训练01 选择性必修四 Unit 1 Looking forwards-2022年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（外研版2019）

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外研版2019选择性必修四
狂刷01 Unit 1 Looking forwards

一．单句语法填空
1．We weigh up and work out some __________(participate) rules.
2．______ the face of danger，we should not only be brave，but also be cautious.
3．Not all _________(history) buildings are attractive.
4．Because of the absence of the detective，we decide to put _______ the meeting.
5．Upon ________(hear) the funny historical story，everybody burst into laughter.
6．There is no point in _______(push) them unless they are talented and they enjoy it.
7．He has made up his mind not to pass_______an opportunity like this.
8．A series of accidents _______(arise) as a result of the ice on the street the other day.
9．He was________(qualify) and no one questioned his competence as a doctor.
10．Under these_________(circumstance)，you might agree with us that it is a commercial.
答案：1.participation 2 In 3 historical 4 off 5 hearing 6 pushing 7 up 8 arose 9 qualified 10 circumstances
Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
take action, can't get enough of, by contrast, in desperation, be forced to, take a leaf out of one's books, give up, based on
1．The research group produced two reports ________________ the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.
2．She has almost failed the exam, but her sister, ________________， has done very well.
3．He ________________ leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, for which he got into trouble.
4．If you want to buy a house with a garden, you should ________________ and start saving money.
5．Detective movies are very popular, and it seems that people just ________________ the twists and turns and exciting adventures.
6．________________， Mrs. Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.
7．We need more time to see how things develop before we ________________．
8．We're faced with a severe situation where we have ________________ what we're eager for most.
答案：
1．based on　2.by contrast　3.was forced to　4.take a leaf out of your books　5.can't get enough of　6.In desperation　7.take action　8.given up
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共12分)
1．一听到开始的信号，我们一路跑到南山脚下。(on doing...)
___________________________________________
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
2．伯纳德把爆米花都卖了，带着一个空篮子回来了。 (v.­ing的完成式作状语)
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
___________________________________________
3．熊张开嘴，我抓住它的皮毛，好把它推开。(so that 引导目的状语)(2020·浙江，读后续写)
___________________________________________

4．我们不由得下定决心以我们优秀的校友为榜样，使自己对全社会有用。 (can’t help but)(2020·天津，书面表达)
___________________________________________
5．在消防员到达之前我们设法把火扑灭了。(put out)
______________________________________________
6．听到消息他们无不吓得发抖。(on doing)
______________________________________________

7．我姐姐到遥远的山村去参加志愿者活动。(participate)
______________________________________________

8．我非常感谢你在遇到困难时及时给予我帮助。(be faced with)
______________________________________________

9．一旦她下定决心，什么也改变不了。(make up one’s mind)
______________________________________________
答案：
1.On hearing the signal to start，we all ran all the way to the foot of South Hill.
2.Having sold all the popcorn，Bernard returned with an empty basket.
3.The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur so that I could push it away.
4.We can’t help but determine to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates and make ou1rselves useful to the whole society.
5.We managed to put out the fire before the firefighters arrived.
6.On hearing the news all of them were trembling with fear.
7.My sister went to a remote village to participate in the voluntary activity.
8.I greatly appreciate you giving me a timely hand when faced with trouble.
9.Once she has made up her mind，nothing will change it.

Ⅳ.课文语法填空
As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become 1.________ (real).
The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single－minded in his ambition to write. Having set 2.________ (he) this goal, he wrote novels and short 3.________ (story) based on his personal experiences. His short novel The Old Man and the Sea 4.________ (win) the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
5.________ contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as 6.________ doctor. But Doyle's main ambition was 7.________ (become) a writer of historical novels. Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing 8.________ (compare) to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, 9.________ he is still best known for to this day.
Though both of these men were 10.________ (ultimate) successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.
答案：
1．reality　考查名词。空处位于become后，故用其名词形式，become reality表示“成为现实”。
2．himself　考查代词。句意：确立了这个目标后，他根据自己的经历写了一些小说和短篇故事。空处与主语指同一人，故用反身代词。
3．stories　考查名词的数。根据前面的novels and可知，此处应用story的复数形式。
4．won　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in 1953可知，应用一般过去时。
5．By　考查介词。by contrast意为“相比之下”，是固定搭配。
6．a　考查冠词。此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词。
7．to become　考查非谓语动词。ambition作主语时，后面常用不定式作表语。
8．compared　考查非谓语动词。compared to意为“与……相比”。此处用过去分词短语作状语。
9．which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the stories，且在从句中作介词for的宾语，故填which。
10．ultimately　考查副词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处应用副词。



