2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：选修8Unit2NonverbalCommunication

Unit 2　Non­verbal Communication  一、单词——写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.function vi.　运作；运行，起作用2.opposite n.  相反的事物3.maintain vt.  保持，继续4.gesture n.  手势，姿势5.position vt.  安置，定位n.  位置，职位，立场6.contact n.  接触，联系v.  使接触，联系7.assume vt.  (想当然的)认为；假定，设想8.mark vt.  做标记于；标志9.include vt.  包括，包含10.occasion n．时刻；机会；场合→occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然地；不时地→occasional adj.偶然的；偶尔的11.consume vt.消耗；吃完，喝光→consumption n．消费，消耗12.behave vi.表现；运转vt.自我检点→behaviour n．行为，举止，品行13.depend vi.依赖，依靠，取决于→dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的，从属的 n．受援助者→independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立14.threatening adj.胁迫的，危险的→threaten vt.威胁，恐吓→threat n．威胁，恐吓，恐怖15.embarrassingly adv.尴尬地，令人为难地→embarrassing adj.尴尬的，令人为难的→embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬，使为难→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的；窘迫的→embarrassment n．尴尬，难堪，窘迫16.origin n．起源，来源→original adj.原始的，最初的，有独创性的，原作的 n．原作，真迹→originally adv.最初；原先17.caution n．谨慎，小心→cautious adj.谨慎的，小心的→cautiously adv.谨慎地，小心地1.We live in an independent country so we must depend on ourselves; liberty and independence are our state principle forever.(depend)2.No doubt the parents or the teacher has no right to dominate or to restrict the students’ behaviour (behave)．3.With living level being improved, great changes have taken place in the consumption (consume) structure of urban residents.4.The question really embarrassed him.In other words, the embarrassing question made him embarrassed.(embarrass)5.My mother is cautious about knife.So she often asks us to take caution and every time she finishes using it, she often puts it away cautiously.(caution) 6.Since most of the visitors don’t know the origin of the original game, they want the local minority to tell them where it is  originally from.(origin)7.George received a threatening letter last week, in which a man threatened to kill him.(threaten)8.We are both very busy so we only see each other very occasionally.He pays me occasional visits in his spare time and we try to use the occasion to express our love.(occasion)⇩1.聚焦­ure结尾名词①gesture　 姿势②pleasure  快乐③failure  失败④exposure  暴露⑤mixture  混合⑥agriculture  农业；农学2．function同义词荟萃①work  工作；起作用②act　　起作用；见效③run  运行；运转④operate  工作；运转3．“联系”动词大集合①contact  联系；接触②relate  联系；使相关③connect  连接；联系④link  联系；连接⑤associate  使有联系4.盘点­ing结尾形容词①threatening　 胁迫的②embarrassing  尴尬的③amazing  吃惊的④thrilling  惊险的⑤amusing  引起乐趣的⑥entertaining  有趣的⑦delighting  高兴的⑧frightening  害怕的二、短语——写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.turn_...away　回绝，把……打发走2.pick_up  获得；拾起；(无意中)学会3.make_sense  有意义；讲得通4.make_up  组成；弥补；编造5.bump_into_someone  撞上某人；巧遇6.in_other_words  换句话说7.in_contrast  相反8.belong_to  属于9.a_bit_of  少量10.find_out  获知(某事情)；查明11.keep_records  作记录12.known_as  被称为，公认为13.open_up  打开；开业；生产1.He found his first job.In_other_words,_he needn’t depend on his father any more.2.Everyday’s sunshine will remind me of that merry period belonging_to you and me.3.They are trying to find_out whether there is something wrong with the machine.4.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make_sense.5.I bumped_into an old friend of mine in the street yesterday.6.After all the delays, we were anxious to make_up for lost time.     ⇩1.sense短语小结①make sense　　　有意义；讲得通②make sense of  弄懂；明白③sense of humor  幽默感④sense of responsibility  责任感⑤in a sense  在某种意义上2.“巧遇”短语荟萃①bump into　　巧遇②come across  偶遇③meet with  偶然遇见④run into  偶然遇见⑤meet by chance  偶然见面⑥happen to meet  偶然遇见三、句式——背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.But the size of a person’s “comfort zone” varies, depending on his cultural or ethnic origin.但一个人的“舒适地带”大小不同，这取决于他的文化或种族起源。现在分词短语作状语。母亲忙到深夜，为我准备上大学的东西。Mother worked late into the night, preparing_things_for_my_college.2.Whereas some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening, Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty.虽然一些文化把目光的直接接触看作不礼貌的或者有威胁性的，但美国人却把它视为真诚和诚实的标志。whereas“然而，但是，虽然，尽管”，表示对比。他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。He thought I was lying to him, in fact, whereas_I_was_telling_the_truth.   第一板块核心单词归纳集释1．embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难[经典例句]　When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father.在我成长的过程中，我一直羞于让别人看见自己和父亲在一起。 (1)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth. 做某事使人窘迫(2)embarrassed adj.   尴尬的；窘迫的be embarrassed at/about   (对……)感到为难/尴尬embarrassing adj.   令人为难的，尴尬的(3)embarrassment n.   