2020-2021学年Unit 5 First Aid一课一练

这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 5 First Aid一课一练，共8页。

A
Can yu imagine that yu can save yur wn life during a heart attack by cughing? Let's see hw ...
A heart attack can happen t anyne. Let's say it's 4：17 pm and yu're driving hme (alne f curse) after an unusually hard day n the jb. Nt nly was the wrklad extremely heavy, but yu als had a disagreement with yur bss, and n matter hw hard yu tried, he just wuldn't see yur side f the situatin. Yu're really upset and the mre yu think abut it, the mre nervus yu becme.
All f a sudden yu start experiencing severe pain in yur chest that starts t spread ut int yur arm and up t yur jaw (下巴).Yu are nly abut five miles frm the hspital nearest yur hme, but unfrtunately yu dn't knw if yu'll be able t make it that far.
What can yu d? Yu've been trained in CPR but the guy wh taught the curse didn't tell yu hw t perfrm it n yurself.
Since many peple are alne when they suffer a heart attack, this article seems in rder. Withut help the persn whse heart stps beating prperly and wh begins t feel faint (眩晕的) has nly abut 10 secnds left befre lsing cnsciusness. Hwever, these victims can help themselves by cughing repeatedly and very pwerfully. A deep breath shuld be taken befre each cugh, and the cugh must be deep and last lng, as when prducing sputum (痰) frm deep inside the chest. A breath and a cugh must be repeated abut every tw secnds withut stpping until help arrives, r until the heart feels t be beating nrmally again. Deep breaths get xygen int the lungs (肺) and cughing mvements squeeze the heart and keep the bld circulating.
The squeezing pressure n the heart als helps it regain nrmal rhythm. In this way, heart attack victims can get t a phne and, between breaths, call fr help.
Nw, d yu understand the whle matter? Tell as many ther peple as pssible abut this. It culd save their lives!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在心脏病发作时如何利用咳嗽自救。
1．Accrding t the passage, CPR is mst prbably smething dne t .
A．regain smene's breath and heart beat
B．help smene treat a heart attack by himself
C．teach peple hw t stay in gd state
D．train peple hw t stay calm when facing dangers
解析：选A 推理判断题。由文章和常识可知，心脏病发作时会呼吸困难，心跳可能会停止，再结合第四段中的Yu've been trained in CPR but the guy wh taught the curse didn't tell yu hw t perfrm it n yurself.可以推测CPR是帮助患者重获呼吸和心跳的急救措施。
2．Accrding t Paragraph 5, cughing during a heart attack helps .
A．t relax the heart
B．t get xygen int the lungs
C．t keep the bld circulating
D．t reduce the pain in the chest
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第五段最后一句中的cughing mvements squeeze the heart and keep the bld circulating可知C项正确。
3．We can learn frm the passage that .
A．a lng day's wrk usually results in heart attacks
B．nt nly the chest aches when ne suffers a heart attack
C．peple shuld attend a CPR curse t survive heart attacks
D．ne shuld cugh ludly immediately when ne's chest aches
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第三段中的All f a sudden yu start experiencing severe pain in yur chest that starts t spread ut int yur arm and up t yur jaw(下巴).可知，心脏病发作时除胸口会痛外，手臂和下巴也会痛。
4．In which sectin f a newspaper can yu read this passage?
A．Health Care. B．Advertisement.
C．Family. D．Teaching.
解析：选A 文章出处题。本文介绍的是医学常识，由此可以推断其应出现在医疗保健的版面上。
B
Imagine this: Yu're bleeding. Nthing seems t make it stp. Then yu apply a gel t yur wund, and the bld stps cming ut within secnds. Yu're healed in minutes. This is the VetiGel, created by Je Landlina — a 22­year­ld wh invented the prduct many years ag.
Landlina is nw the funder and CEO f Suneris, a cmpany that prduces the gel. Suneris annunced last week that it wuld begin t ship VetiGel t vets later this summer. Humans wn't be far behind.
When injected int a wund site, the gel can frm a clt within 12 secnds and heal the wund within minutes. Once it hits the damaged tissue, whether it's pen skin r a sft rgan—livers, kidneys—the gel instantly frms a structure. “What that means, n the ne hand, is that the gel will make a structure that hlds the wund tgether，” Landlina says.
