英语必修第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope导学案

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这是一份英语必修第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope导学案，共9页。

阅读教材P68－69中的材料，选出最佳选项
1．What damage did the hurricane d t the authr's family?
A．Flew their cat away.
B．Flew their rf away.
C．Flew their huse dwn.
D．Injured the mther.
2．The fllwing are all difficulties the authr experienced EXCEPT ．
A．staying at hme
B．nt having enugh drinking water
C．the weather's being ht
D．watching the bats ging up and dwn
3．What made the authr hpeful fr the future?
A．The rescue frm the gvernment.
B．The bright stars in the sky.
C．Mther's cmfrtable wrds.
D．Lying in their wn hme.
4．Frm the last paragraph，we can learn that ．
A．all families have been back t their hme
B．the stars in the sky are as beautiful as befre
C．the new hmes remain t be rebuilt
D．the authr has cnfidence t mve t anther place
5．What's the authr's attitude twards the future hme?
A．Optimistic. B．Anxius.
C．Depressed. D．Curius.
[答案] 1－5 BDBCA
Wrds and Phrases
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点1) reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的
(教材P65) S，fr accurate and reliable predictins，it's best t check an fficial，scientific reprt.
所以，对于精确可靠的预测而言，最好是去检查一下官方的科学报告。
[例1] He is a reliable man and yu definitely can believe his wrds.
他是个可靠的人，你绝对可以相信他的话。
[例2] Accrding t the reliable infrmatin，we will have three days ff frm tmrrw.
据可靠消息，我们明天起放三天假。
[造句] 我们的消息来源可靠。
Our infrmatin cmes frm a reliable surce.
[知识拓展]
rely v．依靠，信赖
rely n 依靠，依赖；信赖
rely n it that... 相信……；指望……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He likes t d well and t be seen as reliable(rely)．
②Yu can rely n it that it will rain this weekend.
[小片段填空]
Many parents feel sme teachers in the kindergarten are nt reliable and they can't rely n them t lk after their children.We can't rely n it that a kindergarten whse purpse is t earn mney will benefit yur children a lt.
很多家长感觉这所幼儿园的老师不值得信赖，他们不能信赖他们来照顾自己的孩子。我们不能指望一所以赚钱为目的的幼儿园能对你的孩子有多少好处。
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点2) rescue v．&n.营救，解救；援救
(教材P65) Amngst all the internatinal heavy rescue teams，the China Internatinal Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first internatinal heavy rescue team t arrive.
在所有的国际重型救援中，中国国际重型搜救和救援队是第一个到达的。
[例1] They were eventually rescued by helicpter.
他们最后被直升机救走了。
[例2] She had despaired f ever being rescued alive.
她那时对获救生还已经绝望了。
[造句] 我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望。
We had given up hpe f rescue/being rescued.
[归纳拓展]
rescue sb./sth.frm 从……营救某人/某物；使某人/某物
免于
cme t ne's rescue 营救某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The 23yearld's screams alerted a passerby wh went t her (she) rescue.
②Yu rescued me frm an embarrassing situatin.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点3) claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去生命；声称
(教材P66) Caused by exceptinally heavy snwfall within a shrt perid f time，they destryed buildings and frests，and claimed ver 256 lives.
由于短时间内异常严重的降雪，他们摧毁了建筑物和森林，夺走了256条生命。
[例1] The civil war claimed several lives f Chinese members f UN Peacekeeping Frce.
内战夺去了几个联合国维和部队中国成员的生命。
[例2] He claims that he was nt given a fair chance f cmpetitin.
他声称他未得到公正的竞争机会。
[造句] 那次撞车事故导致三人死亡，包括两个成年人和一个孩子。
The car crash claimed three lives including tw adults and a child.
[归纳拓展]
claim t have dne 声称做过某事
claim t be 声称
It is claimed that 据称，听说
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I am a newcmer and dn't claim t be (be) an expert.
②The turist claimed t have seen (see)the mnster in the lake.
[小片段填空]
Smene called the plice and claimed t be a dctr and claimed t have knwn the traffic accident three days ag.And he said the accident actually claimed five lives in all but the driver refused t admit.
有人打电话报警，声称自己是个医生，并且声称自己了解三天前那场交通事故。并且他说事故事实上造成五人死亡但是司机拒绝承认。
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点4) threaten v．威胁到，危及
(教材P66) It led t a severe fd crisis and threatened the livelihds f mre than 9.5 millin peple.
