2022届高考英语时文阅读理解专项训练 1（含答案解析）

这是一份2022届高考英语时文阅读理解专项训练 1（含答案解析），共12页。试卷主要包含了 D 推理判断题， A 推理判断题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
★(一)时文摘要江村大墓地处西安东郊白鹿原的江村。考古队员通过精细发掘和缜密分析，判断出“江村大墓”就是西汉汉文帝刘恒的霸陵。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.    On the morning of 14th December, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage held an online meeting in Beijing, focusing on three important archaeological discoveries and research results in Gansu, Henan and Shaanxi. The reporter was informed that the online press conference on the progress of the “Archaeological China” major project focused on important archaeological discoveries during the Han and Tang Dynasties. Among them, the Ba tomb of Emperor Hanwen, the third emperor of the Han Dynasty, is undoubtedly the most concerned project. It was announced at the meeting that the tomb of Jiangcun Village in Bailuyuan, Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province was the Emperor Hanwen’s Ba Mausoleum(陵墓). Before the identity of the tomb owner was confirmed, this tomb in Bailuyuan, Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province had been called the “Jiangcun Tomb”. Through careful digging and careful analysis, the archaeologists determined that the “Jiangcun Tomb” was the tomb of Emperor Hanwen of the Han Dynasty. In 2016, the pit(藏坑) outside the Jiangcun Tomb was stolen. In order to confirm the preservation status of the tombs and the distribution of surrounding cultural relics, archaeologists conducted investigations on the Jiangcun Tomb and the nearby Mausoleum of Empress Dou and the Southern Tomb of Empress Dowager Bo. The Jiangcun Necropolis is located at the western end of Bailuyuan in the eastern suburbs of Xi’an. About 800 meters northeast is the Mausoleum of Empress Dou, about 2,000 meters southwest is the South Tomb of Empress Dowager Bo, and about 2,100 meters north is the “Phoenix Mouth” site where the former national security unit Ba Ling is located. Archaeologists have dug 8 outer pits of the Jiangcun Great Tomb. More than 1,500 pieces of pottery figurines(陶俑), bronze seals(印), bronze carts and horses, ironware, and pottery have been unearthed. The bronze seals include “Chefu”, “Qifu”, and “Fu Yin”, “Cang Yin”, “Zhong Si Kong Yin” etc., which indicate that the outer pits around the Jiangcun Tomb should be built to imitate the actual government offices and government treasury.1 . What was the aim of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage’s meeting?A .    Reporting some important archaeological discoveries.B  .   Locating the Great Tomb of Jiangcun Village.C  .   Exploring the Emperor Hanwen’s Ba Mausoleum.D  .   Informing the location of Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province.2 . What was the original name of the tomb of Emperor Hanwen?A .    Ba Mausoleum.B  .   Han Dynasty.C  .   Jiangcun Tomb.D .    Bailuyuan.3 . Why was the Jiangcun Tomb allowed to be investigated?A  .   People were interested the tomb.B  .   The archaeologists needed evidence.C  .   Some bronze seals were found.D  .   The tomb was damaged by thieves.4 . What helped archaeologists determine the tomb was built for the ruler?A  .   The words on the bronze seals.B   .  The government offices.C   .  The Phoenix Mouth in the north.D  .   The pottery figurines.★(二)时文摘要2021年即将过去，又到了一年一度各大主流英文词典评选年度词汇的时刻，让我们来看看今年的年度词汇吧！阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案. Vaccine “Vaccine”(疫苗) is Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Year. The word was selected based on lookup data, notable spikes, and year-over-year increases in searches. On the site, lookups for “vaccine” increased by 601% over 2020, especially in the second half of the year. There was a 1,048% increase in site lookups this year compared to 2019. This August, lookups of “vaccine” jumped 535% due to widespread use in parts of the world and major stories about policy, permission and vaccination rates. And searches have remained stable through late fall. This selection comes after “pandemic” was chosen in 2020. The Oxford English Dictionary selected “vax” as their word of the year.NFT “NFT” is 2021’s “Word of the Year”, Collins Dictionary announced. According to the dictionary, NFT is “a unique digital certificate, registered in a blockchain, that is used to record ownership of an asset(资产) such as an artwork or a collectible.” Perhaps the most well-known example of an NFT is “Everydays: The First 5000 Days,” a collection of digital art made by designer Mike Winkelmann. In March, an NFT for the