备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练(全国通用) 热点28 暴雨天气的危害与应对

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备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练
热点28 暴雨天气的危害与应对

一、阅读单选
1
It's very common to see lightning storms(雷雨) in summer. Some people don't take them carefully. In fact, lightning storms are very dangerous for people, and they can even kill people.
So how do we keep safe during a lightning storm?
If you are indoors, stay away from windows and doors during a lightning storm. Don't take a shower or do the dishes because lightning can travel through water. Turn off the TV and computer. My computer was broken, so I learned it the hard way. Never use the phone. Lightning can travel through the phone line and hit you.
If you are outdoors during a lightning storm, never take shelter(庇护) under a tree because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. Stay away from anything that is metal(金属). Try to get in your car and close all the windows, or go into a nearby building right away. If there's no building around, try to find a low place to stay in. Squat(蹬) down near the ground and put your hands over your ears. Never use a cellphone.
1. When are the lightning storms common?
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter.
2. What can you do if you are indoors during a lightning storm?
A. Watch TV. B. Take a shower.
C. Stay away from windows. D. Play computer games.
3. What can't you do if you are outdoors during a lightning storm?
A. Stand under a tree. B. Get into your car.
C. Go into a nearby building. D. Squat down near the ground.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. What a Lightning Storm Is
B. How to Take Shelter During a Lightning Storm
C. How to Stay Away from a Lightning Storm
D. How to Keep Safe in a Lightning Storm
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D
【解析】本文主要讲述在雷雨期间如何保持安全。如果你在室内，在雷雨期间，你要远离门窗。不要洗澡，也不要洗碗。关掉电视和电脑。如果你在户外遇到雷雨，千万不要躲在树下，因为闪电会击中树，穿过树而击中你。远离任何金属制品。试图上车并关上所有的窗户，或者立刻去附近的大楼。如果周围没有建筑物，试着找一个低矮的地方待着。蹲下，尽量靠近地面，双手捂住耳朵。不要使用手机。
1. 题意：闪电暴风雨什么时候常见？考查细节理解题。A. In spring在春天；B. In summer在夏天；C. In autumn在秋天；D. In winter在冬天。根据第一段第一句It's very common to see lightning storms(雷雨) in summer.（夏天雷雨是很常见的。）可知选B。
2. 题意：在雷雨期间，如果你在室内你能做些什么？考查细节理解题。A. Watch TV.看电视；B. Take a shower.洗澡；C. Stay away from windows.远离窗户；D. Play computer games.玩电脑游戏。根据第三段第一句If you are indoors, stay away from windows and doors during a lightning storm.（如果你在室内，在雷雨期间远离窗户和门。）可知如果你在室内你要远离窗户；故选C。
3. 题意：在雷雨期间，如果你在户外你不能做什么？考查细节理解题。A. Stand under a tree. 站在树下；B. Get into your car. 上车吧；C. Go into a nearby building.去附近的一栋大楼；D. Squat down near the ground.蹲在地下。根据第四段第一句If you are outdoors during a lightning storm, never take shelter(庇护) under a tree because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you.（如果你在户外遇到雷雨，千万不要躲在树下，因为闪电会击中树，然后通过树去击中你。）可知“在雷雨期间，如果你在户外你不能站在树下”，可知选A。
4. 题意：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？考查主旨理解题。A. What a Lightning Storm Is雷雨是什么；B. How to Take Shelter During a Lightning Storm在雷雨中如何躲避；C. How to Stay Away from a Lightning Storm如何避开雷雨；D. How to Keep Safe in a Lightning Storm如何在雷雨中保持安全。本文主要讲述在雷雨期间如何保持安全。故答案为D。
2
Nature shows itself in many ways. One of the most impressive(令人印象深刻的) forms is a kind of storm known as a hurricane, typhoon or tropical cyclone. These powerful weather events form over water. They are known as hurricanes in the central and eastern North Pacific and the North Atlantic Oceans, typhoons in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and tropical cyclones in the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean.
