高考英语一轮复习课时作业四必修1Unit4Earthquakes课件

这是一份高考英语一轮复习课时作业四必修1Unit4Earthquakes课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了gathered，was shown，to say，who，animals，than，properly，treatment，made等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解A　　East Africa is experiencing the wrst desert lcust utbreak in decades. Climate events have accelerated breeding f the pest acrss the regin, and with a sudden rise in the lcust ppulatin expected in cming weeks, urgent actins and funds are needed t prevent a human crisis.
　　Twenty millin peple in six f the eight East African cuntries are mst affected by an nging desert lcust utbreak at risk f serius fd insecurity. Cnsidered amng the mst destructive f mving pests, an adult lcust can cnsume 2g f plants per day, affecting crps and grasslands. A grup typically hlds 20 t 150 millin lcusts per square kilmeter and can mve hundreds f kilmeters per day, invading areas cvering millins f square kilmeters. An active grup, therefre, can destry crps and grasslands within a very shrt perid f time.
　　That glbal warming culd increase the risk f desert lcust crisis was prpsed ver ten years ag, and in February, the UN Secretary-General Antóni Guterres stated that the current utbreak is linked t the effects f climate change: “warmer seas mean mre perfect breeding grund fr lcusts”. The utbreak has its rigins in 2018, when a series f windstrms in the Arabian Peninsula (阿拉伯半岛) enabled the warm and wet cnditins the desert lcust requires t breed and band undetected in remte regins. Thugh ur fcus here is migratin west, dreadful utbreaks f the desert lcust have been experienced t the east.
　　The situatin is ging ut f cntrl. A rescue peratin and financial supprt admit n delay. 　　The Fd and Agricultural Organizatin (FAO) can take ut nly US$138 millin fr rapid respnse and immediate actin — cntrlling the spread f the desert lcust and safeguarding livelihds. They say the maths is clear: abut half the funding (资助) is needed fr supervisin, grund and sky cntrl, and uniting effrts; the ther half is needed fr livelihds and fd security f farmers. As fr the huge gap, they have called n the internatinal cmmunity t act nw thrugh funding. Hwever, by the end f February, just US $69 millin had been prmised.
　　This mst alarming crisis has develped and is wrsening in East Africa. The funds needed t cntrl the situatin becme very difficult t achieve and the gap is a big cncern. 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了东非发生了严重的沙漠蝗虫灾害, 预计在未来几周内蝗虫数量会急剧增加。粮食及农业组织呼吁国际社会立即筹集资金采取行动控制沙漠蝗虫灾害。
1. Why des the crisis happen in East Africa? A. There is a big ppulatin there. B. There are large deserts and grasslands. C. Africa lies west f Arabian Peninsula. D. Gd climate fr breeding plays a rle. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段可知, 东非正在经历几十年来最严重的沙漠蝗虫灾害, 气候活动加速了该地区害虫的繁殖。即蝗虫危机在东非发生的原因是气候条件有利于蝗虫的繁殖。故选D。
2. Why des the writer list thse figures in Para. 2? A. T warn f the terrible damage by lcusts. B. T help us understand hw lcusts live. C. T shw hw many lcusts there are nw. D. T draw a picture f the present Africa.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段可知, 八个东非国家中有六个国家的2 000万人受持续不断的沙漠蝗虫的影响最大, 面临严重的粮食不安全风险。蝗虫被认为是最具破坏力的害虫之一, 一只成年蝗虫每天可以吃掉2克植物, 从而影响农作物和草原。通常每平方千米的一个蝗虫群会有2 000万至1. 5亿只蝗虫, 它们每天可以移动数百千米, 入侵面积达数百万平方千米的地区。因此, 移动中的蝗虫群可以在很短的时间内破坏农作物和草原。因此判断出作者在第2段中列出这些数字是为了警告人们蝗虫会造成严重的损失及破坏。
3. What can we infer frm the text? A. The crisis is nt nticed until recently. B. Mre fund is needed t prevent the crisis. C. The crisis has been the fcus f the wrld. D. Lcusts are all frm the Arabian Peninsula.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知, 对于资金的严重不足, 粮食及农业组织呼吁国际社会立即筹款。然而, 到2月底, 仅筹措到6 900万美元。因此我们可以推断出需要更多资金来预防危机。
4. Which is the best title fr the text? A. Killing Lcusts befre t LateB. Glbal Warming, a Wrld PrblemC. Funding Gap fr Lcust CrisisD. Africa, a Crisis-stricken Place
