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英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优质学案设计
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这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优质学案设计，共32页。学案主要包含了2012广东，2017全国卷I等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.1 Reading and Thinking
【答案】
重点单词
1.survive survivr survival
2.pwer pwerful
3.suffer sufferer suffering
4.erupt eruptin
5.effect affect
6.length lng lengthen
7. rescue rescuer
8.revive revival
9. shck shcked shcking
目标短语
natural disasters 自然灾害
an air disaster 空难
slide int（使）滑入; 溜进
a fld f 大量的
rescue sb./ sth. frm…从……中营救某人/某物
cause damage t sb/sth对……引起损害
d damage t sb/sth对……造成损害
an animal shelter 动物收容处
shelter sb/sth frm sb/sth保护……免受……
shelter frm sth躲避（风、雨或危险）
.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
in shck 震惊；吃惊
be trapped in…被困在……中
trap sb int（ding）sth诱使某人（做）某事
hld ne’s breath 屏住气
ut f breath 上气不接下气
make an effrt 作出努力
suffer frm 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
supply sb with sth = supply sth t sb向某人提供某物
.in the pen air 露天；在户外
survive frm sth从……中幸存下来
nuclear/wind/slar pwer 核 / 风 / 太阳能
pwer cut/failure断电/停电
first aid 急救
first aid kit 急救箱
. n hand现有（尤指帮助）
an air strike 空袭
side effect（药物等起到的）副作用
1.disaster / dɪˈzɑ:stə(r) / n.灾难；灾害
natural disasters 自然灾害 （P47）
an air disaster 空难
Thusands f peple died in the disaster. 数千人在这场灾难中丧生。
2. n hand现有（尤指帮助）
We wuld suggest always having n hand enugh water and fd fr three days.
我们建议在三天内保持有足够的水和食物。（P53）
He has t much wrk n hand. 他手头的工作太多了
I always like t keep sme mney n hand. 我总喜欢在手头备好一些钱。
3. strike / straɪk /
vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打
The undersea quake struck arund 7:00. 海底地震发生在7点左右。（P54）
The ship struck a rck. 船触礁了。
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
They went n strike fr mre mney. 他们为了得到更多的钱而罢工。
4. deliver/ dɪˈlɪvə(r) /
vt. & vi.递送；传达
Hwever, dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make it difficult t deliver fd and supplies. 然而，危险的状况和被毁坏的道路将使运送食物和供应品变得困难。（P54）
vt. 发表
The president will deliver a speech abut the ecnmic develpment.
总统将就经济发展发表讲话。
vt. 接生；生(小孩) ; be delivered f a baby 分娩；生孩子
She was delivered f a healthy by. 她生下一个健康的男孩儿。
5.slide / slaɪd / vi. & vt. (slid, slid ) (使 ）滑行；滑动
We slid n the ice. 我们在冰上滑行。
The dr slid pen. 门慢慢开了。
slide int（使）滑入; 溜进
The thief slid int the rm. 小偷悄悄溜进房间。
6. crash / kræʃ/
vi.& vt. 碰撞；撞击
A tsunami crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday. 昨天海啸袭击了亚洲的海岸线。（P54）
n. 撞车；碰撞
a car/plane crash 汽车撞车事故/飞机失事
7. aid / eɪd /
n.援助；帮助；救援物资
first aid 急救
ecnmic /emergency aid 经济 / 紧急援助
with the aid f 在…的帮助下
He succeeded with the aid f a new methd he discvered.
借助于自己发现的一种新的方法，他获得了成功。
vi.& vt. (frmal) 帮助；援助
T aid the pr farmers, the gvernment prvided them with a lt f mney.
为了帮助贫穷的农民，政府给他们提供了很多钱。
9. rescue / ˈreskju: / n.& vt. 营救；救援
What are the rescue wrkers and sldiers ding in the fld-hit area?
在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？（P48）
rescue wrkers/bats/helicpters/ camps救援人员 / 船只 / 直升机 /营
They were rescued by helicpter. 他们被直升机救走了。
rescue sb./ sth. frm… 从……中营救某人/某物
Firefighters rescued a child frm a burning building
消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
rescuer /'reskju:ə(r)/ n. 救援者；救助者
Many peple burst int tears when a rescuer carried a girl ut f the ruins.
当一名救援者从废墟里抱出一个女孩时,在场的许多人不禁潸然泪下。
10. damage / ˈdæmɪdʒ /
vt. 损害；破坏
Which buildings were damaged in Seul ？ 首尔哪些建筑物受损？（P48）
Smking seriusly damages yur health. 吸烟严重损害健康。
n.损坏；损失
cause damage t sb/sth 对……引起损害
d damage t sb/sth 对……造成损害
The strm didn't d much damage t crps. 暴风雨并未对庄稼造成严重损失。
11.destry/dɪ'strɔɪ/ vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭
Nearly everything in the city was destryed. 城里几乎所有的东西都被毁了。（P49）
They've destryed all the evidence. 他们销毁了一切证据。
12.affect /ə'fekt/ vt. 影响；（疾 病 ） 侵袭 ；深深打动
82 killed, 500,000 affected 82死亡，50万人受影响（P49）
The illness has affected bth her mental and physical health. 这种疾病损害了她的身心健康。
13．shelter/'ʃeltə/
n.避难处；居所；庇护
Shelters were set up by the gvernment. 政府搭建了庇护所。（P49）
Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。（P50）
Peple were running fr the shelter frm the strm. 人们跑着找地方躲避暴风雨。
an animal shelter 动物收容处
vt.保护；掩蔽 shelter sb/sth frm sb/sth 保护……免受……
Sme parents want t shelter their children frm any harm.
有些父母想保护他们的孩子不受任何伤害。
vi. 躲避 （风、雨或危险）; shelter frm sth 躲避（风、雨或危险）
We sheltered frm the rain in a drway. 我们在一处门廊里避雨。
14. crack /kræk/
n..裂纹 ；裂缝
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。（P50）
This cup has a crack in it. 这杯子有一道裂痕。
vi. & vt. (使 ）破裂
The ice cracked as I stepped nt it. 我一踩冰就裂了。
15.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！世界似乎要到末日！（P50）
She std at the gate as if she was waiting fr smene. 她站在门口好像在等人。
【拓展】
as if的用法：(同as thugh)
as if 后面即可以接陈述语气也可以接虚拟语气,如果后面接的并非真实情况,则要用虚拟语气，时态变化形式如下：
①和现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（be动词用were）。
②和过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。
③和将来事实相反，从句用wuld/ culd+ d。
Sme peple like t talk abut film stars’ persnal life as if they were clse friends.
一些人喜欢谈论影星的私生活，好像他们是亲密朋友。
She lves the by as if she were his mther．她爱这男孩,就好像她是他的母亲一样。
It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I had dne it?
打破窗子的是约翰，为什么你和我说话，好像是我打破的。
16.ruin /'ru:ɪn/
n. 破坏；毁坏；废墟（多用复数）；in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.
幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。（P50）
The huse has fallen int ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。
In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。（P50）
vt. 破坏；毁坏
The crps were ruined by the heavy rain. 农作物被大雨全毁了。
【辨析】destry，damage，ruin
17.shck /ʃɒk/
n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 in shck 震惊；吃惊
The little by was speechless with shck. 那小男孩惊得说不出话来。
Peple were in shck—and then, later that afternn, anther big quake shk Tangshan again.
人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。（P50）
vt (使 ）震惊
The news f his death shcked all f us. 他死亡的消息我们所有的人都感到震惊。
adj. shcked受震惊的; shcking令人震惊的；触目惊心的
I was shcked t hear the shcking news. 听到这个令人震惊的消息，我感到很震惊。
18.trap /træp/
vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 ; be trapped in…被困在……中; trap sb int（ding）sth诱使某人（做）某事
Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.
地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。（P50）
Sme f the wrkers were trapped in the ruins. 有些工人被困在废墟中。
n. 险境；陷阱
A fx was caught in a trap. 一只狐狸掉进了陷阱里。
19. bury / ˈberi / vt. 埋葬；安葬
I was lking fr my handbag, which was buried under a pile f ld newspapers.
我正在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
bury ne’s head / neself in… = be buried in… 专心致志于……
My father buried his head / himself in his newspaper.
= My father was buried in his newspaper. 我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
20.breathe / bri:ð / vi.& vt.呼吸
Slwly, the city began t breathe again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。（P50）
It’s gd fr the health t breathe deeply. 做深呼吸对身体有益。
breath /ˈbreθ/ n. 气息；呼吸；一口气
She tk a deep breath. 她做了一次深呼吸。
hld ne’s breath 屏住气
ut f breath 上气不接下气
21.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi复活；（使 ）苏醒
Tangshan began t revive itself and get up n its feet again.
唐山开始恢复元气，重新站起来。（P50）
The ecnmy is beginning t revive. 经济开始复苏。
revival / rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. 振兴；复苏
What d yu think helped in the revival f Tangshan city?