The spinning(旋转的) round storms can become powerful, spreading over 900 kilometers across. The winds inside the storms can reach speeds of more than 320 kilometers per hour. The storms also may reach a height of up to 15 kilometers. They spin around a center called the “eye”, which is a calm area with low wind speed. When these storms reach the shore, they are sometimes strong enough to tear trees out of the ground. Heavy rains and large waves often cause flooding and great damage to buildings.
A new study shows that, during the last 70 years, the speed at which these storms move across water and land has been gradually slowing down. As a result, they have been putting more and more rain on land. This has caused increased flooding and loss of life. In August 2017, Hurricane Harvey moved so slowly across the U.S. state of Texas that it was able to put more than 30 inches of rain, leading to great damage.
According to scientists, the reason for these slower-moving storms is atmospheric(大气的) warming. Over the years, the Earth’s atmosphere has been slowly warming up. This has caused air circulation(循环) in the Earth’s atmosphere to weaken. As a result, the winds that push tropical storms along have gotten weaker, so the storms slowed down.
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according the passage?
A. Typhoons develop in the central and eastern Pacific.
B. Slow moving storms put less rain on land.
C. The speed of storms is affected by atmospheric warming.
D. The eye of a storm is an area with high wind speed.
6. What did the study mentioned in Paragraph 3 discover?
A. A trend that has lasted for decades.
B. A theory that shows the causes of storms.
C. A material that hurts the environment.
D. A method that protects people from storm.
7. In which part of the magazine can this article be read?
A. Education. B. Health.
C. Travel. D. Environment.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自然界中常见的现象——被称为飓风、台风或热带气旋的风暴。随着大气变暖，风暴的移动速度逐渐减慢，这也给陆地带来了越来越多的雨水。
5. 细节理解题。根据原文“According to scientists, the reason for these slower-moving storms is atmospheric(大气的) warming”可知，风暴的速度受大气变暖影响。故选C。
6. 推理判断题。根据原文“A new study shows that, during the last 70 years, the speed at which these storms move across water and land has been gradually slowing down”可知，一项新的研究表明，在过去的70年里，这些风暴移动的速度逐渐减慢，由此可推断该研究发现，风暴移动速度逐渐减慢这一趋势已经持续了数十年。故选A。
7. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自然界中常见的现象——被称为飓风、台风或热带气旋的风暴。随着大气变暖，风暴的移动速度逐渐减慢，这也给陆地带来了越来越多的雨水。根据四个选项推断，这篇关于气候变化影响风暴移动以及由此给人类带来影响的文章可能出现在环境版块。故选D。
3
Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.
"I was eating with my wife and children," he said, "When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened."
Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.
"There was no time to take anything," she said, "A few minutes later, the roof came down."
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department （福利机构） brought them food, clothes and shelter.
8. How was one of Mr. Tan’s children after the storm?
A. Lost. B. Dangerous.
C. Frightened. D. Not found.
9. Mrs. Woo and her family didn’t get hurt because _________.
A. her husband knew there would be a storm.
B. they were all outside the house when the storm became worse.
C. she felt the house was moving.
D. the welfare department helped her.
10. Which of he following may be the best title for this passage？
A Terrible Storm.
A. A Lucky Woman. B. Good Soldiers.
C. Clever People.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A
【解析】上周五，一场风暴席卷了新界的两个村庄。导致一人死亡，多人重伤。暴风雨后有超过二百人无家可归。士兵带着人们到了安全的地方，并且给他们带来食物和衣服，接下来记者又对经历过这场暴风雨的幸运者进行了采访。
8. 细节理解题。问题：暴风雨之后，谭先生的一个孩子怎样了？联系原文：I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.句意：我返回室内，发现了他是安全的，但是非常害怕。明确这个孩子是害怕的。故选C
9. 细节理解题。问题：吴太太和她的家人为什么没有受伤？分析原文：Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. 句意：吴美芳太太说：她的丈夫刚去上班，她就感觉她的房间在动。她和她的孩子们立刻跑到外面去了。明确说出原因：感觉到房屋在动。故选 C
10. 细节理解题。问题：对于短文哪一个是最佳的题目？通过阅读短文，都在描述一场暴风雨经过之后，对村庄造成的伤害。同时也对几个幸存者进行了采访。结合选项，第一项：一场可怕的暴风雨，符合题意。故选A
4
I’m so thankful we’re all okay. I never imagined I’d have to go through something as terrible as what happened yesterday. At first I thought we were about to have just a usual rainstorm. The sky got dark and the wind picked up. Dad came in early from the fields on his truck. Then my sister Julia said, “Look at the sky. Doesn't it look wired?”
