高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 First Aid一课一练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 First Aid一课一练，共9页。

A
D yu knw a child wh has used first aid t save a life r help an injured persn?
St. Jhn Ambulance is seeking yung peple wh have acted quickly, calmly and effectively at a real emergency fr its annual Yung First Aider f the Year awards.
The awards are pen t all thse under 18, and the clsing date fr nminatin (提名) is 30 April 2020.The winners will be invited t attend a special ceremny in June 2020.
“St. Jhn Ambulance believes it is essential fr yung peple t learn first aid s that they can help anyne wh is injured，” said Sandra Stcker, directr f St. Jhn Ambulance Awards Cmmittee. “The Yung First Aider f the Year is a wnderful way t celebrate their bravery and quick­thinking.”
Nminatin fr the Yung First Aider f the Year is nw pen. Please cmplete and return the nminatin frms as sn as pssible and certainly n later than 30 April 2020.The cmmittee will decide which f the nminees will receive the Yung First Aider f the Year awards by cnsidering the actins f the nminees alng with their ages and ther factrs. Yu shuld send any evidence yu have with the nminatin frm, shwing the nminees' actins.
Examples f evidence culd include：
◆ Newspaper clippings (剪报) f the incident.
◆ Plice incident recrd numbers.
Once a nminatin frm is received, the nminee r nminatr may be apprached fr further details f the incident. Fr further infrmatin please get in tuch with Sandra Stcker by email r n 020­73244082 r 020­73244083.
Find ut wh ur winners will be fr 2020.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了年度年轻急救员奖的提名条件、截止日期等信息。
1．What des the passage intend t tell the readers?
A．Yung peple shuld learn first aid t help the injured.
B．Learning first aid can help yung peple win an award.
C．The injured are encuraged t act quickly and calmly.
D．St. Jhn Ambulance makes prfit by training first aiders.
解析：选A 写作目的题。根据文章的第一句可看出，作者写这篇文章的目的是强调年轻人应该学一些急救知识来帮助有需要的人。故选A。
2．If yu suggest smene fr the awards, yu shuld .
A．attend the awards ceremny
B．make a speech intrducing yurself
C．prvide the details f the incident
D．have a gd knwledge abut first aid
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的最后一句可知，如果想要提名某人的话，需要提供这个人实施急救的详细信息，故选C。
3．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．Demand fr First Aiders
B．Imprtance f First Aid
C．St. Jhn Ambulance Awards
D．Yung First Aider f the Year
解析：选D 标题归纳题。本文鼓励读者们提名年度最佳实施急救的年轻人，同时也呼吁年轻人应该学一些急救知识来帮助有需要的人，故D项最适合作文章题目。
B
A drug used t treat severe bleeding culd save thusands f lives fr mthers giving birth. A glbal study f the drug fund it reduced the risk f bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly ne­third. The study was carried ut by Lndn's Schl f Hygiene and Trpical Medicine. The drug is called tranexamic acid (氨甲环酸). It is lw­cst and researchers said it des nt cause serius side effects fr mthers r babies.
The drug was first develped by Japanese scientists in the 1960s, but n lng­term studies f it were cmpleted until nw. The drug is used t treat mthers fr severe bleeding during childbirth. Pstpartum hemrrhage (产后出血) is the leading cause f the death f puerperae wrldwide, accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin. Mre than 100，000 wmen die f pstpartum hemrrhage each year.
Haleema Shakur is the prject directr fr the study. “It's ne f the biggest killers f mthers. In Africa and Asia, abut 10 percent f wmen will end up with severe bleeding.” The drug wrks by stpping bld clts (血凝块) frm breaking dwn after a mther gives birth. The treatment can prevent the need fr dctrs t perfrm surgery t find the pint f bleeding.
Shakur said the best results were reprted when the drug was given t wmen as sn as pssible after childbirth. “The earlier yu give it — s within the first three hurs f giving birth — the better the effect is. Overall we saw a 20 percent reductin in death due t bleeding, whereas in wmen wh received the treatment within the first three hurs, it was 30 percent.”
The next step will be t get the drug where it is needed and prvide training fr dctrs and nurses n hw t use it. During the study, wmen were given the drug in a hspital. But researchers are lking fr easier ways t cntrl the drug s it can be mre widely used in small clinics and rural areas.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为氨甲环酸的药物。这种药物有特殊的止血功能，能够有效降低产妇因生产过程中的严重出血而丧命的可能性。
4．What can we knw abut the drug frm the first paragraph?