你认为是什么帮助唐山市的复兴？（P51）
Wrld trade is shwing signs f revival. 世界贸易正显示出复苏的征兆。
22.effrt /'efət / n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
Yu shuld put mre effrt int yur wrk. 你应该更加努力地工作。
All my effrts ended in failure . 我的一切努力最后都无济于事。
make an effrt 作出努力
He was making an effrt t cntrl himself. 他努力控制自己的情绪。
23.suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) /
vt. 遭受；蒙受
The cmpany suffered heavy lsses last year. 公司去年出现巨额亏损。
vi. ( 因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
They suffered terribly when their sn was killed. 儿子遇难之后，他们悲痛欲绝。
suffer frm 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
Sme were fund alive, thugh they were suffering frm terrible injuries.
有些人被发现还活着，尽管他们受到了严重的伤。（P51）
sufferer /ˈsʌfərə(r)/ n．受苦者；受难者；患病者
This new cancer treatment ffers hpe t many sufferers.
这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。
suffering /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. 痛苦；苦难
We must bring suffering and hunger t an end in the wrld.
我们必须结束世界上的苦难和饥饿。
24.erupt / ɪˈrʌpt / vi.& vt. ( 火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出
The cuple vlunteered t help after the vlcan erupted. 火山爆发后这对夫妇自愿帮忙。（P52）
An active vlcan may erupt at any time. 活火山会随时喷发。
eruptin /ɪ'rʌpʃn/ n. 火山爆发；（战争等）爆发
The eruptin f the vlcan destryed many villages. 火山爆发破坏了很多村庄。
25.supply / səˈplaɪ /
n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品
The supplies which were prvided t the disaster area were cllected frm arund the cuntry.
向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集的。（P52）
Our water supply has been cut ff. 我们断水了。
vt. 供应；供给
supply sb with sth = supply sth t sb 向某人提供某物
Russia supplies the Eurpean cuntries with natural gas.
= Russia supplies natural gas t the Eurpean cuntries.
俄罗斯向欧盟国家输送天然气。
26.in the pen air 露天；在户外
Peple put up shelters in the pen air. 人们在户外搭建庇护所。（P52）
The film will be shwn in the pen air tnight. 今晚电影在露天演。
27. survive / səˈvaɪv/
vt. 幸存；艰难度过; vi.生存；存活
She's feeding the baby wh survived the earthquake 她正在喂养地震中幸存的婴儿。（P52）
Of the six peple injured in the crash, nly tw survived. 因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
survive frm sth 从……中幸存下来
Sme strange custms have survived frm earlier times.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
survive n sth 依靠……生存
I can't survive n £40 a week. 一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。
survivr /sə'vaɪvə/ n. 幸存者；生还者
Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.
幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。（P50）
survival /səˈvaɪvl/ 存活；幸存
I think life is a struggle fr survival. 我认为生活就是一场奋力求生的斗争。
一、单词拼写
1．She tk a deep breath and sat up slwly with great___________ (努力)．
2．I have dreams f this place and wnder what it wuld be like t ___________ (呼吸) this air.
3．Latest reprts say that mudslides ___________ (埋) entire villages.
4．The number f families seeking shelters rse by 17 ___________ (百分比)．
5．Dn't leave the lights n.It wastes ___________ (电)．
6．His bad habits ___________ (毁灭) his chance f having a bright future.
7．After the wman heard that her husband was killed in the car accident, she went int ___________ (休克)．
8．In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a ___________ (陷阱) and cvered it with sme leaves.
二、单句语法填空
1．The by walked in as if he ___________ (buy) the whle schl.
2．He ___________ (trap) in the traffic jam and felt helpless.
3．It was a ___________stry, and we all gt ___________. (shck)
4．___________ (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn't ntice what was happening.
5．Years f fighting have left the city in ___________ (ruin); it wuld take a lt f mney t rebuild it.
6．A number f teachers ___________present tday, the number f whm ___________300. (be)
7．We have t wait until the discussin between them cmes ___________an end.
8．His friend has suffered ___________illness fr years.
三、选词填空
eq \x(be trapped in， in ruins， be buried in， dig ut， cme t an end， instead f)
1．After the exam, all the lessns in schl als ___________.
2．It was reprted that an American cuple had___________ a lt f gld cins frm their wn yard.
3．She ___________thught, s she didn't ntice the water was biling.
4．Why dn't yu play ftball ___________ just lking n?
5．The city lay ___________ after the earthquake. Nw, rws f huses are being built.
6．They ___________ the burning building. Please call the fire department right away.
四、完成句子
1．___________he knew everything that happened last night.
他好像知道昨晚发生的一切。
2．If that were true, bth cmpanies wuld ______________________.
如果那是真的，双方公司都将蒙受巨大的损失。
3．Althugh the lady lks elegant, actually she ______________________.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
4．He ______________________ when I came in.
我进来的时候他正在专心致志地学习。
5．I ______________________he had resigned.
听到他辞职的消息，我非常震惊。
6．S yu can see, I'm far ______________________ giving up!
因此你可以知道，我整天忙于生活，根本没时间去考虑放弃！
答案
一、单词拼写
1．She tk a deep breath and sat up slwly with great effrt (努力)．
2．I have dreams f this place and wnder what it wuld be like t breathe (呼吸) this air.
3．Latest reprts say that mudslides buried (埋) entire villages.
4．The number f families seeking shelters rse by 17 percent (百分比)．
5．Dn't leave the lights n.It wastes electricity (电)．
6．His bad habits ruined (毁灭) his chance f having a bright future.
7．After the wman heard that her husband was killed in the car accident, she went int shck (休克)．
8．In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a trap (陷阱) and cvered it with sme leaves.
二、单句语法填空
1．The by walked in as if he had_bught (buy) the whle schl.
2．He was_trapped (trap) in the traffic jam and felt helpless.
3．It was a shcking stry, and we all gt shcked. (shck)
4．Burying (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn't ntice what was happening.
5．Years f fighting have left the city in ruins (ruin); it wuld take a lt f mney t rebuild it.
6．A number f teachers are present tday, the number f whm is 300. (be)
7．We have t wait until the discussin between them cmes t an end.
8．His friend has suffered frm illness fr years.
三、选词填空
eq \x(be trapped in， in ruins， be buried in， dig ut， cme t an end， instead f)
1．After the exam, all the lessns in schl als came_t_an_end.
2．It was reprted that an American cuple had dug_ut a lt f gld cins frm their wn yard.
3．She was_buried_in thught, s she didn't ntice the water was biling.
4．Why dn't yu play ftball instead_f just lking n?
5．The city lay in_ruins after the earthquake.Nw, rws f huses are being built.
6．They are_trapped_in the burning building.Please call the fire department right away.
四、完成句子
1．It_seemed_as_if he knew everything that happened last night.
他好像知道昨晚发生的一切。
2．If that were true, bth cmpanies wuld suffer_a_great_lss.
如果那是真的，双方公司都将蒙受巨大的损失。
3．Althugh the lady lks elegant, actually she is_hard_t_get_alng_with.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
4．He was_burying_himself_in_studying when I came in.
我进来的时候他正在专心致志地学习。
5．I was_shcked_t_hear_that he had resigned.
听到他辞职的消息，我非常震惊。
6．S yu can see, I'm far t_busy_with_living_t_think_f giving up!
因此你可以知道，我整天忙于生活，根本没时间去考虑放弃！
一、阅读理解
A
When I was 4 years ld, I met my best friend Ann in kindergarten (幼儿园). She was really small because she was nly 3 years ld, a year yunger than the rest f us. At first I really disliked her. The teachers had t help her with everything! She even needed them t hld her hand as she was ging dwn the slide (滑梯). We wuld play jkes n her tiny nse and I thught it was quite funny.
When ne f the kids had his/her birthday, we wuld bring lts f candies, ballns, eat a cake and sing Happy Birthday t Yu in kindergarten. I was s delirius when my birthday was drawing near. Hwever, a teacher held the tiny girl's hand and they came t me. “Yu girls can celebrate yur birthday tgether! Gaja, yur birthday is n the 19th and her birthday is just a day later! Isn't that surprising？” Perfectly surprising. I was angry.
The next day was my birthday and I felt that I was the happiest kid in the entire wrld. I shuld als mentin that I was unable t stp imagining myself as a princess at the time. When I almst frgt abut the tiny girl, she came t me. I saw she was hlding tw beautiful crwns (王冠) that were made ut f paper. One was green and the ther ne was red. She gave me the red ne and wished me a happy birthday. Yu can imagine I was really, really grateful. Since that day, we became very clse friends.
We're nw finishing high schl in the same class and in fall we're ging t study at the same university. T this day, I still feel s lucky that Ann was able t buy my friendship with a paper crwn. 15 years later, we're almst like sisters and I lve her s much.
21．Why did the authr dislike Ann at first?
A．Ann had a tiny nse.
B．Ann was yunger than her.
C．She thught Ann was nt brave.
D．She thught Ann was a truble.
22．What des the underlined wrd “delirius” in the secnd paragraph mean?
A．Lucky.B．Excited.
C．Grateful. D．Satisfied.
23．What happened n the authr's birthday?
A．Ann came late n purpse.