Ⅰ.阅读
Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel's hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The__cat's__lot__was__about__to__improve. That year, one of Benjamin's cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting. William Williams, a well­known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine­year­old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?
A.The cat would be closely watched.
B．The cat would get some medical care.
C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
2．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?
A．He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B．He provided him with painting materials.
C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D．He taught him how to make engravings.
3．Why were Williams' two books helpful to Benjamin?
A．Because they helped him master the use of paints.
B．Because they helped him appreciate landscape paintings.
C．Because they helped him get to know other painters.
D．Because they helped him make up his mind to be a painter.
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.
B．Williams' influence on Benjamin.
C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.
D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
答案Ⅰ.阅读
1．D　推理判断题。由第一段最后一句He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的；由本段后文When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.可知，本杰明的堂兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔。由此可以推断出画线句暗示“他将很快得到真正的画笔”。故选D项。
2．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings by an artist.可知， Pennington送给本杰明绘画材料来帮助他发展艺术才能。故选B项。
3．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中While it is likely... decided then that he would be an artist.可知，这两本书指引了本杰明通往古典绘画，也帮助他下定决心成为一名画家。故选D项。
4．C　主旨大意题。本文从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的，故选C项。

Ⅱ.七选五
A science teacher's job is teaching science to his students. A person who decides to become a science teacher may have many career choices available to him. He may decide to work in a primary school to teach a range of subjects, including science. __1__ Some even choose to earn advanced degrees that allow them to work as college professors.
__2__ They may cover basic science subjects such as biology, chemistry, physics and earth science as well as a full range of other subjects. The subjects a science teacher covers may vary, depending on factors such as where he teaches and the age of the students he's instructing.
A person who wants to become a science teacher for primary­aged students may find it necessary to teach other subjects in addition to science. __3__ In such a classroom, one teacher may instruct students not only in science but also maths, history, language and other subjects.
At the high school level, science teachers usually have the opportunity to focus on their chosen subject. Typically, teachers at this level are required to earn bachelor's degree in the subjects they want to teach in addition to teaching certifications. __4__
College science teachers usually need more advanced degrees to secure their positions. Typically, a full­time science professor needs a doctoral degree in order to do so. __5__ That is because colleges typically need teachers in basic and highly­specialised courses.
A．Science teachers teach various science concepts.
B．Science teachers are good at answering mysterious questions.
C．Often, college science teachers have a wide range of subjects choices.
D．A deep knowledge in the field of science will help applicants stand out.
E．He may also choose to teach a particular science subject in high school.
F．For example, a high school chemistry teacher usually needs a chemistry degree.
G．Many primary schools hire teachers to teach all the basic subjects in one classroom.
答案：Ⅱ.七选五
1．E　根据设空处前一句中的He may decide to work in a primary school及后一句中的work as college professors可知，此处是在介绍想成为理科教师的人的不同职业选择。E项(他还可以选择在高中教授某一特定理科学科)与上下文联系紧密。故选E项。
2．A　根据下文They may cover basic science subjects such as biology, chemistry, physics and earth science as well as a full range of other subjects.可知，理科教师教授各种科学概念。故选A项。
3．G　根据设空处上一句中find it necessary to teach other subjects in addition to science和下一句中的instruct students not only in science but also maths, history, language and other subjects可知，小学的理科老师还要教授其他学科。故选G项。
4．F　根据本段首句中的high school level和第二句中的earn bachelor's degree可定位至F项。设空处前一句讲高中教师需要获得所选科目的学士学位。F项举了化学老师的例子。故选F项。
5．C　本段讲对大学理科教师的要求，根据第一句中的College science teachers和末句中的courses可定位至C项，末句解释了大学理科老师有多种学科选择的原因。