We went to the window and saw big black clouds. I felt afraid as the strong wind blew up. Mom told us to run to the storm cellar, but I wanted to go to my room to get some of my things first. Mom caught me and made me stay with everyone else. As we ran toward the storm cellar, I saw a long, thin cloud drop down from the sky and touch the ground. The noise grew louder, like a train rushing straight at us. My little brother Mark started to cry. I picked him up and carried him down the steps into the cellar.
Above us, we heard terrible sounds that seemed to go on forever. All I could think about was losing my computer and MP3 player. I knew Julia was worried about the clothes she had just bought, and Mark was thinking about his favorite toys.
When it finally grew quiet again, we came upstairs. The whole house was gone. We all had the exact same feeling. Instead of crying about what we had lost, we hugged each other and cried because everyone was safe. We still had what mattered most—our family.
11. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “weird” in Paragraph 1?
A. Colorful. B. Strange. C. Bright. D. Peaceful.
12. What is the storm cellar according to the passage?
A. A tool to show how terrible the storm is. B. A museum to introduce what the storm is.
C. A place to keep you safe from the storm. D. A machine to predict when a storm comes.
13. Why did the family cry after the storm?
A. Because they were thankful to be safe. B. Because they had to rebuild their house.
C. Because they were still feeling afraid. D. Because they lost many valuable belongings.
14. Which is the right order of the following events according to the passage?
a. The whole house was blown away by the heavy storm.
b. A long, thin cloud dropped down and touched the ground.
c. Dad drove his truck back home from the fields early.
d. Mom stopped the writer from getting things in her room.
A. c-b-d-a B. c-d-b-a C. d-b-c-a D. d-c-b-a
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B
【解析】本文讲述了作者一家经历了自然灾害，他们躲到了防风窖了，之后他们出来，发现房子都没有了，但是他们没有为失去的东西哭泣，而是因为每个人都很安全。他们还有他们的家人。
11. 词义推测题。Colorful多彩的；Strange奇怪的；Bright明亮的；Peaceful和平的；根据文章中“The sky got dark and the wind picked up.We saw big black clouds. I felt afraid as the strong wind blew up.”天变黑了，起风了。 我们看到了大片的乌云。大风刮起来，我感到害怕。可知这边天空看起来很奇怪，故选B。
12. 细节理解题。根据文本“I felt afraid as the strong wind blew up. Mom told us to run to the storm cellar. I picked him up and carried him down the steps into the cellar.”大风刮起来，我感到害怕。妈妈让我们跑到防风地窖去。我抱起他，带他下了台阶，来到地窖。可知the storm cellar是一个让你安全的地方。故选C。
13. 细节理解题。根据文本“we hugged each other and cried because everyone was safe”得知因为他们对他们还是安全的心存感激，故选A。
14. 推理判断题。a. The whole house was blown away by the heavy storm.个房子都被暴风雨吹走了；b. A long, thin cloud dropped down and touched the ground. b朵又长又薄的云落了下来，落到地上；c. Dad drove his truck back home from the fields early.爸爸很早就把他的卡车从地里开回家了；d. Mom stopped the writer from getting things in her room.妈妈阻止作家在她的房间里拿东西。根据文章的段落以及每句话出现的顺序, 故选B。

二、完型填空
Sara was sitting on the sofa and thinking about her birthday party. Because of the terrible storm, her 15 planned to have the party the next weekend. Sara didn't understand why.
“Sara, you can't sit there all day,” her mother said. “We'll have your party next weekend.”
“It's 16 ! My birthday is today, not next weekend!”
Sara 17 the TV. She wanted to watch anything that wasn't about the storm. 18 almost every station was talking about it. “This storm is ruining (毁灭)everything. I can't 19 watch my favorite shows.”
Her mother sat down next to her. “The storm is ruining a lot. Look at that. Those people are trying to 20 their houses. Could you imagine if we lost our home?”
