备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练(全国通用) 热点05 中国的火星探测的历程

这是一份备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练(全国通用) 热点05 中国的火星探测的历程，文件包含热点05中国的火星探测的历程解析版-备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练全国通用doc、热点05中国的火星探测的历程原卷版-备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练全国通用doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
1
The questin whether there is life n Mars (火星) has made the public think a lt fr mre than a century. The clsest lk shwed Mars t be a dusty, cld wrld, cvered by air t thin t breathe. A British spaceship and Eurpe's Mars spaceship plan t land n Mars r enter rbit (轨道) arund it. One f the NASA’s (美国宇航局) spaceships is expected t land n January 3, the ther is ging t land n the ppsite side f Mars n January 24. Since 1960, ver twenty spaceships sent t Mars have failed. Mst have been lst n flying up r landing because thse are the mst difficult times f any flights. Scientists wanted t find ut whether there was water in Mars. In Octber, a team f scientists reprted that Mars had been a dry wasteland. But weeks later, a secnd team reprted differently that they had fund sme marks shwed clearly that they were made by the rivers. Such marks tld us that Mars was a warmer place billins f years ag — just as life first appeared here n Earth. Scientists at nce raise a questin: if what they said is true, what happened n Mars? Then what abut the earth?
1. Which is right abut Mars?
A. It’s cld withut dust.
B. There is n water r air.
C. It’s warm with sme thin air.
D. It’s a dusty, cld wrld almst withut air.
2. Tw NASA’s spaceships _______________.
A. will land n the different sides f Mars
B. will land n the same day
C. will enter rbit arund Mars
D. will land with a man
3. The mst difficult times f a flight are _______________.
A. taking ff
B. flying up and arriving
C. entering the rbit and landing
D. leaving the earth and entering the rbit
4. A team f scientists reprted that there might be_____________ in Mars.
A. nthing but air
B. nthing
C. water billins f years ag
D. thick air and lakes
5. What are scientists wrried abut when they raise the questin?
A. Life disappeared n Mars.
B. Spaceships can’t land n Mars.
C. The air n the earth gets less and less.
D. The earth might be changed like Mars
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D
【解析】本文主要谈论关于火星和火星探索的一些事情。
1. 细节理解题。根据文中语句“The clsest lk shwed Mars t be a dusty, cld wrld, cvered by air t thin t breathe.”理解可知。火星上有尘土，寒冷和太薄的空气，故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据文中语句“One f the NASA’s (美国宇航局) spaceships is expected t land n January 3, the ther is ging t land n the ppsite side f Mars n January 24.”理解可知。两艘宇宙飞船在不同的时间不同的地点着陆火星，故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据文中语句“Mst have been lst n flying up r landing because thse are the mst difficult times f any flights.”理解可知。故选择B。
4. 细节理解题。根据文中语句“a secnd team reprted differently that they had fund sme marks shwed clearly that they were made by the rivers.”理解可知。几十亿年以前，火星上有水资源，故选C。
5. 细节理解题。根据文中语句“Scientists at nce raise a questin: if what they said is true, what happened n Mars? Then what abut the earth?”理解可知。科学家们担心地球也会有同样的Mike命运，故选D。
2
At the mment, it may be difficult t imagine, but many peple believe that, by the year 2100, we will live n the planet Mars. Our wn planet, Earth, is becming mre and mre crwed and plluted. Luckily, we can start again and build a better wrld n Mars. Here is what life culd be like.
First f all, transprt shuld be much better. At present, ur spaceships are t slw t carry large numbers f peple t Mars-it takes mnths. Hwever, by 2100, spaceship can travel at half the speed f light. It might take us tw r three days t get t Mars!
Secndly, humans need fd, water and air t live. Scientists shuld be able t develp plants that can be grwn n Mars. These plants will prduce the fd and air that we need. Hwever, can these plants prduce water fr us？ There is n answer nw.
