人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage精品学案设计

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage精品学案设计，共21页。

Period Two　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking—Language points

Ⅰ.重点单词
1．former adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的
2．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
3．investigate vi.& vt.调查；研究
4．attempt vt.& n．企图；试图；尝试
5．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→create v．创造；创建
6．preserve vt.保护；保存；维持 n．保护区→preservation n．保护；维护；保存
7．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotion n．提升；提拔；晋升
8．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→apply v．申请；应用→applicant n．申请人
9．balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
10．proposal n．提议；建议→propose v．提议；建议；打算①
11．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的→limitation n．限制；局限
12．contribute vt.& vi.捐献；捐助→contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contributor n．捐献者；投稿人
13．conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法vt.组织；安排；带领→conductor n．列车长；售票员；指挥
14．donate vt.捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠→donor n．捐赠者
15．disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→appear v．出现②
掌握规律　巧记单词
①propose v.提议；建议；打算＋al→proposal n.提议；建议
如：approval赞成　arrival 到达
②dis＋appear v.出现→(反义词)disappear v.消失；灭绝；消亡
如：dishonest不诚实　disorder无秩序；混乱　disapprove不赞成　dislike不喜欢


Ⅱ.核心短语
1．take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．give way to让步；屈服
3．keep balance保持平衡
4．lead to导致
5．make a proposal提出建议
6．turn to向……求助
7．prevent...from...阻止；不准
8．donate...to...向……捐赠……
9．make sure确保；设法保证
10．in the 1950s在二十世纪五十年代
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．if引导的条件状语从句
Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society.
要想改善社会，经济发展是必要的。
2．There 引导完全倒装结构；when引导定语从句
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
3．not only...but also...不但……而且……
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。

重点词汇

By studying old photos of the former palace，they have made the new one look exactly like the old one.通过研究以前宫殿的旧照片，他们把新宫殿做的和旧宫殿完全一样。

former adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的
the former前者
the former...the latter...前者……，后者……

(1)Only when our theory combines with practice can the former become a reliable knowledge.
只有当理论与实践相结合时，它才能变成可靠的知识。
(2)He introduced the two men to her.The former was an engineer and the latter was a doctor.
他把这两人介绍给她。前者是一位工程师，后者是一名医生。

preserve vt.保护；保存；维持 n.保护区

※preserve...from/against...保护……免受……
※preservation n.维护；保护；保养

(1)We have taken effective measures to preserve our natural resources.
我们已经采取有效措施来保护我们的自然资源。
(2)They were determined to preserve their leader from/against harm.
他们决心保护领导人不受伤害。
(3)At that time it was difficult to have one’s body preserved(preserve) after his or her death.
在那个时候，一个人死后很难保存自己的身体。
(4)It had been decided that the boat would remain in its tomb for preservation(preserve)．
已经决定这艘船将留在古墓中保存。

A group of high school students who are taking part in an international youth camp at Mount Tai are creating...一群正在泰山参加国际青年营的高中生正在创造……

take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
(1)I took part in an English speech contest.I have a lot of harvest in this contest.我参加了一次英语演讲比赛。这次比赛让我有了很多的收获。
[易混辨析]　take part in，join，join in，attend
※take part in参加(群众性活动、会议等)，往往指参加者持积极态度，起一份作用。
A great number of students took part in May 4 Movement.大批学生参加了五四运动。
※加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体用join，如果要表示“加入他人的行列一道从事某项活动”，则要用join sb. in sth. 。
He will never forget the day when he joined the Party.他永远也忘不了他入党的那一天。
※说参加某种活动用join in，多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如说“与某人一起做某事”，则用join sb. in sth. /doing sth. 。
Why didn’t you join in the activity last night?你为什么昨晚不参加活动？
Our headmaster will join us in the discussion this afternoon.校长今天下午要参加我们的讨论。
※attend是正式用语，及物动词。指参加会议或仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是发生这一动作的本身，而不强调参加者在活动中起的作用。
He’ll attend an important meeting tomorrow.
他明天要参加一个重要会议。
[选词填空]　take part in，join，join in，attend
(2)All the students took part in the thorough cleaning yesterday.
(3)I attended almost every lecture and seminar when I was at college.
(4)It is three years since he joined the army.
(5)Do you know how many of them joined in the research project?

