2020-2021学年Unit 6 Disaster and hope一课一练

这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 6 Disaster and hope一课一练，共7页。
Unit 6　Disaster and hope【基础训练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．[2020·全国Ⅰ卷] We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that ________ (occur) billions of years ago.2．[2020·江苏卷]In looking into the ________ (story) of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists，usually brilliant, occasionally half­mad, who made the discoveries.3．[2020·浙江卷]At that very moment, the helicopter arrived. Seeing Elli and me nearly beaten by the bear, the ________ (rescue) told me to spray him in his eyes using pepper spray in a loud voice.4．[2019·江苏卷]Wildlife has been greatly ________ (threat) in the modern age.5．We are ________ (expect) to take part in the Provincial contest next month.6．The police set off to search for the lost boy ________ (immediate) they got the call.7．Attention please，everyone！I have a very important ________ (announce) to make.8．We are looking for someone who is ________ (rely) and hard­working.9．________ never occurred to me that he would fail in the exam.Ⅱ.连词成句compared to， after all， next to， what's more， most importantly， pick up， make it，  make sure， stay away from， otherwise1．________ the apple under the tree，I found a worm eating inside it.2．Treat the boy patiently. ________，he is just a student in Grade 1.3．________ the result，the process where we have been working matters more.4．He drove to the airport to pick us up. ________，he took warm lunch for us.5．Keep yourself active. ________，build up your body and meanwhile，your mind.6．Although it was late into the night，he ________ to the subway station to pick me up.7．I really hope the man ________ me could stop playing his cellphone game.8．You should ________ you have closed the door before you leave.9．You must ________ fire. It's very dangerous.10．He must work really hard，________，he will soon be abandoned by his company and his fans.Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The temperature in London 1.________ (expect) to reach 30 plus degrees！You may find the newspapers 2.________ the title “Hot！Hot！Hot！”．The Central Line is one of the oldest 3.________ (line) and one of the 4.________ (deep). Going down the stairs and onto the platform makes you hard to breathe and it is nothing，5.________ (compare) to the train.Some of the passengers in it feel 6.________ bit sick and they hope they can make 7.________ to their destination soon. Each summer in London definitely seems 8.________ (hot) than the last. Perhaps it is time 9.________ (start) planning for the future. Fortunately，if you step out of the station，you 10.________ (feel) a fresh wind on your face.【能力提升】Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2021·郑州高三质量预测]Time magazine listed its top inventions of 2019, some of which will surely become a big part of our everyday lives over the next decade. Here are some we're most looking forward to.●Virtual surgeryAccording to Harvard Business Review, our current system of training surgeons can't keep up with the speed of technological development. “Even after 4 years of college, 4 years of medical school and 5 years of advanced training after working, 30% of graduates still can't operate on their own，” said Justin Barad, who is the CEO and co­founder of Osso VR.They create software to give doctors the virtual operating room experience so they can practice and prepare for surgery. Apparently, it works. Dr. Gideon Blumstein conducted a study on using Osso VR. His team found that participants' overall surgical performance improved by an astonishing 230% over traditional training methods.●Vending veggies (出售素食)“Eat happier.” That's the Farmer's Fridge advertising message. It is a good one, as this company wants to bring fresh, healthy food to people.It's trying to change more than just food, though. It also wants to change the delivery method. Farmer's Fridge has created its very own automatic machines. They can be placed in high­traffic areas. These super­smart vending machines can know their contents at any moment, and can allow customers to reserve things and pay in advance. They can even learn about what customers want. Shayna Harris is the company's Chief Growth Officer. “We have developed salads, sandwiches and breakfast items that taste as fresh as if you just made them in your home kitchen，” she said in an interview with Insider Trends.●Recycling pollutionWhen we write with black ink, we're writing with soot(烟灰)—a powder made by burning coal or oil. Cars are machines that produce soot. To collect the soot, Anirudh Sharma, creator of AIR­INK, made a device called Kaalink, which is attached to a vehicle's exhaust pipe (排气管). Once collected, it's made into ink color and mixed with vegetable oil to create inks, markers and paints with the brand AIR­INK.