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章讲述了东非发生了严重的沙漠蝗虫灾害, 预计在未来几周内蝗虫数量会急剧增加。粮食及农业组织呼吁国际社会立即筹集资金采取行动控制沙漠蝗虫灾害。目前控制局势所需的资金变得非常难以实现, 缺口是一个大问题。因此文章的最佳标题是C项(蝗灾危机的资金缺口)。
【知识拓展】佳词积累 1. lcust　　　n. 蝗虫 2. utbreakn. 爆发 3. breedingn. 繁殖 4. ngingadj. 仍在进行的, 持续存在的 5. crisisn. 危机 6. livelihdn. 生计, 营生 7. wrsenv. 恶化, 变得更坏
B(2021·济南模拟)　　With the undeniable increase in greenhuse emissins n Earth, there can be n dubt that the earth is becming warmer, and scientific studies have prven that if we carry n living the way we d, then glbal temperatures will rise even mre.
S what exactly des this mean fr the future f ur planet? Glbal warming will in fact cause extreme weather cnditins, meaning that ur winters wuld be even clder than they are nw. Mre than that, warmer temperatures will lead t the melting f ice in the nrth and suth ples, which in turn will lead t rising sea levels acrss the glbe. This is particularly trubling fr lw castal regins and sme island cuntries. In 1, 000 years r s, all these places will be flded underwater.
S where will we be able t live? Unless we can find a way t evlve int mermaids and mermen, which desn’t lk prmising, the nly slutin is t mve elsewhere. There will be little chice left nce a large prprtin f the land is lst t the sea, and ther remaining places will be s ht that it will be abslutely impssible fr us t survive. Cuntries that we cnsider t be ht these days will be even mre s if temperatures increase by 5, 10, even 15 degrees. It is pssible, then, that the nce frzen ples f the Arctic and Antarctica will be suitable enugh t live in, having melted its ice and warmed up.
It’s scary t think f ur descendents(后代) struggling t survive in a virtually uninhabitable wrld. Perhaps if peple start t realize hw their actins nw can have such an impact n future generatins, they will change their attitude and start t think mre abut caring fr the envirnment. If nt, we’ll be living in a wrld underwater and will need t think f a way t turn urselves int mermaids! 【文章大意】如果不改变我们现在的生活方式, 地球温度将继续上升, 导致海水上涨, 低海拔地区将被淹没, 其他地区也将热得无法生存, 人们不得不进化成“美人鱼”!
5. What abut ur planet in 1, 000 years accrding t the text? A. There will be mre water. B. Winter will becme mild. C. Lw-lying islands will disappear. D. Sea levels will rise in the plar regins. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知, 如果气温继续上升, 大约1 000年后, 低海拔的沿海地区将被水淹没。故选C。
6. What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3? A. Ht places tday will becme clder. B. Humans might evlve int mermaids. C. Fewer places will be suitable t live. D. The earth will be ttally cvered by water. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知, 气候持续变暖会导致海平面上升, 淹没大部分地区, 适合人们居住的空间越来越小。C选项符合题意。
7. What des the authr appeal t peple t d? A. Care fr the envirnment. B. Learn t live like a mermaid. C. Take gd care f ur children. D. Struggle fr ur survival. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“they will change their attitude and start t think mre abut caring fr the envirnment. ”可知, 作者写这篇文章主要想让人们改变态度, 多考虑关心环境。A选项符合题意。
8. Which wrd can describe the authr’s attitude twards glbal warming? A. Optimistic. 　　　　B. Wrried. C. Terrified. D. Uncncerned. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。根据文章内容以及最后一段中“It’s scary t think f ur descendents struggling t survive in a virtually uninhabitable wrld. ”可知, 作者对目前的气候变化给人类带来的灾难感到忧虑。故选B。scary作形容词, 意为“使人惊慌的”。
【知识拓展】佳词积累 1. temperature　 n. 温度; 气温 2. extreme adj. 极端的 3. melt v. 融化 4. particularly adv. 尤其; 特别地 5. abslutely adv. 绝对地; 完全地 6. generatin n. 一代; 一代人 7. impact n. &v. 影响
Ⅱ. 完形填空 Many peple set an academic gal: graduating frm cllege. 　1　, ne wman waited a lng time t 　2　 that gal. Last week, 84-year-ld Janet Fein received her bachelr’s 　3　 f scilgy (社会学) frm the University f Texas at Dallas.  