There is a prblem fr us t live n Mars. Mars pulls us much less than the Earth des. This will be dangerus because we culd easily jump t high and fly slwly away int space. T prevent this, humans n Mars have t wear special shes t make themselves heavier.
Life n Mars will be better than that n Earth in many ways, Peple will have mre space. Living in allergen building with nly 10 bedrms is highly pssible. Many peple believe that rbt will d mst f ur wrk, s we have mre time fr ur hbbies.
There will prbably be n schl n Mars. Every student will have a cmputer at hme which is cnnected t the internet. They can study, d their hmewrk and take exams in nline schls. Each student will als have their wn nline teacher called "e-teacher".
Hwever, in sme ways, life n Mars may nt be better than that n the earth tday. Fd will nt be the same-meals will prbably be in the frm f pills and will nt be as delicius as they are tday. Als, space travel will make many peple feel ill. The spaceship will travel fast but the jurney t Mars will prbably be very uncmfrtable.
6. Accrding t the text, by the year 2100, sme f us will pssibly live _____ .
A. n Mars B. n the mn
C. under the sea D. in the sun
7. S far, hw lng will it take us frm the earth t Mars by spaceship？
A. Tw r three days B. A few mnths
C. A few days D. A few years
8. In the future, the students n Mars _____ .
A. will study mainly thrugh the internet B. will study mainly in a classrm
C. will meet each ther face t face every day D. needn't study at all
9. Life n Mars will be better than life n the earth because _____ .
A. nly a few peple will live there B. there will be mre space and less wrk t d
C. there will be much delicius fd D. all students dn't need t d any hmewrk
10. Accrding t the text, which f the fllwing abut Mars is NOT true？
A. Transprt will be much better and faster.
B. We need t develp a special plant which can prduce water.
C. On Mars, we can jump higher than n the earth.
D. Fd will be much mre tasty.
【答案】6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】文章讲述了2100年，我们将会生活在火星上的一些想象。
6. 根据by the year 2100, we will live n the planet Mars. 可知是可能生活在火星上；故选A
7. 根据 At present, ur spaceships are t slw t carry large numbers f peple t Mars-it takes mnths.可知现在乘宇宙飞船去火星，需要几个月时间；故选B
8. 根据There will prbably be n schl n Mars. Every student will have a cmputer at hme which is cnnected t the internet. They can study, d their hmewrk and take exams in nline schls. Each student will als have their wn nline teacher called "e-teacher".可知主要通过电脑来学习；故选A
9. 根据Life n Mars will be better than that n Earth in many ways, Peple will have mre space. Many peple believe that rbt will d mst f ur wrk, 可知生活在火星上比生活在地球上好的原因是有更多的空间，更少的工作；故选B
10. 根据 transprt shuld be much better. It might take us tw r three days t get t Mars!可知A对；根据 Hwever, can these plants prduce water fr us？ There is n answer nw.可知B对；根据 Mars pulls us much less than the Earth des. This will be dangerus because we culd easily jump t high可知C对；根据 Fd will nt be the same-meals will prbably be in the frm f pills and will nt be as delicius as they are tday可知D不对；故选D
3
After traveling mre than seven mnths in space, Tianwen 1 is ne step clser t Mars! Tianwen 1, China’s first Mars prbe, successfully entered Mars rbit (轨道) in February, accrding t the China Natinal Space Administratin (CNSA). It will stay in rbit fr abut three mnths befre landing n the red planet.
A small step n the red planet will be a big step fr human beings. Humans have launched 46 Mars explratin missins since Octber 1960, but nly 19 f them have been successful, accrding t China Daily. It’s China’s first spacecraft t Mars, and the missins are rather ambitius. Tianwen 1 aims t achieve “rbiting, landing, and rving (环绕，着陆，巡视)” all in ne jurney, which will make the cuntry the wrld’s first t achieve all three gals with ne prbe, missin scientists said.