窘迫；难堪；尴尬to one’s embarrassment   让某人感到不好意思①It embarrassed me to_meet (meet) the young man again, for I misunderstood him.再次见到这个年轻人让我感到尴尬，因为我误会了他。②Much to_her_embarrassment,_she realized that everyone was staring at her.当她意识到大家都盯着她看时，她感到很不好意思。③I was in the embarrassing (embarrass) position of having completely forgotten her name.当时我完全忘记了她的名字，很是尴尬。2．opposite n．相反的事物 prep.在……对面 adj.相反的；相对的 adv.在对面[教材原句]　When Americans make the same gesture, it means just the opposite.当美国人做这个姿势的时候，它的意思恰恰相反。(1)be opposite to　　　　　　 与……相反just the opposite   恰恰相反(2)oppose vt.   反对；反抗；与(某人)较量①The senior students are strongly opposed to being_treated (treat) unfairly by others.高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。②Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite (oppose)．良好的习惯总是产生较高的效率，而坏的习惯则相反。[形象记忆][扮靓写作]　例句①的其他表达方式①The senior students strongly objected to being treated unfairly by others.②The senior students are strongly against being treated unfairly by others.3．position vt.安置，定位n.位置，职位，立场[高考佳句]　One unchanging aspect of a British person’s class position is accent.(2015·广东高考)英国人的阶级地位不变的一个方面是口音。 in a ...position　  处于……的地位/处境in/out of position   在/不在适当的位置be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事hold the position of ...　 担任……的职务take a position   就职①When I know all the facts, I’ll be in a position to advise you.在我了解所有的事实之后，我就能给你提出建议了。②I am looking for a position where my research and writing skills can be made good use of.我正在找一份能充分利用我的研究和写作才能的工作。[名师指津]　当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，关系词应用where。4．occasion n．时刻；场合；机会[经典例句]　It should have been an occasion for rejoicing, but she could not feel any real joy.原本应该是高兴的时刻，她却丝毫未感到快乐。(1)a special occasion　　　 一个特殊的场合/时刻on this/that occasion   此时/彼时(2)occasional adj.   偶尔的；偶然的(3)occasionally adv.＝on occasion(s)　 偶尔；偶然地①It is also said that on_occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron’s Pool.还据说，拜伦有时借着月光在这个湖里裸泳，现在这个湖被称为拜伦湖。②I’ve been writing this report occasionally (occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.这两个星期以来我偶尔写写这个报告，但明天必须上交。③Her wedding was quite an occasion when the grand hall was crowded with her family, relatives and friends.她的婚礼很隆重，当时大厅里挤满了她的家人和亲朋好友。[名师指津]　(1)occasion表示时间，意为“时机，时刻”。作为定语从句的先行词时，若引导词在从句中充当时间状语，则应用when。(2)occasion表示地点，意为“场合”，作为定语从句的先行词时，若引导词在从句中充当地点状语，则用where。Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)1．I found an old paper marked (mark) with the name and date.2．Doctors are understandably cautious  (caution)about this new treatment.3．His embarrassing questions made me embarrassed greatly.I felt my face burning with embarrassment.(embarrass)4．This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously.5．The box contains a number of letters, including those from his admirers and of course her letters included as well.(include)6．You’d never know they’re sisters — they are completely opposite to each other in every way.Ⅱ.重难点多练position点点练(1)选词填空：position, state, condition, situation①Their living conditions were terrible.②The situation is fine at home and abroad.③I would like to apply for the position of Sales Director.④At the moment, that area was in a state of war.(2)补全句子⑤这使他和同事们处于困难的境地。This put him and his colleagues in_a_difficult_position.⑥他已经到达了一个对别人来说很难的位置。He has reached a position where_it_is_difficult_for_others.⑦有只杯子位置不对，把它放回适当的位置。One of the cups is out_of_position.Put it back in_position.⑧迪娜在经过数月努力一直找一份服务员的工作，终于在当地的一家广告代理机构就职了。Dina, having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took_a_position at a local advertising agency.Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出opposite的词性和词义(A)prep.在……对面　　　 (B)adj.对面的(C)n.相反的事物   (D)adv.在对面1．Getting into the train, the man found himself sitting opposite an old woman.__A__2．In theory, relaxation is the opposite of stress.__C__3．He cried to his friend on the opposite side of the street.__B__4．There’s a newly married couple living opposite.__D__    第二板块短语句型归纳集释1．in other words换句话说[教材原句]　In other words, they like to keep each other “at arm’s length”．换句话说，他们喜欢彼此间保持“一臂之长”的距离。in a/one word　　　　　　 总之；简言之Word came that ...   有消息传来……beyond words   难以言表have words with sb.   与某人吵架word for word   逐字逐句地in word   口头上have a word with sb.   与某人交谈keep/break one’s word   遵守诺言/违背诺言①I soon found that the work I was doing had already been done by someone else.In_other_words,_I was wasting my time.我很快就发现，我正在做的工作已经被别人做完了，换句话说，我是在浪费时间。②Early in the morning word_came_that Mr.Black had been elected president of the company.一大早，就有消息说布莱克先生已经当选为公司的董事长。[名师指津]　keep/break one’s word中的word不能用复数形式。2．in contrast(＝by contrast)相反 [高考佳句]　Most people work because it’s unavoidable.By/In contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.