Sara looked at what was happening on the TV. The storm did look bad. She knew she'd be really sad if her family lost their 21 .
“What's going to happen to all those people? Will 22 be OK?” asked Sara.
“Usually when there's a big storm like this, people raise money and give away(捐赠) food and other things to the homeless families.”
“I want to help, too，” said Sara. “Maybe I could 23 my birthday money to them. Those people will need it more than me.”
Her mother smiled. “I am 24 you, Sara. Helping others is a great way to weather(经受住) the storm.”
15. A. friends B. classmates C. parents D. relatives
16. A. different B. great C. exciting D. happy
17. A. turned off B. turned on C. turned up D. turned down
18. A. Or B. And C. But D. So
19. A. even B. just C. often D. hardly
20. A. count B. save C. push D. help
21. A. food B. money C. home D. water
22. A. we B. you C. they D. she
23. A. send B. pay C. lend D. borrow
24. A. interested in B. proud of C. sorry for D. worried about
【答案】15. C 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Sara的父母因为暴风雨把Sara的生日推迟到了周末，Sara刚开始很不理解，埋怨这场暴风雨毁了她的一切，可是当她看到电视里受灾的人时她决定把自己生日用的钱捐给这些因为这场暴风雨失去家园的人们。故事告诉我们，在别人遇到困难的时候，我们要伸出援手去帮助他人。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的________打算把她的生日派对移到下周末。friends 朋友；classmates 同班同学；parents父母；relatives亲戚。根据下文“her mother said”，可知是她的父母打算把她的生日派对移到下周末。故选C。
16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是________！我的生日是今天，又不是下周末！different 不同的；great伟大的，重大的；exciting令人兴奋的；happy高兴的。根据后半句“我的生日是今天，又不是下周末”可知，这是不同的。故选A。
17.考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sara________电视，她想看任何与暴风雨无关的东西。turned off关掉；turned on打开；turned up调大；turned down调小。根据下文“Sara looked at what was happening on the TV.”可知此处表示Sara打开了电视。故选B。
18.考查连词词义辨析。句意：________几乎每个台都是在谈论它。Or 或者，表选择；And和，表并列或顺承； But但是，表转折；So因此，表因果。根据上下句可知，此处是表转折。故选C。
19.考查副词词义辨析。句意：这场暴风雨毁灭了一切。我________不能看我最喜欢的电视节目。even 甚至； just刚才；often经常；hardly几乎不。根据句意可知此处表示我甚至不能看我最喜欢的电视节目。故选A。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些人努力地________他们的房子。count数；save挽救；push推；help帮助。根据句意可知是这些人努力地挽救他们的房子。故选B。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道她将会非常地伤心如果她的家人失去了她们的________。food 食物；money金钱； home家；water水。根据“Could you imagine if we lost our home？”可知此处表示是失去她们的家。故选C。
22.考查人称代词词义辨析。句意：这些人将会发生什么？________会好吗？we我们；you你，你们；they他们；she她。根据句意可知此处表示是他们。故选C。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我可以把我过生日用的钱________他们。send送；pay支付；lend借出；borrow借入。根据句意可知此处指我可以把我过生日的钱送给他们。故选A。
24.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我________你，Sara.帮助他人是一个很好的方式去经受住暴风雨。be interested in对……感兴趣；be proud of以……为傲；be sorry for对……感到抱歉；be worried about对……担心。根据句意可知是我以你为傲。故选B。
三、短文汉语提示填空
1
After a hot day, a cold storm suddenly whipped（席卷）around the top of Mt. Stromboli, a volcano（火山）on an island off the coast of Sicily. The temperature quickly d25. over 60 degrees. Donna O’ Meara and her husband Steve, didn’t dare try to climb d26. the steep slopes（陡峭的斜坡）in the dark. They were stuck（困住）on a narrow ledge（暗礁）.They huddled（拥抱）together, shivering（颤抖）nonstop in the c27. air.
Thundering blasts（强劲气流）from the volcano and falling rocks the size of basketballs k28. them awake and fearful. When the sun c29. up, Donna felt cinder（火山灰渣）burns on her face. There were sharp pieces of rock in her hair.