A．It is nt expensive.
B．It can be used fr babies.
C．It causes n side effects.
D．It can avid bleeding deaths during childbirth.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句It is lw­cst and researchers said it des nt cause serius side effects fr mthers r babies.可知，这种药物不贵。
5．What's the meaning f the underlined wrd “puerperae” in Paragraph 2?
A．Wmen in childbirth.
B．Wmen wh have babies.
C．Wmen in extreme danger.
D．Wmen wh are bleeding during childbirth.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文The drug is used t treat mthers fr severe bleeding during childbirth.及下文Mre than 100，000 wmen die f pstpartum hemrrhage each year.可知，这种药物被用来治疗分娩过程中严重出血的母亲们。每年有超过10万的女性死于产后出血。由此可猜测，产后出血是导致产妇死亡的主要原因。画线词的含义是“产妇”。
6．It can be inferred that the drug ．
A．was recently invented by Japanese scientists
B．helps dctrs quickly find the bleeding pint
C．helps remve bld clts after a mther gives birth
D．avids the necessity f ding a surgery t stp bleeding
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句The treatment can prevent the need fr dctrs t perfrm surgery t find the pint f bleeding.可知，这种治疗方法(用氨甲环酸治疗)能够防止需要医生做手术寻找出血点的情况。由此可知，这种药物免去了做手术止血的必要。
7．What will researchers prbably d next?
A．Let mre peple knw the drug.
B．Teach medical wrkers t use the drug.
C．Knw hw much the drug is needed.
D．Put the drug int use in real hspitals.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句The next step will be t get the drug where it is needed and prvide training fr dctrs and nurses n hw t use it.可知，下一步将会是把药物应用到需要它的地方，以及培训医生和护士如何使用它。由此可知，研究人员接下来可能要做的是教医护人员使用这种药物。
Ⅱ.完形填空
First aid is emergency care fr a victim f sudden illness r injury until mre skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life r imprve certain vital signs including a pulse, temperature, an unbstructed (畅通无阻的) airway, and breathing. In 1 emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's cnditin frm wrsening and prvide relief frm 2 ．First aid must be perfrmed as 3 as pssible. In the case f the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between cmplete recvery and lss f life.
First­aid measures 4 a victim's needs and the prvider's level f knwledge and skill. Knwing what nt t d in an emergency is as 5 as knwing what t d. Imprperly mving a persn with a neck injury, fr example, can 6 permanent spinal injury and paralysis.
Despite the variety f pssible injuries, several principles f first aid 7 t all emergencies. The first step is t call fr prfessinal medical help. The victim, if 8 ， shuld be reassured that medical aid has been 9 ， and asked fr permissin t prvide any first aid. Next, 10 the scene, asking ther peple r the injured persn's family r friends abut details f the injury r illness, any care that may have already been 11 ， and preexisting (早先存在的)cnditins such as diabetes r heart truble. The victim shuld be 12 fr medical bracelet r card that describes special medical cnditins. Unless the accident scene becmes unsafe r the victim may suffer further injury, d nt 13 the victim.
Once bvius injuries have been evaluated, the injured persn's 14 shuld be kept in a neutral psitin in line with the bdy. If n 15 exists t suggest ptential skull (颅骨) r spinal injury, place the injured persn in a cmfrtable psitin. Psitined n ne side, a victim can vmit withut chking r bstructing the airway.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了急救的重要性，并详细地介绍了一些急救方面的知识。
1．A.minr B．severe
C．unique D．certain
解析：选A 根据空格后面的first aid may prevent a victim's cnditin frm wrsening可知，急救可以阻止受害者的状况变得更加严重，也与下文In the case f the critically injured中的critically形成对比，因此此处应该是相对来说受伤不太严重的紧急情况下。
2．A.pressure B．pain
C．guilty D．injury