piece sold for $69.3 million. “Whether the NFT will have a lasting influence is yet to be determined, but its sudden appearance in conversations around the world makes it very clearly our Word of the Year,” the dictionary said.Perseverance Cambridge Dictionary’s word of the year for 2021 has been known as “perseverance”. The word was inspired by NASA’s mission to Mars, as data showed that users across the globe searched for the word online more than 243,000 times throughout the year. The dictionary found there was a sudden large increase in searches for the meaning of “perseverance” between 18 and 24 February, after NASA’s Perseverance Rover(探测器) landed on Mars. Last year, Cambridge Dictionary named “quarantine” as word of the year, after it became one of the most highly searched for words online.1 . Which was Merriam-Webster’s word of the year for 2020?A   .  Perseverance.B    . Vaccination.C .    Pandemic.D   .  Vax.2 . What made “NFT” the Word of the Year according to Collins Dictionary?A  .   Non-fungible token.B  .   Digital artworks.C    . A famous designer.D    . Widespread discussion.3 . The increasing number of searches for the word “perseverance” resulted from_______.A   .  a NASA’s missionB   .  a Mars rover’s landingC   .  a new complex meaning of itD  .   a growing number of Internet users4 . Where does this passage probably come from?A .    A dictionary.B  .   A guidebook.C   .  A news report.D  .   A science book..★(三)时文摘要2021年全美音乐奖（American Music Awards）颁奖典礼完美落幕，霉霉(Taylor Swift)三提两中，荣获“Favorite Female Pop Artist”和“Favorite pop album(evermore)”，打破她自己2020年的AMA记录，蝉联获奖最多女歌手，霉粉兴奋无比。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.    To say 2021 was an impressive year for Taylor Swift would be an understatement(低调说法). She not only re-released multiple recordings of her earlier albums, but also dropped new, never-before-heard music while she was at it. And as the 2021 American Music Awards kicked off on Nov. 21, Taylor Swift only continued to impress. Swift broke records at this year’s show, and Swifties couldn’t be more proud. The singer took home the award for Favorite Female Pop Artist, which brought her to a grand total of 34 AMAs throughout the course of her career. The new number broke her previous record of 32 wins. Basically, it’s a big deal for Swifties. The AMAs broadcast on ABC from the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, and while Swift wasn’t in attendance, she virtually accepted her awards with a meaningful speech. Last year, she wasn’t there, either, and she had quite the explanation for not being at the show. Appearing via video from another location, Swift thanked her fans, who she said “have been beyond wonderful all the years of my career, but especially this one when we’ve been so far apart, we haven’t been able to see each other in concert” because of the pandemic. “The reason I’m not there tonight is I’m actually recording all of my old music in the studio where we originally recorded it,” Swift added. “So, it’s been amazing, and I can’t wait for you to hear it.” Swift also gave a shout out to Swifties for supporting her new album, Red (Taylor’s Version). “I just want to say to the fans, thank you for all the amazing support that you have thrown my way with Red (my version),” she said. “It’s been so much fun. I’m so lucky to be in your life and to get to have you in mine. Have a great night. Love you guys.” Fans were thrilled to see her break the record, even if she didn’t win Artist of the Year. (That honor went to BTS; other nominees in the category were Ariana Grande, Drake, Olivia Rodrigo, and The Weeknd.)1 . How many awards did Taylor Swift win the 2021 AMA?A   .  One.B  .   Two.C  .   Thirty-two.D  .   Thirty-four.2 . Which can best replace the underlined phrase “in attendance” in Para. 3?A   .  Absent.B  .   Concerned.C .   Present.D  .   Awarded.3 . Why didn’t Taylor Swift appear at the show last time?A   .  It was not mentioned.B    . The pandemic stopped her.C   .  She was busy working in the studio.D  .   She lived far away from Los Angeles.4 . Who won Artist of the Year in 2021?A   .  Drake.B   . BTS.C    . Ariana Grande.D   .  Taylor Swift.  ★(四)时文摘要 2021年11月19日，《长津湖》在中国热播之后于英国上映，Trinity Cine Asia联合创始人兼导演Cedric Behrel惊叹：堪比好莱坞！阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.    