2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 1 Looking forwards

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 1 Looking forwards，共9页。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·河南质检)
Frm helping rescued animals find permanent hmes t prviding care fr chimpanzees(黑猩猩)that have fund shelter，there’s always a vlunteering site fr every animal lver.Here are sme amazing pprtunities.
Seattle Humane Sciety
Seattle Humane Sciety has been helping animals since 1897.In 2013，it adpted ut a recrd f 6,297 pets.It prvides a wide range f prgrams，including dg training，a pet fd bank and vlunteer pprtunities fr animal lvers.A six­mnth cmmitment is required，and all vlunteers must be at least 18 years ld.
Chimpanzee Shelter Nrthwest
Chimpanzee Shelter Nrthwest was funded in 2003 as a shelter fr chimpanzees.It lies in the fthills f the Cascade Muntains,90 miles east f Seattle.Vlunteers have a unique pprtunity t see what it takes t run a shelter.It has three levels f vlunteers：Level Ⅰ vlunteers help with meal preparatin；Level Ⅱ vlunteers help the staff clean the shelter；level Ⅲ vlunteers are trained t interact directly with the chimpanzees.
Hpe Fr Hrses
Hpe Fr Hrses has an all­vlunteer team that has helped hundreds f severely abused hrses since 2001.It als rescued a variety f ther animals ver the years，including dnkeys，chickens，geese and a gat.Vlunteers prvide hands­n care fr hrses and ther animals，including medical research，site visits and assistance with adptin.All vlunteers must be 18 years ld.
Purrfect Pals
Purrfect Pals，which was funded in 1988，is the Pacific Nrthwest’s largest cat­nly adptin shelter and rganizatin.And it’s ne f the largest cat­nly shelters in Nrth America as well.It finds hme fr ver 2,000 cats each year.It asks fr a five­mnth cmmitment and vlunteers must be 18 r lder.
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要给热爱动物的人介绍了几个做志愿者的机会。)
1．What’s the text intended t intrduce?
A．Benefits f being animal lvers.
B．Permanent hmes fr rescued animals.
C．Vlunteer pprtunities fr animal lvers.
D．Cmmitments f vlunteers at animal shelters.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。通读全文尤其是根据第一段中的“there’s always a vlunteering site fr every animal lver.Here are sme amazing pprtunities”可知，本文主要给热爱动物的人介绍了一些做志愿者的机会。故选C项。
2．Which f the fllwing has the lngest histry?
A．Seattle Humane Sciety.
B．Chimpanzee Shelter Nrthwest.
C．Hpe Fr Hrses.
D．Purrfect Pals.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章对四个动物救护站的介绍可知，它们成立的时间分别是：1897年、2003年，2001年和1988年。由此可知，Seattle Humane Sciety的历史最悠久。故选A项。
3．In what way is Chimpanzee Shelter Nrthwest different frm the ther three?
A．It lies within the city f Seattle.
B．It sets n age limit fr vlunteers.
C．It is cmpletely run by vlunteers.
D．It is a shelter fr nly ne kind f animals.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章对四个动物救护站的介绍可知，其他三个救护站都对志愿者有年龄限制，只有Chimpanzee Shelter Nrthwest没有对志愿者的年龄设限。
B
(2021·江苏镇江八校联考)
An early mrning winter strm had brught several inches f snw in my small twn in the muntains.Schls were canceled，rads were dangerus and all I wanted t d was t stay in bed.Still，I knew I had t get the day started s I put n warm clthes and walked utside.The snw gt all ver my shes.The cld wind dried my lips and my eyes.My 47­year­ld back ached in anticipatin(预想) f the shveling(铲雪) I wuld have t d if the snw didn’t stp sn.
Yet，when I lked ut n the white blanket that cvered the grund，I culdn’t help but smile a bit.It was s beautiful.It sftened the bare trees and hid the dead grass.In the distance I culd hear the sund f the snwplw n the rad，the barking f a happy dg and the laughter f children playing utside，enjying their way ff frm schl.