Amng the three tasks, tuchdwn n the red planet is the mst difficult. The result mainly depends n the “breathtaking (惊险的) seven minutes” t make sure Tianwen 1 land safely, accrding t the Glbal Times.
February was Mars mnth. NASA’s Perseverance Rver (毅力号火星车) landed n Mars n Feb 19, and China’s Tianwen 1 and United Arab Emirates’ Hpe Prbe have arrived within rbit f the red planet. Althugh the three cuntries started their Mars jurneys at almst the same time, their missins vary. Hpe Prbe successfully entered the rbit f Mars n Feb 9. Perseverance will cllect samples (样品) f rck and sil fr further research. Tianwen 1’s ultimate gal is t land a rver n Mars in May r June, and it will carry ut scientific research n Mars’ sil, envirnment, water and s n.
“When we step int the far planets f the slar system, the magnitude (量) f the resurces and timeline required will take glbal actin,” a US fficial said, highlighting (强调) the imprtance f internatinal cperatin (合作) in space.
11. Tianwen 1 aims t achieve ________ t set a recrd in Mars explratin.
A. landing a rver n the red planet
B. bringing back samples frm Mars
C. staying in rbit arund Mars fr mnths
D. rbiting, landing and rving with ne prbe
12. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 4 refers t ________.
A. Hpe Prbe B. Perseverance
C. Mars D. Tianwen 1
13. What’s the biggest challenge that Tianwen 1 is facing in space?
A. Achieving a safe landing.
B. Lack(缺乏) f the resurces and timeline.
C. Cllecting samples f rck and sil.
D. Cmpleting entering the rbit f Mars.
14. What can we learn abut Tianwen 1?
A. It is expected t land n Mars in May r June.
B. It will spend 10 mnths preparing fr its landing.
C. It’s ne f the 46 successful Mars explratin missins.
D. It’s the wrld’s first prbe t enter the rbit arund Mars.
15. What can we infer (推测) frm the US fficial’s wrds in the last paragraph?
A. Space explratin calls fr glbal cperatin.
B. There are risks (危险) in explring ther planets.
C. Tianwen 1 will reach ther planets besides Mars.
D. Explring space takes cnsiderable (相当大的) time and resurces.
【答案】11. D 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. A
【解析】文章介绍了中国在探索火星方面取得了新的里程碑——天问一号。
11. 细节理解题。根据“Tianwen 1 aims t achieve “rbiting, landing, and rving (环绕，着陆，巡视)” all in ne jurney”可知，天问一号的目标是实现“轨道、着陆、漫游”一体化的任务，故选D。
12. 推理判断题。根据“Tianwen 1’s ultimate gal is t land a rver n Mars in May r June, and it will carry ut scientific research n Mars’ sil, envirnment, water and s n.”可知，“天问一号”的最终目标是在5月或6月登陆火星，上巡视器，并将对火星的土壤、环境、水等进行科学研究。所以it指的是“天问一号”，故选D。
13. 细节理解题。根据“Amng the three tasks, tuchdwn n the red planet is the mst difficult.”可知，安全着陆是最困难的，故选A。
14. 推理判断题。根据“Tianwen 1, China’s first Mars prbe, successfully entered Mars rbit (轨道) in February, accrding t the China Natinal Space Administratin (CNSA). It will stay in rbit fr abut three mnths befre landing n the red planet.”可知，“天问一号”于今年2月成功进入火星轨道。它将在轨道上停留大约三个月，然后着陆在火星。也就是在5月或6月在火星着陆，故选A。
15. 推理判断题。根据“ “When we step int the far planets f the slar system, the magnitude (量) f the resurces and timeline required will take glbal actin,” a US fficial said, highlighting (强调) the imprtance f internatinal cperatin (合作) in space.”可知，美国官员强调了太空领域国际合作的重要性，即空间探索需要全球合作。故选A。
4
Chinese space trainer Wang Yuan has been chsen as ne f the vlunteers fr the Mars-500 test prject. He was very happy t be chsen and will accept the meaningful challenge(挑战) Anther five vlunteers are all space lvers., including three Russians, an Italy-Clmbian and a Frenchman. They are abut t feel what it’s like t travel t Mars, nly withut leaving the earth. They are lcked up tgether fr a year and a half under a similar cnditin t the red planet during the whle prcess. S the experiment is called Mars-500.