它导致了严重的粮食危机，并威胁到950多万人的生计。
[例1] He said that elder by had threatened t beat him n his way hme.
他说那个大一点的男孩已经威胁过他了，要在回家的路上揍他。
[例2] The thief threatened the ld man with a knife.
这个抢劫犯用刀子威胁老人。
[造句] 她依然记得自己昨天被威胁的场景。
She still remember her being threatened yesterday.
[归纳拓展]
threat n．威胁，可能带来危险的人(事)
threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的
threatening adj.(行为)威胁的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The use f nuclear weapns is a hrrible threat (threaten) t the human beings.
②He didn't feel threatened (threat) at the news f her succeeding in finishing the wrk.
[小片段填空]
It is said that several lder students in that schl threatened the yunger nes t give them mney r they wuld be punished.The threat led t many students nt ging t schl.The parents felt the safety f their children threatened and they asked the schl t punished the threatening behavirs in the schl.
据说那所学校的几个年长点的学生威胁年龄小的学生给他们钱否则他们就会受到惩罚。这样的威胁导致很多学生不去上学。家长们觉得他们孩子的安全受到了威胁，要求校方惩罚学校里的威胁人的行为。
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点5) therwise adv.& cnj.否则，要不然
(教材P68) There was water everywhere，but we culdn't drink any f it therwise we'd get really sick.
到处都是水，但是我们一滴也不能喝，否则我们就会真的得病。
[例1] He must wrk really hard，therwise，he will sn be abandned by his cmpany and his fans.
他必须非常努力地工作，不然他很快就会被公司和歌迷遗弃。
[例2] I need yur answer by six 'clck tnight－therwise we'll leave yu ut f it!
我必须在今晚六点前得到你的答复，否则我们就把你排除在外！
[造句] 抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。
Seize the chance，therwise yu'll regret it.
[归纳拓展]
therwise adv. 在其他方面，不同地，用别的方法
r therwise 或相反，或其他情况
but therwise 但在别的方面却
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Over 7，000 riders n Beijing subways were fined fr putting feet n the seats r therwise taking up t much space.
②She is nt very clever，but therwise she's a nice girl.
Sentence Patterns
eq \a\vs4\al(重点句式1) be 正在做……这时……
(教材P68) I was sitting in my rm with my cat，Smartie，n my lap，when the rf just flew ff.
我正坐在房间里，我的猫思马蒂坐在我大腿上，这时屋顶飞走了。
句式分析：本句为一个并列句，when是并列连词，意为“正在这时/那时”，相当于and at that time，本句核心句型为：was/were “当……时，正在那时……”。
[例1] They were talking abut him when he came in.
他们正在谈论他，正在那时他走了进来。
[例2] We were ding ur hmewrk when the lights went ff.
我们正在做作业时，灯突然灭了。
[造句] 我正在家里学习，这时我的手机响了。
I was studying at hme when my cellphne rang.
[归纳拓展]
when作并列连词常用于下列句型中：
(1)sb.was abut t d ＝ sb.was n the pint f ding 某人正要干某事，就在这时……
(2)be just ging t d 正要……这时……
(3)sb.had (just) dne 某人刚干完某事，就在这时……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was abut t raise (raise) his hand when class was ver.
②He had just sent (send) an email n the Internet when his cmputer brke dwn.
③I was abut t g ut(正要出门) when it began t rain.
④He had just finished his hmewrk(刚完成作业) when his mm asked him t help.
eq \a\vs4\al(重点句式2) the mment 引导时间状语从句
(教材P69) He had disappeared the mment the strm hit.暴风雨刚一来袭，他就已经消失了。
句式分析：该句是由the mment连接的复合句。the mment意思是：一……就……
[例1] He rushed ut the classrm the mment he saw his mther.
他一看到妈妈就从教室里冲了出来。
[例2] I arranged the flwers in the vase the mment I came back hme.
一回到家，我就把花插在花瓶里。
[造句] 一想起去打篮球，我就觉得激动。
I feel excited the mment I think f playing basketball.
[归纳拓展]
the mment在句中为名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：
(1)every time，any time，next time，the first time，the last time，by the time，the day等。
(2)the instant，the minute意为“一……就……”相当于as sn as。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①N sner had(have) M Yan stepped n the stage than the audience brke int thunderus applause.
②The first time I came (cme) t that twn，I was deeply impressed.
③I think f the happy time we spent tgether every time(每次) I see these phts.