Trinity Cine Asia released China’s war epic “The Battle at Lake Changjin” in cinemas across the UK and Ireland on Friday. The film is currently the highest-grossing(票房最高的) film in China as well as in the world so far in 2021, having earned more than 5.62 billion yuan ($879 million) since its premiere(首映) in China on September 30, according to figures reported by the Xinhua News Agency. “It’s a privilege for us to be able to release the biggest box office story of 2021, when cinemas are just seeing the first real shoots of recovery,” said Trinity Cine Asia co-founder and director Cedric Behrel on November 12. “‘Battle at Lake Changjin’ presents a fresh viewpoint which hasn’t been seen before, reframing(再构造) the war film narrative we’re used to seeing, but with production values to match Hollywood,” Behrel said. “The film falls into the war film template(模板) of decisive battles that changed the course of history.” Jointly directed by Chen Kaige, Hark Tsui and Dante Lam, “The Battle at Lake Changjin” is set during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950-53), the Chinese participation in the Korean War, and tells the story of Chinese People’s Volunteers soldiers fighting bravely in freezing temperatures in a key campaign at Lake Changjin, or Chosin Reservoir. The story of young warriors willing to risk it all to defend their motherland against the world’s best-equipped army, despite a lack of food and warm clothing during the bitter cold, has moved many moviegoers to tears. Kelly Wang, an international student studying at the University of Leeds, told the Global Times that after watching the film, she went back to school and recalled this period of history with her roommates in the UK. She thought it was a major step forward for Chinese films, which not only proved the perseverance and persistence of Chinese soldiers, but also gave people around the world an opportunity to relearn and reflect on history. “It’s no longer the time when Westerners decide most of the content of history,” Wang noted.1 . What can we know about the film “The Battle at Lake Changjin”?A   .  It is the biggest box office hit film in 2021.B    . It is the most popular film in Ireland.C  .   It has earned more than 879 million yuan.D  .   Its first general release is in the UK.2 . How did Cedric Behrel think of the film?A  .   He showed no interest in it.B .    He spoke highly of it.C.     He had a critical opinion about it.D   .  He presented a fresh view about it.3 . Which word can replace the underlined word “warriors” in Para. 4?A .    Performers.B .    Soldiers.C  .   Residents.D  .   Scholars.4 . What did the film convey to us according to Kelly Wang?A  .   The chance to forgive enemies.B   .  The opportunity to make history.C   .  The major obstacle for Chinese films.D  .   The strong will of Chinese soldiers. ★(五)时文摘要图兹湖位于土耳其中部，是该国第二大湖，距离首都安卡拉东南约170 公里。由于气候变化和对水资源的滥用，图兹湖遭遇了严重干旱，最终于今年彻底干枯。在过去2周有数千只火烈鸟幼鸟死于干旱。阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.     Lake Tuz, Turkey’s second-largest lake and home to several kinds of birds, has entirely dried up this year. Water has also gone down at several other lakes across Turkey. Experts say the lakes are victims of drought brought on by climate change and harmful agricultural policies. They warn that the entire area around the Mediterranean Sea is especially at risk. Levent Kurnaz is a scientist at Bogazici University’s Center for Climate Change and Policy Studies. He said, “We have rising temperatures and decreasing rain, and on the other side, the water needs for irrigation in agriculture. It’s a bad situation all over Turkey at the moment.” For hundreds of years, Lake Tuz has been home to huge groups of flamingos(火烈鸟) that travel and reproduce there when the weather is warm. But this summer, thousands of dead flamingos were found spread out across the dried-up lake-bed. “There were about 5,000 young flamingos. They all perished because there was no water,” said Fahri Tunc. He is the wildlife photographer who took pictures of the dead birds. He also heads the local office of a Turkish environmental group. Tunc said, “I hope I do not come across such a scene again.” Turkey’s state-run Anadolu Agency reported that a study conducted by Ege University shows that water levels at Lake Tuz began to drop in 2000. The study noted that the lake dried up this year because of rising temperatures, increased evaporation(蒸发) and a lack of rain. The study also noted a sharp decrease in underground water levels around Lake Tuz. Environmental groups say poor government agricultural policies play a major part in the lack of water in Turkey’s lakes. Farms in the area have started growing profitable but water-intensive crops. These crops have used up groundwater supplies, Tunc said. He added that farmers have dug thousands of unapproved wells, while streams supplying water to the lake have dried up.1 . The drought of Lake Tuz probably attributed to_______. a.the overexploitation of the ground water b.rising temperatures and decreasing rain c.the development of the land along the lake d.the water needs for irrigation in agricultureA  .   