When reprters asked what they wuld miss mst during the 520-day special life, French trainer Charles said:”Fr me, it will be mainly my family, the sun and fresh air.”
The Mars-500 test will be in a special building in Mscw, Russia. Althugh the peple wn’t leave the building, they will fell as if they are n a real trip t the Mars. The mst difficult thing will be t be separated(分离) frm the peple that they used t live with. The trainer wn’t see sunsets, sunrises, wn’t feel rain fr 18 mnths. That will be hard.
The main task is t study the “Man and envirnment”. It’ll care abut the astrnauts’ getting experience and physical effects. The 520-day-test is divided int three parts,the first 250days t Mars, the middle 30days f landing n Mars, the last 240 days t return t the earth. Everyne will stay there alne fr a lng time and will wrk lnely. They will have t make decisins themselves and nly then reprt t the earth, and the earth will tell them whether they d the right thing r nt.
Each astrnaut is preparing fr the great challenge. It is learned that they will be launched（发射）early in June. And the experiment will end in Nvember 2011.
16. _______ members were chsen as vlunteers.
A. FiveB. SixC. ThreeD. Fur
17. The mst difficult thing fr the trainers is ______.
A. n vegetables t eat
B. they can’t watch TV
C. they can’t see many peple
D. they must lie all day
18. Mars-500 test will be dne in ______
A. MscwB. a red planet
C. NvemberD. Xichang
19. It will take trainers _______ days t land n Mars.
A. 250B. 30C. 240D. 520
20. Which sentence is NOT true abut the 520-day-test?
A. The trainers wn’t see rain r snw
B. The experiment will begin in June.
C. Trainers are all astrnauts.
D. Trainers will reprt t the earth.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】试题分析：中国航天教练王元已被选定为火星-500试验项目的一位志愿者。他被选中非常高兴，将接受有意义的挑战，五个志愿者都是太空爱好者。火星-500实验将在莫斯科的一个特殊的建筑，他们会觉得好像他们正在进行真正的火星之旅。他们看不到日落，日出，感觉不到18个月的雨。这将是很困难的。每个宇航员正准备迎接更大的挑战。据悉，他们将在六月发射，实验将在2011年的十一月结束。
16. 细节理解题，根据文中语句“Anther five vlunteers are all space lvers.,”理解可知。除了王元还有五人，故共选拔6人，选择B。
17. 细节理解题，根据文中语句“The mst difficult thing will be t be separated(分离) frm the peple that they used t live with.”理解可知。最困难的就是将和家人分离，故选C。
18. 细节理解题，根据文中语句“The Mars-500 test will be in a special building in Mscw, Russia.”理解可知。这项实验将在俄罗斯的莫斯科举行，故选A。
19. 细节理解题，根据文中语句“The 520-day-test is divided int three parts,”理解可知。这项实验将继续520天，故选B。
20. 细节理解题，根据文中语句“Anther five vlunteers are all space lvers.”理解可知。这六名志愿者都是太空爱好者，不是宇航员，故选C
5
Thusands f years ag, Chinese pet QuYuan (abut 340-278BC) wrte the pem Tianwen, meaning Quest fr Heavenly Truth. He came up with a series f questins abut the sky, stars, nature, myths and the wrld arund us. The pem shwed his dubts abut traditinal ideas and the spirit f finding the truth.