Fein 　4　 in New Yrk City. In high schl, she just wanted t 　5　 and get a jb. After 　6　 early, at the age f 16, she went t wrk. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying hme with her children. She held several jbs thrughut her life, 　7　 20 years as a secretary at a Dallas hspital. But she still wanted t 　8　 a bachelr’s degree.  
Fein 　9　 a prgram that lets peple aged 65 and lder take free classes at universities. “With each class I already 　10　 a lt, but then I als learned a lt. ” Health experts say cntinuing with educatin later in life is ne way t keep 　11　. They believe keeping active and giving yurself smething t lk frward t is a 　12　 mve.  
In Fein’s case, she kept ging t class even as her health cnditins 　13　. She needed t use a walker (助步器) t get arund and required xygen. She als 　14　 knee prblems. S, Fein tk 　15　 classes t finish the last part f her degree requirements. But she never shwed 　16　 f giving up.  
Tracy Glass, Fein’s classmate, said Fein’s persnal 　17　 f wrld events — like the wmen’s mvement — imprved a lt f class discussins. Their scilgy teacher Carl Lanham 　18　 that Fein made the classrm experience mre meaningful fr ther students.  
Fein has als 　19　 her caregiver Renee Brwn. At 53, she plans t begin nursing schl t 　20　 her career. Fein tld her, “Renee, yu can d it. If I can d it, yu can d it, and yu will feel s gd abut it. ” 【文章大意】本文是记叙文, 讲述了珍妮特·费恩在84岁高龄获得社会学学士学位的励志故事。
1. A. HweverB. TherefreC. InsteadD. Mrever【解析】选A。句意: 许多人都会给自己定一个学术目标: 从大学毕业。然而, 一位女士等待了很久才达成这一目标。前后两句是转折关系, 故用Hwever。
2. A. missB. acceptC. setD. reach【解析】选D。句意: 一位女士等待了很久才达成这一目标。 miss错过; 想念; accept接受; set 放; 置; reach 达到。
3. A. psitin B. applicatinC. fferD. degree【解析】选D。句意: 上周, 84岁的珍妮特·费恩拿到了得克萨斯大学达拉斯分校的社会学学士学位。 psitin位置, 方位; applicatin 申请; ffer提议; degree 程度; 学位。
4. A. gt byB. grew upC. passed byD. tk ff【解析】选B。句意: 费恩在纽约市长大。 gt by通过; 经过; grew up 长大; passed by经过; 走过; tk ff 起飞。
5. A. teachB. studyC. finishD. retire【解析】选C。句意: 她只想结束高中学业去找工作。 teach教; study 学习; finish完成; 结束; retire 退休。
6. A. wrkingB. settling dwnC. graduatingD. giving up【解析】选C。句意: 16岁早早毕业后, 她就去工作了。 wrking工作; settling dwn定居; 安定下来; graduating 毕业; giving up 放弃。
7. A. suppsingB. regardingC. cncerningD. including【解析】选D。句意: 她一生中做过好几份工作, 包括在达拉斯一家医院当了20年秘书。 suppsing 假设; 认为; regarding认为; 把……看作; cncerning涉及; 关系到; including 包括。
8. A. earnB. makeC. checkD. abandn【解析】选A。句意: 但她仍然想获得一个学士学位。earn获得; make做; 制造; check核对; abandn 放弃。
9. A. tk part inB. was in charge fC. handled withD. was aware f【解析】选A。句意: 费恩参加了一个项目, 该项目允许65岁及以上的老人在公立大学免费就读。 tk part in 参加; was in charge f掌控; handled with处理; was aware f 意识到。