There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。

give way to让步；屈服
in the/one’s way挡路
in a way从某一角度；在某种程度上
make one’s way to前往……

(1)Be prepared to stop if signalled to do so and give way to emergency vehicles.
随时准备按指示停车并给紧急服务车辆让路。
(2)In a way，I’m glad you made that mistake，for it will serve as a warning to you.在某种程度上说，你犯那个错误我倒感到高兴，因为它可以为你敲一下警钟。
(3)Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.史密斯太太发现很难收拾那些乱七八糟的东西，因为每当她试图要做的时候她的孩子们总是妨碍她。
(4)Though it was raining hard，he made his way to school.尽管雨下得很大，他还是朝学校赶去。

Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在社会进步和文化遗址的保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。

balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡
※keep/lose (one’s) balance保持/失去平衡
※balance...against权衡，比较
※balanced adj.平衡的；和谐的；安定的

(1)Riding a bike helps develop a child’s sense of balance.骑自行车有助于培养孩子的平衡感。
(2)Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.在作出最后决定之前，你最好权衡利弊。
(3)A balanced(balance) diet provides nutrition for your body.
均衡的饮食为你的身体提供营养。

But the proposal led to protests.但这项提议引发了抗议。

proposal n．提议；建议
※make a proposal提出建议
the proposal to do...做……的建议
※propose v．提议；建议；推荐；计划
propose doing...建议做……
propose that sb. /sth. (should) do...建议……

(1)The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to it.
政府推迟了这个新的提案，因为很多人反对它。
(2)His proposal to put(put) off the meeting was rejected the day before yesterday.
他的关于延期开会的提议前天被否决了。
(3)He proposed changing(change) the name of the company.他建议更改公司的名称。
(4)I proposed that we (should) hold(hold) a meeting next week.
＝I made a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.(proposal)
我提出了我们下个星期开会的建议。
lead to导致(to为介词)
lead sb. to do...使某人做……
lead sb. to...引导某人到……
lead the way带路
lead sb. by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走

(5)Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
过度的劳累加上太少的休息常使人得病。
(6)Tom’s anxiety to succeed led him to work(work) hard.汤姆对成功的渴望使他努力工作。
(7)We can lead her by the nose；she has no will of her own.
我们可以牵着她的鼻子走，因为她没有主见。
(8)根据汉语提示填空
With him leading the way(带路)，we got there without any difficulty.But for him，we would have been lost，which would lead to(导致) serious consequences.His action led us to believe (使我们相信) that he was our true friend.

Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics...来自大坝的水很可能会破坏许多寺庙和文物……

likely adv.可能地 adj.可能的
It is likely that...可能……
be likely to do...可能做……

(1)What will likely happen if one has a positive attitude?
如果一个人有积极的态度，可能会发生什么呢？
(2)Studies show that people are more likely to suffer(suffer) from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.研究表明人们如果总是长时间地坐在电脑屏幕前面就更有可能出现背部问题。
[句型转换]
(3)They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.
→It is likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.

After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.在听取了研究这个问题的科学家和住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，政府于1959年求助于联合国。

turn to向……求助；转向；致力于；翻到；查阅
[一词多义]　写出下列句子中turn to的汉语意思
(1)At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.
求助于
(2)It is time he turned his mind to more serious problems.转向
(3)Open your books，turn to page 21，read Part B carefully，then finish it with the correct words from the box.翻到
(4)Don’t always turn to the dictionary when you come to a new word.查阅
turn down调小；拒绝
turn up调大；出现
turn out结果是；证明是
turn away拒绝……入内；把……打发走
turn over移交；打翻

(5)Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
上个周末，汤姆不得不拒绝参加聚会的邀请，因为他太忙了。
(6)The local police turned him over to the FBI under pressure.
迫于压力当地警方将他移交给了联邦调查局。

A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.一个委员会成立了，用来限制对埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物丢失。

limit n．限度；限制 v．限制；限定
※set a limit on限制……
beyond the limit超过限度
There is a/no limit to...对……是有限的/无限的。
※limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
※limited adj.有限的

(1)Within the limit of legal rights，persons are free to do what they like.
在法权范围内，人可以自由地做他们喜欢做的事。
(2)Life is limited(limit)，but there is no limit to serving(serve) the people.
人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。
(3)We must set a limit on the expense of the trip.
我们必须对此次旅游费用设定一个限额。
prevent v．阻止；阻碍；阻挠
prevent sb. (from) doing...阻止某人做……
stop sb. (from) doing...阻止某人做……
keep sb. from doing...阻止某人做……

