2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 3 The world meets China

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 3 The world meets China，共10页。

Unit 3　The world meets China
阅读·提速练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·河南平顶山质检)
Museum of Modern Art
Its galleries are full of heavy weights，such as Van Gogh，Matisse，Picasso，Warhol.Since its founding in 1929，the museum has a collection of around 200,000 art works.Here，families can take advantage of special tours and art talks designed for kids or drop by the Family Art Lab to create artworks of their own.
Audio(音频)guides are free，available on a device from the museum in several languages.
Guggenheim Museum
Designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright and completed in 1959，the structure was thought very little of at first，but soon people welcomed it warmly.The museum has since opened other notable branches in Bilbao，Venice and，in the future，Abu Dhabi.
Pick up the free audio­guide or download the Guggenheim app for more information.
American Museum of Natural History
Founded in 1869，it contains more than 34 million objects as well as the Rose Center for Earth & Space.From October through May，the museum is home to the Butterfly Conservatory where there are 500­plus butterflies from all over the world that will fly about and land on your arm.
Audio­guides are free.
Metropolitan Museum of Art
The vast collection of antique artworks contained within this museum founded in 1870 is one of the world’s largest and most important，with more than two million objects from around the globe.
The 1st­floor ancient Egyptian collection is above comparison，so do not miss the Temple of Dendur built around 10 BC and moved straight from the banks of the Nile in 1978.
Self­guided audio tours(adult/child$7/5) are available in 10 languages.Avoid weekends for there’re so many visitors.
语篇解读　这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个著名博物馆的修建时间、各自的藏品以及给参观者提供音频服务等内容。

1．Which museum plans to run a branch?
A．Guggenheim Museum.
B．Museum of Modern Art.
C．Metropolitan Museum of Art.
D．American Museum of Natural History.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据Guggenheim Museum部分中的“The museum has since opened other notable branches in Bilbao，Venice and，in the future，Abu Dhabi.”可知， Guggenheim Museum准备在Abu Dhabi开分馆。故选A。
2．What is special about Metropolitan Museum of Art?
A．It was moved from Egypt in 1978.
B．It is the world’s largest museum.
C．It has a temple as its collection.
D．It is free to visitors on weekends.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据Metropolitan Museum of Art部分第二段的内容可知，一楼的古埃及藏品无与伦比，该馆中的丹铎神庙是1978年从尼罗河岸直接搬运到这里的，所以该馆有庙宇作为收藏品，这是它的特殊之处。故选C。
3．What do the museums above have in common?
A．They give children a discount.
B．They offer audio tour guides.
C．They are at least 80 years old.
D．They’re connected with nature.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。通读全文内容可知，四个博物馆均提到了audio guides，即音频服务(有的博物馆要收费，有的是免费的)，所以这四个博物馆的共同之处是都为游客提供了音频服务。故选B。
B
(2020·安徽合肥一模)
Adventure­seeker Emma broke her ankle when she fell awkwardly while climbing a rock and spent a week in hospital waiting for an operation on her foot.When she was sent home to recover under strict instructions not to bear any weight，she became so fearful of crutches(拐杖) that she didn’t move for three weeks.“I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself.So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day，” says Emma.
She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run—a quarterly event that she hasn’t missed since 2014.“If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year，one in each season，you get Alpha Wolf status，” explains Emma.“This year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I’d lose my status.” So she was willing to try anything to get through the course—even with her injured ankle.
“I was telling my friend that I was going to cancel，and he persuaded me to give it a go.Having something to aim for really kept me going.” Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2.0，which is a medically­approved device and it basically functions like a hi­tech artificial leg，allowing users to walk freely.“I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery.I could move around the house and start getting out and about again，which had a real impact on my mental well­being.”
On the day of the race，Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated.Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up her 23rd Wolf Run in five years.“It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going，” says Emma.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述冒险家艾玛在攀爬岩石时不慎摔倒，脚踝骨折，在医院里等了一个星期做脚部手术。但她在5年内完成了第23次“狼跑”。