As fast­acting as VetiGel is, its inventr may be faster. Landlina invented an early versin f the gel ut f his grandfather's lab. He was still in high schl. Over the next fur and a half years, Landlina turned the prttype int a business. The first prduct csts ＄150. Landlina says Suneris has its sights set n US first, fllwed by a release in Eurpe and Asia smetime early next year.
A few years dwn the line, Landlina says, the gal will be t expand ut f vet ffices t help treat members f ur wn species. He frecasts receiving FDA apprval within the year fr testing n human wunds. If all ges accrding t plan, VetiGel will first help military persnnel and EMTs treat injuries. Then it will enter perating rms and, finally, individual hmes.
Landlina says Suneris has yet t bserve any negative side effects f VetiGel. The cmpany hlds weekly meetings with vets t ensure the prduct meets their needs.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位叫作Je Landlina的少年，发明了一种止血凝胶。
5．Why des the writer use the underlined sentences?
A．T tell the readers hw t stp the bleeding.
B．T aruse the readers' interest in the tpic.
C．T shw what is the best way t heal wund.
D．T tell the readers hw t avid injuries.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据句意可知，作者用画线句子是为了让读者设身处地地想自己流血的情况，从而引起读者对这个话题的兴趣。
6．What will the VetiGel be first used t treat?
A．Vets. B．Humans.
C．Animals. D．Students.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Suneris annunced last week that it wuld begin t ship VetiGel t vets later this summer. Humans wn't be far behind.可知，让兽医先在动物身上试用该药品。
7．What made the VetiGel stp bleeding?
A．The sft rgan. B．The damaged tissue.
C．The wund. D．The clt.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句When injected int a wund site, the gel can frm a clt within 12 secnds and heal the wund within minutes.可知，是药在伤口上形成一个凝块也就是clt才帮助止血。
8．If the medicine enters individual hmes, it must ．
A．get the permissin frm FDA
B．have sme negative side effects
C．meet needs f sme cmpanies
D．expand ut f the hspitals
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句He frecasts receiving FDA apprval within the year fr testing n human wunds.可知，得到FDA(食品药品监督管理局)的认证才能在人类身上使用。
C
Abut 20 years ag, I tk a jb in a small hspital's emergency department. N ne wanted t wrk n New Year's Eve, s the shift (轮班) went t me. I kissed my family gdbye and went ff t spend the night in the hspital. It was a thankless jb.
At 9 pm, the ambulance brught in a man in his 60s wh was having a heart attack. His face was pale, and he was frightened. The whle night I did my best t save his life. Befre I left in the mrning t spend New Year with my family, I stpped by t see hw he was ding. It was still tugh, but he had survived the night and was sleeping.
The fllwing year I gt New Year's Eve duty again. At 9 pm sharp, the ward clerk tld me there was a cuple wh wanted t speak with me. When I apprached them, the man intrduced himself as Mr Lee and said, “Yu prbably dn't remember me, but last New Year's Eve yu saved my life. Thank yu fr the year yu gave me.” He and his wife hugged me, handed me a small gift, and left.
The fllwing year a new dctr had jined the grup, but I wanted t see if Mr and Mrs Lee wuld return. This time, I vlunteered fr the shift. I kept an eye n the dr. Once again, at exactly 9 pm, the Lees appeared, carrying a warmly wrapped bundle. It was their new grandchild. Mr Lee, his family and I spent 13 New Year's Eves tgether. In the later years the staff all knew abut the stry and wuld wrk t give me time with him in the break rm, where we spent a half­hur each New Year's Eve.
The last year I saw him, he brught me a gift. I carefully pened the package and fund a crystal (水晶) bell inside. It was engraved (镌刻) with a single wrd: Friendship. Nw, my family, friends and I ring that bell every New Year's Eve at exactly 9 pm and ffer ur best wishes t the man wh we wn't frget.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了多年前，作者在除夕夜挽救了一位因心脏病发作而生命垂危的病人的生命的故事，向人们展示了一段令人难忘的友谊。
9．Why was wrking n New Year's Eve cnsidered “a thankless jb”？
A．Mst patients were seriusly ill.
B．Patients refused t express thanks.
C．Dctrs had nthing t d n that day.