B．Ann prmised t be her friend.
C．She changed her mind abut Ann.
D．She was angry at Ann's appearance.
B
After an earthquake mst survivrs can be expected t recver ver time, particularly with the supprt f family and friends. Sme families will be able t return t their nrmal life quickly, while thers will have t cntend_with the destructin f their hmes, medical prblems, and injury t family members. Children especially will need time t recver frm the lss f a lved ne r a pet r frm the clsing dwn f their schl.
Children ften turn t adults fr infrmatin, cmfrt and help. Parents shuld try t remain calm, answer children's questins hnestly and remain understanding when they see changes in their children's behaviur.
Children react differently t an earthquake depending n their ages, develpmental levels and frmer experiences. Sme will respnd by withdrawing (不与人交往), while thers will have angry utbursts (爆发)．Parents shuld remain sensitive t each child's reactins. Parents shuld spend time talking t their children, letting them knw that it's OK t ask questins and t share their wrries. Althugh it may be hard t find time t have these talks, parents can use regular family mealtimes r bedtime fr them. They shuld answer questins briefly and hnestly and be sure t ask their children fr their pinins and ideas. Issues may cme up mre than nce and parents shuld remain patient when yu answer the questins again. Fr yung children, parents, after talking abut the earthquake, might read a favurite stry r have a relaxing family activity t help them calm dwn. Parents shuld als tell children they are safe and spend extra time with them. They culd play games utside r read tgether indrs. Mst imprtantly, be sure t tell them yu lve them.
24．The underlined phrase “cntend with” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “________”．
A．deal with B．make up
C．put ff D．turn back
25．When children ask the same questins again, parents shuld________.
A．read a favurite stry t cmfrt them
B．ask them t help d sme husewrk
C．be patient and answer the questins again
D．take them ut t play games
26．Which f the fllwing pieces f advice is NOT mentined in the passage?
A．Keep a clse watch n children's behaviur.
B．Tell the children they are safe.
C．Tell the children yu lve them.
D．Ask educatinal experts fr help.
27．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．All peple will recver frm an earthquake quickly.
B．Children may need a lnger time t recver after an earthquake.
C．Children shuld turn t their classmates fr help after an earthquake.
D．Children react in the same way as adults d t an earthquake.
C
Lins cmmunicate with each ther thrugh bdy language, tuch, smell, and sund.Lins frm the same pride (狮群) greet each ther by tuching their faces, necks and bdies tgether.
Lins have many scent glands (臭腺) n their faces, lips, freheads and tails (尾巴). A lin's scent cmmunicates with ther lins where they have been and hw lng ag.They als use scent t attract a friend.Lins have an extra smell rgan (器官) called the Jacbsn's rgan that is used t smell ther cats.In rder t use this rgan, a lin shuts ff his nse, and tastes the air thrugh his muth!
Lins use many parts f their bdies t cmmunicate their feelings thrugh psturing.Because their mst dangerus weapns (武器) are their teeth, and the mst imprtant bdy part used t cmmunicate is their faces.When lins feel threatened and are scared, they shw their weapns, raise their tails and lift their backs trying t lk as big as pssible.The king f the pride will walk with his head held high, his ears standing upright, his muth clsed, and his tail waving frm sidetside.The ther members f the pride will walk with their heads held lw, their muths pen, and their teeth shwing.A lin is able t ntice even the slightest change in psture f anther lin.
The lin is the ludest f all big cats.Because lins are ne f the mst threatening animals in the wild, and they are nt scared t be nisy.Lud rars help keep kings f different prides away frm ne anther.Mthers and their yung use the largest variety f calls t cmmunicate because they are the members f the pride that spend the mst time tgether.
28．Which f the fllwing behaviur is friendly?
A．Smelling each ther.
B．Tuching each ther.
C．Raring t each ther.
D．Shwing their teeth t each ther.
29．When a lin is scared, he will ________.
A．clse his eyes
B．put dwn his tail
C．make himself lk bigger
D．stand high with his back feet
30．What can we knw frm the last paragraph?
A．The lin is the ludest animal in the wild.
B．Lud rars can be warnings t ther prides.
C．Members f a pride have the same language.
D．It's nt easy fr mther lins t find their children.
二、七选五
Preparing healthy, fresh meals three times a day takes a lt f time. __31__ But hw d we still keep healthy when we eat ut? There are a few simple things we can d.
The first thing t cnsider is the prtin size (分量). Many restaurants prvide larger prtins than yu nrmally need in ne meal. __32__ One way t achieve this, if yu're at a restaurant, is t ask nly half yur meal t be brught ut and the ther half bxed t take hme later. If yu're eating fast fd, rder a Kids Meal that has a smaller prtin.
Hwever, we all want t be satisfied at the end f a meal. __33__ We can achieve it by cntrlling ur appetite (食欲). One way is t carry arund healthy snacks that yu can take between meals t help with hunger. __34__ Nt nly is water imprtant t yur health, but it'll help yu becme full faster.
__35__ Mst menus nw have meals with lw fat. Order thse meals when yu eat ut. Als think abut healthy sup instead f sda drinks.
A．Pay attentin t hw we eat a meal.
B．But water is healthier than sweet drinks.
C．S mre and mre peple like eating ut.
D．Yu can eat less f yur main meal when yu eat ut.
E．Then hw d we d that if we aren't eating tns f fd?
F．One mre thing t think abut is making healthy chices t start with.
G．Anther suggestin is t drink ne t tw cups f water befre yur meal.
三、完型填空
Tim, a blind and deaf man, barded a sixhur flight, travelling frm Bstn t Ls Angeles by himself. He __36__ n bard as n ne was able t cmmunicate with him. After flight attendants (服务人员) lked fr anyne __37__ sign language, Clara Daly came t Tim's __38__ and talked t him in the nly way he knew. Signing each __39__ letter, Clara was able t have a __40__ with him. Her heartwarming act __41__ the attentin f a passenger Lynette Scribner, wh recrded the whle thing.
The flight attendants __42__ wanted t help him, but had n way t __43__. They tk his hands and __44__ s hard t cmmunicate with him, but t n avail (没用). Thse sitting next t Tim __45__ helped get his fd and cffee and __46__ him t the tilet. That was when this lvely yung wman __47__. Clara learned American sign language because she had dyslexia (诵读困难) and it was the __48__ freign language fr her t learn. S fr the rest f the flight, she tk care f Tim and made sure his needs were __49__. She signed ne __50__ at a time int his hand. He was able t __51__ her signing and they carried n a lively cnversatin.
Lynette was tuched by the strangers' __52__ as everyne did their best t help Tim. She said, “All f us in the __53__ rws enjyed his pleasure f having smene t __54__. Actually it was a beautiful __55__ that there are still kindhearted peple wh are willing t help thers.”
36．A.escaped B．suffered
C．walked D．failed
37．A.knwingB．writing
C．inventing D．teaching
38．A.fferB．call
C．mind D．help
39．A.funnyB．strange
C．single D．large
40．A.cnversatinB．discussin
C．meeting D．fight
41．A.fixedB．needed
C．caught D．missed
42．A.shylyB．sincerely
C．suddenly D．finally
43．A.cmmunicateB．fllw
C．change D．settle
44．A.preparedB．determined
C．learned D．tried
45．A.justB．still
C．als D．ever
46．A.ledB．pushed
C．carried D．drve
47．A.answeredB．cntinued
C．disagreed D．appeared
48．A.funniestB．easiest
C．best D．newest
49．A.madeB．divided
C．met D．nticed
50．A.letterB．mark
C．vcabulary D．usage
51．A.feelB．hear
C．accept D．read
52．A.hnestyB．kindness
C．expressin D．happiness
53．A.shrtB．middle
C．neighburing D．straight
54．A.mve tB．reply t
C．agree t D．talk t
55．A.ideaB．example
C．accident D．suggestin
四、语法填空
New Yrk City is a city that __56__ (lie) at the muth f the Hudsn River, sutheastern New Yrk State. It is __57__ (fficial) called the City f New Yrk. The city has five parts: Manhattan, Brklyn, the Brnx, Queens, and Staten Island — each having its wn lifestyle. __58__ (mve) frm ne city t the next may be like passing frm ne cuntry t __59__.
Fr the past tw __60__ (century), New Yrk City has been the largest and __61__ (busy) American city. Over half the peple and gds that ever entered the U．S. in the past came thrugh its prt (港口). New Yrk City means __62__ (pssible) because it is always n its way t smething better. Hwever, it has als becme a gal fr internatinal terrrism (恐怖主义). The Wrld Trade Center, __63__ had been the mst imprtant symbl f the city fr 30 years, __64__ (attack) n September 11, 2001. Whatever happens, New Yrk City is a place that prvides peple __65__ all kinds f fd, languages, and experiences.