10. A. paidB. knewC. cnsideredD. frgt【解析】选B。句意: “即便已经充分了解每节课的内容, 但还是能学到不少知识。”(丰富的工作经历已经让她了解了课程的很多内容)paid支付; knew知道; 了解; cnsidered考虑; frgt 忘记。
11. A. awakeB. calmC. fitD. quiet【解析】选C。句意: 健康专家表示, 晚年继续接受教育是保持健康的一种方法。 awake醒着的; calm 冷静的; fit 健康的; quiet 安静的。
12. A. psitiveB. discuragingC. specialD. difficult【解析】选A。句意: 保持积极的心态并且有所期待是非常积极的一种举措。 psitive积极的; discuraging令人灰心的; special 特别的; difficult 困难的。
13. A. imprvedB. wrsenedC. strengthenedD. required【解析】选B。句意: 以费恩来说, 即使健康状况恶化, 她仍坚持上课。 imprved提升; wrsened 恶化; 变得更坏; strengthened 加强; required 要求。根据后文可知费恩需要借助助步器行走, 还需要吸氧。她的膝盖状况也不好。这说明她的健康状况恶化了。
14. A. causedB. slvedC. develpedD. destryed【解析】选C。句意: 她的膝盖状况不好, 根据“knee prblems”可知费恩的膝盖也有问题。 caused导致; 引起; slved 解决; develped 患(病); 出现(问题); destryed 摧毁; 毁灭。
15. A. academicB. regularC. additinalD. nline【解析】选D。句意: 所以费恩参加了在线课程, 以完成学位要求的最后一部分课程。academic学术的; regular 定期的; additinal 附加的、另外的; nline 在线的、网上的。根据前文可知费恩的身体健康状况很不好, 所以为了获得学位, 她应该是参加了网上课程, 这样不用奔波。
16. A. symblsB. significanceC. signsD. signals【解析】选C。句意: 但她从未有过放弃的迹象。symbls象征; significance意义; 重要性; signs 迹象; signals 信号。
17. A. memriesB. perfrmanceC. preferencesD. interest【解析】选A。memries记忆; perfrmance 表演; preferences 偏爱、优先; interest 兴趣。根据“84-year-ld Janet Fein”可知费恩已经84岁了, 她一定经历过妇女运动等世界大事, 所以这里要表达的是费恩对妇女运动等世界大事的个人记忆提高了课堂讨论的氛围。
18. A. criticizedB. agreedC. arguedD. recmmended【解析】选B。句意: 她们的社会学老师卡罗尔·拉纳姆也认同费恩让课堂体验对其他学生来说更具意义。 criticized批评; agreed 同意; argued争论; recmmended 推荐。
19. A. praisedB. amazedC. cmfrtedD. inspired【解析】选D。句意: 费恩也激励了自己的护理员蕾妮·布朗。 praised 赞扬; amazed使惊讶; cmfrted安慰; inspired 激励; 启发。
20. A. startB. furtherC. changeD. discver【解析】选B。句意: 今年53岁的她计划进入护理学校来进一步提升自己的事业。 start开始; further促进、推进; change改变; discver发现。
【知识拓展】熟词生义小结At 53, she plans t begin nursing schl t further her career. 此处further用作动词, 意为“提升”。熟词生义在高考阅读理解和完形填空中经常出现, 一个单词在不同的语境中有不同含义。平常学习多留意熟词生义, 能极大减小学生的阅读困难或理解偏差。
例1(2017·全国卷Ⅰ): Our exhibits will feed yur mind. (v. 满足) 例2(2017·全国卷Ⅰ): Our café ffers a cmplete menu f lunch and snack ptins, in additin t seasnal specials. (n. 特色菜) 例3(2017·全国卷Ⅱ): We were respectful f craft and fcused n digging int the characters we were ging t play. (v. 研究)
Ⅲ. 语法填空(诵读经典改编)　　Animal activists 1. ________(gather) n Hllywd Bulevard when “Rise f the Planet f the Apes” 2. __________(shw)t the public last mnth 3. _____(say) “Thanks fr nt using real apes (猿)! ” t the filmmakers, 4. ____used mtin-capture (动作捕捉) technlgy t create digitalized 5. _______(animal).  　　Yet“Apes” is mre exceptin 6. ____the rule. In fact, a number f films have drawn the anger f activists because animals are nt treated 7. ________(prper) in the films.