The sweet music f that laughter brught back a hundred memries f winters past.I remembered catching snwflakes(雪花)n my tngue，building snwmen，making snw angels，running dwn hills and always lsing snwball fights with first my brthers and then my wn children.Standing there in that warmcat f memries made the wind a little less cld and my back a little less sre.I turned up my head，stuck ut my tngue and fr the first time in years caught a snwflake n it.It tasted s fresh and clean.It tasted like yuth，like jy and like lve.
May yu always feel yung in spirit，n matter hw ld r achy yur bdy may be.May yu always delight in the simple jys f life.May yu always share yur happiness with the hearts f children.And may yu always give yur lve，yur light，yur laughter and yur warmth t thers even n the cldest days.
4．What was the authr’s first reactin when he knew it snwed heavily?
A．He was upset. B．He was happy.
C．He was thankful. D．He was mved.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“all I wanted t d was t stay in bed”及第二段中的“Yet，when I lked ut n the white blanket that cvered the grund，I culdn’t help but smile a bit.”可知，作者刚知道雪下得很大时感到有些沮丧，故A项正确。
5．Frm the underlined sentence in Paragraph l，we can knw that “ ”．
A．my back ached because f the cld weather.
B．I didn’t want t start my day n such a snwy day.
C．my back wuld ache upn thinking f cleaning up the snw.
D．the snw didn’t stp and I felt t cld.
答案 C
解析 句意理解题。根据画线句和前面作者很不情愿起床可知，此句的本意是：一想到要清理积雪，我的背就疼了。画线句中的关键词“in anticipatin f”对应选项中的“upn thinking f”。故选C。
6．Frm which senses did the authr describe the jy f having snw?
A．Taste and smell.
B．Sight and smell.
C．Smell，hearing and taste.
D．Sight，hearing and taste.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二、三段对雪景的描述可知，作者分别从视觉(lked ut n the white blanket)、听觉(I culd hear the sund f the snwplw n the rad，the barking f a happy dg and the laughter f children playing utside)和味觉(It tasted s fresh and clean)来描述雪带来的快乐。故选D。
7．What des the authr mainly want t tell us with this article?
A．Appreciate every snwstrm yu spend with yur family.
B．Snw brings bth fun and truble.
C．Memries can change ur pinin.
D．We shuld stay yung at heart.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“May yu always feel yung in spirit，n matter hw ld r achy yur bdy may be.”可推知，作者想通过描述这场雪带来的感受告诉我们要保持年轻的心态。故选D。
C
Scientists at a Nevada earthquake lab tested new bridge designs last Wednesday.The designs have cnnectrs which they say are innvative(创新的)．The designs were created t better stand vilent earthquakes and speed recnstructin effrts after majr quake damage.
The engineers in University f Nevada，Ren perfrmed the experiments n a huge “shake table”．They attempted t simulate(模拟) the vilent mvements f an earthquake hitting a 100­tn,70­ft bridge mdel.They wanted t see hw well it wuld hld up.Graduate students measured and marked signs f tiny cracks.But n majr structural damage was bserved in the initial review f the experiments.“The bridge has dne better than we expected，” said Saiid Saiidi.He is a prfessr f civil and envirnmental engineering，als the prject leader.He’s dne related research fr mre than 30 years.
Bridges are already designed nt t fall apart in earthquakes.But they are ften unsafe fr travel after big quakes.He said the tested designs used special types f cnnectrs t link pre­made bridge parts.This included high­perfrmance cncrete.The parts have been tested n their wn.But they were never tested befre cmbined in a bridge mdel subjected t realistic earthquake mvements，like the 1994 Nrthridge，Califrnia quake.Wednesday’s test inside the University f Nevada’s Earthquake Engineering Labratry simulated the activities f a quake as large as magnitude innvative cnnectrs allw fr ready­made cncrete and ther materials t be attached t an existing bridge fundatin.This shuld speed repair and recnstructin.