解析：选B 由前面的prvide relief frm可知，急救可缓解受伤者的痛苦。
3．A.carefully B．crrectly
C．mildly D．quickly
解析：选D 根据下文a few minutes can make the difference可知，此处表示急救应该尽快进行。
4．A.depend upn B．cntribute t
C．cnsist f D．apprve f
解析：选A 根据前面的Firstaid measures和后面的a victim's needs and the prvider's level f knwledge and skill可知，急救的措施，取决于受害人的需要和提供急救者的知识技能水平。
5．A.temprary B．basic
C．imprtant D．frtunate
解析：选C 结合下文的Imprperly mving ... and paralysis.可知，此处表示知道在紧急情况下不该做什么与知道做什么同等重要。
6．A.result frm B．suffer frm
C．take n D．lead t
解析：选D 由空格前面的Imprperly mving a persn with a neck injury和后面的permanent spinal injury and paralysis可知，错误的急救措施会导致永久性的脊椎损伤或者瘫痪。
7．A.apply B．refer
C．turn D．respnd
解析：选A 根据本句句首的Despite和空格前面的several principles f first aid和后面的all emergencies可知，几个急救原则适用于所有的紧急情况。
8．A.cnsiderate B．cnscius
C．painful D．skeptical
解析：选B 结合语境可知，如果这个受害者还有意识的话，应该让他放心。
9．A.needed B．selected
C．requested D．refused
解析：选C 此处与前面的call fr prfessinal medical help呼应，指告诉他已经请求了医疗救助。
10．A.examine B．enjy
C．prtect D．judge
解析：选D 由后面的asking ther peple r the injured persn's family r friends abut details f the injury r illness (问问其他人或者受伤人的家人或者朋友关于受伤或患病的详细情况)可知，此处表示要评估现场。
11．A.asked B．given
C．limited D．permitted
解析：选B 由空格前面的any care that may have already可知，要了解已经给予的照顾。
12．A.recrded B．measured
C．checked D．bserved
解析：选C 结合空格前面的The victim和后面的fr medical bracelet r card that describes special medical cnditins可知，此处表示应该核对受害者的描述特殊医学状况的医疗手镯或者卡片。
13．A.mve B．save
C．tuch D．defend
解析：选A 此处指除了一些特殊情况外，不要移动受害者。
14．A.leg B．head
C．arm D．face
解析：选B 结合后面的be kept in a neutral psitin in line with the bdy可知，要使受害者的头部位于中间，和身体保持在一条直线上。
15．A.analysis B．explanatin
C．experience D．evidence
解析：选D 根据语境可知，此处表示如果没有证据表明(受伤者有)潜在的颅骨或脊椎伤害。
Ⅲ.语法填空
CPR is an effective frm f first aid 1 (give) t the victim whse heart stps.
Ding it can increase the chance f the victim's 2 (survive). S knwing CPR can be a real lifesaver.
Hw t give CPR? There are 3 (simple) three steps. Firstly, rll the victim nt his back and d chest cmpressin (按压). 4 this way, it keeps bld flwing t the brain, heart and ther rgans. T perfrm the cmpressin, place ne hand ver 5 ther and press firmly n the victim's chest many times in a rw, 6 (push) at least 2 inches deep n every cmpressin. Then after cmpressins 7 (cmplete), check the airway 8 (see) whether the persn is breathing. If nt, perfrm muth­t­muth, 9 helps t mve the xygen dwn int the victim's lungs. And chest cmpressin shuld start again right after tw breaths are given.
Learn CPR, fr yu never knw when yu might need 10 . And it feels gd t knw that yu culd help in case f emergency.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何实施CPR(心肺复苏)。
1．given 考查非谓语动词。该句有系动词is，故设空处应使用非谓语动词，give与其逻辑主语an effective frm f first aid是动宾关系，故使用过去分词，此处相当于定语从句which is given t the victim。故填given。
2．survival 考查词性转换。the victim's后应接名词，故填survival。
3．simply 考查词性转换。设空处修饰系动词are，应使用副词，故填simply。
4．In 考查介词。in this way为固定短语，意为“通过这种方式”。故填In。
5．the 考查冠词。人共有两只手，一只用ne，两个中的另一个则用the ther。故填the。
6．pushing 考查非谓语动词。该句已有谓语动词，故考虑非谓语动词形式，又因push与谓语动词表示的动作几乎同时发生，且与逻辑主语即省略的yu构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故使用现在分词，作伴随状语，相当于and push。故填pushing。
7．are/have been cmpleted 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。after引导时间状语从句，从句中缺少谓语，且因cmplete与主语cmpressins构成动宾关系，且主语为复数，又结合上下文可知，应用一般现在时，故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are cmpleted。又因该动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前，故也可以使用have been cmpleted。
8．t see 考查非谓语动词。该句谓语动词为check，故此处考虑用非谓语动词，根据下文“看看这个人是否在呼吸”可知，此处表达的是目的，故使用不定式作目的状语。故填t see。
9．which 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词muth­t­muth指物，故填which。
10．it 考查代词。need后缺少宾语，根据句意可知，此处指的是CPR(心肺复苏)，为避免
重复，可使用代词来代替。故填it。