Ⅲ.完形填空
Two years ago, my friend and I were at college. With his birthday approaching, he came to me with an unusual __1__ : instead of receiving presents, he wanted to do some acts of kindness.
I was __2__ for such an idea. Giving instead of receiving presents for the birthday was really difficult. I asked him how he could come up with such a __3__ idea. He told me about a TED talk he had watched on generosity, which had inspired him. So we started to __4__ creative things we could do.
Our university employed some security guards to __5__ its students. They had to work __6__ , keeping watch on every corner throughout the university. For the most part it's a thankless job as most people get __7__ to seeing the guards all around and eventually barely notice their __8__ , let alone acknowledge their efforts. How could we show them our appreciation?
We decided to make a large pot of hot __9__ . We hired an Uber and asked the driver to take us around the campus where we knew the __10__ would be and we poured them each a cup of hot chocolate.The Uber driver was __11__ a bit doubtful about the entire plan but after a while he was helping us __12__ the guards and our lively spirit had __13__ to him as well. We met with many __14__ and appreciative words. It was amazing to see how a __15__ act or even intention of generosity could lift everyone's spirit.
1．A.order B．request
C．problem D．story
2．A.stuck B．blessed
C．satisfied D．bored
3．A.traditional B．complex
C．familiar D．novel
4．A.plan out B．take over
C．watch out D．hold back
5．A.judge B．help
C．save D．protect
6．A.step by step B．around the clock
C．more or less D．now and then
7．A.addicted B．devoted
C．attached D．accustomed
8．A.presence B．hunger
C．poverty D．thirsty
9． A.tea B．milk
C．porridge D．chocolate
10．A.workers B．students
C．guards D．drivers
11．A.finally B．initially
C．occasionally D．frequently
12．A.remind B．track
C．spot D．recognize
13．A.spread B．moved
C．happened D．returned
14．A.friends B．difficulties
C．greetings D．smiles
15．A.similar B．small
C．daily D．modest
Ⅲ.完形填空
1．B　根据空后的“instead of receiving presents, he wanted to do some acts of kindness”可知，作者的朋友提出了不接受礼物而是做一些善事的请求。request意为“请求”，符合语境。
2．A　根据下文中的“was really difficult”可知，作者认为朋友的请求很难。be stuck for意为“不知所措，(为某事)犯愁”，符合语境。
3．D　根据本段的前两句话可知，作者认为朋友的请求很难，所以就问朋友他是怎么想到一个这样新奇的主意的。此处novel作形容词，意为“新颖的”，符合语境。
4．A　作者接受了朋友的建议，开始筹划他们能做的有创意的事。plan out意为“精心安排，筹划”，符合语境。take over“接收，接管”； watch out“注意”；hold back“抑制，隐瞒”。
5．D　根据空前的“security guards”和下文中的“keeping watch on every corner”可知，大学雇用安保人员是为了保护学生。
6．B　空前的They指的是上文中的“security guards”，结合常识和选项可知，这些安保人员要全天工作。around the clock意为“日夜不停”，符合语境。step by step“逐步地”；more or less“几乎，差不多”；now and then“偶尔”。
7．D　根据空后的“eventually barely notice”可知，大多数人已经习惯了在周围看到安保人员，几乎注意不到他们的存在，更不用说认可他们的努力了。get accustomed to“习惯于……”，符合语境。
8．A　参见上题解析。presence意为“存在”，符合语境。
9．D　根据下文中的“poured them each a cup of hot chocolate”可知，作者和朋友决定为这些安保人员做一壶热巧克力。此处属于同词复现。
10．C　结合上文可知，作者和朋友是要去为安保人员送热巧克力。所以选择C项。
11．B　根据空后的“a bit doubtful about the entire plan but after a while”可知，优步车司机起初有些怀疑作者和朋友的做法，但是很快就明白并帮助他们。initially意为“最初”，符合语境。
12．C　根据本段中的“take us around the campus where we knew”可知，优步车司机也帮助作者和朋友发现这些在不同位置的安保人员。spot意为“看见，注意到，发现”，符合语境。remind“提醒”； track“跟踪，追踪”； recognize“认出”。
13．A　根据上文司机帮助作者和朋友找安保人员可知，他们两人高涨的情绪传给了这位司机。spread意为“传播”，符合语境。
14．D　结合空后的“appreciative words”可知，作者和朋友的行为得到了友好的回报，结合选项可知，应选D，这些安保人员对他们微笑。
15．B　结合上文可知，作者和朋友只是为这些安保人员做了热巧克力，但是这样小小的善意的行为让大家都精神振奋，本空与句中的“lift everyone's spirit”形成对比。