a;b;cB  .   b;c;dC  .   a;c;dD .    a;b;d2 . The underlined word “ perished” can be replaced by_______.A.     died outB  .   flew highC   .  came backD   .  came back3 . The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that_______.A   .  Tunc attempted to expose the truth of the incidentB   .  Tunc felt very sorry for what was happening at that timeC   .  Tunc couldn’t stand the inaction of government departmentsD  .   Tunc decided to appeal for help from the environmental group4 . Which of the following is the view of Environmental groups?A  .   The water levels at Lake Tuz changed 21 years ago.B    . The local farming has run out of the groundwater.C   .  Climatic factors mainly caused the drop of water levels.D  .   The government misused the related agricultural policies.   【答案解析】★(一)1. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“...focusing on three important archaeological discoveries and research results in Gansu, Henan and Shaanxi”可以得知国家文物局的会议聚焦于三大考古发现和研究成果，亦即通报近期的考古发现。故选A。 2. C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“Before the identity of the tomb owner was confirmed, this tomb in Bailuyuan, Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province had been called the “Jiangcun Tomb”. ”可以得知该墓之前被称为“江村大墓”。故选C。3. D 推理判断题。根据文章第四段可以得知，2016年该墓的外藏坑受到盗扰，考古学家们对其进行了考古调查。故选D。4. A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句：铜印印文有“车府”“器府”“府印”“仓印”“中司空印”等，表明江村大墓周围外藏坑应为模仿现实官署、府库建造，因此考古学家们推断这座墓应该是为这位统治者（汉文帝）建造的。故选A。★(二) 1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段This selection comes after “pandemic” was chosen in 2020.可知2020年《韦氏词典》把pandemic选为年度词汇，故选C。2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“but its sudden appearance in conversations around the world”可知，NFT之所以成为《柯林斯词典》的年度词汇是因为它突然出现在世界各地的对话中，即被广泛讨论。故选D。3. B 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句可知，在2月18日到24日期间，也就是美国宇航局的“毅力号”探测器登陆火星后，网友对“毅力”一词的含义的搜索量激增，即该探测器的着陆导致人们大量查询“preference”一词，故选B。4. C 文章出处题。根据全文内容可知，文章总结了三大英文词典评选出的2021年度词汇，属于热点新闻，所以最有可能出现在新闻报道里面，故选C。★(三) 1. B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在她的职业生涯中，总共获得了34项全美音乐奖，这个新数字打破了她之前32项获奖的记录，由此可知在本次全美音乐奖颁奖礼上，Taylor Swift获得(34-32=)2项奖项，故选B。2. C 词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句Last year, she wasn’t there, either, and she had quite the explanation for not being at the show. 可知，Taylor Swift去年“也”没在那里并且解释了为什么没在现场，由此可知今年Taylor Swift也没“在现场”，in attendance 表示“出席，在现场”的意思，故选C。3. C 细节理解题。根据第四段的The reason I’m not there tonight is I’m actually recording all of my old music in the studio where we originally recorded it可知，去年(即上一次)她没出席现场的原因是当时她正在录音棚里面翻录以前的歌曲。故选C。4. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Taylor Swift没有获得“年度艺人”，而是BTS获得了该荣誉（That honor went to BTS），故选B。★(四)1.  A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，2021年目前为止，电影《长津湖》是中国也是世界上票房最高的电影，A项正确；文中并没有提到它是英国最受欢迎的电影，B项不正确；该电影在中国的票房是56.2亿元，折合8.79亿美元，C项不正确；该电影的首次公映是在中国，而不是在英国，D项不正确。故选A。2. B 推理判断题。根据第二段内容，尤其是关键词 “presents a fresh viewpoint ”以及 “with production values to match Hollywood可推断出，Behrel对电影《长津湖》评价很高，故选B。3. B 词义猜测题。结合前文中的 “the story of Chinese People’s Volunteers soldiers”，并根据该词所在句，可知年轻的warriors对抗装备精良的军队以保卫祖国，可推测warriors意为“战士，士兵”，即“soldiers”，故选B。4. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Kelly Wang认为电影《长津湖》意味着中国电影向前迈进一大步，不仅证明了中国士兵的坚韧和毅力，也给了世界各地的人们一个重新学习和反思历史的机会，故选D。★(五)1. D 细节理解题。根据第一段Experts say the lakes are victims of drought brought on by climate change and harmful agricultural policies. 和第二段We have rising temperatures and decreasing rain, and on the other side, the water needs for irrigation in agriculture.以及最后一段These crops have used up groundwater supplies可知，湖泊是气候变化和有害农业政策导致的干旱的受害者，原因包括气温上升、蒸发量增加和缺少雨水，以及大量农业用水导致图兹湖周围的地下水位急剧下降。故选D。2.A 词义猜测题。根据第三段But this summer, thousands of dead flamingos were found spread out across the dried-up lakebed.以及第四段He is the wildlife photographer who took pictures of the dead birds.可知，今年夏天，在干涸的湖床上发现了数千只死去的火烈鸟。野生动物摄影师法赫里·通克拍摄到了死鸟的照片。由此猜测“perished”意为“死亡”，选项A与之同义，故选A。3. B 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知, 大约有5000只幼年火烈鸟因为没有水而死去，野生动物摄影师兼土耳其环保组织的地方办事处领导人的法赫里·通克拍摄到了死鸟的照片，见此情形，可想而知他当时内心是多么的悲伤，故选B。4. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，环保组织说，政府糟糕的农业政策是土耳其湖泊缺水的主要原因，该地区的农场已经开始种植有利可图但非常耗水的作物。 故选D。