China has named its upcming series f planetary explratin missins (任务) after the pem. The first ne in the series – a Mars explratin missin – has been named Tianwen1, the China Natinal Space Administratin (CNSA) said n April 24, China Space Day. This shws China’s desire t explre the universe and discver its secrets.
As early as 1970, China launched (发射) its first man-made Earth satellite, becming the fifth cuntry in the wrld t launch a man-made satellite n her wn. Since 2003, China has carried ut six Shenzhu manned missins and launched tw space labs int Earth’s rbit (轨道). China’s mn explratin missins – the Chang’e series – started in 2007. In December 2018, China became the first cuntry t send the prbe (探测器) Chang’e 4 t the mn’s far side, which always faces away frm Earth.
The Tianwen series will fllw the Shenzhu and Chang’e series and mve further int space. The first step is t launch a Mars prbe this year, which will mark the start f China’s explratin f the Red Planet. The prbe is expected t rbit, land n and explre Mars in ne missin. If it succeeds, it will be the first t cmplete all f these tasks in ne missin. The Lng March 5 rckets will send the prbe t Mars. It will take seven mnths t reach the planet and land.
After this missin, China plans t visit Mars again in 2028, aiming t cllect sil frm the surface f the planet and bring it back t Earth. Arund 2030, China will explre Jupiter and several asterids (小行星), said CNSA.
21. What d we knw abut the Mars explratin missin?
A. It will be the first missin f the Tianwen series.
B. China will launch a Mars prbe named Lng March 5.
C. China will launch the prbe n Space Day.
D. The prbe will be launched n a rcket built by anther cuntry.
22. The first step t the Mars explratin missin is _________.
A. t take a clear picture f Mars
B. t design a prbe
C. t name the missin
D. t send a prbe t Mars
23. The sentence “China has been making great prgress in space explratin.” can be best placed in the beginning f _________.
A. paragraph 2B. paragraph 3C. paragraph 4D. paragraph 5
24. What will CNSA prbably d in the future accrding t the last paragraph?
A. It will visit Venus and several asterids.
B. It will cllect sil frm the surface f the mn.
C. It will launch ther missins t Mars.
D. It will visit all f the planets in the slar system.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国探索宇宙、航天事业的漫长发展历程，中国“天问一号”探测火星的任务及未来中国在航天事业上的发展。
21. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The first ne in the series – a Mars explratin missin – has been named Tianwen1”可知，火星探测任务是“天文一号”系列的第一个任务。故选A。
22. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The first step is t launch a Mars prbe this year”可知，火星探测任务的第一步是发射火星探测器。故选D。
23. 主旨大意题。China has been making great prgress in space explratin.中国在太空探索方面取得了很大进展。结合第三段“As early as 1970…Since 2003…started in 2007. In December 2018…”可知，这几个时间点象征着中国航天事业的发展历程，在太空探索方面取得的成就，故 “China has been making great prgress in space explratin.”最适合放在第三段段首。故选B。
24. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“After this missin, China plans t visit Mars again in 2028…planet and bring it back t Earth”可知，中国国家航天局计划于2028年再次探索火星，执行其它火星任务。故选C。
二、完型填空
1
D yu hpe t mve t anther city r a freign cuntry? It may be interesting. But hw abut mving t _____planet? A US cmpany nw has a plan: sending peple t Mars____20 years. T begin with, the cmpany plans t send____peple t g t Mars first. It will___them several mnths t get there. When they arrive, they will build a ____first. But Mars is nt an easy place t____.It is rcky,cld and has lts f sandstrms(沙暴). Als, there is ____air fr breath. S peple wuld have t live in a special huse. They wuld have t____special clthes if they g ut. Peple will have t find _____resurces(资源),irn, water and s n . All these culd help peple live Sunds interesting? Yu might want t g t Mars nw. _____will things g well as the cmpany hpes? We’ll wait and see.