(2015·浙江高考单选)大多数人工作是因为工作是不可避免的。相反，有些人的确很喜欢工作。contrast with　　　　　 和……比起来；和……形成对照by/in contrast with/to   和……形成对比①The yellow curtains contrast with the blue bedcover.黄色窗帘与蓝色床罩形成鲜明的对照。②It seems quite warm today by/in contrast with/to yesterday’s icy wind.与昨天凛冽的寒风相比，今天看起来相当暖和。3．Whereas some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening, Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty.虽然一些文化把目光的直接接触看作不礼貌的或者有威胁性的，但美国人却把它视为真诚和诚实的标志。句中whereas意为“然而，但是，尽管，虽然”，用以比较或对比两个事实，相当于while。①Whereas/While the city spent a large sum of money on its stadiums and museums, it failed to look after its schools.虽然这个城市花费大量的钱建体育馆和博物馆，但是它却忽略了校园建设。②Some people like coffee, whereas/while_others_like_tea.有人喜欢咖啡，然而也有人喜欢茶。Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空①It doesn’t make sense to me why you did it like that.②Word came that she would go to support the education cause in rural China.③The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making (make) air conditioning unnecessary.(2016·天津高考单选)④British actors did well at the award ceremony, but the evening belonged (belong) to the Americans.⑤You earn 10,000 dollars per week whereas/while I only 2,000.⑥In/by contrast to what some might hope, students rarely finish their homework exclaiming that they had great fun.2．运用所学短语完成片段My brother and I have lived in Japan for several years.My brother has ①picked_up (学会) Japanese.②In_other_words (换句话说), he has mastered it.He can communicate with the local people and ③make_up (编造) some funny Japanese jokes.④By/In_contrast (相反), I do much worse.⑤In_a/one_word (总之), I admire him very much.Ⅱ.重难点多练word相关短语全接触(1)补全句子①He is buried in writing his novel; in_other_words (换句话说), he can’t spare us even a minute to take a trip.②Word_came_that (有消息说) a destructive explosion broke out in Tianjin.③You can rely on him because he always keeps_his_word (遵守诺言)．④In_a/one_word (总之), my life will be much richer and more colorful.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段老板对工程师吼道：“不要逐字逐句地读报告，我知道你擅长口头上表达自己，但我不想再听你吹牛了。换句话说，你不应该只是口头上许诺我，而是让我看到你的行动。总之，你必须遵守诺言，否则我将解雇你。”The boss shouted at his engineer: “Don’t read the report ⑤word_for_word.I know you are good at expressing yourself ⑥in_word,_but I  want to listen to your big words no more.⑦In_other_words,_you should not only promise me in word, but show me your action.⑧In_a/one_word,_you must ⑨keep_your_word,_or I’ll let you go.”  [单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It’s a dangerous chemical, so you should deal with it with caution.2．He opposed building (build) a new building in this area, for there are some rare plants near here.3．Jim is always late; you cannot depend on him to_come (come) on time.4．After the shelves were in position we realised we’d forgotten to paint them.5．As far as I’m concerned, these new chances belong to the younger generation.6．Anyone who comes to us will not be turned away.7．The little girl is walking along the beach, happy and joyful, occasionally (occasion) bending down to pick up a beautiful seashell.8．Jack should lie to me; I have always assumed him to_be (be) an honest man.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Overseas Chinese are particularly sought out for positions which a high degree or leadership is required.which→where2．The manager, made it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.made→making3．People are supposed to shake hands in formal occasions where they meet for the first time.where→when4．Words came that Mr President would come and inspect our school himself.Words→Word5．Sometimes we find that face to face communication will perhaps make us embarrassing.embarrassing→embarrassedⅢ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文Xiao Hua and I have kept friendly relations for many years.In_other_words (换句话说), we have been good friends for many years.Last year his family moved to England,  so (but/so/however) we often had_a_word_with (交谈) each other on the phone.We all think that the brighter future is owned by us, so we should make full preparations for it.①Unfortunately, his parents died in a terrible accident, which left him an orphan.I felt sympathy for him.②He lost his parents, but he is optimistic about the future.In_a/one_word (总之), I’m proud of him. (二)按要求将词汇句式升级1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)kept→maintained_(2)is owned by→belongs__to2．按要求改写句式(1)用现在分词作结果状语改写句①Unfortunately,_his_parents_died_in_a_terrible_accident,_leaving_him_an_orphan.(2)用whereas改写句②Whereas_he_lost_his_parents,_he_is_optimistic_about_the_future.