2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：选修8Unit3GoingHome

 Unit 3　Going Home   一、单词—— 写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.attach vt.连接；使依恋；认为有重要性；使附属2.stand vt.  忍受3.agriculture n.  农业4.insult n.  侮辱，凌辱5.vanish vi.  消失，突然不见6.mask vt.  掩饰，使模糊7.assign vt.  分配，指派；布置8.delay n.  耽搁，延迟，迟滞9.regard vt.  尊敬，视为，看作10.extend vt.  给予，提供11.tighten vt.绷紧，拉紧，勒紧→tight adj.紧的，紧密的12.value vt.估价，评价→valuable adj.宝贵的；贵重的13.appoint vt.约定，指定(时间、地点)→appointed adj.指定的，约定的→appointment n．约定，约会14.apology n．道歉→apologise v．道歉15.require vt.需要；要求，规定→requirement n．必要条件；要求16.differ vi.不一致，不同→different adj.不同的→difference n．不同；区别17.responsible adj.负责的，可靠的→responsibility n．负责，责任，职责1.Their most valuable (value) belongings were locked in a safe in the bedroom.2.The workers required that their pay should be raised and the manager met their requirement finally.(require)3.From the appearance, we cannot tell the difference between the twins, though they always have some different ideas.And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)4.Kelly wrote a letter to Karen to apologise for her calling her nickname, but Karen didn’t accept her apology.(apology)5.I made an appointment with my friend Tom yesterday and arrived at the appointed time.He told me that he was appointed to a remote village.(appoint)6.James is a responsible man and I believe he can take responsibility for the project.(responsible)7.The knot is tight enough, so you don’t need to tighten it any longer.(tight)8.Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment (assign) at the office of a popular English newspaper. 
⇩1.­ology结尾名词扫描①apology　道歉②biology  生物③technology  技术④ecology  生态学⑤psychology  心理学⑥archaeology  考古学⑦geology  地质学2.识记re­开头动词①require　需要②request  请求③react  回应④remark  评论⑤recommend  建议；推荐⑥relate  联系⑦recycle  回收利用3.聚焦app­开头的动词①appoint　约定②appeal  呼吁③apply  申请④applaud  鼓掌⑤appreciate  欣赏⑥approach  靠近⑦approve  赞成二、短语——写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.dream_of　梦想；梦见……2.pull_into  进站3.get_off  入睡；出发；从……下来4.after_all   毕竟，终究，究竟5.put_pressure_to  对……施压6.play_a_very_important_part  起着很重要的作用7.in_advance  提前8.as_a_rule  通常9.make_an_appointment_with_someone  与某人约会10.keep_...in_mind  记住11.in_jail  在狱中服刑1.Compared with her achievements, her shortcomings are, after_all,_only   secondary.2.Reading widely plays_a_very_important_part in learning English.3.If you want to have dinner at that restaurant, you’d better book the table in_advance.4.Passenger stand and stretch as the train pull_into the station.5.Get_off the bus after it came to a stop.Don’t get out until the bus stops.⇩1.“as＋a＋n.”短语速记①as a rule　　通常②as a result  结果③as a consequence  结果④as a whole  总的来说2.dream短语集释①dream of/about梦见②dream away  虚度③dream up  想出④dream a dream  做梦3.“prep.＋all”短语集会①after all　毕竟，终究②in all  总计，总共③at all  根本④above all  最重要的是     三、句式—— 背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Then, suddenly, all of the young people were up out of their seats, screaming and shouting and crying, doing small dances of joy.然后，突然所有的年轻人都从座位上跳了起来，吼叫着，欢快地跳起舞来。现在分词作伴随状语。他们站在那里，有说有笑，把作业的事忘得一干二净了。They stood there, talking_and_laughing,_forgetting_all_about_their_homework.2.No matter what is said in apology, there is little that can remove the damage done by an hour’s wait in an outer office.不管说什么话语来道歉都无法消除在外面的办公室等上一个小时所带来的伤害。no matter what引导让步状语从句。无论他作出什么决定我都会支持的。No_matter_what/Whatever_decision_he_made I would support it.   第一板块核心单词归纳集释1．require vt.需要；要求，规定[高考佳句]　However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.(2018·6月浙江高考)然而，生产这种耐用且能重复使用的购物袋需要更多的能源。(1)require sb.(not) to do sth.  要求/命令某人(不)做某事require that sb.(should) do sth. 要求/命令某人做某事require doing/to be done   需要(被)做It’s required that sb.should do ... 