Terrible e30. on top of a volcano are usual for Donna O’ Meara. For over 25 years, she has worked with Steve to photograph and s31. volcanoes all over the world. They hope their documentation（记录）will someday be a written and visual record of i32. that helps scientists to better predict（预测）volcanic eruption（喷发）.
Donna says the experience of being on Mt. Stromboli for one freezing night was the most terrible experience in her life. Since the sides of this volcano are steep, it was i33. for the O’ Mearas to travel down the slopes until the sun rose in the morning. So they were stuck on the ledge in the freezing cold with burning rocks f34. around them.

【答案】
25. dropped
26. down
27. cold
28. kept
29. came
30. experiences
31. shoot
32. information
33. impossible
34. falling
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥米拉斯夫妇为了拍摄火山照片，去了斯特隆博利山峰，不料在山顶遇上寒冷风暴，两夫妇被困山顶一晚的故事。
25. 句意：气温迅速下降了60多度。根据上文“……a cold storm suddenly whipped around the top of Mt. Stromboli……”可知，斯特隆博利山峰在遇上寒冷风暴之后，气温应是要下降的，结合提示字母d可知，此处应填动词drop；因为遇上风暴被困山上整件事都发生在过去，所以此处应用一般过去时，谓语动词drop应变成其过去式dropped。故填dropped。
26. 句意：唐娜·奥米拉斯和她的丈夫史蒂夫不敢在黑暗中爬下陡峭的斜坡。根据下文“They were stuck on a narrow ledge.”可知，夫妇两被困在了山上的暗礁上，由此可知，他们应是不敢爬下山才被困的，结合提示字母d，此空应填介词down，与动词climb组成“climb down（爬下）”。故填down。
27. 句意：他们挤在一起，在寒冷的空气中不停地颤抖。根据上文“……a cold storm suddenly whipped around the top of Mt. Stromboli……”可知，斯特隆博利山峰在遇上寒冷风暴之后，此时空气应是寒冷的，结合提示字母c可知，此空应填形容词cold。故填cold。
28. 句意：火山爆发的雷鸣般的爆炸声和篮球般大的落石使他们保持清醒和恐惧。结合句意以及短语“keep sb./sth. adj.（使某人或某物……）”可知，如此大的爆炸声以及落石会使人精神高度紧张，既无法入睡也感到恐惧，由此可推测爆炸声和落石会使夫妇两保持清醒和恐惧，结合提示字母k可知，此空应填动词keep；又因为遇上风暴被困山上整件事都发生在过去，所以此处也应用一般过去时，谓语动词keep应变成其过去式kept。故填kept。
29. 句意：当太阳升起来的时候，唐娜感到脸上的火山灰渣在燃烧。根据第一段的“……didn’t dare try to climb down the steep slopes in the dark.”以及第二段的“Thundering blasts…… and falling rocks……kept them awake”可知，夫妇两在黑暗中才不敢爬下山，以及爆炸声和落石使得他两不敢入睡都表明此题以前的叙述都是发生在夜晚；再结合提示字母c和横线前的“sun（太阳）”可知，此空应是夜晚结束，太阳升起，所以此空应填动词come，组成短语“come up（升起）”；因为遇上风暴被困山上整件事都发生在过去，所以此处也应用一般过去时，谓语动词come应变成其过去式came。故填came。
30. 句意：对唐娜·奥米拉斯来说，在火山顶上经历可怕的事情很平常。此句作为承上启下的一句应包含总结上文的意味，前两段都在叙述夫妇两在斯特隆博利山峰的一晚上的经历，再结合提示字母e可知，此空应填“经历（experience）”；又根据此句be动词are可知，此处的experience应用其复数形式experiences。故填experiences。
31. 句意：在超过25年的时间里，她和史蒂夫一起拍摄世界各地的火山。并列连词and前后应是相同的两个成分，根据“photograph（动词，拍摄）”可知，连词后也应填和“拍摄”相关的动词，结合提示字母s可知，此空应填动词shoot。故填shoot。
32. 句意：他们希望他们的记录有一天能成为书面和可视化的信息，帮助科学家更好地预测火山爆发。根据“……to better predict volcanic eruption.”可知，为了帮助科学家预测火山爆发，夫妇两拍摄的照片记录应是为科学家提供预测的信息，结合提示字母i可知，此空应填information。故填information。