4．Why was Emma frightened to use a crutch?
A．She was afraid of recovering slowly.
B．She was warned not to move around.
C．She just had an operation on her foot.
D．She often got injured when using one.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself.So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day，’ says Emma.”(“我试过用拐杖，但总是摔倒受伤。所以我真的一整天都待在沙发上，”艾玛说)可知，艾玛不敢使用拐杖是因为她经常在使用时受伤。故选D。
5．What does the underlined word “gutted” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Extremely sad. B．A bit relieved.
C．Very surprised. D．Pretty cheerful.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中“This year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I’d lose my status.(今年将是我连续第五年成为阿尔法狼，我真的很沮丧，因为我将失去我的地位)”可推知，画线词的意思是“非常难过的”。故选A。
6．What actually made Emma take part in the race?
A．Her new hi­tech artificial leg.
B．Her fear of letting her friend down.
C．Her strong desire to achieve her ambition.
D．Her complete recovery from the operation.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“So she was willing to try anything to get through the course—even with her injured ankle.(所以她愿意尝试任何方法来完成比赛——即使她的脚踝受伤了)”可知，实现抱负的强烈愿望使艾玛参加了比赛。故选C。
7．Which of the following best describes Emma?
A．Strong­willed. B．Supportive.
C．Creative. D．Humorous.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On the day of the race，Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated.Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up her 23rd Wolf Run in five years.(比赛那天，艾玛很紧张，但人们的欢呼声激励着她。艾玛仅用了不到6个小时就冲过了终点线，并在5年内完成了第23次‘狼跑’)”可推知，她意志坚强。故选A。
C
(2021·河南平顶山质检)
The COVID­19 has led to a great demand for bikes and biking.Bike stores are struggling hard to keep up with the demand.In the United States，bike sales have seen their biggest jump since the 1970s.Sales of adult bikes in April of 2020 were three times as high as last year.The situation is similar in Asia and Europe.Around 90% of the bikes sold in the US are made in China.But because of the COVID­19，even the normal supply of bicycles wasn’t being created.That demand began to go up in mid­March，as people began looking for ways of getting around that didn’t involve crowded public transportation.Because biking happens in the open air，and the chance of catching the disease while riding is very low.
Biking has also grown more popular because it’s one of the few forms of exercise allowed in many lockdowns.With gyms and fitness centers shut down，biking fills a need for many active people.Families appreciate biking，too.With schools closed，and kids unable to hang out with their friends，biking is a welcome activity.Bikes are also practical.Many cities are seeing this as an opportunity to make their streets safer and greener.Cities around the world are adding miles and miles of bike lanes(车道)to their streets to encourage biking，New York says it will close off up to 160 kilometers of roads so they can be used by bikers and walkers.Paris has set up over 650 kilometers of new bike lanes.The United Kingdom plans to double its number of bike lanes.In Milan，Italy,35 kilometers of roads have been metamorphosed.
Though many of these bike lane additions are temporary，and some people assume these additions seem to destroy the overall beauty of cities，if changes in biking habits become permanent because of additions，they could seriously cut down car traffic and help make cities a lot greener.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。新冠病毒的流行导致人们对骑自行车的兴趣激增；各地自行车供不应求，世界各大城市也正在努力增加自行车道，希望借此缓解交通，让城市更加绿色环保。