要求某人做……(2)requirement n.   必要条件；要求meet one’s requirements   满足某人的需要①All the students are required to_gather (gather) at the school gate at 7：00 am and then go to the park on foot.所有的学生都要在早上7点在校门口集合，然后步行去公园。②Firstly, I feel that I am competent to meet your requirements (require)．(2015·陕西高考满分作文)首先，我认为我能够满足你们的要求。③These trees are so young that they require looking/to_be_looked (look) after carefully.这些树太小了，它们需要细心照料。④The situation required that we (should)_make (make) an immediate decision.当时的情况要求我们立刻作出决定。2．differ vi.不一致，不同[教材原句]　The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.在世界上不同的区域，时间的概念不同。(1)differ from＝be different from  与……不同differ in＝be different in   在……方面不同differ with sb.about/on sth. 关于某事与某人意见不同(2)difference n.   不同；区别make a difference   有影响；有(重要)作用tell the difference between ...and ... 分辨……与……的不同①As we know, the two theories differ from each other in many ways.像我们知道的那样，这两种理论彼此间的不同是多方面的。②Only when we match our words with actions can we make_a_difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.只有我们言行一致我们才能对希望完成的事情有所影响。3．appoint v．约定，指定(时间、地点)；任命，委派  [高考佳句]　To help them better understand our tea­drinking culture, I was appointed to show them how to make tea.(2018·北京高考书面表达)为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我被委派向他们展示如何泡茶。(1)appoint sb.(to be/as) sth.　　 任命某人为……appoint sb.to do sth.   委派某人做某事(2)appointment n.   任命，委任；约会，约定make an appointment with ...   与……约会/约好have an appointment with sb.   和某人有约会①We have decided to appoint an agent to_handle (handle) our export trade with your country.我方已经决定委派一家代理商来经营我方与贵国的出口贸易。②Sam has_been_appointed_(as/to_be) manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.山姆已经被任命代替乔治担任工程部经理。③I have_an_appointment_with Dr Smith, but I need to change it.我与史密斯医生有约，但是我需要更改一下。 4．attach vt.连接；使依恋；认为有重要性；使附属；附上；系上；贴上[高考佳句]　Attached to this email is the training plan I have worked out for my team, which I hope you’ll read to see if it’s practical.(2018·天津高考书面表达)附在这个邮件中的是我为我的小组制订的训练计划，我希望你能读一下，看看它是否实用。(1)attach ...to ...　　 把……固定到/附在……上attach importance/significance/value to 认为……有重要性/意义/价值attach oneself to sb.   与某人在一起，缠着某人(2)attached adj.   依恋的；附加的(be) attached to   附属于；依恋①This hospital attached (attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.这家附属于附近那所医学院的医院被洪水冲毁了。②Many of us teenagers attach_much_more_importance_to our phones than to our friends.我们很多青少年认为手机要比朋友重要得多。③Attach_a_recent_photo_to your application form before handing it in.上交申请表前，请贴一张近照。Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1．A teacher can’t stand being_cheated (cheat) by his students.2．Mike is responsible for designing the entire project.3．The actress demanded an apology (apologise) from the newspaper for an untrue report about her personal life.4．The rope holding the boat suddenly tightened_and_broke (绷断了)．5．These are valuable_things (宝贵的东西) you can’t buy from any book shops.Ⅱ.重难点多练1．require多棱镜(1)单句语法填空①Our goal is to satisfy every requirement (require) of our users.②You are required to_pay (pay) the money by next Saturday.(2)同义句改写③This wall requires repairing.(不定式作宾语)→This_wall_requires_to_be_repaired.④The situation required us to make an immediate decision.(require that)→The_situation_required_that_we_(should)_make_an_immediate_decision.2．appoint点点练(1)单句语法填空①I have made an appointment with her, so I must keep it.②Who will be appointed to_be (be) the chairmanship when Mr Bell leaves?③A committee was appointed to_consider (consider) the plans.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段The manager ④appointed_Xiao_Li_to_sign (委派小李去签署) an important contract with that company.Xiao Li ⑤made_an_appointment_with (与……约好) the secretary ahead of time.Everything went well.The manager was very satisfied with his performance.Later, Xiao Li ⑥was_appointed_(as/to_be) (被任命为) a more important post.3．