④The first time(第一次) yu take part in a race，it is very nrmal t feel tense.
eq \a\vs4\al(重点句式3) befre在……之前
(教材P69) Althugh it was nly a few days befre we were rescued，it felt like mnths.
尽管仅仅过了几天我们就得救了，但是感觉像过了几个月。
句式分析：该句是一个althugh连接的让步状语从句。其中从句中的befre 引导时间状语从句，句型为“It ＋be ＋过去时间段＋ befre从句(一般过去时)”过……时间才……
[例1] It was nearly a day befre he realized his mistakes and said srry t his friend.
将近一天之后，他才意识到他的错误并向他的朋友道歉。
[例2] It was sme time befre we knew the truth f the accident.
过了一段时间后，我们才了解了事故的真相。
[造句] 这种状况或许要过很多年才能得到改善。
It may be many years befre the situatin imprves.
[归纳拓展]
含befre 的常用句式有：
(1)It wn't be lng befre...“用不了多久就会……”(befre从句用一般现在时)
(2)It wasn't lng befre...“没过多久就……”(befre从句用一般过去时)
(3)It will be＋一段时间＋befre...“要过若干时间之后才……”(befre从句用一般现在时)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She and her family hid away fr nearly twentyfive mnths befre they were discvered.
②Jhn thinks it wn't be lng befre he is ready fr his new jb.
主旨大意题
提分技巧：快速确定文章大意。没有明显的主题句的文章或段落要通过归纳要点抓大意。主题句位于文章或段落中间类型的文章要从段落中抓大意。主题句出现在开头的文章，如说明文、议论文、科技文献和新闻报道，要从首句中抓大意。段落中出现表示转折的词语(如hwever，but，in fact，n the cntrary，in cntrast等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解C节选)
Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years，but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging.When the wrld was still ppulated by huntergatherers，small，tightly knit (联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther.Sme language experts believe that 10，000 years ag，when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple，they spke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.
Sn afterwards，many f thse peple started settling dwn t becme farmers，and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries，trade，industrialisatin，the develpment f the natinstate and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin，especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades，all have caused many languages t disappear，and dminant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
At present，the wrld has abut 6，800 languages.The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages，ften spken by many peple，while ht，wet znes have lts，ften spken by small numbers.Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages；the Americas abut 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800.The median number (中位数) f speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6，800 languages are clse t extinctin (消亡)，with nly a few elderly speakers left.Pick，at randm，Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers)，Chiapanec in Mexic (150)，Lipan Apache in the United States (tw r three) r Wadjigu in Australia (ne，with a questinmark): nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
31．What is the main idea f the text?
A．New languages will be created.
B．Peple's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human develpment results in fewer languages.
D．Gegraphy determines language evlutin.
C [第一段说明语言已有几千年的历史，但有一些语言正在消失；第二段说明随着人类社会的发展，语言变得更少；第三段说明语言的分布是不均匀的；第四段介绍了超过400种语言正面临消亡的威胁。整篇文章主要说明的是由于人类社会的发展导致了语言变得越来越少。故选C。]
[即学即练]
请快速确定这篇文章节选的主旨大意。
(2017·浙江卷·阅读理解A节选)
Benjamin West，the father f American painting，shwed his talent fr art when he was nly six years f age.But he did nt knw abut brushes befre a visitr tld him he needed ne.In thse days，a brush was made frm camel's hair.There were n camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair wuld wrk instead.He cut sme fur frm the family cat t make a brush.
...
In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years ld，Mr.Penningtn returned fr anther visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had dne with his gift.He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the by back t Philadelphia fr a visit.
In the city，Mr.Penningtn gave Benjamin materials fr creating il paintings.The by began a landscape (风景) painting.William Williams，a wellknwn painter，came t see him wrk.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him tw classic bks n painting t take hme.The bks were lng and dull.Benjamin culd read nly a little，having been a pr student.But he later said，“Thse tw bks were my cmpanins by day，and under my pillw at night.” While it is likely that he understd very little f the bks，they were his intrductin t classical paintings.The nineyearld by decided then that he wuld be an artist.
21．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Benjamin's visit t Philadelphia.
B．Williams' influence n Benjamin.
C．The beginning f Benjamin's life as an artist.
D．The friendship between Benjamin and Penningtn.
C [根据第一段第一句“Benjamin West，the father f American painting，shwed his talent fr art when he was nly six years f age.”以及选文第二段第一句“In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years ld”和最后一段，并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了艺术家本杰明·韦斯特少年时代的艺术启蒙。]