The University f Nevada’s Earthquake Engineering Labratry is the largest f its kind in the United States.The latest prject is funded by the Califrnia Department f Transprtatin，which is currently develping plans fr 10 pilt prjects based n the develping bridge cnnectr technlgy.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，介绍了内华达地震实验室对新型桥梁设计进行测试的成果。)
8．Why did the scientists wrk n the new bridge designs?
A．T bserve quake damage.
B．T measure structural damage.
C．T simulate vilent earthquakes.
D．T accelerate repair and rebuilding f bridges.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，新型桥梁设计的目的是为了更好地抵御强烈的地震，加快大地震破坏后的重建工作。由此可知，该设计是为了让桥梁经受住剧烈地震以及震后迅速修复桥梁。故选D项。
9．What is Prfessr Saiid Saiidi’s attitude twards the experiments?
A．Satisfied. B．Disappinted.
C．Indifferent. D．Curius.
答案 A
解析 观点态度题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，Saiid Saiidi教授对这个实验的结果很满意。故选A项。
10．Which f the fllwing can describe the experiments?
A．They were cnducted in a small lab.
B．They caused huge cracks n the mdel.
C．They cmbined bridge parts with cnnectrs.
D．They tested the bridges in genuine earthquakes.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，试验中使用连接器连接桥梁部件。故选C项。
11．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T slve a prblem.
B．T present a research result.
C．T give practical advice.
D．T prevent damage frm happening.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段第一句可知，本文的写作目的是介绍内华达地震实验室对新型桥梁进行试验的成果。故选B项。
D
(2021·百师联盟第一次联考)
Mst credit cards tday use magnetic strips(磁条) that hld the encrypted(加密) data abut the wner’s bank accunt and persnal identificatin number called a PIN.Other credit cards hld the data in memry chips that cmmunicate wirelessly with card readers.Bth systems are easy t be attacked.Criminals can secretly find a way t enter the cmputer systems f the banks r retailers(零售商)，and steal the data illegally r，as in the case f Target，disturb the card readers in stres by implanting virus.
Nw，scientists in Britain say they are develping a way t make encrypted data mre secure by string it in the plastic itself.Grdn Smith，a retired prfessr at Warwick Manufacturing Grup，at the University f Warwick，says researchers are using a plastic mlding (模具) machine t encrypt data with the clrs f the card.“As it’s making that plastic frm a mlten plastic int a slid cmpnent，we are mving the pigments (颜料) s that they frm specific images.The way the pigment is arranged in a particular way inside the plastic ensures the security f the data.When the card is passed thrugh a special scanner，similar t magnetic strip readers，the sftware reads the fixed image cntaining the data.” When we first develped the images within the plastic，it lked as thugh it wuld just be an artistic aspect t it，but then we’ve realized that nce we culd make it cvert，we culd clr the plastic s that the image was hidden，then it became smething a lt mre special.
Smith admits the system culd be cmprmised if smene discvers hw the card was made，but says that’s unlikely.The cunterfeiter wuld need t have access t an injectin mlding machine that csts mre than $300,000.
The patent fr this new methd is nt yet fficially recgnized，and it has nt been used cmmercially at all.But Smith says sme credit card cmpanies have already indicated they are interested in the technlgy.
12．Hw d criminals threaten tday’s credit cards?
A．By rbbing the users and damaging their cards.
B．By stealing the cards frm banks r supermarkets.
C．By cpying the card readers and using them in stres.
D．By prgramming the cmputer with virus t damage the data.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，犯罪分子通过在计算机上设置病毒来破坏数据，从而威胁到信用卡的使用。故选D。
13．What can we knw abut the new way f encrypting data?
A．The data is nt stred in the cmputer.
B．The data is secured by the clrs f the card.
C．The data is invisible t criminals.
D．The data is hidden in a cmplex chip.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“researchers are using a plastic mlding(模具) machine t encrypt data with the clrs f the card”可知，数据是由卡的颜色保护的。故选B。
14．Why will the new encrypting system be much safer?