答案解析
一、阅读理解
A篇
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者与Ann在幼儿园里相识。起初，作者并不喜欢Ann，但后来两人成了情同姐妹的好朋友。
21.解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段的“The teachers had t help her with everything! She even needed them t hld her hand as she was ging dwn the slide (滑梯)．”可知，Ann做什么事都需要老师的帮助，甚至她滑滑梯时还需要别人拉住她的手。因此，作者认为Ann是个麻烦不断的人，因此不喜欢她。
22.解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据该词前后的“When ne f the kids had his/her birthday ... sing Happy Birthday t Yu in kindergarten”和“when my birthday was drawing near”可知，生日当天孩子们会带来很多糖果、气球，吃蛋糕和唱生日歌，所以快到作者的生日时，她感到很兴奋。
23.解析：选C 推理判断题。结合第一段的“At first I really disliked her”，第二段的“I was angry”和第三段的“Yu can imagine I was really, really grateful ... very clse friends”可以推知，作者过生日时Ann送了作者一顶红色的王冠，作者由原本不喜欢Ann到和Ann成为了非常亲密的朋友，作者改变了对Ann的看法。
B篇
语篇解读：本文就震后如何帮助孩子恢复身心健康向家长提出了有关建议。
24.解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据上下文可推出此处“cntend with”意思为“处理”。与deal with 接近。
25.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Issues may cme up mre than nce and parents shuld remain patient when yu answer the questins again.”可知答案。
26.解析：选D 细节理解题。从文章最后一段可找到有关A、B、C三个选项的表述，D项文中没有提及。
27.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Children especially will need time t recver frm ...”可知B项正确。
C篇
语篇解读：狮子通过动作、表情、叫声及气味来彼此交流。
28.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lins frm the same pride (狮群) greet each ther by tuching their faces, necks and bdies tgether.”可知，同一狮群中的狮子通过身体的接触来打招呼，表示友好。
29.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When lins feel threatened and are scared, they shw their weapns, raise their tails and lift their backs trying t lk as big as pssible.”可知答案。
30.解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Lud rars help keep kings f different prides away frm ne anther.”可知，狮子通过吼叫警告其他狮群不要靠近。
二、七选五
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了在外就餐时如何保证健康的饮食。
31．选C 准备健康、新鲜的一日三餐是一件耗时的事，所以越来越多的人喜欢在外就餐。根据下一句中的“eat ut”可以推知，空格处提到了“在外就餐”。
32．选D 本段的主旨是在外就餐时要考虑到我们所点食物的分量。选项D中的“eat less”符合本段的主旨。
33．选E 上一段建议我们在外就餐时尽量点小分量的食物。本段的第一句说，但是我们都希望在享受完一顿饭后能够获得满足感。空格处承上启下，说到：那么我们在不能放开胃口吃的情况下，如何获得吃饭的满足感呢？
34．选G 根据本段的“cntrlling ur appetite”可知，本段的主旨是建议我们控制食欲。上一句“One way is t ...”给出了控制食欲的一个方法，空格处提出另一个方法，Anther suggestin is t ...。再结合下一句中的water可知，空格处提到了water。选项B也提到了water，但不符合语境。
35．选F 本段提出了在外就餐的最后一条建议。根据下文的点低脂肪的食物和健康的汤可以推知，本段的主旨是在外就餐时从点餐开始就做健康的选择。
三、完型填空
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了双目失明且失聪的Tim在飞机上得到Clara Daly和其他乘客帮助的故事。
36解析：选B 根据上文“Tim, a blind and deaf man”可知，Tim在飞机上无法与其他人交流，感到很不适。
37解析：选A 由上文“n ne was able t cmmunicate with him”可知，空乘人员想找一个懂手语的人。
38解析：选D 根据上文内容可知，Tim需要别人帮助，所以Clara Daly过来帮忙。
39解析：选C 根据上文内容可知，Clara把每一个字母比划出来，从而和Tim进行交流。
40解析：选A 参考上题解析。
41解析：选C 由下文“wh recrded the whle thing”可知，Clara感人的行为引起了Lynette Scribner的注意。
42解析：选B 根据下文可知，空乘人员真心想帮助Tim，但是无法和他交流。
43解析：选A 参考上题解析。
44解析：选D 根据上文“wanted t help him”可知，空乘人员想帮助他，所以他们尽力和他交流，但是没用。
45解析：选C 坐在Tim旁边的乘客也帮他领取食物和咖啡，还带他去卫生间。
46解析：选A 参考上题解析。
47解析：选D 正在Tim需要帮助的时候，Clara出现了。
48解析：选B 由“she had dyslexia”可知，对于Clara来说，美式手语是最容易学习的语言。
49解析：选C 根据下文“everyne did their best t help Tim”可知，Clara照顾Tim，确保他的需要得到满足。
50解析：选A 根据上文内容可知，Clara每次比划一个字母。
51解析：选D 由下文“they carried n a lively cnversatin”可知，Tim能够理解Clara的手语。
52解析：选B 根据上文内容可知，Lynette被大家的善行所感动。
53解析：选C 根据上文“Thse sitting next t Tim”可知，坐在Tim旁边的人们都为有人和他交流而感到开心。
54解析：选D 参考上题解析。
55解析：选B 由下文内容可知，本文讲述了一个很好的助人为乐的事例。
四、语法填空
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国第一大城市纽约市。
56．lies 定语从句的关系词that是lie的主语，两者之间是主动关系，且本句为陈述事实，故填lies。
57．fficially 副词修饰动词called。
58．Mving/T mve 动名词或动词不定式作主语。
59．anther 根据上文的“frm ne cuntry”可知，此处填anther指代另一个国家。
60．centuries 根据本空前的tw可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。
61．busiest 根据空前的largest可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。
62．pssibility 纽约市意味着许多可能性。名词作谓语动词means的宾语。
63．which 该空为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为The Wrld Trade Center，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
64．was attacked 本句的主语是The Wrld Trade Center，与动词attack之间是动宾关系，且本句描述过去发生的事情，故填was attacked。
65．with prvide sb. with sth.“向某人提供某物”。
1. 【2012广东】He walked in as if he ______(buy) the schl.
2. 【2017全国卷I】This trend, which was started by the medical cmmunity(医学界) as a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side_____ ( effect) such as verweight and heart disease - the very thing the medical cmmunity was trying t fight.
答案解析
1.答案：had bught 句意：他走进来，似乎他买下了这个学校。as if引导的方式状语从句中，表示和过去事实相反的虚拟，从句用过去完成时。
2.答案：effects句意：这个趋势是由医学界将其作为一种对抗心脏病的方法开始的，但已经有一些意想不到的副作用，像超重和心脏病，这些副作用正是医学界尝试去对抗的。根据空前的“sme”及空后的“such as verweight and heart disease”可知用名词复数形式effects。重点单词
___________vt.幸存；__________n. 幸存者；生还者_______________n. 存活；幸存
2 .____________ n.电力供应；力量；控制力______________ adj.（指人）有权势的；有影响力的；（指物）强有力的
3.___________v.受苦___________n．受苦者；受难者；患病者__________ n. 痛苦；苦难
4._______________vi.&vt. ( 火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出______________n. 火山爆发；（战争等）爆发
5._______________ n.影响；结果；效果______________ vt.影响
6____________n.长；长度___________adj.长的________________vt加长_______________
7 ___________________vt/n求助_________ n. 救援者；救助者
8.____________ vt.& vi复活；（使）苏醒_______________ n. 振兴；复苏
9.____________________vt/n震惊）_________________adj. （人感到）惊愕的；受震惊的______________ adj. 令人震惊的；触目惊心的
目标短语
_________________ 自然灾害
________________ 空难
________________（使）滑入; 溜进
________________ 大量的
________________从……中营救某人/某物
________________对……引起损害
________________对……造成损害
________________ 动物收容处
________________保护……免受……
________________躲避（风、雨或危险）
________________似乎；好像；仿佛
________________严重受损；破败不堪
________________ 震惊；吃惊
________________…被困在……中
________________诱使某人（做）某事
________________屏住气
ut f breath ________________
make an effrt ________________
suffer frm ________________
supply sb with sth = supply sth t sb________________
.in the pen air ________________
survive frm sth________________
nuclear/wind/slar pwer ________________
pwer cut/failure________________
first aid ________________
first aid kit ________________
. n hand________________
an air strike ________________
29. side effect____________
重点语法
定语从句（一）--- 关系代词的用法
1.destry只用作动词，指强调用某种摧毁性的力彻底破坏，以致不可能修复，常作"破坏"、"毁灭"解,也可以指希望、计划等破灭。
The earthquake destryed almst the whle twn. 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。
His hpe f being a writer was destryed. 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。
2.damage可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作名词时常与 t sb/sth 连用。指部分"损坏"、"损害"或指价值有所降低。一般被破坏的物品可以重新修复。
Hundreds f huses in the area were damaged by the strm.
暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。
The accident did a lt f damage t his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。
3.ruin可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作动词时,作“破坏；毁灭；弄糟"解；用作名词时,表示"毁灭；毁坏；废墟"等抽象概念。表示破坏严重,以致不能修复, 这种破坏不是一次性毁灭某物，而是强调逐渐损坏的结果。
The flds ruined many precius paintings.这次水灾毁坏了很多珍贵的画。
Yu’ll ruin yur health if yu g n like this.这样下去你会毁了你的身体的。
The huse has fallen int ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。
1.1 Reading and Thinking
【答案】
重点单词
1.survive survivr survival
2.pwer pwerful
3.suffer sufferer suffering
4.erupt eruptin
5.effect affect
6.length lng lengthen
7. rescue rescuer
8.revive revival
9. shck shcked shcking
目标短语
natural disasters 自然灾害
an air disaster 空难
slide int（使）滑入; 溜进
a fld f 大量的
rescue sb./ sth. frm…从……中营救某人/某物
cause damage t sb/sth对……引起损害
d damage t sb/sth对……造成损害
an animal shelter 动物收容处
shelter sb/sth frm sb/sth保护……免受……
shelter frm sth躲避（风、雨或危险）
.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
in shck 震惊；吃惊
be trapped in…被困在……中
trap sb int（ding）sth诱使某人（做）某事
hld ne’s breath 屏住气
ut f breath 上气不接下气
make an effrt 作出努力
suffer frm 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
supply sb with sth = supply sth t sb向某人提供某物
.in the pen air 露天；在户外
survive frm sth从……中幸存下来
nuclear/wind/slar pwer 核 / 风 / 太阳能
pwer cut/failure断电/停电
first aid 急救
first aid kit 急救箱
. n hand现有（尤指帮助）
an air strike 空袭
side effect（药物等起到的）副作用
1.disaster / dɪˈzɑ:stə(r) / n.灾难；灾害
natural disasters 自然灾害 （P47）
an air disaster 空难
Thusands f peple died in the disaster. 数千人在这场灾难中丧生。
2. n hand现有（尤指帮助）
We wuld suggest always having n hand enugh water and fd fr three days.
我们建议在三天内保持有足够的水和食物。（P53）
He has t much wrk n hand. 他手头的工作太多了
I always like t keep sme mney n hand. 我总喜欢在手头备好一些钱。
3. strike / straɪk /
vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打
The undersea quake struck arund 7:00. 海底地震发生在7点左右。（P54）
The ship struck a rck. 船触礁了。
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
They went n strike fr mre mney. 他们为了得到更多的钱而罢工。
4. deliver/ dɪˈlɪvə(r) /
vt. & vi.递送；传达
Hwever, dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make it difficult t deliver fd and supplies. 然而，危险的状况和被毁坏的道路将使运送食物和供应品变得困难。（P54）
vt. 发表
The president will deliver a speech abut the ecnmic develpment.
总统将就经济发展发表讲话。
vt. 接生；生(小孩) ; be delivered f a baby 分娩；生孩子
She was delivered f a healthy by. 她生下一个健康的男孩儿。
5.slide / slaɪd / vi. & vt. (slid, slid ) (使 ）滑行；滑动
We slid n the ice. 我们在冰上滑行。
The dr slid pen. 门慢慢开了。
slide int（使）滑入; 溜进
The thief slid int the rm. 小偷悄悄溜进房间。
6. crash / kræʃ/
vi.& vt. 碰撞；撞击
A tsunami crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday. 昨天海啸袭击了亚洲的海岸线。（P54）
n. 撞车；碰撞
a car/plane crash 汽车撞车事故/飞机失事
7. aid / eɪd /
n.援助；帮助；救援物资
first aid 急救
ecnmic /emergency aid 经济 / 紧急援助
with the aid f 在…的帮助下
He succeeded with the aid f a new methd he discvered.
借助于自己发现的一种新的方法，他获得了成功。
vi.& vt. (frmal) 帮助；援助
T aid the pr farmers, the gvernment prvided them with a lt f mney.
为了帮助贫穷的农民，政府给他们提供了很多钱。
9. rescue / ˈreskju: / n.& vt. 营救；救援
What are the rescue wrkers and sldiers ding in the fld-hit area?
在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？（P48）
rescue wrkers/bats/helicpters/ camps救援人员 / 船只 / 直升机 /营
They were rescued by helicpter. 他们被直升机救走了。
rescue sb./ sth. frm… 从……中营救某人/某物
Firefighters rescued a child frm a burning building
消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
rescuer /'reskju:ə(r)/ n. 救援者；救助者
Many peple burst int tears when a rescuer carried a girl ut f the ruins.
当一名救援者从废墟里抱出一个女孩时,在场的许多人不禁潸然泪下。
10. damage / ˈdæmɪdʒ /
vt. 损害；破坏
Which buildings were damaged in Seul ？ 首尔哪些建筑物受损？（P48）
Smking seriusly damages yur health. 吸烟严重损害健康。
n.损坏；损失
cause damage t sb/sth 对……引起损害
d damage t sb/sth 对……造成损害
The strm didn't d much damage t crps. 暴风雨并未对庄稼造成严重损失。
11.destry/dɪ'strɔɪ/ vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭
Nearly everything in the city was destryed. 城里几乎所有的东西都被毁了。（P49）
They've destryed all the evidence. 他们销毁了一切证据。
12.affect /ə'fekt/ vt. 影响；（疾 病 ） 侵袭 ；深深打动
82 killed, 500,000 affected 82死亡，50万人受影响（P49）
The illness has affected bth her mental and physical health. 这种疾病损害了她的身心健康。
13．shelter/'ʃeltə/
n.避难处；居所；庇护
Shelters were set up by the gvernment. 政府搭建了庇护所。（P49）
Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。（P50）
Peple were running fr the shelter frm the strm. 人们跑着找地方躲避暴风雨。
an animal shelter 动物收容处
vt.保护；掩蔽 shelter sb/sth frm sb/sth 保护……免受……
Sme parents want t shelter their children frm any harm.
有些父母想保护他们的孩子不受任何伤害。
vi. 躲避 （风、雨或危险）; shelter frm sth 躲避（风、雨或危险）
We sheltered frm the rain in a drway. 我们在一处门廊里避雨。
14. crack /kræk/
n..裂纹 ；裂缝
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。（P50）
This cup has a crack in it. 这杯子有一道裂痕。
vi. & vt. (使 ）破裂
The ice cracked as I stepped nt it. 我一踩冰就裂了。
15.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！世界似乎要到末日！（P50）
She std at the gate as if she was waiting fr smene. 她站在门口好像在等人。
【拓展】
as if的用法：(同as thugh)
as if 后面即可以接陈述语气也可以接虚拟语气,如果后面接的并非真实情况,则要用虚拟语气，时态变化形式如下：
①和现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（be动词用were）。
②和过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。
③和将来事实相反，从句用wuld/ culd+ d。
Sme peple like t talk abut film stars’ persnal life as if they were clse friends.
一些人喜欢谈论影星的私生活，好像他们是亲密朋友。
She lves the by as if she were his mther．她爱这男孩,就好像她是他的母亲一样。
It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I had dne it?
打破窗子的是约翰，为什么你和我说话，好像是我打破的。
16.ruin /'ru:ɪn/
n. 破坏；毁坏；废墟（多用复数）；in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.
幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。（P50）
The huse has fallen int ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。
In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。（P50）
vt. 破坏；毁坏
The crps were ruined by the heavy rain. 农作物被大雨全毁了。
【辨析】destry，damage，ruin
17.shck /ʃɒk/
n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 in shck 震惊；吃惊
The little by was speechless with shck. 那小男孩惊得说不出话来。
Peple were in shck—and then, later that afternn, anther big quake shk Tangshan again.
人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。（P50）
vt (使 ）震惊
The news f his death shcked all f us. 他死亡的消息我们所有的人都感到震惊。
adj. shcked受震惊的; shcking令人震惊的；触目惊心的
I was shcked t hear the shcking news. 听到这个令人震惊的消息，我感到很震惊。
18.trap /træp/
vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 ; be trapped in…被困在……中; trap sb int（ding）sth诱使某人（做）某事
Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.
地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。（P50）
Sme f the wrkers were trapped in the ruins. 有些工人被困在废墟中。
n. 险境；陷阱
A fx was caught in a trap. 一只狐狸掉进了陷阱里。
19. bury / ˈberi / vt. 埋葬；安葬
I was lking fr my handbag, which was buried under a pile f ld newspapers.
我正在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
bury ne’s head / neself in… = be buried in… 专心致志于……
My father buried his head / himself in his newspaper.
= My father was buried in his newspaper. 我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
20.breathe / bri:ð / vi.& vt.呼吸
Slwly, the city began t breathe again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。（P50）
It’s gd fr the health t breathe deeply. 做深呼吸对身体有益。
breath /ˈbreθ/ n. 气息；呼吸；一口气
She tk a deep breath. 她做了一次深呼吸。
hld ne’s breath 屏住气
ut f breath 上气不接下气
21.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi复活；（使 ）苏醒
Tangshan began t revive itself and get up n its feet again.
唐山开始恢复元气，重新站起来。（P50）
The ecnmy is beginning t revive. 经济开始复苏。
revival / rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. 振兴；复苏
What d yu think helped in the revival f Tangshan city?