Ⅳ.语法填空
Mascots for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and
Paralympic Games(残奥会)
A red lantern baby 1.________ (call) “Shuey Rhon Rhon” and 2.________ energetic giant panda named “Bing Dwen Dwen” have been uncovered as the two mascots for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games. The mascots, known to people on Tuesday night at Beijing's Shougang Ice Hockey Arena, 3.________ (link) with the host nation's culture.
Beijing 2022 executive president Chen Jining explained the idea 4.________ (thorough) behind the design of the two mascots at the launch ceremony. The two mascots combine elements of traditional Chinese culture with a modern international style. “They show the Chinese people's eager expectations 5.________ the Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, and China's warm invitation to friends from all over the world，” said Chen, 6.________ is also the mayor of Beijing.
“They are designed 7.________ (express) all the aspects of the Olympic spirit, including 8.________ (wonder) characteristics such as passion, perseverance, friendship and common understanding to actively engage the public.”
The name “Bing Dwen Dwen” is a 9.________ (combine) of several meanings in the Chinese language, with “Bing”， the Chinese word for “ice”， and “Dwen Dwen” meaning strength and liveliness. In the name “Shuey Rhon Rhon”， “Shuey” is the Chinese word for “snow” and “Rhon Rhon” 10.________ (have) the meaning of tolerance.
Ⅳ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会吉祥物“雪容融”发布活动在北京举行，这两个新的吉祥物将成为冬季奥运会和残奥会的精神象征。
1．called　考查非谓语动词。该句的谓语是have been uncovered，因此call不能作为谓语动词，并且A red lantern baby和call之间为被动关系，应使用call的过去分词called。
2．an　考查冠词。此处表示一个大熊猫吉祥物，是泛指，应使用不定冠词，并且energetic是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
3．are linked　考查时态和语态。句意：这些吉祥物周二晚上在北京首钢冰球场为人们所知，与东道主的文化相通。该句是在介绍吉祥物的情况，应使用一般现在时。link作为谓语动词，和主语The mascots之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填are linked。
4．thoroughly　考查副词。句意：北京2022执行主席陈吉宁在启动仪式上明确解释了这两个吉祥物设计背后的理念。副词修饰谓语动词explained(解释)，thorough的副词形式是thoroughly，意为“明确地，清楚地”。故填thoroughly。
5．for　考查介词。expectations for对……的期望。故填for。
6．who　考查定语从句。此处需填入非限制性定语从句的关系词，并在从句中做主语，指代陈吉宁。故填who。
7．to express　考查非谓语动词。此处需填动词不定式做目的状语。故填to express。
8．wonderful　考查形容词。形容词修饰characteristics做定语，wonder的形容词是wonderful，意为“精彩的”。故填wonderful。
9．combination　考查名词。空处和后面的of构成所属关系。故填combination。
10．has　考查时态。本句在介绍“雪容融”的含义，应使用一般现在时，Rhon Rhon做主语，谓语动词用单数。故填has。



Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2021·合肥市高三调硏性检测 ]Noelle Stevenson has always been a fan of science fiction and fantasy. As a kid, she loved it all: the epic space battles, the magic, the quests that seemed larger than life. But there was a problem with her favorite childhood stories, like Star Wars and The Lord of The Rings series. “I never quite saw myself reflected in them，” Stevenson says, “certainly not at the heart of the story.” She wanted a female version of Luke Skywalker and Lord Sauron.
Stevenson began her career as a comic (漫画) writer. In 2015, her graphic novel Nimona was a National Book Awards finalist and her series Lumberjanes won two Eisner Awards. When Netflix and DreamWorks wanted to reboot (重启) She­Ra: Princess of Power—an epic showdown between magical princesses and an evil alien invader—Stevenson was all in.
She kept much of the original show's action and adventure—the reboot takes place on the planet Etheria, and one of the princesses who is trying to stop the evil Horde army from taking over is named Adora. She grew up behind enemy lines, taken from her home by the Horde and raised as a soldier. But eventually, Adora realizes the atrocities the Horde has committed against the Etherians and leaves to join the rebellion (叛乱), and she quickly finds a magical sword that transforms her into a giant warrior princess named She­Ra.
Stevenson did make one small but important change to the show: Its name. The Netflix and DreamWorks version is She­Ra and the PRINCESSES of Power. All the princesses are important.
1．What was the problem with Stevenson's favourite childhood stories?
A．They were not appealing.
B．They were full of violence.
C．They lacked women characters.
D．They had quite confusing plots.
2．What do we know about the rebooted She­Ra: Princess of Power?
A．It was adapted considerably.
B．It was awarded two Eisner Awards.
C．It was finally filmed in 2015.
D．It was produced by two companies.
3．What does the underlined word “atrocities” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Violent actions. B．Cruel instructions.
C．Sorrowful suicides. D．Valuable resources.
4．What can we infer about Noelle Stevenson form the text?
A．She loves comedy. B．She's a talented writer.
C．She's a princess. D．She works for Netflix.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“‘I never quite saw myself reflected in them，’ Stevenson says, ‘certainly not at the heart of the story.’ She wanted a female version of Luke Skywalker and Lord Sauron.”可知，Noelle 童年时喜欢的故事中存在的问题是缺少女性角色，故选C。
2．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Netflix and DreamWorks wanted to reboot She­Ra: Princess of Power” 和最后一段中“The Netflix and DreamWorks version is She­Ra and the PRINCESSES of Power.”可知，Netflix 和DreamWorks两家公司参与制作了这个电影。故选D。
3．A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“the Horde has committed against the Etherians and leaves to join the rebellion(叛乱)”可推测，最终Adora意识到Horde对Etheria星球居民的暴行，离开了Horde加入了叛乱。所以画线词用violent actions来解释最合适。故选A。
4．B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句话“In 2015, her graphic novel Nimona was a National Book Awards finalist and her series Lumberjanes won two Eisner Awards.”及下文中“When Netflix and DreamWorks wanted to reboot(重启) She­Ra: Princess of Power—an epic showdown between magical princesses and an evil alien invader—Stevenson was all in.”可知，Noelle 是一个才华横溢的作家。故选B。