25. A. the therB. antherC. ne mreD. ther
26. A. atB. nC. inD. t
27. A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little
28. A. takeB. cstC. spendD. pay
29. A. carB. gardenC. huseD. bus stp
30. A. dream fB. stay inC. climb upD. live n
31. A. nB. smeC. manyD. much
32. A. put nB. wearC. wear utD. dress up
33. A. alneB. usefulC. latestD. deep
34. A. BecauseB. WhenC. ButD. S
【答案】25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C
【解析】试题分析：短文大意： 美国一家公司计划20年后送人去火星。首先，该公司计划派几个人先去火星，当他们到达火星之后，首先应建造房子。但是火星不适合居住，那里没有空气呼吸。他们住特殊的房子，如果他们出去，他们必须穿着特殊的衣服。他们必须发现有用的资源，情况会像公司所期望的那样吗？
25. B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：但移居另一颗行星如何?A. the ther (两者中) 另一个；B. anther另一个；C. ne mre再一，又一 ；D. ther 其他的。依据句意，此处是泛指，答案为B。
26. C考查介词及语境理解。句意：20年后送人去火星。A. at 在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；B. n 关于，在……之上；C. in按照（表示方式）；从事于；在……之内；D. t到；向；“in＋时间段”表示将来。故答案为C。
27. B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：首先，该公司计划派几个人先去火星。little，a little修饰不可数名词；few，a few修饰可数名词复数；few表示否定含义，a few表示肯定含义。这里表示“一些人”故答案为B。
28. A考查动词及语境理解。句意：到那儿将花费他们几个月的时间。A. take 耗费；B. cst 花费； C. spend 花费；D. pay 支付，偿还。It takes sb. sme time t d sth. 表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故答案为A。
29. C考查名词及语境理解。句意：当他们到达火星之后，首先应建造房子。 A. car 汽车；B. garden 花园；C. huse房子；D. bus stp 公共汽车站。由上下文可推知，人们到达火星之后首先应建造房子。答案为C。
30. D考查动词词组辨析及语境理解。句意：但是火星不适合居住。 A. dream f 梦想；B. stay in 呆在；C. climb up攀登；D. live n住在。由下文可知火星不适合居住。依据句意，答案为D。
31. A考查形容词及语境理解。句意：没有空气呼吸。A. n 没有；B. sme 一些；C. many 许多；D. much 许多。由常识可知火星上没有空气。答案为A。
32. B考查动词词组辨析及语境理解。句意：如果他们出去，他们必须穿着特殊的衣服。A. put n 穿上，强调动作；B. wear 穿着，强调状态；C. wear ut穿破；D. dress up打扮，装饰。 dress后跟人作宾语，wear ut意为“穿破”，dress up意为“装扮”，wear后接衣服作宾语。答案为B。
33. B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：他们必须发现有用的资源。A. alne独自地；B. useful有用的；C. latest最新的；D. deep 深深的。 由下文“All these culd help peple live there…”可知人们将发现“有用的”资源。答案为B。
34. C考查连词及语境理解。句意：但是，情况会像公司所期望的那样吗？ A. Because 因为；B. When 什么时候；C. But 但是；D. S因此。but是转折连词，表示语意转折。答案为C。
2
Humans have never stpped explring (探索) universe. We try t find ther 35 t live n. Can ur dream be realized?
At the mment, it may be difficult t imagine, but many peple 36 that, by the year 2100, we will live n Mars because the resurce (资源) n the Earth will 37 . Our life will change a lt. Firstly, transprtatin will be mre 38 . The spaceships can reach half f light speed. It takes us tw r three days t get t Mars. Secndly, humans need fd, water and 39 t live. Scientists will find plants that can grw n Mars. These plants will 40 us with fd and air. Thirdly, we’ll have mre time t relax, 41 rbts will d mst wrk. And there will be n 42 n Mars. Students will study n the cmputer at hme and each student will have their wn nline teachers called “e-teachers”.