(4)Although the causes of cancer are being uncovered，we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.虽然癌症的病因正被逐步揭开，但我们尚未有任何切实可行的办法来预防它。
(5)The laws protect everyone here from being attacked(attack)．
法律保护这里的每个人不受攻击。
[句型转换]
(6)She prevented the boy climbing the tree yesterday.
→The boy was prevented from climbing the tree yesterday.
注意：在主动语态中，prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 中的from可省去，意思不变。但keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from不能省(若省去，则译成“让某人一直干某事”)。在被动语态中，三个短语中的from都不能省略。

The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.该组织要求各个部门捐款，并在国际社会内部筹集资金。

contribution n．捐献；贡献；捐赠
※make a contribution/contributions to对……做出贡献；捐款
※contribute v．捐献；贡献；投稿；导致
contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to有助于；导致；把(时间)投入到……；捐款；投稿

(1)He has made an important contribution to the company’s success.
他对公司的成功做出了重要的贡献。
(2)The government should honor the engineer for the contribution(contribute) he has made to the city’s development.政府应该尊重这位工程师对城市发展所做的贡献。
(3)We hope your suggestion will contribute to solving(solve) the problem.
我们希望你的建议有助于解决这个问题。
(4)The volunteers contribute their own time to the project so they deserve to be praised.志愿者为工程奉献出自己的时间，因此他们值得表扬。

Experts investigated the issue，conducted several tests，and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved.专家们对这个问题进行了调查，组织了几次试验，然后就如何拯救这些建筑提出了建议。

conduct v．组织；安排；带领 n．行为；举止；管理方法
※conduct sb. to sp.带领某人去某地
conduct oneself举止，表现
conduct an experiment做实验
※conductor n．指挥；列车长；售票员；导体

(1)We ask you to conduct an investigation into the matter and reply to us.我们要求你们对此事进行调查并对我们作出答复。
(2)He conducted himself in a most gracious manner at the party.
他在晚会上表现得极为温文尔雅。
(3)“Move along，please，” said the bus conductor(conduct)．
“请往里走走，”公共汽车售票员说。

Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project.
50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8 000万美元。

donate v．捐赠；赠送；献(血)
※donate sth. to...把某物捐献给……
※donation n．捐款；捐赠(物)
make/give/present a donation to向……捐赠
※donor n．捐赠者；献血者

(1)He made an appeal to other leaders to donate to the cause.
他呼吁其他领导人为这项事业捐款。
(2)All donated(donate) blood is tested for HIV and other infections.所有捐献的血液都要进行艾滋病毒和其他感染的检测。
(3)Doctors removed the healthy kidney from the donor(donate) and transplanted it to the patient.
医生从捐献者体内取出了健康的肾脏移植到了病人身上。

[一句多译]
(4)她捐了五千美元给儿童医院。
①She donated $5,000 to the Children’s Hospital.(donate)
②She made/gave/presented a donation of $5,000 to the Children’s Hospital.(donation)

Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam？埃及政府为什么要尝试修建大坝？

attempt v．& n．企图；试图；尝试
※attempt to do/(at) doing...尝试(试图)做……
※make an attempt to do/(at) doing...尝试做……
at the first attempt第一次尝试
※attempted adj.未遂的

(1)He attempted to escape from the prison，but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
他试图越狱，但没有找到人帮忙。
(2)I attempted getting/to get(get) in touch with her，but in vain.
我试图与她取得联系，但是毫无结果。
(3)A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted(attempt) murder last night.一位与昨晚谋杀未遂事件相关的男子正在被审讯。
[句型转换]
(4)They attempted to climb that hill.
→They made an attempt to climb/at climbing that hill.

worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
※It is worthwhile to do/doing...值得做……
※be worth doing...值得做……
be worth＋n.值得……；值……

(1)I think teaching is a worthwhile job.
我认为教学是一项很有意义的工作。
[一句多译]
(2)这家工厂值得参观。
①The factory is worth visiting/a visit.(worth)
②It’s worthwhile to visit/visiting the factory.(worthwhile)
经典句式