你认为是什么帮助唐山市的复兴？（P51）
Wrld trade is shwing signs f revival. 世界贸易正显示出复苏的征兆。
22.effrt /'efət / n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
Yu shuld put mre effrt int yur wrk. 你应该更加努力地工作。
All my effrts ended in failure . 我的一切努力最后都无济于事。
make an effrt 作出努力
He was making an effrt t cntrl himself. 他努力控制自己的情绪。
23.suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) /
vt. 遭受；蒙受
The cmpany suffered heavy lsses last year. 公司去年出现巨额亏损。
vi. ( 因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
They suffered terribly when their sn was killed. 儿子遇难之后，他们悲痛欲绝。
suffer frm 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
Sme were fund alive, thugh they were suffering frm terrible injuries.
有些人被发现还活着，尽管他们受到了严重的伤。（P51）
sufferer /ˈsʌfərə(r)/ n．受苦者；受难者；患病者
This new cancer treatment ffers hpe t many sufferers.
这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。
suffering /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. 痛苦；苦难
We must bring suffering and hunger t an end in the wrld.
我们必须结束世界上的苦难和饥饿。
24.erupt / ɪˈrʌpt / vi.& vt. ( 火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出
The cuple vlunteered t help after the vlcan erupted. 火山爆发后这对夫妇自愿帮忙。（P52）
An active vlcan may erupt at any time. 活火山会随时喷发。
eruptin /ɪ'rʌpʃn/ n. 火山爆发；（战争等）爆发
The eruptin f the vlcan destryed many villages. 火山爆发破坏了很多村庄。
25.supply / səˈplaɪ /
n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品
The supplies which were prvided t the disaster area were cllected frm arund the cuntry.
向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集的。（P52）
Our water supply has been cut ff. 我们断水了。
vt. 供应；供给
supply sb with sth = supply sth t sb 向某人提供某物
Russia supplies the Eurpean cuntries with natural gas.
= Russia supplies natural gas t the Eurpean cuntries.
俄罗斯向欧盟国家输送天然气。
26.in the pen air 露天；在户外
Peple put up shelters in the pen air. 人们在户外搭建庇护所。（P52）
The film will be shwn in the pen air tnight. 今晚电影在露天演。
27. survive / səˈvaɪv/
vt. 幸存；艰难度过; vi.生存；存活
She's feeding the baby wh survived the earthquake 她正在喂养地震中幸存的婴儿。（P52）
Of the six peple injured in the crash, nly tw survived. 因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
survive frm sth 从……中幸存下来
Sme strange custms have survived frm earlier times.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
survive n sth 依靠……生存
I can't survive n £40 a week. 一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。
survivr /sə'vaɪvə/ n. 幸存者；生还者
Everywhere survivrs lked, there was nthing but ruins.
幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。（P50）
survival /səˈvaɪvl/ 存活；幸存
I think life is a struggle fr survival. 我认为生活就是一场奋力求生的斗争。
一、单词拼写
1．She tk a deep breath and sat up slwly with great___________ (努力)．
2．I have dreams f this place and wnder what it wuld be like t ___________ (呼吸) this air.
3．Latest reprts say that mudslides ___________ (埋) entire villages.
4．The number f families seeking shelters rse by 17 ___________ (百分比)．
5．Dn't leave the lights n.It wastes ___________ (电)．
6．His bad habits ___________ (毁灭) his chance f having a bright future.
7．After the wman heard that her husband was killed in the car accident, she went int ___________ (休克)．
8．In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a ___________ (陷阱) and cvered it with sme leaves.
二、单句语法填空
1．The by walked in as if he ___________ (buy) the whle schl.
2．He ___________ (trap) in the traffic jam and felt helpless.
3．It was a ___________stry, and we all gt ___________. (shck)
4．___________ (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn't ntice what was happening.
5．Years f fighting have left the city in ___________ (ruin); it wuld take a lt f mney t rebuild it.
6．A number f teachers ___________present tday, the number f whm ___________300. (be)
7．We have t wait until the discussin between them cmes ___________an end.
8．His friend has suffered ___________illness fr years.
三、选词填空
eq \x(be trapped in， in ruins， be buried in， dig ut， cme t an end， instead f)
1．After the exam, all the lessns in schl als ___________.
2．It was reprted that an American cuple had___________ a lt f gld cins frm their wn yard.
3．She ___________thught, s she didn't ntice the water was biling.
4．Why dn't yu play ftball ___________ just lking n?
5．The city lay ___________ after the earthquake. Nw, rws f huses are being built.
6．They ___________ the burning building. Please call the fire department right away.
四、完成句子
1．___________he knew everything that happened last night.
他好像知道昨晚发生的一切。
2．If that were true, bth cmpanies wuld ______________________.
如果那是真的，双方公司都将蒙受巨大的损失。
3．Althugh the lady lks elegant, actually she ______________________.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
4．He ______________________ when I came in.
我进来的时候他正在专心致志地学习。
5．I ______________________he had resigned.
听到他辞职的消息，我非常震惊。
6．S yu can see, I'm far ______________________ giving up!
因此你可以知道，我整天忙于生活，根本没时间去考虑放弃！
答案
一、单词拼写
1．She tk a deep breath and sat up slwly with great effrt (努力)．
2．I have dreams f this place and wnder what it wuld be like t breathe (呼吸) this air.
3．Latest reprts say that mudslides buried (埋) entire villages.
4．The number f families seeking shelters rse by 17 percent (百分比)．
5．Dn't leave the lights n.It wastes electricity (电)．
6．His bad habits ruined (毁灭) his chance f having a bright future.
7．After the wman heard that her husband was killed in the car accident, she went int shck (休克)．
8．In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a trap (陷阱) and cvered it with sme leaves.
二、单句语法填空
1．The by walked in as if he had_bught (buy) the whle schl.
2．He was_trapped (trap) in the traffic jam and felt helpless.
3．It was a shcking stry, and we all gt shcked. (shck)
4．Burying (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn't ntice what was happening.
5．Years f fighting have left the city in ruins (ruin); it wuld take a lt f mney t rebuild it.
6．A number f teachers are present tday, the number f whm is 300. (be)
7．We have t wait until the discussin between them cmes t an end.
8．His friend has suffered frm illness fr years.
三、选词填空
eq \x(be trapped in， in ruins， be buried in， dig ut， cme t an end， instead f)
1．After the exam, all the lessns in schl als came_t_an_end.
2．It was reprted that an American cuple had dug_ut a lt f gld cins frm their wn yard.
3．She was_buried_in thught, s she didn't ntice the water was biling.
4．Why dn't yu play ftball instead_f just lking n?
5．The city lay in_ruins after the earthquake.Nw, rws f huses are being built.
6．They are_trapped_in the burning building.Please call the fire department right away.
四、完成句子
1．It_seemed_as_if he knew everything that happened last night.
他好像知道昨晚发生的一切。
2．If that were true, bth cmpanies wuld suffer_a_great_lss.
如果那是真的，双方公司都将蒙受巨大的损失。
3．Althugh the lady lks elegant, actually she is_hard_t_get_alng_with.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
4．He was_burying_himself_in_studying when I came in.
我进来的时候他正在专心致志地学习。
5．I was_shcked_t_hear_that he had resigned.
听到他辞职的消息，我非常震惊。
6．S yu can see, I'm far t_busy_with_living_t_think_f giving up!
因此你可以知道，我整天忙于生活，根本没时间去考虑放弃！
一、阅读理解
A
When I was 4 years ld, I met my best friend Ann in kindergarten (幼儿园). She was really small because she was nly 3 years ld, a year yunger than the rest f us. At first I really disliked her. The teachers had t help her with everything! She even needed them t hld her hand as she was ging dwn the slide (滑梯). We wuld play jkes n her tiny nse and I thught it was quite funny.
When ne f the kids had his/her birthday, we wuld bring lts f candies, ballns, eat a cake and sing Happy Birthday t Yu in kindergarten. I was s delirius when my birthday was drawing near. Hwever, a teacher held the tiny girl's hand and they came t me. “Yu girls can celebrate yur birthday tgether! Gaja, yur birthday is n the 19th and her birthday is just a day later! Isn't that surprising？” Perfectly surprising. I was angry.
The next day was my birthday and I felt that I was the happiest kid in the entire wrld. I shuld als mentin that I was unable t stp imagining myself as a princess at the time. When I almst frgt abut the tiny girl, she came t me. I saw she was hlding tw beautiful crwns (王冠) that were made ut f paper. One was green and the ther ne was red. She gave me the red ne and wished me a happy birthday. Yu can imagine I was really, really grateful. Since that day, we became very clse friends.
We're nw finishing high schl in the same class and in fall we're ging t study at the same university. T this day, I still feel s lucky that Ann was able t buy my friendship with a paper crwn. 15 years later, we're almst like sisters and I lve her s much.
21．Why did the authr dislike Ann at first?
A．Ann had a tiny nse.
B．Ann was yunger than her.
C．She thught Ann was nt brave.
D．She thught Ann was a truble.
22．What des the underlined wrd “delirius” in the secnd paragraph mean?
A．Lucky.B．Excited.
C．Grateful. D．Satisfied.
23．What happened n the authr's birthday?
A．Ann came late n purpse.
B．Ann prmised t be her friend.