Hwever, we will have sme prblems n Mars. We culd 43 jump t high and fly slwly away int space. S we have t wear special shes t make urselves 44 .
D yu like this kind f future life? What’s yur favrite future life?
35. A. citiesB. planetsC. rmsD. huses
36. A. findB. rememberC. believeD. frget
37. A. run utB. g utC. lk utD. carry ut
38. A. expensiveB. interestingC. freeD. cnvenient
39. A. landB. airC. earthD. clud
40. A. prvideB. pleaseC. fillD. miss
41. A. afterB. thughC. becauseD. until
42. A. fficesB. parksC. gardensD. schls
43. A. finallyB. easilyC. clearlyD. sadly
44. A. higherB. heavierC. lwerD. shrter
【答案】35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A 41. C 42. D 43. B 44. B
【解析】文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类想象的未来的生活，人类将会生活在火星上，与现在的生活很不一样。
35. 句意：我们试图寻找其他星球来生存。
考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。cities城市；planets行星；rms房间；huses房子。结合下文“ the year2100, we will live n mars...”可知，此处表示找到其他的行星来居住。故选B。
36. 句意：目前，可能很难想象，但许多人相信。
考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。find发现；remember记得；believe相信；frget忘记。结合语境及下文描述可知，很多人相信未来人类将会移居火星。故选C。
37. 句意：到2100年，我们将生活在火星上，因为地球上的资源将用完。
考查动词短语辨析。run ut用完；g ut外出；lk ut向外看；carry ut执行。根据句意及语境可知，此处表示地球上的能源会用尽。故选A。
38. 句意：首先，交通将会更加便利。
考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。expensive昂贵的；interesting有趣的；free自由的，免费的；cnvenient便利的。根据下文“The spaceships can reach half f light speed. It takes us tw r three days t get t mars.”可知，此处表示交通更加便利。故选D。
39. 句意：第二，人类需要食物、水和空气来生存。
考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。land土地；air空气；earth地球；clud云。结合下文“These plants will us with fd and air.”及常识可知，此处表示人们生存需要食物、水和空气。故选B。
40. 句意：这些植物将为我们提供食物和空气。
考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。prvide提供；please使满意；fill充满；miss想念。根据句意及语境可知，此处表示为我们提供食物和空气。故选A。
41. 句意：第三，我们会有更多的时间放松，因为机器人会做大部分的工作。
考查从属连词词义辨析及语境理解。after在……之后；thugh尽管；because因为；umni直到……为止。结合句意及语境可知，此处表示因为机器人会做大部分工作，所以我们有更多的时间来放松。故选C。
42. 句意：火星上将不会有学校。
考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。ffices办公室；parks公园；gardens花园；schls学校。根据下文“Students will study n the cmputer at hme...”可知，此处表示火星上没有学校。故选D。
43. 句意：我们很容易跳得太高，然后慢慢地飞向太空。
考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。finally最终；easily容易地；clearly清晰地；sadly伤心地。根据句意及语境可知，此处表示我们会很容易地跳高或飞向太空。故选B。
44. 句意：所以我们必须穿特殊的鞋子使自己更重。
考查形容词比较级词义辨析及语境理解。higher更高的；heavier更重的；lwer更低的；shrter更矮的。结合句意及上文内容可知，此处表示我们必须穿特殊的鞋子来使我们更重。故选B。
三、短文填空
The striking features f Mars
Cmpared with the Earth, Mars is a different p45. which has many striking (引人注目的) features. First, Mars is a barren, cratered (陨石坑的) w46. . It desn’t have flwing water and prliferating (茂盛的) plants, mre l47. the mn. In ther wrds, Mars is different. Secnd, much f Mars’s s48. cnsists f dust. Third, Mars is extremely w49. . The wind is s strng that it can change the landscape (景观). What’s m50. , extreme (极端的) climate is the f51. striking features. Althugh Mars has s52. like Earth’s, they all have extreme climate. And Mars’ atmsphere (大气层) is s thin that it has a very lw heat capacity (容量), s the surface t53. swings by mre than 100 degrees. A fifth majr striking feature is the behaviur f liquid (液体) water is unstable (不稳定的) because f Mars’ present pressure and temperature c54. .