There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。

There comes a time...可看成是一种语序倒装形式，即here，there等置于句首且主语是名词时要把谓语动词提到主语前边，也可看成是there be句型的变体，即用其他动词如：come，stand，lie，live，appear等代替be动词。

(1)—What is the weather like this summer here?
—There falls very little rain.
——这儿今年夏天的天气怎样？
——雨量很小。
(2)There stands a tree at the top of the hill.
山顶上有棵树。
(3)Suddenly there entered a strange man and we were frightened.
突然有一个陌生人进来了，我们感到很害怕。
(4)There happened to be a man walking by and we turned to him for help.
碰巧有个人在此经过我们便向他求助了。
注意：在there be句型中，be的单复数采取就近原则，与最近的主语取得一致。
There is a book，two pencil boxes and a bag on the desk.
桌子上有一本书，两个铅笔盒和一个书包。
句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to preserve...。在英语中常用it作形式主语，代替作主语的不定式短语、动名词短语或主语从句。

(5)It is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.年轻人掌握两门外语是必要的。
(6)The doctor thought it would be good for you to have a holiday.医生认为度假对你有好处。
(7)It doesn’t matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
在这个店里你付现金或者刷信用卡都没关系。
(8)It is no use arguing(argue) with him about this question.就这个问题与他争论是没有用的。
[句型转换]
(9)To finish building the dam took the workers almost three years.
→It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.

Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。

not only...but also...不但……而且……，连接两个平行结构，当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据but also 后的名词决定单、复数(就近原则)；而且not only连接的句子位于句首时，该句要用部分倒装。

(1)They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory.
他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在宿舍里也说。
(2)Not only does the sun give(give) us light but also it gives us heat.
太阳不仅给了我们阳光，也给了我们热量。
(3)Not only the students but also the teacher was(be) against the plan.
不仅学生们，还有那位老师也反对该项计划。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is likely that he has been addicted to the drugs.
2．People should preserve children from being hurt.
3．It is thought that every violent storm will eventually give way to sunshine.
4．If you have a balanced(balance) diet，you are getting all the vitamins you need.
5．It is worthwhile to discuss/discussing(discuss) the problem further，so we shouldn’t give it up.
6．Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.
7．The length of the article should be limited(limit) to 400 words or so.
8．His proposal that the system (should) be changed(change) was rejected.
9．How does the new clerk conduct himself(he) in our company?
10．All your mother did is to prevent you from being hurt(hurt) and you should know how to be grateful.
11．We admired the young scientist for his contributions(contribute) to the country.
12．I hope I can pass the driving test at my first attempt.
13．They made a generous donation(donate) to charity and won people’s respect.
14．Of the two，the latter is far better than the former.
15．You can turn to your teacher for help if you have difficulty in study.
Ⅱ.完成句子
16．It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.
你错过了这场激动人心的足球比赛真是太遗憾了。
17．Not only does he speak English correctly，but also he speaks it fluently.
他不仅英语说得正确，而且还说得流利。
18．There comes a time in every boy’s life when he must take on responsibilities.
在每个男孩的生活中总会出现这样一个时刻，他必须要承担责任。
19．It is proposed that this question (should) be discussed at the next meeting.
有人提议在下次会议上讨论这个问题。
20．I think it is worthwhile paying/to pay attention to the matter in dispute.
我觉得关注这个有争议的问题是值得的。

基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．With these forests disappearing，we will lose important species，natural resources and local livelihoods.
2．Tom，you will be attached to this department(部门) until the end of this month.Next month you’ll be rearranged.
3．The company has gone from strength to strength since it was established five years ago.
4．People in the city voted for the lawyer to be the leader of the committee(委员会)，for they thought he could give a correct order of the city.
5．These protests(抗议) have really made the government sit up and take notice.
6．While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty.
7．He mounted(爬上) the stairs and looked around him slowly.
8．Everything in the house seemed old and untouched，like relics of an ancient time.
9．My hobby offers me an opportunity to do something interesting and creative(有创造性的)．
10．The project is jointly funded(提供资金) by several local departments.
Ⅱ.选词填空
take part in；keep balance；lead to；make a proposal；turn to；prevent...from...；donate...to...；make sure