B
[2021·武汉市高三模拟]The Notre Dame fire has been put out, but its spire and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. On Chinese social media network WeChat a common comment on the disaster is: “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them，namely via a video game called Assassin's Creed : Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality，and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of digitizing ancient buildings, making digital models of them so their data can be saved, dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular，the digital replica (复制品) has great use value. First，it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them，which helps protect them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore，it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics. Even if the original ones are damaged one day, people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.
Of course, however precise a model is, it is not the original. Time is the biggest threat to a country's architectural heritage, which will always become ruins with the passing of time. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future，but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
5．What can we see about Notre Dame in the game?
A．The damaged parts. B．Its wooden shape.
C．Its original look. D．The big fire.
6．What will engineers do to create a digital replica of the ancient buildings?
A．Improve the technology needed.
B．Scan the photos of the buildings.
C．Build 3D models of full size.
D．Measure all the parts exactly.
7．How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance?
A．By comparison. B．By giving examples.
C．By classification. D．By listing data.
8．What is the author's attitude towards the application of digital technology?
A．Doubtful. B．Delighted.
C．Supportive. D．Conservative.
5．C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality，and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.” 可知，在这个游戏中，我们可以看到火灾前的巴黎圣母院全貌。故选C。
6．D　细节理解题。根据第三段尾“By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.”可知，为了制作3D数字化影像，工程师需要把巴黎圣母院每一个细节精准测量出来。故选D。
7．B　细节理解题。第四段列举了敦煌莫高窟利用数字化影像让游客不接触实物的情况下，体验文化遗产，列举网上推广的数字化长城游戏吸引了更多的游客来长城游玩。所以作者使用了“举例子”的写作手法说明数字化复制品的重要性。故选B。
8．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe we will have better technologies in the future，but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.”可知，作者认为数字化技术为保护文物起到了重要作用，作者对数字技术的应用是支持的态度。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid­March—nearly six months out of the year.
“Of course, we __1__ it when the sun is shining”， says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. “We see the sky is __2__， but down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a __3__ day.”
But that changed when a system of high­tech __4__ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan __5__ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to __6__. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that __7__ them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam (束) of light onto the town's central __8__， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light __9__， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been sitting there and standing there and taking __10__ of each other，” Ro says. “The town square was totally __11__. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all enjoy the sunshine at the same time. __12__， the new light feels like more than enough for the town's __13__ residents.
“It's not very __14__，” she says, “but it is enough when we are __15__.”
1．A.fear B．believe C．hear D．notice
2．A.empty B．blue C．high D．wide
3．A.cloudy B．normal C．different D．warm
4．A.computers B．telescopes C．mirrors D．cameras
5．A.remembered B．forecasted C．received D．imagined
6．A.repair B．risk C．rest D．use
7．A.forbids B．directs
C．predicts D．follows
8．A.library B．hall
C．square D．street
9．A.appeared B．returned
C．faded D．stopped
10．A.pictures B．notes
C．care D．hold
11．A.new B．full
C．flat D．silent
12．A.Instead B．However
C．Gradually D．Similarly
13．A.nature­loving B．energy­saving
C．weather­beaten D．sun­starved
14．A.big B．clear
C．cold D．easy
15．A.trying B．waiting
C．watching D．sharing
Ⅱ.完形填空
1．D　结合下文“We see the sky is...”可知，当太阳照过来的时候，我们注意到后面这些变化。fear害怕；believe相信，认为；hear听到，听说；notice注意到。故选D。
2．B　上文谈到太阳照过来，可见我们看着天空很是蔚蓝，可是到了山谷深处天就暗了。empty空的；blue蔚蓝的，蓝色的；忧郁的；high高的；wide宽的；广阔的。故选B。
3．A　结合上一题解析，(光线)到山谷深处就暗了，由此可知，就像是在阴天多云的天气一样。cloudy多云的，有云的；normal正常的；different不同的；warm温暖的。故选A。
4．C　结合下文可知是引进了一种高科技的镜子从旁边的山峰上把光反射到山谷里来。computer电脑；telescope望远镜；mirror镜子；camera照相机。故选C。
5．C　结合语境可知，是他们接收到他们冬日太阳的第一束光。remember记起；forecast 预测，预报；receive接收，收到；imagine想象。故选C。
6．D　在附近的山边上，有一排反射板被利用了起来。put...to use意为“使用……”，此处采用了被动语态。repair修理；risk冒险；rest休息。故选D。
7．B　这些镜子都是由一台电脑控制，电脑指引这些镜子全天随着太阳进行转动。direct在此用作动词，意为“指导，指引”。forbid禁止；predict预测；follow遵照，遵循。故选B。
8．C　结合下文“The town square was totally...”可知是镜子反射出一道聚集的光照射到这个镇的中央广场上，这样就有了一处大约600平方米有阳光的地方。library图书馆；hall大厅；square广场；street街道。故选C。
9．A　结合下文可知是有好多人，可见当阳光出现的时候，Rjukan的居民们就聚在了一起。appear出现；return回来；归还；fade褪色；stop停止，阻止。故选A。
10．A　有阳光了居民都很开心，这个时候他们聚在一起是给彼此拍照最为合适。take pictures of...给……拍照。take notes of 记笔记；take care of 照顾；take hold of 抓住，握住。故选A。
11．B　结合下一句“I think almost all the people in the town were there”可知，这个广场完全挤满了人。new新的；full满满的；flat平坦的；silent沉默的。故选B。
12．B　结合上一题解析可知，前后为转折关系，故选however，意为“然而”。instead反之；gradually渐渐地；similarly类似地。故选B。
13．D　文中第一段指出他们一年中有将近6个月得不到阳光，由此可知，他们对阳光充满了渴望。nature­loving热爱大自然的；energy­saving节能的；weather­beaten饱经风霜的；sun­starved渴望阳光的。故选D项。
14．A　结合语境和上下文可知是反射过来的阳光，可见这份阳光并不是很大很强烈，big大的，强烈的；clear清晰的；cold冰冷的；easy容易的。故选A 。
15．D　尽管阳光不是很强，可只要大家在一起共享，这些阳光也足够了。try尝试；wait等待；watch观看，观察；share分享。故选D。
复习时态：注意几组时态的区别
1．一般过去时与现在完成时：
(1)时间上有差异：凡有过去时间标志词的均用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时，如含有ago，last year，just now，the other day等。
(2)结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。
2．过去完成时与一般过去时：过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”；如出现同一主语连续几个动作(“连谓”)形式则只用一般过去时即可。
提能力 ——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
农场被绿树环绕，坐落在我们学校附近的山脚下。那里有一条流经农场的小河。在享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮助采摘覆盖在每棵树上的桃子。我们两人一组工作，一个人摘桃子，另一个人小心地把桃子放进一个大盒子里。通过参加这次采摘活动，我意识到了劳动的重要性。 (2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
Surrounded by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm.While enjoying being close to nature，we began to help pick peaches covering every tree.We worked in pairs，one picking peaches and the other carefully putting them into a big box.Through participating in this picking activity，I have become aware of the significance of work.