【答案】
45. planet
46. wrld
47. like
48. surface
49. windy
50. mre
51. furth
52. seasns
53. temperature
54. cnditins
【解析】
【解析】文章大意：本文是一篇科普文章，主要向我们介绍了火星的五个特点。首先，火星是贫瘠的，坑坑洼洼的世界，没有流动的水和繁殖的植物。第二、火星表面大部分由尘埃构成。第三、火星风很大，它能改变风景。第四、火星上和地球上一样也有四季，但它们的气候都很极端。第五、火星上的液态水是不稳定的。
45. 句意：与地球相比，火星是一颗不同的行星，有许多引人注目的特征。根据上文Cmpared with the Earth,结合Mars is a different p___ which has many striking (引人注目的) features.可知此处句意为“火星是一颗不同的行星，有许多引人注目的特征。”“行星”planet，前面有不定冠词a，所以这里用其单数形式，故答案填planet。
46. 句意：首先，火星是一个贫瘠、坑坑洼洼的世界。根据下文It desn’t have flwing water and prliferating (茂盛的) plants, 它没有流动的水和繁殖的植物，结合First, Mars is a barren, cratered (陨石坑的) w___. 可知句意为“火星是一个贫瘠、坑坑洼洼的世界。”“世界”wrld，故答案填wrld。
47. 句意：更像月球。联系上文的语境描述火星是一个贫瘠、坑坑洼洼的世界，它没有流动的水和繁殖的植物，再结合后面的关键词the mn和首字母提示，可知此处是说它更像月球。“像…一样”like，故答案填like。
48. 句意：火星表面大部分由尘埃构成。根据题干much f Mars’s s__ cnsists f dust.可知句意为“火星表面大部分由尘埃构成。”“表面”surface，故答案填surface。
49. 句意：火星风很大。根据下文The wind is s strng that it can change the landscape (景观). 风太大了，它能改变景观。可知此处句意为“火星风很大。”设空处前面有形容词is，这里用形容词作表语，windy“有风的、多风的”，形容词，故答案填windy。
50. 句意：另外。联系上文语境，根据下文extreme (极端的) climate is the f__ striking features.结合What’s m___,可知此处句意为“另外”，What’s mre独立使用，后面加逗号，表示递进， 故答案填mre。
51. 句意：极端气候是第四个显著特征。根据上文First, Secnd, Third,以及下A fifth majr striking feature，可知此处应是火星的第四个显著特征，“第四”furth，序数词，前面需要加定冠词the，故答案填furth。
52. 句意：虽然火星的季节像地球一样，但它们都有极端的气候。根据下文they all have extreme climate.他们都有极端的气候。结合Althugh Mars has s___ like Earth’s,可知句意为“虽然火星的季节像地球一样”，“季节”seasn，由后面的主语they可知这里应用其复数形式seasns，故答案填seasns。
53. 句意：所以表面温度波动超过100度。根据上文And Mars’ atmsphere is s thin that it has a very lw heat capacity，火星的大气层非常稀薄，热容量很低，结合s the surface t___swings by mre than 100 degrees.可知句意为“所以表面温度波动超过100度。”“温度”temperature，故答案填temperature。
54. 句意：第五个显著特征是液态水的行为是不稳定的，因为火星目前的压力和温度条件。根据上文the behaviur f liquid (液体) water is unstable (不稳定的)，“液态水的行为是不稳定的”，结合because f Mars’ present pressure and temperature c___.由because f可知火星目前的压力和温度是造成液态水行为不稳定的“条件”，cnditin“条件”，可数名词，这里条件不是一个，所以应用其复数形式cnditins，故答案填cnditins。