C．She changed her mind abut Ann.
D．She was angry at Ann's appearance.
B
After an earthquake mst survivrs can be expected t recver ver time, particularly with the supprt f family and friends. Sme families will be able t return t their nrmal life quickly, while thers will have t cntend_with the destructin f their hmes, medical prblems, and injury t family members. Children especially will need time t recver frm the lss f a lved ne r a pet r frm the clsing dwn f their schl.
Children ften turn t adults fr infrmatin, cmfrt and help. Parents shuld try t remain calm, answer children's questins hnestly and remain understanding when they see changes in their children's behaviur.
Children react differently t an earthquake depending n their ages, develpmental levels and frmer experiences. Sme will respnd by withdrawing (不与人交往), while thers will have angry utbursts (爆发)．Parents shuld remain sensitive t each child's reactins. Parents shuld spend time talking t their children, letting them knw that it's OK t ask questins and t share their wrries. Althugh it may be hard t find time t have these talks, parents can use regular family mealtimes r bedtime fr them. They shuld answer questins briefly and hnestly and be sure t ask their children fr their pinins and ideas. Issues may cme up mre than nce and parents shuld remain patient when yu answer the questins again. Fr yung children, parents, after talking abut the earthquake, might read a favurite stry r have a relaxing family activity t help them calm dwn. Parents shuld als tell children they are safe and spend extra time with them. They culd play games utside r read tgether indrs. Mst imprtantly, be sure t tell them yu lve them.
24．The underlined phrase “cntend with” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “________”．
A．deal with B．make up
C．put ff D．turn back
25．When children ask the same questins again, parents shuld________.
A．read a favurite stry t cmfrt them
B．ask them t help d sme husewrk
C．be patient and answer the questins again
D．take them ut t play games
26．Which f the fllwing pieces f advice is NOT mentined in the passage?
A．Keep a clse watch n children's behaviur.
B．Tell the children they are safe.
C．Tell the children yu lve them.
D．Ask educatinal experts fr help.
27．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．All peple will recver frm an earthquake quickly.
B．Children may need a lnger time t recver after an earthquake.
C．Children shuld turn t their classmates fr help after an earthquake.
D．Children react in the same way as adults d t an earthquake.
C
Lins cmmunicate with each ther thrugh bdy language, tuch, smell, and sund.Lins frm the same pride (狮群) greet each ther by tuching their faces, necks and bdies tgether.
Lins have many scent glands (臭腺) n their faces, lips, freheads and tails (尾巴). A lin's scent cmmunicates with ther lins where they have been and hw lng ag.They als use scent t attract a friend.Lins have an extra smell rgan (器官) called the Jacbsn's rgan that is used t smell ther cats.In rder t use this rgan, a lin shuts ff his nse, and tastes the air thrugh his muth!
Lins use many parts f their bdies t cmmunicate their feelings thrugh psturing.Because their mst dangerus weapns (武器) are their teeth, and the mst imprtant bdy part used t cmmunicate is their faces.When lins feel threatened and are scared, they shw their weapns, raise their tails and lift their backs trying t lk as big as pssible.The king f the pride will walk with his head held high, his ears standing upright, his muth clsed, and his tail waving frm sidetside.The ther members f the pride will walk with their heads held lw, their muths pen, and their teeth shwing.A lin is able t ntice even the slightest change in psture f anther lin.
The lin is the ludest f all big cats.Because lins are ne f the mst threatening animals in the wild, and they are nt scared t be nisy.Lud rars help keep kings f different prides away frm ne anther.Mthers and their yung use the largest variety f calls t cmmunicate because they are the members f the pride that spend the mst time tgether.
28．Which f the fllwing behaviur is friendly?
A．Smelling each ther.
B．Tuching each ther.
C．Raring t each ther.
D．Shwing their teeth t each ther.
29．When a lin is scared, he will ________.
A．clse his eyes
B．put dwn his tail
C．make himself lk bigger
D．stand high with his back feet
30．What can we knw frm the last paragraph?
A．The lin is the ludest animal in the wild.
B．Lud rars can be warnings t ther prides.
C．Members f a pride have the same language.
D．It's nt easy fr mther lins t find their children.
二、七选五
Preparing healthy, fresh meals three times a day takes a lt f time. __31__ But hw d we still keep healthy when we eat ut? There are a few simple things we can d.
The first thing t cnsider is the prtin size (分量). Many restaurants prvide larger prtins than yu nrmally need in ne meal. __32__ One way t achieve this, if yu're at a restaurant, is t ask nly half yur meal t be brught ut and the ther half bxed t take hme later. If yu're eating fast fd, rder a Kids Meal that has a smaller prtin.
Hwever, we all want t be satisfied at the end f a meal. __33__ We can achieve it by cntrlling ur appetite (食欲). One way is t carry arund healthy snacks that yu can take between meals t help with hunger. __34__ Nt nly is water imprtant t yur health, but it'll help yu becme full faster.
__35__ Mst menus nw have meals with lw fat. Order thse meals when yu eat ut. Als think abut healthy sup instead f sda drinks.
A．Pay attentin t hw we eat a meal.
B．But water is healthier than sweet drinks.
C．S mre and mre peple like eating ut.
D．Yu can eat less f yur main meal when yu eat ut.
E．Then hw d we d that if we aren't eating tns f fd?
F．One mre thing t think abut is making healthy chices t start with.
G．Anther suggestin is t drink ne t tw cups f water befre yur meal.
三、完型填空
Tim, a blind and deaf man, barded a sixhur flight, travelling frm Bstn t Ls Angeles by himself. He __36__ n bard as n ne was able t cmmunicate with him. After flight attendants (服务人员) lked fr anyne __37__ sign language, Clara Daly came t Tim's __38__ and talked t him in the nly way he knew. Signing each __39__ letter, Clara was able t have a __40__ with him. Her heartwarming act __41__ the attentin f a passenger Lynette Scribner, wh recrded the whle thing.
The flight attendants __42__ wanted t help him, but had n way t __43__. They tk his hands and __44__ s hard t cmmunicate with him, but t n avail (没用). Thse sitting next t Tim __45__ helped get his fd and cffee and __46__ him t the tilet. That was when this lvely yung wman __47__. Clara learned American sign language because she had dyslexia (诵读困难) and it was the __48__ freign language fr her t learn. S fr the rest f the flight, she tk care f Tim and made sure his needs were __49__. She signed ne __50__ at a time int his hand. He was able t __51__ her signing and they carried n a lively cnversatin.
Lynette was tuched by the strangers' __52__ as everyne did their best t help Tim. She said, “All f us in the __53__ rws enjyed his pleasure f having smene t __54__. Actually it was a beautiful __55__ that there are still kindhearted peple wh are willing t help thers.”
36．A.escaped B．suffered
C．walked D．failed
37．A.knwingB．writing
C．inventing D．teaching
38．A.fferB．call
C．mind D．help
39．A.funnyB．strange
C．single D．large
40．A.cnversatinB．discussin
C．meeting D．fight
41．A.fixedB．needed
C．caught D．missed
42．A.shylyB．sincerely
C．suddenly D．finally
43．A.cmmunicateB．fllw
C．change D．settle
44．A.preparedB．determined
C．learned D．tried
45．A.justB．still
C．als D．ever
46．A.ledB．pushed
C．carried D．drve
47．A.answeredB．cntinued
C．disagreed D．appeared
48．A.funniestB．easiest
C．best D．newest
49．A.madeB．divided
C．met D．nticed
50．A.letterB．mark
C．vcabulary D．usage
51．A.feelB．hear
C．accept D．read
52．A.hnestyB．kindness
C．expressin D．happiness
53．A.shrtB．middle
C．neighburing D．straight
54．A.mve tB．reply t
C．agree t D．talk t
55．A.ideaB．example
C．accident D．suggestin
四、语法填空
New Yrk City is a city that __56__ (lie) at the muth f the Hudsn River, sutheastern New Yrk State. It is __57__ (fficial) called the City f New Yrk. The city has five parts: Manhattan, Brklyn, the Brnx, Queens, and Staten Island — each having its wn lifestyle. __58__ (mve) frm ne city t the next may be like passing frm ne cuntry t __59__.
Fr the past tw __60__ (century), New Yrk City has been the largest and __61__ (busy) American city. Over half the peple and gds that ever entered the U．S. in the past came thrugh its prt (港口). New Yrk City means __62__ (pssible) because it is always n its way t smething better. Hwever, it has als becme a gal fr internatinal terrrism (恐怖主义). The Wrld Trade Center, __63__ had been the mst imprtant symbl f the city fr 30 years, __64__ (attack) n September 11, 2001. Whatever happens, New Yrk City is a place that prvides peple __65__ all kinds f fd, languages, and experiences.
