2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：选修7Unit2ManandManmadeDisasters

Unit 2　Man and Man­made Disasters



一、单词——
写 得 准
用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.fold vt.　包，折叠，交叉
　n. 褶层，褶痕
2.bear vt. 显示，具有；忍受
　n. 熊
3.beloved adj. 心爱的
n. 爱人
4.mystery n. 神秘(性)，奥秘，神秘的人(或事物)
5.reveal vi./vt. 显出，露出；揭示，透露
6.flee vi. 逃走，逃掉
　vt. 逃离，避开，逃避
7.entire adj.全部的，完全的→entirely adv.完全地
8.extreme adj.极度的，极端的n.极端，极限；过分→extremely adv.非常，极其
9.peace n．和平；安静→peaceful adj.平静的；和平的→peacefully adv.平静地；安宁地
10.fright n．惊吓；恐怖；怪人→frighten_vt.使惊恐，吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的→frightening adj.令人恐惧(害怕)的
11.sick adj.恶心的；有病的n.病人→sickness n．疾病；呕吐
12.erupt vi.(火山等)喷发，喷出；(战争等)爆发→eruption n. 喷发；爆发
13.think vt.认为；思考；想；打算→thought n．见解；思考(维)；思想→thoughtful adj.深思的，体贴的
14.history n．历史→historic adj.历史上著名的，有历史性的→historical adj.历史(上)的；与历史有关的
15.injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n．伤害，损害→injured adj.受伤的
16.joy n．欢乐，喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的，令人愉快的
1.While advertisements are of great help, I don’t think we should entirely (entire) rely on them.
2.If I had had insurance, the sickness (sick) wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.
3.When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely (extreme) difficult to let go of your hate.
4.Tsunami is a very large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption (erupt)．
5.A person who is able to sense others’ thoughts and respond accordingly is said to be thoughtful and understanding.(think)
6.The frightened look on her face suggested that she was frightened by the frightening scene.(fright)
7.Beijing is a historical city, which has many scenic spots and historic resorts.(history)
8.After years of fighting, the people there long for peace.They all want to live peacefully and happily.Before the war, they led a peaceful life in the countryside.(peace)
9.In the terrible crash of school bus, many children were injured,_and even some suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.The injured were rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)
⇩

1.“忍受”表达种种
①bear　　　　②stand
③endure ④tolerate
⑤put up with
2．“爱”之形容词小聚
①beloved 心爱的
②dear 亲爱的，尊敬的
③honey 亲爱的
④loving 深爱的，挚爱的
3.后缀­ly副词集合
①extremely非常，极其
②directly 直接地
③seriously 严重地
④exactly 确切地
⑤simply 简单地
⑥suddenly 突然地
⑦strictly 严格地
⑧highly 高度地
4.盘点“伤害”动词
①injure　(事故中)受伤
②hurt (身体、情感)受伤
③wound 战斗中负伤
④harm 伤害，损害
5．“全部的”形容词荟萃
①entire 全部的，完全的
②whole 全部的，整个的
③total 总共的，全部的
④complete 完全的，彻底的


二、短语——

写 得 准
用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)
1.die_from　　　　　死于……
2.fall_down 倒下
3.come_to_life 苏醒过来，开始有生气
4.with_the_purpose_of 为了……
5.care_for 深深地爱，非常喜欢；照顾，照料
6.believe_in 相信
7.throw_...into_... 把……抛入；投身于
8.pour_out (使)流出，(使)涌出；倾诉；倾吐
9.burst_out 突然喷出(发生)
10.as_time_goes_by 随着时间的推移
11.be_amazed_by 因……而感到惊奇
12.keep_coming_back 不停卷土重来；不停恢复(感觉)
13.from_that_day_on 从那天开始
14.get_out 出去；(秘密)泄露，传出
15.in_grace 优雅地，吸引人地
16.quite_a_few 相当多
17.soon_after 不久后
18.burst_through 推开，拨开，冲开
1.Soon after the new technology was brought in, the computer company came_to_life.
2.Our English teacher often tells us that we must care_for each other and help each other.
3.I took it for granted that he would believe_in us, but we were cheated by him.
4.Claire looked as if she was about to burst_out crying.
5.As_time_goes_by,_there are going to be big changes in our everyday lives in the future.
6.He went to the library with_the_purpose_of finding a book about guns.
7.He is so busy, and I am worried he is go to die_from working too much.
8.She sold the house soon_after her husband died.