33. 句意：由于这座火山的侧面很陡峭，奥米拉斯夫妇要在早晨太阳升起之前顺着山坡下山是不可能的。根据“”Since the sides of this volcano are steep……”可知，因为火山侧面太陡峭，所以没有光照而爬下山是不可能的，结合提示字母i可知，此空应填形容词impossible。故填impossible。
34. 句意：所以，在寒冷的夜晚中，他们被困在暗礁上，周围还不断有燃烧的石头落下。根据第二段“falling rocks”可知，石头是落下来的，所以此处燃烧的石头也应是落下（fall）的；因为此空是with引导的介词短语作状语，所以此空应填非谓语，又因“burning rocks”是主动落下的，所以此空应用动词的现在分词形式falling。故填falling。
2
Hurricanes（飓风）are large storms that develop in the seas of the world. They usually get bigger and 35. （强壮的）over warm water, but they become weaker once they get over land. Hurricanes are storms that are given names, and a new list of names is made each year. The first hurricane name starts with the letter A, 36. （像、如同）Ashley, and the names move through the alphabet from A to Z as more hurricanes form.
Hurricane 37. （云）move in a circle around a point called the eye, which is the center of the storm. To be called a hurricane, a storm must have wind speeds of at least seventy-four 38. （英里）per hour. When a hurricane comes, there are heavy rains and large waves. They 39. （引起）great trouble to people. Also, flooding can happen when large waves 40. （碰撞）the beaches. The large waves are the main reason why people have to leave beach towns when a hurricane 41. （到达）. Hurricanes move very slowly though, so people have a 42. （机会）to get out of the way.
The hurricane season usually lasts from 43. （六月）1 to November 30. These large storms sometimes land on coastal areas of the United States. The scientists are studying the weather, and watching these storms very 44. （仔细地）to give a warning to people. And there's still a long way to go.
【答案】
35. stronger
36. as
37. clouds
38. miles
39. cause
40. crash
41. reaches
42. chance
43. June
44. carefully
【解析】本文介绍了飓风的形成过程，命名原则以及飓风的结构。
35. 句意：它们通常在温暖的水中变得更大更强壮。根据中文提示，strong“强壮的”，此空与“bigger”构成并列关系，所以此空填比较级，故填stronger。
36. 句意：第一个飓风的名字以字母A开头，就像Ashley一样，随着更多飓风的形成，名字在字母表中从A移动到Z。根据中文提示，as“像，如同”，介词，故填as。
37. 句意：飓风云围绕着一个叫做风眼的点(风暴的中心)做圆周运动。根据中文提示，cloud“云”，可数名词，根据“move”，可知，此处用复数名词，故填clouds。
38. 句意：要被称为飓风，一场风暴的风速必须至少达到每小时74英里。根据中文提示，mile“英里”，可数名词，seventy-four修饰复数名词，故填miles。
39. 句意：它们给人们带来很大的麻烦。根据中文提示，cause“引起”，句子是一般现在时，主语“they”是复数，动词用原形，故填cause。
40. 句意：此外，当巨浪冲击海滩时，可能会发生洪水。根据中文提示，crash“碰撞”，句子是一般现在时，主语“waves”是复数，动词用原形，故填crash。
41. 句意：巨浪是飓风到来时人们不得不离开海滨城镇的主要原因。根据中文提示，用及物动词reach表示“到达”，句子是一般现在时，主语“a hurricane”是单数，动词用三单形式，故填reaches。
42. 句意：不过飓风移动非常缓慢，所以人们有机会避开。根据中文提示，chance“机会”；have a chance to do sth“有做某事的机会”，故填chance。
43. 句意：飓风季节通常从6月1日持续到11月30日。根据中文提示，June“六月”，故填June。
44. 句意：科学家们正在研究天气，仔细观察这些风暴，给人们一个警告。根据中文提示，carefully“仔细地”，修饰动词“watching”，故填carefully。