11．If you see a traffic accident，make sure to write down the licence of the car.
12．They used to donate a large sum of money to the Red Cross every year.
13．Many more policemen should be sent to prevent them from hunting some endangered animals.
14．He has made a proposal that she should take a rest for a while.
15．Not knowing how to conduct himself，he turned to his teacher for help.
16．The company is closing down two of its factories，leading to 430 job losses.
17．It was so difficult for me to learn skating，because I could not keep balance and fell down over and over again.
18．I took part in some associations，where I made friends with students who shared the same hobbies.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
19．I wish all our donated(donate) money and our love will fly to Sichuan very soon，to help the victims very soon.
20．It was the first time that I had conducted(conduct) business in Brazil.
21．The school sees its job as preparing students to make a contribution(contribute) to society.
22．She said his death was a great loss(lose) to her and she was in deep sorrow.
23．I will help as much as I can，but there is a limit to what I can do.
24．The poor are more likely to run(run) their own business than the rest of us.
25．We propose making(make) a decision until next month.
26．There were over 500 applicants(apply) for the job，so the competition was fierce.
27．We are working for the preservation(preserve) of the environment.
28．He made an attempt to pass the exam，but it was too difficult.
Ⅳ.单句写作
29．有人建议应该立刻维修这座桥。(It is proposed that...)
It is proposed that the bridge should be repaired at once.
30．他是否来还不明确。(it用作形式主语)
It is not clear whether he will come.
31．Brian在音乐方面很有天赋，他很有可能成为一个贝多芬。(it is likely that...)
Brian has a gift for music；it is likely that he will be a Beethoven.
32．在你去之前预约一下是值得的。(worthwhile)
It’s worthwhile to make/making an appointment before you go.
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
(2019·湖北三市高一下期末)
Can you imagine digging in your yard one day and finding a life-sized soldier made completely of clay? That’s what happened several decades ago when farmers in Xi’an，China，were digging wells.
Archaeologists have since found about 6,000 more of these soldiers，along with horses，weapons，tools，and other artifacts(手工艺品)．The huge army was meant to protect the tomb of the first ruler of China.The first emperor of China，Qin Shihuang，accomplished a huge amount during his rule.Between 221 and 210 B．C.，he started the construction of the Great Wall.He built a large network of roads.He introduced a new writing system，currency(货币)，and a set of measurements.The emperor also ordered the construction of a huge army of life-sized terracotta soldiers.These，he hoped，would protect his tomb after his death.
The soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are today light brown，but they weren’t always.They began as an army of red，blue，yellow，green，white，and purple.Sadly，most of the colors did not last to the present day.After being exposed to air during excavation(挖掘)，the coating under the paint began to fall off.The paint disappeared in less time than it takes to boil an egg，taking with it important pieces of history.
Now new techniques are starting to reveal the army’s true colors.Archaeologists have recently discovered an area with more than a hundred soldiers.Many of these still have their painted features，including black hair，pink faces，and black or brown eyes.Chinese and German researchers have developed a special liquid to help preserve the soldiers’ colors.After they find a soldier or other artifacts，archaeologists spray it with the liquid.They then cover it in plastic.Archaeologists are also finding colors in the dirt around the soldiers.It’s important not to disturb the dirt，so the colors won’t be lost.“We are treating the earth as an artifact，”says archaeologist Rong Bo，the museum’s leading chemist.The next challenge，says Rong，is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again.Once that happens，artists can bring Emperor Qin’s army back to life in full，vivid color.