differ万花筒(1)单句语法填空①Tomorrow’s world will be very different from the world of today.②English differs from Chinese in this aspect, so we must pay more attention to it.③Tom differs with Mike on the plan made yesterday.④It seems that living green is surprisingly easy and affordable.A small step makes a big difference.⑤Can you tell the difference (differ) between the words “require” and “request”？I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.  (2)一句多译英式英语和美式英语在很多方面有区别。⑥British English and American English differ_in_many_ways.(differ vi.)⑦British English differs_from American English in_many_ways.(differ vi.)⑧British English is_different_from  American English in_many_ways.(different adj.)⑨There_are_differences_between British English and American English in_many_ways.(difference n．)4．attach多棱镜(1)完成句子①The hospital is_attached_to (附属于) that university.②You attached_great_importance_to (非常重视) what that man said.(2)同义句改写He is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant (逃课)．③So_attached_to_the_network_games,_he_often_plays_truant. (过去分词短语作状语)④Attaching_himself_to_the_network_games_so_much,_he_often_plays_truant. (现在分词作状语)⑤So_attached_to_the_network_games_is_he_that_he_often_plays_truant. (倒装句)Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出stand 的词性和词义(A)vt.忍耐，忍受　　(B)vt.经受　　(C)n.看台(D)n.货摊           (E)n.立场1．The new material can stand very high pressure.__B__2．Hundreds of people were squeezed up against each other in one corner of the stand.__C__3．I can’t stand being laughed at in public.__A__4．His stand toward the matter has not changed.__E__5．Is there any way to use this old bus as a hot­dog stand？__D__第二板块短语句型归纳集释1．play a very important part起着很重要的作用[教材原句]　In social life, time plays a very important part.在社交生活中，时间起着非常重要的作用。play a ...part/role in ...　　　 在……中起……的作用play the leading role/part   担任主角①Friendship plays an important part in our daily life.友谊在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。②It is obvious that not every actor can play_the_leading_role/part.很显然，不是每个演员都可以担任主角。2．keep ...in mind记住[教材原句]　We will understand each other a little better if we can keep this fact in mind.如果我们能把这个事实记住，我们就会更好地理解彼此。bear ...in mind　　　　　　 记住……change one’s mind   改变主意bring/call ...to mind   (使)想起……make up one’s mind to do   下决心做……read one’s mind   猜透/读懂某人的心思never mind   不要紧；不用担心；没关系①Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind to_study (study) it in the university.由于您的鼓励，我在数学上不断取得进步，最终下决心在大学里学习它。②Always keep/bear_in_mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.(2015·湖南高考单选)时刻谨记你的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。③The new manager is so stubborn that nothing can make him change_his_mind.新经理太固执，没有什么可以让他改变主意。3．Then, suddenly, all of the young people were up out of their seats, screaming_and_shouting_and_crying,_doing_small_dances_of_joy.然后，突然所有的年轻人都从座位上跳了起来，吼叫着，欢快地跳起舞来。句中screaming and shouting and crying, doing small dances of joy为现在分词短语作伴随状语，现在分词短语作状语的情况主要有：(1)作伴随状语①Do you wake up every morning feeling (feel) energetic and ready to start a new day?你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？(2)作时间状语，有时可以转化为一个时间状语从句②Walking_in_the_street,_I saw him.→When/While I was walking in the street, I saw him.我在街上行走时，看到他了。(3)作原因状语③Not_knowing_his_phone_number,_I couldn’t get in touch with him.因为不知道他的电话号码，我无法和他取得联系。(4)作让步状语④Having_failed (fail) many times, he didn’t lose heart.虽然失败了很多次，但是他没有灰心。(5)作结果状语⑤The young boy and young girl have fallen in love with each other, making (make) a hot topic in the entertainment industry.年轻的男孩和女孩相爱了，这成了娱乐界的一个热门话题。(6)作方式状语⑥Holding_his_head_high,_he walked past the enemy.