One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the 8. _________(treat) f animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs 9. ___mre than 2, 000 prductins. But there are questins abut the films 10. _____(make)utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the States.
阅读填句(2021·四川模拟)　　Amng the utbreak f COVID-19 the Wrld Health Organizatin(WHO) has ffered basic prtective measures t the public against the virus. 　　Wash hands frequently with sap and water r use an alchl-based hand rub if yur hands are nt visibly dirty. 　1　 
　　　2　 If yu sneeze r cugh int yur hands, yu may cntaminate (污染; 传染) bjects r peple that yu tuch. Thrw tissues immediately int a clsed bin and clean hands with alchl-based hand rub r sap and water.  　　Keep at least ne-meter distance between yurself and ther peple, particularly thse wh are cughing, sneezing and have a fever, because cughs r sneezes f peple wh are infected with a respiratry(呼吸系统) disease prject (喷射) small drps cntaining the virus. 　3　 
　　Avid tuching eyes, nse and muth because hands tuch many surfaces, which can be cntaminated with the virus. If yu tuch yur eyes, nse r muth with yur cntaminated hands, yu can transfer the virus frm the surface t yurself. 　　Tell yur health care prvider if yu have traveled in an area where the epidemic(流行病) has been reprted, r if yu have been in clse cntact with smene wh has respiratry symptms.
　　Practice general hygiene(卫生) measures when visiting live animal markets, wet markets r animal prduct markets. 　4　 Avid cntact with ptentially cntaminated animal waste r fluids n the sil r structures f shps and market facilities.  　　　5　 Handle raw meat, milk, r animal rgans carefully t avid crss-cntaminatin with uncked fd.  
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。在新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的爆发中, 世界卫生组织(世卫组织)向公众提供了针对该病毒的基本保护措施。文章介绍了应采取的保护措施。
A. Avid eating animal prducts. B. If yu are t clse, yu can breathe in the virus. C. This helps knwing the virus if it’s n yur hands. D. Avid eating raw r undercked animal prducts. E. This helps remving the virus if it’s n yur hands. F. Strictly avid any cntact with ther animals in the market. G. Cver yur muth and nse with tissues when cughing and sneezing.
1. 【解析】选E。细节理解题。上文提示可知经常用肥皂和水洗手, 如果你的手不是很脏, 可以用含酒精的洗手液。承接上文, E项This helps remving the virus if it’s n yur hands(如果它在你的手上, 这有助于去除病毒。)切题。故选E。2. 【解析】选G。细节理解题。根据下文提示可知如果你用手打喷嚏或咳嗽, 你可能会污染你接触的物体或人。承接下文, G项 Cver yur muth and nse with tissues when cughing and sneezing(咳嗽和打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住口鼻)切题。故选G。
3. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据上文提示可知与他人保持至少一米的距离, 尤其是那些咳嗽、打喷嚏和发烧的人, 因为感染了呼吸道疾病的人咳嗽或打喷嚏时, 会喷出含有病毒的小液滴。承接上文, B项 If yu are t clse, yu can breathe in the virus(如果你离得太近, 你会吸入病毒。)切题。故选B。4. 【解析】选F。细节理解题。根据上文提示可知到访活生动物市场、水货市场或动物产品市场时, 应注意卫生。再根据下文提示“避免接触可能被污染的动物粪便或地上的液体, 避免接触商店和市场的设施。”承接上下文, F项 Strictly avid any cntact with ther animals in the market(严禁接触市场上的其他动物)切题。故选F。
5. 【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据下文可知小心处理生肉、牛奶或动物器官, 避免与未煮熟的食物交叉污染。承接下文, D项Avid eating raw r undercked animal prducts(避免进食生的或未煮熟的动物产品)切题。故选D。