8．What can we conclude about the present bike situation?
A．It is more expensive.
B．It is safer than a car.
C．It is in short supply.
D．It is all made in China.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段前两句“The COVID­19 has led to a great demand for bikes and biking.Bike stores are struggling hard to keep up with the demand.”可知，现在的自行车供不应求。故选C。
9．What does the underlined word “metamorphosed” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Repaired. B．Transformed.
C．Protected. D．Designed.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前文的内容“New York says it will close off up to 160 kilometers of roads so they can be used by bikers and walkers.Paris has set up over 650 kilometers of new bike lanes.The United Kingdom plans to double its number of bike lanes.”可知，城市在改变道路，供骑自行车使用，而本句与前文在意义上是并列的，也应该在谈意大利的米兰已经改建了35公里的道路(用于骑自行车)，故可推出，“metamorphosed”意为“改变”。故选B。
10．What’s the author’s attitude toward the bike lane additions?
A．Disapproving. B．Cautious.
C．Skeptical. D．Positive.
答案　D
解析　观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的内容可推知，作者对城市增加自行车道持赞成态度。故选D。
11．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Increasing Interest in Biking
B．Ride Bikes，Clean the Earth
C．More Bikes，Fewer Traffic Jams
D．A Great Demand for Bike Exercise
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了新冠病毒的流行导致人们对骑自行车的兴趣激增；各地自行车供不应求，世界各大城市也正在努力增加自行车道，希望借此能缓解交通，让城市更加绿色环保。故选项A最适合作本文的标题。
D
(2021·湖北联考)
The Guardian(卫报) has updated its style guide to introduce terms that more accurately describe the environmental crises facing the world.
Instead of “climate change”，the preferred terms are “climate emergency，crisis or breakdown” and “global heating” is favoured over “global warming”，although the original terms are not banned.
“We want to ensure that we are being scientifically precise，while also communicating clearly with readers on this very important issue，” said the editor­in­chief，Katharine Viner.“The phrase ‘climate change’，for example，sounds rather passive and gentle when what scientists are talking about is a catastrophe for humanity.”
“Increasingly，climate scientists and organisations from the UN to the Met Office are changing their terms，and using stronger language to describe the situation we’re in，” she said.Other terms that have been updated，including the use of “wildlife” rather than “biodiversity”，“fish populations” instead of “fish stocks” and “climate science denier” rather than “climate sceptic”．
Earlier in May，Greta Thunberg，the Swedish teenager who has inspired school strikes for climate around the globe，said：“Can we all now call it what it is：climate breakdown，climate crisis，climate emergency，ecological breakdown，ecological crisis or ecological emergency？”
The update to the Guardian’s style guide follows the addition of the global carbon dioxide level to the Guardian’s daily weather pages.“Levels of CO2 in the atmosphere have risen so dramatically—including a measure of that in our daily weather report is symbolic of what human activity is doing to our climate，” said Viner in April.“People need reminding that the climate crisis is no longer a future problem—we need to tackle it now，and every day matters.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。为了更精确地说明世界环境危机，《卫报》要更新关于环境危机的术语，其主编Katharine Viner对此说明了原因，同时介绍了一些更新后的环境术语。她认为需要提醒人们，气候危机不再是一个未来的问题——我们需要现在就解决它，每一天都很重要。