他高昂着头从敌人身边走过。(7)作条件状语⑦Adding (add) them all up, we can find the answer.如果把它们加起来，我们就可以得到答案。 Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空①Family education plays an important role in the growth of a child.②Some children don’t know why trains whistle before they pull into the stations.③As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t charge you for delivery.④He had finally accomplished his dream of/about becoming a pilot.⑤All of a sudden, he stood directly, representing (represent) his ideas to the people present at the meeting.2．运用所学短语完成片段My classmate Li Hua is a determined man.He ①attaches_great_importance_to_study (非常重视学习)．If he ②makes_up_his_mind (下定决心) to do something, nothing can ③change_his_mind (改变主意)．④As_a_rule (通常), he finishes his work ⑤in_advance (提前)．If he ⑥_makes_an_appointment_with_his_friends (和朋友约会), he will ⑦keep_it_in_mind (记住) and never break his promise.Ⅱ.重难点多练mind相关短语全扫描补全句子①Why don’t you make_up_your_mind (下决心) to act at once?  ②When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I have changed_my_mind (改变主意)．③Do bear/keep_in_mind (记住) that the mobile phone is no more than a tool.④I can’t seem to bring/call_to_mind (想起) the name of the place where we last met.⑤It seemed that the boy could read_my_mind (猜透我的心思), and quietly gave some newspapers to me.⑥Never_mind (没关系); next time I’m sure you can do better.  [单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．My patient didn’t turn up at the appointed time, that is, she broke an appointment.(appoint)2．The book you read can play a very important part in your job.3．Babies are not born with a moral sense.They cannot tell the difference (differ) between right and wrong.4．Being so busy with his experiment, how he dreams of there being (be) enough time for relaxation!5．We would like to offer our apologies (apologise) for the delay of your flight today.6．It is required that the new employees (should)_be_provided (provide) with safety training before they start to work.7．The middle school attached (attach) to Beijing Normal University is well­known across the country.8．She can’t stand having (have) nothing to do all day long.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Mr Fox fell ill, thus made it necessary for us to find another person for his job.made→making2．After the election Clint was appointed the mayor of the city.去掉第二个the3．The significance attaching to a national day is very different from country to country.attaching→attached4．No matter where happens, keep calm.where→what5．Though they differed from opinions on this matter at first, they finally reached an agreement.from→inⅢ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文As we all know, English plays_an_important_part (起着重要作用) in the world.It is considered as one of the most widely­used languages in the world.We attach_great_importance_to_it (非常重视英语)．British English and American English have a lot in common, but (so/but/or) they differ_in (在……方面不同) many aspects, which makes_a_great_difference (有很大的影响) when we speak English.So we must keep/bear_them_in_mind (记住它们)．①Last month we spent a lot of time studying the differences between them and hoped to have a good knowledge of the language.If you decide to learn English well, do not change_your_mind (改变主意)．After_all (毕竟), English will offer you a lot of help.②No matter what you do in the future, English is of great importance.(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)considered→regarded(2)offer→extend2．按要求改写句式(1)用现在分词(短语)作状语改写句① Last month we spent a lot of time studying the differences between them,  hoping_to_have_a_good_knowledge_of_the_language.(2)用whatever改写句②Whatever_you_do_in_the_future,_English_is_of_great_importance.