33．The terracotta soldiers were constructed to         .
A．show the outside world about China’s greatness
B．be enjoyed by everyday people
C．frighten China’s enemies
D．protect Emperor Qin’s tomb
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。由第二段第二、三句“The huge army was meant to protect the tomb of the first ruler of China.The first emperor of China，Qin Shihuang...”可知，兵马俑就是为了保护秦始皇的墓。故选D。
34．What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A．The soldiers lost their colors very quickly.
B．The soldiers’ paint fell off because of the high temperature.
C．Visitors to the museum are not actually seeing the real soldiers.
D．Being exposed to water is bad for the soldiers.
答案　A
解析　段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段主要讲述了兵马俑颜色的问题。由“After being exposed to air during excavation(挖掘)，the coating under the paint began to fall off.The paint disappeared in less time than it takes to boil an egg，taking with it important pieces of history.”可知，兵马俑的颜色在挖掘期间就迅速消失了。故选A。
35．What have archaeologists recently discovered?
A．A place with over a hundred soldiers.
B．A written description of the soldiers’ true colors.
C．A special liquid in the tomb to preserve the soldiers’ colors.
D．A new tomb for Emperor Qin.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。由第四段第二句“Archaeologists have recently discovered an area with more than a hundred soldiers.”可知，考古学家最近发现了一个拥有100多个兵马俑的地方。故选A。
36．Which statement would Rong Bo probably agree with?
A．The soldiers should stay in their current，brown color.
B．Artists should be able to paint the soldiers in any color they want.
C．Archaeologists can only guess at the soldiers’ original colors.
D．We should try to restore the army’s vivid colors.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。由第四段最后两句“The next challenge，says Rong，is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again.Once that happens，artists can bring Emperor Qin’s army back to life in full，vivid color.”可知，下个挑战是找到方法使兵马俑重新涂上颜色。故选D。
Ⅵ.完形填空
I take the train to work every morning from a train station near my house.I can get to the station quite easily because there is a short   37   to the station.But in summer，it can get quite smelly because of all the   38  .So I always try to   39   through it.Today I was trying to do so as usual   40   something made me stop for a moment.I saw the most beautiful   41   by an old woman walking in front of me with the help of a white   42  .
She was short and   43   and had white hair.She was walking slowly as each   44   took some effort.I hadn’t specially   45   her at first，until she stopped near a rubbish bin.
She slowly placed her walking stick   46   the rubbish bin.Then she leaned(斜倚着) on it with her right hand.She bent down and   47   the rubbish.She clearly found it   48   and it took her a while.She picked some rubbish with her left hand and   49   straightened(伸直) herself up again.All the while she used the rubbish bin to   50   herself.She threw the rubbish inside the bin and then   51   walking.It all took her great effort.
There’s so much rubbish and no one ever does   52   about it.I was   53   to see this old woman make such a great effort to keep even a small part of it   54  ！I haven’t been able to   55   thinking about that all day.
I want to follow her   56  .I’ve decided to pick up rubbish off the ground if I meet from now on.I hope people will do the same as I do.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。一位老人即使身体虚弱、走路不便，依然把地上的垃圾捡起扔到垃圾桶里，而作者很讨厌垃圾的气味却什么都没做。看到老人的举动，作者深受触动，决定以后看到地上的垃圾就捡起来。