⇩
1.“相信”短语一览
①believe in　　②trust in
③have faith in ④be convinced of
2.“v.＋from”短语小聚
①die from 死于……
②benefit from 从……中受益
③come from 来自
④escape from 从……逃跑
3.“v.＋for”短语大放送
①care for　 非常喜欢
②stand for 代表；象征
③vote for 投票支持
④go for 去参加
⑤make for 向……移动
⑥call for 要求；需要
⑦seek for 寻找；追求
⑧cater for 满足(需求)

三、句式——
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.The club members have been doing a lot of things to remind people of the meaning of Hiroshima, one of which is to fold cranes.
俱乐部的成员们一直在做着大量的工作以唤起人们对广岛的记忆和反思，其中一项就是折纸鹤。
“代词＋of＋which”引导定语从句。
人类为什么能哭出眼泪，关于这一点科学家们提出了很多理论，但没有一个得到证实。
(2016·浙江高考单选)
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none_of_which_has_been_proved.
2.At the foot of Mt.Vesuvius was the city of Pompeii.
在维苏威山的山脚下是庞贝城。
介词短语位于句首，句子需全部倒装。
一种我朋友给的红玫瑰花也包含在这些花中。
Among all these flowers is_included_a_kind_of_red_rose,_which was given by my friend.




第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害
[高考佳句]　A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.(2018·北京高考)
在我的第一次马拉松比赛前的一个月，我的一个脚踝受伤了，这意味着两个星期不能跑步，让我只剩下两星期的时间训练。
(1)injured adj.　　　　　　　　 受伤的
be/get injured 受伤
the injured 伤员
(2)injury n. 受伤，伤害
do/cause (an) injury to ... 对……造成伤害
①But now, because my left foot was_injured (injure) in the football game, I cannot go with you as planned.
但现在，由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了，我不能像计划的那样和你一起去。
②What the news reported did a great injury (injure) to her fame.
新闻上报道的事情严重损害了她的名誉。
2．bear vt.(bore, borne)显示，具有；忍受；忍耐；负担；生育；结果实；携带 n．熊
[高考佳句]　They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)
他们曾经受过严重伤害，不能容忍这种事情再次发生。
[一词多义]　写出下列句中bear的含义
①Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair？负担
②The pain was almost more than he could bear.忍受
③She did bear a healthy baby in hospital yesterday.生育
④He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)携带
(1)bear doing/to do sth.　　　　 能忍受做某事
bear sb./one’s doing sth. 能忍受某人做某事
(2)bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事
bear/keep in mind that ... 记住……
⑤I can’t bear young people casting (cast) away their youth.
我无法忍受年轻人虚掷青春。
⑥Please bear_in_mind:_Success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.
请牢记：成功源于勤奋，懒惰导致失败。
[名师指津]　(1)bear表示“容忍，忍耐”时多与can/could连用，且多用于否定句和疑问句中。
(2)bear的过去分词形式，作“生育，生产”讲时用borne；作“出生”或“出身”时用born。
3．frightening adj.令人恐惧(害怕)的；骇人的
[教材原句]　He saw a frightening sight.
他看到了一个令人害怕的景象。
(1)frighten vt.　　　　　　　　　 使惊恐，吓唬
frighten ...away/off 把……吓跑
frighten sb.into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
frighten sb.to death 把某人吓得要死
(2)frightened adj. 感到害怕的；受惊的
be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事
①The boy felt frightened when he saw the frightening creature in the garden.(frighten)
当那个男孩在公园里看到令人恐惧的生物时，他很惊恐。
②Don’t put your prices too high or you’ll frighten the customers off/away.
不要把价格提得太高，否则会把顾客吓跑的。
③Nothing can frighten him into losing his poise.
没有什么能把他吓得失去风度。
4．flee vi. (fled, fled)逃走，逃掉 vt.逃离，避开；逃避
[教材原句]　When the volcano first erupted, many people were able to flee the city and escape death.
当火山第一次爆发时，人们能够从这座城市逃生。
flee (from) ...　　　　　　 逃离/逃避……
flee to/into ... 逃至……
①The police told the reporter that the drunk driver would not flee from responsibility for the accident.
警察告诉记者酒驾司机无法逃避事故的责任。
②He was so afraid of his own safety that he fled to/into the United States with his wife and young daughter.
他非常担心自己的人身安全，携妻子及幼女逃到了美国。

Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．Most people protect themselves from the injury to their self­esteem, for they think if their self­esteem was injured greatly, they will feel injured.(injure)
2．I am sick of working for other people.
3．Many artists fled to/into America at the beginning of World War Ⅱ.
4．There was a time when I lived peacefully (peaceful) on the farm.
5．It is thought that he is a kind and thoughtful (think) young man.
6．The meeting between the two families was a joyful (joy) one.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．bear万花筒
(1)单句语法填空
①Mary has_borne six sons and the eldest son was_born in 1970.(bear)
②He can’t bear being_laughed/to_be_laughed (laugh) at.
③I can’t bear him treating/to_treat (treat) his parents like that.
(2)一句多译
那个妇女已生了两个孩子。
④The_woman_has_borne_two_children. (bear)
⑤The_woman_has_given_birth_to_two_children. (birth)
2．frightening多棱镜
(1)单句语法填空
①He frightened off/away the attacker by calling for the police.
②He frightened the old man into giving him all the money.
③When you were a child, were you frightened of the dark?
④On seeing the frightening scene, the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying.(frighten)
(2)补全句子
⑤你整夜不回家，把我吓得要死！
You frightened_me_to_death,_staying out all night!
⑥他们突然站起来把鸟吓跑了。
They frightened_the_bird_away/off by rising to their feet suddenly.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出fold的词性和词义
(A)vt.包　　　　　　　 (B)vt.折叠
(C)vt.交叉 (D)n.褶痕，褶层
1．He found some seeds folded in a little piece of paper.__A__
2．The border guard folded his arms across his chest and stared at the front.__C__
3．Bend back the card and cut along the fold.__D__
4．I folded the handkerchief and put it in my pocket.__B__
第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．be amazed by (at)因……感到惊奇
[教材原句]　Everyone was amazed by how brave and patient she was.
她是多么勇敢和有耐心，这令每个人都感到惊奇。
(1)amazing adj.　　　　 令人惊异的
It’s amazing that ... 令人惊讶的是……
(2)amaze vt. 使惊奇，使惊诧
It amazes sb.that ...＝What amazes sb.is that ...
使某人惊奇的是……
(3)amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊奇的
be amazed to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶
(4)amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕
to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
in amazement 惊愕地
①We were amazed to_learn (learn) that she had left the hospital D|S18 million.
得知她把1 800万美元留给了医院，我们感到很惊讶。
②They reacted with sighs of disappointment and stared at Hanna in_amazement.
他们都发出了失望的叹息，惊愕地盯着汉娜。
2．fall down倒下；掉下，落下；倒塌
[经典例句]　There’s nothing to be afraid of.The sky won’t fall down.
没有什么好怕的，天不会塌下来。
fall out　　　　　　　　　　 (牙齿或头发)掉落；脱落
fall off (从某物上)掉下；脱落
fall behind 落后
fall over 跌倒；倒下
fall in love with 爱上；喜欢上
①You shall fall behind in your exam if you keep playing.
如果你一直玩，你就会在考试中落后。
②Baby teeth do not last long; they fall_out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on.
乳牙不长久，它们会脱落，为后来更大的、更强壮的恒牙腾出空间。
3．At_the_foot_of_Mt.Vesuvius_was_the_city of Pompeii.
在维苏威山的山脚下是庞贝城。
本句结构为“介词短语＋系动词＋主语”的全部倒装句。
全部倒装的具体用法如下：
(1)表示方位、方式或地点、时间的副词或介词短语位于句首且主语是名词时。
①Into the dark apartment walked_David,_who was quite surprised when everyone shouted Happy Birthday.
大卫走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊生日快乐时，他感到很惊讶。
②Then came_the_hour we had been looking forward to.
我们一直盼望的时刻来了。
(2)作表语的形容词、分词等放到系动词前面且主语是名词时。
③Present at the evening party was_our_favorite_English_teacher.
我们最喜欢的英语老师出席了晚会。
(3)there be句型和there后接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等词的句式。
④There_appears_to_be_a_man in black in the distance.
远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。
(4)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时。
⑤Such_are_the_facts:_Ethiopia’s president studied in Peking University in 1977.
这些就是事实：埃塞俄比亚的总统1977年在北京大学学习过。

Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①In some western countries, demand for graduates from MBA courses has fallen down.
②Much to my amazement, she burst out crying the instant she read the letter.
③An 18­minute delay followed the incident, which led to a break in the running of other trains on the route.
④We sat there impatiently waiting for her to come to life.
⑤You must believe in the fact that you are the best in the sports field.
⑥What makes his wife worried is that he works hard, but he doesn’t care for his health.
⑦He went to town with the purpose of buying a new television.
⑧The princess shall grow in grace and beauty, beloved by all who know her.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
①Quite_a_few (相当多) students in class didn’t study hard last year.They ②fell_behind (落后) the other students at that time, but our headteacher ③believed_in (相信) them.He had a face­to­face talk with them.④Soon_after (不久以后), they all tried their best to work ⑤with_the_purpose_of (为了) catching up with the other students.Therefore, ⑥as_time_goes_by (随着时间的推移), they have made great progress so far.We ⑦are_amazed_at/by (因……感到惊奇) what they have achieved.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．be amazed by全掌握
(1)用amaze的适当形式填空
①Amazed (amaze), she stood and stared while the police arrested her husband.
②It was one of the most amazing films I’ve ever seen.
(2)补全句子
③I am_amazed_at/by (因……感到惊奇) the number of people who visited the Forbidden City on Tuesday.
④Much_to_my_amazement (令我惊讶的是), she should tear the letter into pieces.
⑤His sister stared at him in_amazement/amazingly (惊愕地) when he dressed like that.
(3)一句多译
让我惊讶的是，这位老人把他所有的钱都用来资助当地学校。
⑥What_amazed_me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amaze vt.)
⑦To_my_amazement,_the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amazement n．)
⑧It_amazed_me that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amaze vt.)
2．全部倒装点点练
补全句子
①门开了，史密斯先生进来了。
The door opened and in_came_Mr.Smith.
②两座楼之间有棵大树。
Between the two buildings stands_a_tall_tree.
③一个古老的村庄被埋在这片沙漠之中。
Buried in the sands is_an_ancient_village.





[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The frightening explosion frightened all the people present just now.(frighten)
2．I can hardly get interested in anything about music, so I don’t care for jazz.
3．Dog owners should be responsible if their pets do an injury (injure) to other people or cause damage to their property.
4．I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.
5．Were (be) there no water on the earth, there would be no life.
6．Hanging (hang) on the wall are two paintings by Qi Baishi.
7．We were amazed to_find (find) that he had left without saying goodbye.
8．A tree fell down on the road, which choked off traffic.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There stand an old tree on the top of the hill.stand→stands
2．The children, all of which had played the whole day long, were worn out.which→whom
3．I was amazing to see how readily I understood.amazing→amazed
4．The little girl was so frightening that she burst out crying.frightening→frightened
5．Try although I might, I couldn’t lift the stone.although→though/as
6．We should always bear in mind many traffic accidents arise from drunk driving.mind后加that
7．I don’t know what it was in the novel that made him burst out tears.out→into或tears→crying
8．Books were piled on the top of one another.去掉the
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
My friend Tom and I saw a terrible car accident when we were walking on the road.①An old lady just lay in front of a car all covered with blood.②Two young boys lay on the roadside, and both of them were severely injured.He cried suddenly when my friend Tom saw the scene.Fortunately, an ambulance arrived in time.The doctors and the nurses burst_through (推开) the crowd and lifted the injured onto the ambulance.However (However/Therefore/And), the car driver should run away from the spot with_the_purpose_of (为了……) getting away with it.I believed that the police were sure to catch the guilty driver.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)cried suddenly→burst_into_tears/burst_out_crying
(2)run away from→flee
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用倒装句改写句①
Just_in_front_of_a_car_lay_an_old_lady_all_covered_with_blood.
(2)用非限制性定语从句改写句②
Two_young_boys_lay_on_the_roadside,_both_of_whom_were_severely_injured.