D．Dctrs culdn't get praise fr the hard jb.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章所叙述并且结合实际，可推知在除夕夜值班是一件出力不讨好的工作，所以选D项。
10．Hw was Mr Lee when the authr left the hspital the next mrning?
A．He was really angry with her.
B．He was still in a state f danger.
C．He gt ready t leave the hspital.
D．He recvered frm his heart attack.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的It was still tugh, but he had survived the night and was sleeping.可知， Mr Lee的情况还是不乐观的，所以选B项。
11．Accrding t the passage, the authr frmed a habit f .
A．celebrating New Year's Eve with her family
B．giving New Year gifts t the hspital staff
C．spending New Year's Eve with Mr Lee in the hspital
D．ringing the bell fr patients in the emergency
department
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的Mr Lee, his family and I spent 13 New Year's Eves tgether.可知，13年来，作者与李先生一家都在医院庆祝新年的到来，这都成为一种习惯了，所以选C项。
12．Why des the authr ring the bell n New Year's Eve?
A．T hnr her wrking experience.
B．T tell kids the traditinal custm.
C．T shw the beginning f the hliday.
D．T remember an ld friend f hers.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的Nw, my family, friends and I ring that bell every New Year's Eve at exactly 9 pm and ffer ur best wishes t the man wh we wn't frget.可知，他们敲那个钟是为了纪念Mr Lee，所以选D项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Mst peple actually d nt knw hw t d basic first aid n mild burns. It is nrmally taken fr granted that saking (浸泡) the burn with water is the way t g. 1
Once the burn appears yu will surely feel much pain n the actual burnt skin. Technically, this is the time t stay calm. 2 Finding a surce f running water is recmmended. Hwever, if there is nne, any surce will d. If there is running water, simply place the burnt area under it and allw it t sak in the water fr abut 5 t 10 minutes. 3 If yu have access t ice r a cld cmpress (冷敷布), yu can use that as well. Yu can place the ice r cld cmpress n the affected area and leave it there abut 15 t 30 minutes. The ice will numb the pain and will als stp mre injuries n the skin.
After saking in water r cling the area with ice, remve frm the water surce and allw the misture t dry naturally. Yu may als cnsider patting it dry with a twel r napkin; hwever, this culd damage the burnt skin even mre. 4
As sn as the area dries cmpletely, get a bandage r a strip f clth. 5 This will prtect that area frm infectin caused by utside dirt and dust getting int the pen burn.
A．It is best t dry it naturally instead.
B．Call a dctr may as well help in mst burn cases.
C．Wrap it arund the burn t cver the pen area f skin.
D．The first thing yu need t d is find a clean water surce.
E．The truth is that saking is the last thing t d t deal with mild burns.
F．This will relieve sme f the pain, cl dwn the skin, and stp additinal burning.
G．The thing is that treating a mild burn ges mre than just saking the affected part in water.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何正确处理轻微的烧伤。
1．选G 上文提到It is nrmally taken fr granted that saking (浸泡) the burn with water is the way t g (人们想当然地认为把烧伤处用水浸泡是正确的方法).再结合下文提到的处理步骤可知G项(问题是处理轻微的烧伤不仅仅是把受伤的部分浸泡在水中)符合语境，与上下文衔接。
2．选D 下文提到Finding a surce f running water is recmmended(建议寻找流动水源).故D项(你要做的第一件事是找到清洁的水源)能够引出下文，切题。故选D。
3．选F 上文提到If there is running water, simply place the burnt area under it and allw it t sak in the water fr abut 5 t 10 minutes (如果有流动的水，把烧伤的地方放在水下冲洗，在水中浸泡5到10分钟).F项(这会减轻痛苦、冷却皮肤、防止烧伤加重)说明这么做的好处，切题。
4．选A 上文提到Yu may als cnsider patting it dry with a twel r napkin; hwever, this culd damage the burnt skin even mre (你也可以考虑用毛巾或餐巾把它擦干，然而，这可能会对烧伤的皮肤造成更大的伤害).故A项(最好的方法是自然干燥)切题。
5．选C 上文提到As sn as the area dries cmpletely, get a bandage r a strip f clth (一旦皮肤完全干燥，就找块绷带或布条).C项(将其包裹在烧伤处，以覆盖皮肤的开放区域)与上文衔接，切题。