37．A.ending B．zone
C．cut D．entrance
答案　C
解析　根据设空前的“I can get to the station quite easily”可知，“我”到达车站很容易，因为有一条近路。a short cut捷径，故选C项。
38．A.rubbish B．boxes
C．bottles D．mosquitoes
答案　A
解析　根据该空前面的smelly一词的提示和下文多次出现的rubbish可知，夏天垃圾会发出臭味，故选A项。
39．A.walk B．pass
C．go D．rush
答案　D
解析　根据前文可知，这个地方在夏天的时候垃圾会发出难闻的气味，所以按照常理判断，作者为了尽快离开这个区域，肯定会跑或冲过去，故选D项。
40．A.while B．until
C．when D．because
答案　C
解析　根据句中的“was trying”可知，此处应用when，构成be doing sth. when...结构，表示“正在做某事，这时突然……”。
41．A.signal B．act
C．mark D．sign
答案　B
解析　signal信号；act行为；mark标记；sign迹象。根据第三段的描述可知，老人费力地捡起垃圾扔进了垃圾箱，这个行为让“我”感触颇深，故选B项。
42．A.bike B．stick
C．dog D．umbrella
答案　B
解析　根据第三段中的“She slowly placed her walking stick”可知，老人走路的时候需要依靠拐杖，故选B项。
43．A.weak B．fancy
C．local D．merciful
答案　A
解析　weak虚弱的；fancy奇特的；local当地的；merciful仁慈的。根据句中的“had white hair”以及下一句中的“She was walking slowly”可判断，老人走路困难、身体不好，所以此处应指“虚弱的”。故选A项。
44．A.walk B．bend
C．stop D．step
答案　D
解析　根据语境可知，老人拄着拐杖，走路也很慢，所以她每走一步应该都很费劲，故选D项。
45．A.watched B．seen
C．glared D．noticed
答案　D
解析　watch观看，注视；see看见；glare怒目而视；notice注意。根据前文对老人的描述可知，此处表示直到老人停在垃圾桶旁边时，“我”才注意到她。故选D项。
46．A.in B．around
C．against D．under
答案　C
解析　根据语境可知，老人把拐杖靠着垃圾桶放才能立着。against倚着，靠着。
47．A.searched for B．looked for
C．reached for D．hunted for
答案　C
解析　search for搜寻；look for寻找；reach for伸手拿/够；hunt for搜寻。根据后文的“She picked some rubbish with her left hand”可知，老人弯腰是为了捡垃圾，故选C项。
48．A.unable B．difficult
C．different D．impossible
答案　B
解析　unable不能的；difficult困难的；different不同的；impossible不可能的。根据前文的描述可知，老人走路和弯腰都很困难，故选B项。
49．A.slowly B．swiftly
C．simply D．briefly
答案　A
解析　slowly慢慢地；swiftly迅速地；simply简单地；briefly短暂地，简洁地。根据前文的语境可知，老人捡垃圾很困难，所以她伸直身体应该是比较缓慢的，故选A项。
50．A.protect B．help
C．support D．sink
答案　C
解析　protect保护；help帮助；support支撑；sink下沉。根据语境可知，老人捡垃圾的时候没有拄拐杖，所以她靠着垃圾桶支撑自己的身体，故选C项。
51．A.continued B．started
C．enjoyed D．explored
答案　A
解析　continue继续；start开始；enjoy享受；explore探索。根据语境可知，老人把垃圾扔到垃圾桶里以后继续走，故选A项。
52．A.something B．anything
C．good D．effort
答案　B
解析　根据语境可知，地上有很多垃圾，但是没有人对此采取任何行动，故选B项。
53．A.frightened B．moved
C．removed D．shocked
答案　B
解析　frightened害怕的；moved感动的；removed移除的；shocked震惊的。根据后文的“such a great effort to keep even a small part”以及最后一段可知，老人费了很大劲做的事情触动了“我”。故选B项。
54．A.busy B．beautiful
C．dirty D．clean
答案　D
解析　老人捡起垃圾是为了让地上保持干净，故选D项。
55．A.keep B．stop
C．mind D．select
答案　B
解析　根据前后文的语境可知，老人这个简单的举动对“我”的触动很大，所以应该是一整天都在想这件事情，故选B项。
56．A.protection B．reality
C．example D．style
答案　C
解析　protection保护；reality现实；example榜样；style风格。根据该空后的“I’ve decided to pick up rubbish off the ground if I meet from now on.”可知，老人的行为为“我”树立了榜样，故选C项。
Ⅶ.语法填空
Local 57.            (official) in Beijing promised to further protect the city’s cultural heritage，in particular the narrow streets known as hutongs.
Hutongs are 58.          (common) found in the cities of North China，but they are in danger.Beijing is nowadays believed to have fewer than 1,000 hutongs，most of 59.           are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago，the number of the hutongs 60.        (be) 3,250.
“Usually more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the 61.            (protect) of cultural relics，” said Huang Yan，director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning,62.            (add) that hutongs should be protected from human damage.
The government concentrated 63.             how the protection plans were carried out.Wang Shaofeng，head of the Xicheng District Government，said the area has 182 cultural relics,64.             many of them were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty.The district of Xicheng has 1.28 million residents in its 50.7 square kilometers of land.“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage，” Wang said.“Each community has been required 65.            (report) the status of its cultural heritage.”
No one knows for sure how many hutongs 66.            (leave) in the coming 100 years.

57．答案　officials
解析　考查名词复数。空前没有冠词修饰，且此处表示不止一位官员，故应用名词复数形式。
58．答案　commonly
解析　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词are found，作状语，应用副词形式。
59．答案　which
解析　考查关系代词。设空处指代先行词hutongs，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故用which引导。
60．答案　was
解析　考查时态和主谓一致。由时间状语“60 years ago”可知，应用一般过去时；且主语为“the number of the hutongs”，所以填was。
61．答案　protection
解析　考查词性转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，设空处应用名词。
62．答案　adding
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，Huang Yan与add之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
63．答案　on
解析　考查介词。concentrate on意为“集中注意力于”，为固定搭配。
64．答案　and
解析　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词；且根据语境可知，应用and。
65．答案　to report
解析　考查非谓语动词。require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，为固定用法，此处是其被动形式be required to do sth. 。
66．答案　will be left
解析　考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“in the coming 100 years”可知，应用一般将来时；且hutongs与leave之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。