A．The card is made f plastics.
B．The system is secured with memry chips.
C．The injectin mlding machine is expensive.
D．Credit card cmpanies will prduce the cards secretly.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，史密斯承认，如果有人发现了这张卡是如何制作的，系统就会受到威胁，但这是不可能的。伪造者需要使用价值超过30万美元的注塑机。由此可知，新的加密系统会更安全，是因为注塑机很贵。故选C。
15．What des the underlined wrd “cunterfeiter” refer t in Paragraph 3?
A．Criminal. B．Inventr.
C．Discverer. D．Banker.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段落内容可知，史密斯表示那些发现了这种卡是如何制作的人(即犯罪分子)也不可能威胁到系统，因为这些犯罪分子需要使用价值超过30万美元的注塑机才能制造出这种卡。由此可知，画线词意思为“犯罪分子”。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·江苏四市五区联考)
There are nw lts f prducts and services n the market. 1 It is vital，therefre，fr a cmpany t distinguish itself frm its cmpetitrs by having a strng cmpany image which is immediately recgnizable.
Lgs are part f this image. 2 The lg establishes a visual identity fr the cmpany，just as different grups f yung peple express their identity thrugh hairstyles and clthes.All grups frm all cultures and thrughut the ages have used clrs and symbls t shw their identity.
3 Sme clrs may be cnnected with cldness in ne culture and with warmth in anther.Sme clrs represent life in ne culture but death in anther.Internatinal cmpanies have，therefre，t make sure that their lgs will nt be misunderstd in different cuntries.
The lgs f large internatinal cmpanies are instantly recgnizable thrughut the wrld.One f the mst famus lgs is that f Cca­Cla.The design f the wrds “Cca­Cla” has nt changed since 1886，althugh the surrunding design has been changed frm time t time.Many cmpanies have，ver the years，renewed their lgs. 4
Lgs are used n packaging and brchures as well as n the prduct itself.They may als appear in newspapers r n televisin as part f an advertising campaign. 5 The lg helps t prmte this image and t fix it in the minds f the custmers.Lgs，therefre，need t be riginal and t have impact and style.
A．Cmpanies need t have a strng crprate identity.
B．In different cultures，different clrs carry different meanings.
C．Clrs and symbls，different in meanings，help identify a cmpany.
D．Many f them are similar in cntent thugh prduced by different cmpanies.
E．They are symbls which ften include a name r initials t identify a cmpany.
F．S，they can better fit in with cntemprary design and present mre pwerful images.
G．In this way，they are easier t be distinguished frm thse f the cmpeting cmpanies.
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是商标对公司的影响与重要性。)
1．答案 D
解析 前一句话讲到了市场上有很多产品与服务项目，后文提到需要用一个可识别的东西来区分自己和别的竞争者。选项D “其中许多都是由不同的公司制作，但内容相似”承上启下，符合语境。
2．答案 E
解析 前一句话提到商标是形象的一部分，后一句话提到商标可以为公司建立视觉识别。选项E “它们是一些符号，通常包括一个名字或首字母来识别一个公司”，承上启下，符合语境。其中“They”指代上文中的“Lgs”。
3．答案 B
解析 下文举例说明颜色在不同的文化中有不同的含义。故选项B “在不同的文化中，不同的颜色有不同的含义”符合语境。
4．答案 F
解析 这段刚开始讲了虽然可口可乐的很多设计变了但是它的lg一直未变，空处的前一句讲了很多公司更新了他们的lg，故选项F “因此，它们能更好地融入当代设计，呈现出更有震撼力的画面”符合语境。
5．答案 A
解析 identity与后文image呼应，公司需要一个强大的identity，lg可以帮助促进形象并使之深入人心。故选项A “公司需要有一个强大的企业形象”符合语境。语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。 作者通过描述一场大雪给自己带来的由沮丧到快乐的心理变化，并希望我们保持年轻的心态。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国科学家正在研发一种方法，通过将加密的数据存储在塑料中以使信用卡中的数据更安全。