“I don't know if it's pollution, but the quality of the ink is really special，” said artist Kristopher Ho. “It's black, really thick and dries extremely quickly.”The Guardian describes AIR­INK as “remarkably green”. Each 30­milliliter pen contains between 40­50 minutes of air pollution, while each 6­liter spray can hold 2,000 minutes of diesel exhaust (柴油废气). In the past year, Sharma said, his team has cleaned nearly 1.7 trillion liters of air in India and Hong Kong.1．What can be known about Osso VR?A．It is an assistant to help surgeons do operations.B．It can perform operations on patients automatically.C．It offers doctors a virtual environment to practice surgery.D．It is a piece of software to help medical students do research.2．What makes Farmer's Fridge different and special?A．Why its advertisement works.B．What its vending machines sell.C．How its vending machines operate.D．Where its vending machines serve.3．What attitude does Kristopher Ho hold towards AIR­INK?A．Doubtful.　　　　　　　  B．Casual.C．Disapproving.  D．Positive.4．What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A．To encourage scientists to make technological inventions.B．To tell readers some of the latest inventions in technology.C．To call on people to keep up with technological development.D．To raise everyone's awareness of the environmental protection.B[2021·山东泰安模拟]We know that reading is good for children. Now, a new study suggests that just being around books has its benefits. A team of researchers in Australia finds that growing up with a large library at home improves literacy (读写能力), number­sense, and even technological skills in later life. It appeared in the journal Social Science Research.The researchers were exploring the advantages of scholarly culture. They were interested in a curious observation that some call the “radiation effect”．“Radiation effect is a situation where children grow up around books, but they don't read books. But somehow books benefit them, even though they don't read them as much as their parents wish them to，” said Joanna Sikora, a sociologist in Australia. Joanna and her colleagues analyzed data collected between 2011 and 2015 by the Organization for Economic Development. The survey assessed the literacy，numeracy (计算能力), and technological competency of more than 160,000 adults from 31 countries. And it included a question about how many books participants had in their homes during adolescence.“What we were able to make clear was that people growing up around books had better literacy, numeracy and digital problem­solving skills than people who had fewer books growing up but had similar education levels, similar jobs, and even similar adult habits in terms of reading or working at various numeracy­improving activities，” she said.In fact, teens who only made it through high school but were raised in a bookish environment did as well in adulthood as college graduates who grew up in a house without books. Now, how might mere exposure lead to intellectual improvement？“If we grow up in a house, in a home where parents enjoy books, where books are given as birthday presents and valued, this is something that becomes a part of our identity and gives us this lifelong urge to always come close to books and read more than we would.”So keep shelves piled with books. Your kids will not only be grateful, they'll be more likely to be able to spell “grateful” correctly as well.5．What's “radiation effect” according to the text?A．The terrible effect of radiation on the persons and things.B．The good influence of the bookish environment on adolescents.C．The beneficial effect of reading books on adolescents.D．The bad effect of the environment without books on adolescents.6．How does the exposure to books improve intellect?A．Books bring a sense of identity and eagerness to read more.B．Books help to provide a chance to come close to society.C．Books are always given to adolescents as valuable presents.D．Books will offer the teens an urge to make great achievements.7．What's the author's attitude towards bookish environment?A．Opposed.  B．Neutral.C．Indifferent.  D．Supportive.8．What's the best title for the text?A．Reading More Helps Improve Children's AbilitiesB．Reading at Home Brings Children Many AdvantagesC．Growing Up Around Books Benefits Children a LotD．Creating a Bookish Environment for Children Is of Much ImportanceⅡ.七选五Water Skiing[2021·山东省聊城模拟]We are surrounded by messages trying to get our attention. Advertisers, politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them. __1__. Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic. It's very similar to advertising, whose goal is to get people to buy something, while propaganda is to change what people believe.Propaganda TechniquesTo create propaganda, a common technique is name­calling. A politician might call someone a traitor or liar, which makes the other person look bad. Another is the trend technique. People want to be on the side in the favor. __2__. Some propaganda is based on fear. It scares people into choosing a certain side or taking action, which might not be bad. Anti­smoking campaigns are one example. They may scare people into thinking that if they smoke, they will get cancer.__3__Propaganda is used by many groups, such as businesses, politicians and the government .It is spread through posters, television and radio. The Internet makes it easy to send messages to the whole world.Types of PropagandaPolitical propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians. __4__. People have used it for many years. War propaganda began during World War I, more than 100 years ago.To see if propaganda is saying the truth, people need to do extra work. For example, ads might always sound like they're true. But before you believe them, try to think about who created and paid for them. Find out why they did it. __5__.A．Propaganda TargetsB．Propaganda MediumsC．Another word for this is propagandaD．So most people will agree with those politiciansE．Then, you can decide if they're being honest or notF．However, religious propaganda was actually the first official oneG．People might join someone who claims to be popular or winningⅢ.应用文写作[2021·广州市高三测试]假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris将要参加中文诗歌朗诵比赛(recitation contest)，发邮件向你咨询孟郊《游子吟》这首诗歌的含义。请你回复邮件，介绍该诗歌的主要内容，表达的思想情感和写作手法。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                             参考答案【基础训练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．occurred　2.stories　3.rescuers　4.threatened　5.expected6．immediately　7.announcement　8.reliable　9.ItⅡ.连词成句1．Picking up　2.After all　3.Compared to　4.What's more　5.Most importantly　6.made it　7.next to　8.make sure　9.stay away from　10.otherwiseⅢ.语法填空1．is expected　2.with　3.lines　4.deepest　5.compared　6.a7．it　8.hotter　9.to start　10.will feel【能力提升】Ⅰ.阅读理解1．C　细节理解题。根据Virtual surgery部分中的“They create software to give doctors the virtual operating room experience so they can practice and prepare for surgery.”可知，Osso VR可以给医生提供外科手术实习的虚拟环境，故C项正确。2．C　推理判断题。根据Vending veggies(出售素食)部分中的“It also wants to change the delivery method. Farmer's Fridge has created its very own automatic machines...what customers want.”可以推断，Farmer's Fridge与众不同的地方在于其自动售货机的运行方式，故C项正确。3．D　推理判断题。根据Recycling pollution部分中的“‘I don't know if it's pollution, but the quality of the ink is really special，’ said artist Kristopher Ho. ‘It's black, really thick and dries extremely quickly.’”可知，Kristopher Ho对AIR­INK的评价很高，由此可以推断出，他对AIR­INK持积极乐观的态度，故选D。4．B　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容(点出主题——介绍一些人们最期待的发明)并结合下文具体介绍的三项发明可以推断，作者写这篇文章主要是为了给读者介绍几项最新的科技发明，故B项正确。5．B　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Radiation effect is a situation where children grow up around books , but they don't read books. But somehow books benefit them, even though they don't read them as much as their parents wish them to”可知，辐射效应在本文中指在书香环境中长大的孩子，虽然他们没有像父母期待的那样读那么多的书，但他们仍然从书中受益良多。由此推断出，书香环境对青少年的成长有良好影响，故选B。6．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中“If we grow up in a house, in a home where parents enjoy books, ...come close to books and read more than we would.”可知，如果我们生长在父母热爱书、珍惜书的家庭中，这将成为我们认知中的一部分，让我们终身都有接近书，多读书的渴望，故选A。7．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So keep shelves piled with books..”可知，作者对于书香环境是支持的，故选D。8．C　主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段中“We know that reading is good for children. Now, a new study suggests that just being around books has its benefits.”可知，本文主要讲述了书香环境对孩子成长的好处，所以C项最适合作本文的标题，故选C。Ⅱ.七选五1．C　根据下文“Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic.”可知，此处应出现Propaganda，由此可知生活中的信息欲引起人们的广泛关注；广告商、政客和其它群体试图让人们同意他们的观点，都离不开宣传造势，C选项，这种现象还有一个名称叫做宣传，该句引出了主题，切题，故选C。2．G　根据本段可知，主要的宣传手段有：贴标签、从众宣传以及引发恐惧等。G选项，人们都想加入受欢迎或者获胜的人，该句为从众宣传的具体表现，切题，故选G。3．B　第三段主要介绍宣传的传播途径，主要包括海报、电视、广播以及互联网，故选B。4．F　第四段主要介绍宣传的三种主要类别：政治宣传、宗教宣传和战争宣传， F选项，宗教宣传实际上就是第一类宣传，很早就被人们使用，切题，故选F。5．E　根据前一句Find out why they did it.通过了解宣传者的意图和目的，才能知晓宣传的真实性，故选E。Ⅲ.应用文写作参考范文：Dear Chris, I'm quite delighted to hear that you are participating in the Chinese poem recitation contest. The poem you choose is an ancient one, which ought to be a real challenge. The poem, written by Meng Jiao, is called Song of the Parting Son. It's about the deep love between the poet and his mother. The poem mainly describes a scene in which a mother is making clothes for her son who is leaving home to fulfill his ambition. With each stitch she makes, the mother conveys her deep love for her son and her profound concern that he may return late. The poem expresses his thoughts using similes, concluding that “a mother's love is like the sunshine to the grass.”With its rich emotion and depth, this poem is a good choice for your contest. I wish you break a leg in the contest!Yours，Li Hua