12．Why is the Guardian changing the language it uses about the environment?
A．To achieve more accurate description of the diverse world we live in.
B．To remove all the negative expressions concerning environment problems.
C．To illustrate the world’s environment crises in a more precise way.
D．To make the terms about environment sound more academic.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，《卫报》更新了其风格指南，引入了更准确地描述世界面临的环境危机的词汇。由此可知，《卫报》改变关于环境的语言，是为了更精确地说明世界环境危机。故选C。
13．In terms of the Guardian’s language changing in the field of environment，which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Since the new terms about environment crises have been adopted，the original ones are all banned.
B．Compared with “climate crisis”，“climate change” sounds more pessimistic and depressing.
C．“Climate crisis” as a stronger term helps to describe the real threat facing the world.
D．Global carbon dioxide level is added to the Guardian’s daily weather pages long before the update of the style guide.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容以及第三段最后一句的内容可知，C选项“‘气候危机’作为一个更有力的术语有助于描述世界面临的真正威胁”正确。故选C。
14．All the following are newly updated terms EXCEPT .
A．wildlife B．fish population
C．climate science denier D．biodiversity
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，其他词汇也进行了更新，包括用“野生动物”而不是“生物多样性”，用“鱼类数量”而不是“鱼类资源”，用“气候科学否认者”而不是“气候怀疑论者”。由此可知，A、B、C三项是新更新的术语，D选项“生物多样性”不是。故选D。
15．Why did Greta Thunberg inspire school strikes for climate?
A．To set a good example for teenagers as a well­behavior student.
B．To show it is urgent to update environment terms.
C．To convey Swedish schools’ willing to listen to different voices from teenagers.
D．To show how popular environment campaigns are among Sweden.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，今年5月初，瑞典少年Greta Thunberg说：“我们现在能把它叫作什么：气候崩溃、气候危机、气候紧急状态、生态崩溃、生态危机和生态紧急状态吗？”由此可推知，Greta Thunberg这么做是为了表明更新环境术语的紧迫性。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·河北衡水质检)
Smile and the world smiles with you. 1 ，then it might be because you’re elderly.
Research has found that older people are less able to spot the friendly faces of those around them.To investigate the phenomenon，Japanese researchers took 30 people with an average age of 21，and 30 people with an average age of 72，and asked them to classify the emotions on different faces.They found that the young people were quicker at detecting both happy and angry faces.Older people’s reaction times were longer for most faces. 2 .
One explanation could be that it can be useful for young people to see a potential friend.So spotting happy faces might be particularly important in young adults. 3 ，it is natural to focus on happy faces.These indicate how one might advance one’s social career or social status.
4 .They had less interest in making new friends，but still retained a strong interest in staying alive.The rapid detection of threatening，angry faces enhances survival by allowing a person to avoid physiological and psychological harm.It indicates that quick detection of angry faces reflects internal self­protection.
The result has practical implications for caring for older patients.Quicker detection of angry faces does not mean older people do not personally welcome a friendly face. 5 .And there will be more beneficial effects of happy facial expressions if carers are seen not only smiling at the older patients they care for，but also at others.
A．But if you can’t see the world smiling
B．As establishing new relationships is significant
C．Because the brain does not spot happy faces quickly
D．When it came to anger，however，they stayed sensitive
E．We can improve the quality of carers by smiling with eye contact
F．Ageing is featured by declining health and smaller social networks
G．In contrast，older people are far more interested in avoiding enemies
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕老年人不太容易认出周围人友好的面孔这一现象，说明了其原因和研究意义。

1．答案　A
解析　根据空前的“Smile and the world smiles with you.”，空后的“then it might be because you’re elderly”以及下一段中的“Research has found that older people are less able to spot the friendly faces of those around them.”可知，本句为过渡句，与上文形成转折，如果你看不到世界的微笑，可能因为你上了年纪。故A选项“但是如果你看不到世界微笑”符合语境。
2．答案　D
解析　根据空前两句可知，年轻人能更快地分辨出高兴和生气的表情。对于大多数面孔来说，老年人的反应是较慢的，本句承接上文继续说明老年人对于不同面部表情的反应，上文中Older people可对应到D选项中的they。故D选项“然而，当涉及愤怒时，他们仍然保持敏感”符合语境。
3．答案　B
解析　根据上文“So spotting happy faces might be particularly important in young adults.”以及后文“it is natural to focus on happy faces”可知，上文提到发现笑脸对年轻人来说非常重要，本句为承接上文说明原因。故B选项“因为建立新的关系很重要”符合语境。
4．答案　G
解析　根据空后的内容可知，本段介绍了老年人能快速识别有威胁的、生气的表情，以避免他们受到伤害，同时与第三段主要介绍年轻人在交朋友的时候更善于识别高兴的表情，构成对比。故G选项“相比之下，老年人对避免敌人更感兴趣”符合语境。
5．答案　E
解析　根据空后的内容可知，本句主要是在说明微笑对护理老年人有实际的意义。后文中的carers可对应到E选项中的carers。故E选项“我们可以通过微笑和眼神交流来提高护理人员的素质”符合语境。