高中英语Unit 3 Sports and fitness学案

这是一份高中英语Unit 3 Sports and fitness学案，共4页。

[新知导引]
诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性
1．(教材P40)It's nt a real sprt, is it?
2．(教材P40)That sunds interesting, desn't it?
3．(教材P40)Hi! It's a beautiful day, isn't it?
4．(教材P40)Cme alng and jin us, will yu?
5．(教材P40)By the way, ur schl sccer team wn at last, didn't they?
[共性呈现]
1．所有画线部分都是附加疑问句。
2．句1为陈述句为否定句的附加疑问句。
3．句2,3,5 为陈述句为肯定句的附加疑问句。
4．句4为祈使句的附加疑问句。
[语法精释]
一、附加疑问句的定义
附加疑问句，又称反义疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。
二、附加疑问句的构成
附加疑问句包括陈述部分和附加疑问部分。附加疑问部分一般由助动词、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。
三、附加疑问句的回答
附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似，注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异。如：
(1)A：The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing, weren't they?
B：Yes, they were.(Yes, that's right.)
(2)A：Michael Jrdan started t play basketball in cllege, didn't he?
B：N, he didn't. He first played in a team in senir high schl.
(3)A：David has been t a bxing match, hasn't he?
B：N, he hasn't. He always watches bxing n TV.
(4)A：Yu can't ck, can yu？你不会做饭，是吗？
B：Yes, I can. I'm gd at cking.不，我会。我做饭很好。
四、变附加疑问句时应注意的问题
1．当陈述部分含有seldm, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nwhere, nthing等否定词或半否定词时，简短问句应用肯定句式。
①She seldm ges t the cinema, des she?
她很少去看电影，是吗？
②He has never been t Lndn, has he?
他从没去过伦敦，是吗？
2．当陈述部分中表示否定意义的词为含有im­， in­， dis­， un­等否定前缀或­less等否定后缀的词时，应把陈述部分视为肯定句，简短问句要用否定式。
①He was unsuccessful, wasn't he?
他没成功，是吗？
②Yur mther dislikes seeing yu with me, desn't she?
你母亲不喜欢看到你和我在一起，是吗？
3．当陈述部分是“there be＋主语＋其他”结构时，反意疑问部分要用“be＋there”结构。
There are sme apples in the bx, aren't there?
盒子里有些苹果，是吗？
4．陈述部分为祈使句时
(1)祈使句为肯定形式时，若表示“请求”，简短问句通常用will yu；若表示“邀请，劝说”，简短问句用wn't yu。
①Give me a hand, will yu?
帮我一把，好吗？(表示“请求”)
②Cme t have supper with us this evening, wn't yu?
今晚跟我们一起吃饭，好吗？(表示“邀请”)
(2)祈使句为否定形式时，简短问句通常用will yu。
③Dn't make s much nise, will yu?
别弄出这么多噪音，好吗？
(3)如果祈使句以let's开头，简短问句用shall we；如果祈使句以let us或let me开头，简短问句用will yu。
④Let's try anther way, shall we?
我们试试别的方法，好吗？
⑤Let us knw yur address, will yu?
请把你的地址告诉我们，好吗？
5．陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时
(1)一般情况：当陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时，简短问句的谓语动词和主语通常和主句中的谓语动词和主语分别保持一致。
①They knw that he is frm England, dn't they?
他们知道他来自英国，是吗？
(2)特殊情况：
若陈述部分为：“I/We think/believe/suppse/cnsider/...＋宾语从句”，简短问句的谓语和主语与宾语从句的谓语和主语分别保持一致，且简短问句用否定形式。
②We believe she can d it better, can't she?
我们相信她能做得更好，是吗？
(3)若陈述部分为“I/We dn't think/believe/suppse/cnsider/...＋宾语从句”，简短问句的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致，且简短问句用肯定形式。
③I dn't think that yu can d it, can yu?
我认为这件事你做不了，是吗？
④We dn't believe that the news is true, is it?
我们认为消息不实，是吗？
(4)若陈述部分为“主语(非第一人称)＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/...＋宾语从句”，简短问句的主语和谓语由主句决定。
⑤They all think that English is very useful, dn't they?
他们都认为英语很重要，是吗？
⑥He desn't think that I can make it, des he?
他认为我办不到，是吗？
五、附加疑问句的读法
陈述部分一般用降调，而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调，但含义有所不同。通常情况下，用升调时，多表示疑问或请求；用降调时，多表示求证或希望对方同意。如：
The schl team have wn the gld medal, haven't they?
The schl team have wn the gld medal, haven't they?
加附加疑问句
1．Father：Are yu free at the weekend, my dear daughter?
Mary：Yes. What are yu ging t d?
Father：Let's watch the film The Day After Tmrrw, shall we?
Mary：Gd idea.
2．A：S yu have never wrked ut in a gym befre, have yu?
B：N, I haven't.
3．Yu dn't take part in a marathn when yu are ill, d yu?
4．Henry thinks yu are cheating yur friends, desn't he?
5．Mary never des harm t thers, des she?
6．Yur sister has gne t the pst ffice, hasn't she?
7．Yu didn't finish yur hmewrk n time, did yu?
8．A：Yu wn't listen t him, will yu?
B：N, I wn't. I dn't think he is right.
9．We frgt t bring ur tickets, but let us enter, please, will_yu?
10．A：Jenny desn't think the sweater is very expensive, des_she?
B：I'm afraid nt.
11．I tld them nt everybdy culd run as fast as yu did, didn't_I?
12．He wasn't late fr class, was_he?
13．He culdn't finish the wrk ahead f time, culd_he?
14．There are sme fallen leaves n the grund, aren't_there?
15．Jhn, please pick up the bk n the flr, will_yu?
16．Let's have a gd rest, shall_we?
17．Yur mther is very unhappy nw, isn't_she?
18．He never tell a lie, des_he?
组成
例句
肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分
Yu ften play badmintn, dn't yu?
Yu're ging t the gym with me, aren't yu？
否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分
It's nt a real sprt, is it?
They can't finish it by Friday, can they？
含有否定词的陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分
Nbdy saw him walk int the rm, did they?
Yu've never been t Paris, have yu？
祈使句＋附加疑问部分
Cme alng with me, will yu？/can yu？/wn't yu？/can't yu?
Dn't make any nise, will yu？