人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures巩固练习

Using Language　

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

After living, studying and traveling in Rome for over nine months, I finally flew back “across the pond” to America.While the reunion with my friends and family was unbelievable, I began to feel the so­called “reverse (反向的) culture shock”．

Before experiencing any psychological distress (忧虑) upon re­entry, I noticed all of the obvious physical and cultural differences between Italy and Indiana — one of which occurred in Walmart.As I walked down the seemingly endless aisles, I was confused.When I finally found the cream cheese, I just stopped and stared.“Is it really necessary to sell over ten different flavors of the same product？” I thought.I immediately recalled the small grocery store, Carrefour, a block away from the Rome Global Gateway.While the store was small compared to Walmart, it still sold everything I ever wanted.It seemed that Walmart is a perfect example of over­indulgence (放纵) and materialism, two known negative qualities of American culture.

Because I struggled to communicate with the locals of Rome, who spoke very little English, I was unexpectedly pleased to have the ability to talk to anyone once again.Personally, I have never been the type to strike up conversation with strangers, yet I found myself enjoying conversation with others I hadn't met before in public.It feels good to no longer be the “outsider” walking on eggshells so as not to offend anyone or say something with the wrong accent or incorrect grammar.

While attending a Student Safety Summit for Notre Dame students traveling abroad, one of the speakers noted that living in a foreign country will “change you in ways you can't even imagine yet”， including the way you interact with others, how you dress, what you eat, and how you perceive (感知) the world.Before living abroad, I thought to myself that nothing could influence my sense of identity, let alone the way I dress! However, those words have stuck with me, and I believe the speaker was right!

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“逆向文化冲击”(Reverse culture shock)是指一个人在国外生活很长时间，再次回到祖国之后出现一些不适应的现象，如焦虑、烦躁甚至抑郁的情绪。作者向我们讲述自己对这一现象的切身感受。

1．What puzzled the author at Walmart?

A．It was not selling a common product.

B．Its cream cheese had a terrible flavor.

C．It was located very close to its competitor.

D．It was unnecessarily rich in product varieties.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Is it really necessary to sell over ten different flavors of the same product？可知，美国的沃尔玛商场里奶油奶酪有很多种风味，作者认为完全没有必要。故选D。

2．According to Paragraph 2, what's the author's attitude towards American culture?

A．Proud.　　　　　　 B．Curious.

C．Unsupportive.    D．Uninterested.

解析：选C　观点态度题。 根据第二段最后两句While the store was small compared to Walmart, it still sold everything I ever wanted.It seemed that Walmart is a perfect example of over­indulgence (放纵) and materialism, two known negative qualities of American culture.可知，作者并不支持美国文化中的过度消费和物质享受主义。故选C。

3．Before coming to Rome, the author was used to        ．

A．speaking with an accent

B．not talking to strangers

C．keeping his identity secret

D．correcting others' grammar

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I have never been the type to strike up conversation with strangers可知，去罗马之前，作者总是避免主动同陌生人谈话。故选B。

4．What is the best title for the text?

A．How to Prepare for Culture Shock

B．Keeping Your Identity During Travel

C．Dealing with Reverse Culture Shock

D．How to Follow Foreign Customs as You Travel

解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读文章，尤其是根据第一段中的I began to feel the so­called “reverse (反向的) culture shock ”可知，本文作者主要讲述了自己在国外生活回国后遇到的逆向文化冲击，故选C。

B

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care­givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。

5．What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A．It implies anger.    B．It promotes friendship.

C．It is culture­specific.    D．It is content­based.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章首段首句The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.可知，作者认为沉默是有文化特性的。

6．Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A．The Chinese.    B．The French.

C．The Mexicans.    D．The Russians.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的what maybe implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing及just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do可知中国人认为谈话时人们的沉默是在思考谈话内容。

7．What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A．Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B．Break it while treating patients.

C．Evaluate its harm to patients.

D．Make use of its healing effects.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据末段末句A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients 可知，作者建议护士要利用沉默的好处来护理病人。故选D。

8．What may be the best title for the text?

A．Sound and Silence

B．What It Means to Be Silent

C．Silence to Native Americans

D．Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

解析：选B　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下沉默的不同含义，由此判断B选项可以概括文章内容。故选B。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Study Abroad

Every year, thousands of students choose to study abroad for the summer, six months, a year or longer.Here are some things you need to know before you make such a decision.

Why do it?

Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land.You will see the world in a new way.  1   Many companies today want employees who speak a second language or who have experienced living or working in another country.

Making the right choice

To choose the right country or school, ask yourself these questions：  2   Do I want to live with a host family, with roommates, or alone？How much do I want to pay?

  3 

Get your passport and visa early! Before you go, learn as much of the language as you can, and read about the customs of your host country.Also, talk with people who have experience studying abroad.Call the school to make sure someone can meet you when you get there.

Once you are there

After the first few weeks it's usual to feel a little homesick.  4   Just be open to meeting new people and having new experiences.Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place with new customs.Talk to your new friends and write about your feelings.  5 

A．Getting ready to go

B．Improving your language skills.

C．You'll miss your family and friends.

D．How long do I want to study abroad?

E．Make a phone call to the “study abroad” office.

F．Always keep an open mind and you will succeed.

G．Studying abroad is also excellent training for the working world.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如今很多学生选择出国学习，文章主要讲述决定出国前需要知道的事情。

1．选G　此题设空在段落中间，根据本段首句Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land.可知，本段是在谈论关于出国的好处，结合空后一句“如今很多公司想要会说第二种语言或者在另一个国家体验过生活或者工作的员工”可知，G项(出国学习对于职场也是很好的培训)切题，是讲述出国对工作方面的好处。

2．选D　此题设空在段落中间，根据空格前面的ask yourself these questions可知，空格处应该和空格后一样是问句，所以D项(我想在国外学习多长时间？)切题。

3．选A　此题设空为段落小标题。根据下文Get your passport and visa early! Before you go, learn as much of the language as you can, and read about the customs of your host country ...等内容可知，此段讲的是出国前的准备事项，所以A项(做好准备工作)切题，故选A项。

4．选C　此题设空在段落中间，根据空格前面的feel a little homesick可知C项(你会思念家人和朋友)切题，故选C项。

5．选F　此题设空在文章末尾，结合空前“保持开放的心态去遇见新的人和拥有新的经历。记住适应有新风俗的新地方需要花费时间。和你的新朋友谈论，写下你的感受”可知，此段谈论如何适应新环境，让自己保持一种开放的状态，这样才会让自己沉淀下来完成学业，否则是不会成功的，所以F项(一直保持开放的心态，你就会成功的)切题。

Ⅲ.应用文写作

假定你是李华，是一名曾经在海外留学的学生，你的朋友李蕾即将出国学习，来信请教。请你根据下列要点写一封回信。

1．最好寄宿在房东家里；

2．要做一名自主学习者；

3．要平衡好学习和社交活动。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2．包括所有要点，不能逐条翻译；

3．开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Li Lei，

I'm glad to receive your letter asking for some advice on studying abroad.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Best wishes!

Yours，

Li Hua

参考范文：

Dear Li Lei，

I'm glad to receive your letter asking for some advice on studying abroad.As far as studying abroad is concerned, the following is highly recommended to you.First，live with a host family.Every foreign student acknowledges missing his family, but it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.Second，try to be an autonomous learner.You should adjust yourself to the new academic requirements of a western university.You may even contradict the teachers with abundant evidence.Third，balance your study and social activities.While occupied in learning, it's important to join a few clubs and make some new friends.

Best wishes!

Yours，

Li Hua