答案解析
一、阅读理解
A篇
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者与Ann在幼儿园里相识。起初，作者并不喜欢Ann，但后来两人成了情同姐妹的好朋友。
21.解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段的“The teachers had t help her with everything! She even needed them t hld her hand as she was ging dwn the slide (滑梯)．”可知，Ann做什么事都需要老师的帮助，甚至她滑滑梯时还需要别人拉住她的手。因此，作者认为Ann是个麻烦不断的人，因此不喜欢她。
22.解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据该词前后的“When ne f the kids had his/her birthday ... sing Happy Birthday t Yu in kindergarten”和“when my birthday was drawing near”可知，生日当天孩子们会带来很多糖果、气球，吃蛋糕和唱生日歌，所以快到作者的生日时，她感到很兴奋。
23.解析：选C 推理判断题。结合第一段的“At first I really disliked her”，第二段的“I was angry”和第三段的“Yu can imagine I was really, really grateful ... very clse friends”可以推知，作者过生日时Ann送了作者一顶红色的王冠，作者由原本不喜欢Ann到和Ann成为了非常亲密的朋友，作者改变了对Ann的看法。
B篇
语篇解读：本文就震后如何帮助孩子恢复身心健康向家长提出了有关建议。
24.解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据上下文可推出此处“cntend with”意思为“处理”。与deal with 接近。
25.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Issues may cme up mre than nce and parents shuld remain patient when yu answer the questins again.”可知答案。
26.解析：选D 细节理解题。从文章最后一段可找到有关A、B、C三个选项的表述，D项文中没有提及。
27.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Children especially will need time t recver frm ...”可知B项正确。
C篇
语篇解读：狮子通过动作、表情、叫声及气味来彼此交流。
28.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lins frm the same pride (狮群) greet each ther by tuching their faces, necks and bdies tgether.”可知，同一狮群中的狮子通过身体的接触来打招呼，表示友好。
29.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When lins feel threatened and are scared, they shw their weapns, raise their tails and lift their backs trying t lk as big as pssible.”可知答案。
30.解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Lud rars help keep kings f different prides away frm ne anther.”可知，狮子通过吼叫警告其他狮群不要靠近。
二、七选五
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了在外就餐时如何保证健康的饮食。
31．选C 准备健康、新鲜的一日三餐是一件耗时的事，所以越来越多的人喜欢在外就餐。根据下一句中的“eat ut”可以推知，空格处提到了“在外就餐”。
32．选D 本段的主旨是在外就餐时要考虑到我们所点食物的分量。选项D中的“eat less”符合本段的主旨。
33．选E 上一段建议我们在外就餐时尽量点小分量的食物。本段的第一句说，但是我们都希望在享受完一顿饭后能够获得满足感。空格处承上启下，说到：那么我们在不能放开胃口吃的情况下，如何获得吃饭的满足感呢？
34．选G 根据本段的“cntrlling ur appetite”可知，本段的主旨是建议我们控制食欲。上一句“One way is t ...”给出了控制食欲的一个方法，空格处提出另一个方法，Anther suggestin is t ...。再结合下一句中的water可知，空格处提到了water。选项B也提到了water，但不符合语境。
35．选F 本段提出了在外就餐的最后一条建议。根据下文的点低脂肪的食物和健康的汤可以推知，本段的主旨是在外就餐时从点餐开始就做健康的选择。
三、完型填空
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了双目失明且失聪的Tim在飞机上得到Clara Daly和其他乘客帮助的故事。
36解析：选B 根据上文“Tim, a blind and deaf man”可知，Tim在飞机上无法与其他人交流，感到很不适。
37解析：选A 由上文“n ne was able t cmmunicate with him”可知，空乘人员想找一个懂手语的人。
38解析：选D 根据上文内容可知，Tim需要别人帮助，所以Clara Daly过来帮忙。
39解析：选C 根据上文内容可知，Clara把每一个字母比划出来，从而和Tim进行交流。
40解析：选A 参考上题解析。
41解析：选C 由下文“wh recrded the whle thing”可知，Clara感人的行为引起了Lynette Scribner的注意。
42解析：选B 根据下文可知，空乘人员真心想帮助Tim，但是无法和他交流。
43解析：选A 参考上题解析。
44解析：选D 根据上文“wanted t help him”可知，空乘人员想帮助他，所以他们尽力和他交流，但是没用。
45解析：选C 坐在Tim旁边的乘客也帮他领取食物和咖啡，还带他去卫生间。
46解析：选A 参考上题解析。
47解析：选D 正在Tim需要帮助的时候，Clara出现了。
48解析：选B 由“she had dyslexia”可知，对于Clara来说，美式手语是最容易学习的语言。
49解析：选C 根据下文“everyne did their best t help Tim”可知，Clara照顾Tim，确保他的需要得到满足。
50解析：选A 根据上文内容可知，Clara每次比划一个字母。
51解析：选D 由下文“they carried n a lively cnversatin”可知，Tim能够理解Clara的手语。
52解析：选B 根据上文内容可知，Lynette被大家的善行所感动。
53解析：选C 根据上文“Thse sitting next t Tim”可知，坐在Tim旁边的人们都为有人和他交流而感到开心。
54解析：选D 参考上题解析。
55解析：选B 由下文内容可知，本文讲述了一个很好的助人为乐的事例。
四、语法填空
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国第一大城市纽约市。
56．lies 定语从句的关系词that是lie的主语，两者之间是主动关系，且本句为陈述事实，故填lies。
57．fficially 副词修饰动词called。
58．Mving/T mve 动名词或动词不定式作主语。
59．anther 根据上文的“frm ne cuntry”可知，此处填anther指代另一个国家。
60．centuries 根据本空前的tw可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。
61．busiest 根据空前的largest可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。
62．pssibility 纽约市意味着许多可能性。名词作谓语动词means的宾语。
63．which 该空为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为The Wrld Trade Center，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
64．was attacked 本句的主语是The Wrld Trade Center，与动词attack之间是动宾关系，且本句描述过去发生的事情，故填was attacked。
65．with prvide sb. with sth.“向某人提供某物”。
1. 【2012广东】He walked in as if he ______(buy) the schl.
2. 【2017全国卷I】This trend, which was started by the medical cmmunity(医学界) as a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side_____ ( effect) such as verweight and heart disease - the very thing the medical cmmunity was trying t fight.
答案解析
1.答案：had bught 句意：他走进来，似乎他买下了这个学校。as if引导的方式状语从句中，表示和过去事实相反的虚拟，从句用过去完成时。
2.答案：effects句意：这个趋势是由医学界将其作为一种对抗心脏病的方法开始的，但已经有一些意想不到的副作用，像超重和心脏病，这些副作用正是医学界尝试去对抗的。根据空前的“sme”及空后的“such as verweight and heart disease”可知用名词复数形式effects。重点单词
___________vt.幸存；__________n. 幸存者；生还者_______________n. 存活；幸存
2 .____________ n.电力供应；力量；控制力______________ adj.（指人）有权势的；有影响力的；（指物）强有力的
3.___________v.受苦___________n．受苦者；受难者；患病者__________ n. 痛苦；苦难
4._______________vi.&vt. ( 火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出______________n. 火山爆发；（战争等）爆发
5._______________ n.影响；结果；效果______________ vt.影响
6____________n.长；长度___________adj.长的________________vt加长_______________
7 ___________________vt/n求助_________ n. 救援者；救助者
8.____________ vt.& vi复活；（使）苏醒_______________ n. 振兴；复苏
9.____________________vt/n震惊）_________________adj. （人感到）惊愕的；受震惊的______________ adj. 令人震惊的；触目惊心的
目标短语
_________________ 自然灾害
________________ 空难
________________（使）滑入; 溜进
________________ 大量的
________________从……中营救某人/某物
________________对……引起损害
________________对……造成损害
________________ 动物收容处
________________保护……免受……
________________躲避（风、雨或危险）
________________似乎；好像；仿佛
________________严重受损；破败不堪
________________ 震惊；吃惊
________________…被困在……中
________________诱使某人（做）某事
________________屏住气
ut f breath ________________
make an effrt ________________
suffer frm ________________
supply sb with sth = supply sth t sb________________
.in the pen air ________________
survive frm sth________________
nuclear/wind/slar pwer ________________
pwer cut/failure________________
first aid ________________
first aid kit ________________
. n hand________________
an air strike ________________
29. side effect____________
重点语法
定语从句（一）--- 关系代词的用法
1.destry只用作动词，指强调用某种摧毁性的力彻底破坏，以致不可能修复，常作"破坏"、"毁灭"解,也可以指希望、计划等破灭。
The earthquake destryed almst the whle twn. 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。
His hpe f being a writer was destryed. 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。
2.damage可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作名词时常与 t sb/sth 连用。指部分"损坏"、"损害"或指价值有所降低。一般被破坏的物品可以重新修复。
Hundreds f huses in the area were damaged by the strm.
暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。
The accident did a lt f damage t his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。
3.ruin可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作动词时,作“破坏；毁灭；弄糟"解；用作名词时,表示"毁灭；毁坏；废墟"等抽象概念。表示破坏严重,以致不能修复, 这种破坏不是一次性毁灭某物，而是强调逐渐损坏的结果。
The flds ruined many precius paintings.这次水灾毁坏了很多珍贵的画。
Yu’ll ruin yur health if yu g n like this.这样下去你会毁了你的身体的。
The huse has fallen int ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。
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