2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：选修8Unit4ManofVirtue
展开Unit 4 Man of Virtue 一、单词—— 写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.debate n．/vt.辩论，争论2.keen adj. 敏锐的3.occasional adj. 偶尔的，间或发生的4.appreciative adj. 有鉴赏力的，感激的5.delight vt.(使)高兴，(使)欣喜 n．高兴→delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的 →delightful adj.令人高兴的6.skate vi.溜冰，滑冰→skater n．溜冰者7.cultivate vt.培养；教养→cultivation n．培养；教养8.laugh vi.笑n.笑，笑声→laughter n．笑，笑声9.certain adj.确定的，肯定的，特定的→certainty n．确定，确实的事情→uncertainty n．不确定，不可靠10.convenient adj.便利的，方便的→ inconvenient adj.不方便的，有困难的→convenience n．便利，舒适，适宜11.pitiless adj.无情的→pitiful adj.慈悲的，可怜的，凄惨的→pity n．同情，怜悯；遗憾vt.同情，怜悯12.angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地→angry adj.发怒的，愤怒的，生气的→anger n．怒，愤怒vt.使发怒，激怒13.explore vt.勘探，勘查，探测；仔细查阅，探索，探究→exploration n．探险，探测1.It took the exploration (explore) team one month to get through the desert.2.Playing chess can cultivate (cultivation) one’s patience and perseverance.3.Whenever I think of this joke, I cannot help but burst into laughter (laugh)．4.To my delight, the company was very appreciative (appreciate) of my efforts.5.“It is certain that everyone will succeed in the end，” he said with certainty.(certain)6.You’ll find these meals quick and convenient to prepare.We provide these meals for the convenience of the customers.(convenient)7.Look at the skater on the ice! How quickly she is skating.(skate)8.Don’t be pitiful to the people who are pitiless.(pity)9.She said angrily,_“You have made your father very angry.You must beg his pardon.”(anger)10.He takes great delight in proving others wrong.When he did it, he felt delighted.But I don’t think what he does is delightful.(delight)⇩1.“高兴”名词一览①delight高兴，喜悦②happiness 高兴，幸福③joy 快乐，高兴④pleasure快乐，愉快⑤gladness欢乐，高兴2.al结尾形容词荟萃①occasional 偶尔的②individual 个人的③additional 额外的④emotional 情感的⑤typical 典型的⑥fundamental基本的3.聚焦er结尾不指人名词①laughter 笑声②washer 洗衣机③cooker 炊具④opener 起子⑤recorder 录音机⑥loudspeaker扬声器4.盘点in前缀形容词①inconvenient 不方便的②incomplete 不完整的③independent独立的④informal 非正式的⑤incorrect 不正确的二、短语——写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.make_up_one’s_mind下定决心，打定主意2.set_up 创立，建立3.have_fun 玩得开心4.be_regarded_as 被视为5.be_divided_into 被分为6.pass_away 去世7.fix_one’s_attention_on 集中注意力于……8.as_usual 像往常一样9.pull_out 拔(抽，取)出；(车等)驶出10.turn_up 出现11.make_one’s_fortune 谋生12.be_under_arrest 被捕13.now_and_then 偶尔14.ought_to 应该1.The school has set_up a special class to help poor readers.2.He said he’d come to help me, but he let me down.He never turned_up.3.When he was in high school, he made_up_his_mind to apply for membership in the Party.4.As everybody knows, kangaroos are native to Australia and are_regarded_as one of Australia’s national treasures.5.You should pull_out this tooth.I’m afraid this tooth will have to be taken out.6.Such things ought_not_to be allowed. ⇩1.“be＋过去分词＋into”短语扫描①be divided into 被分为②be admitted into 被录取到③be translated into 被译成④be made into 被制成⑤be transformed into 被转变成2.pass短语归纳①pass away去世②pass by 从旁边经过③pass down 传下来④pass on 传递；继续⑤pass out 昏过去 三、句式——背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Nevertheless, Disney decided to build his park in California and went on with his plans for a clean, safe park, which he decided to call Disneyland.然而，迪斯尼决定在加利福尼亚建一个公园并继续为建干净、安全的公园而筹划，他决定把这个公园叫作迪斯尼乐园。which引导非限制性定语从句。她说她已经完成了工作，我对此深感怀疑。She said she had finished her work, which_I_doubted_very_much.2.I might write pages on the importance of learning very early in life to gain that point where a young boy can stand erect, and refuse doing an unworthy act because it is unworthy.我可以写上好几页谈谈早年生活中培养这一点的重要性。一个少年要有骨气拒绝做那些不值得做因而也不应该做的事情。where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词point。无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处在同一起跑线的领域。(2018·江苏高考单选)Self-driving is an area where_China_and_the_rest_of_the_world are on the same starting line. 第一板块核心单词归纳集释1．delight vt.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜n.高兴；喜悦；快乐[教材原句] When he made the lovable Mickey Mouse talk on the movie screen, audiences were delighted.当他使可爱的米老鼠在银幕上说话的时候，观众们很高兴。 (1)delight sb.with sth. 某物娱乐某人delight in ……为乐(2)have/find/take delight in ... 兴……；以……为乐to one’s delight/to the delight of sb. 令某人高兴的是with/in delight 兴地；乐意地(3)delighted adj. 兴的；愉快的be delighted at/with/by sth. 某事高兴be delighted to do sth. 高兴做某事be delighted that ... 高兴……①To_my_delight/To_the_delight_of_me,_I made gradual progress.令我高兴的是，我渐渐地进步了。②He was very delighted at/with/by the news that he won the first prize in the competition.获得了此次比赛一等奖的消息令他很高兴。③I am very delighted to_tell (tell) you something about the College Entrance Examination.我非常高兴告诉你有关高考的事情。2．certain adj.确定的，肯定的，特定的，无疑的[教材原句] According to Disney, these newer animal characters were created because there were certain things Mickey could not do.按照迪斯尼的说法，创造这些新的动物角色是因为有些特定的事情米奇不能做。be/make certain/sure of ... 保/弄清楚……make certain that ... 清楚It is certain that ... …是肯定的for certain/sure 实，肯定，无疑①His parents are_certain_of his being admitted into Hong Kong University.他的父母确信他会被香港大学录取。②I can’t say for_certain/sure when he will arrive.我说不准他什么时候会来。[名师指津] 当主语为人时，表语用certain或sure皆可；但如果用it作形式主语时，表语只能用certain。3．debate n．/vt./vi.辩论，争论，讨论[经典例句] Politicians will be debating the bill later this week.政客们将在本周晚些时候讨论这个议案。(1)have a debate with sb.about sth. 某人就某事争论beyond debate 可争辩under debate 在讨论中(2)debate on/about ... ……辩论debate with sb.about sth. 某人就某事辩论debate＋wh从句 论……①They’re debating on/about whether the university campus should be open to tourists.他们正在就大学校园是否应该对游客开放进行辩论。②He had a debate with our maths teacher about the solution to the problem.他和我们的数学老师争辩这个问题的解法。Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)1．It is certain that he has passed the examination, and I am sure I will pass it too.2．We hope you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.3．—Did you know the concert was cancelled?—Oh, no, what a pity!4．Occasionally (occasional) Alice would look up from her books and then went on reading.5．The proposal whether the sports activity should be cancelled is still under debate.Ⅱ.重难点多练delight点点练(1)单句语法填空①When the little girl saw the toys, she clapped her hands with/in delight.②No wonder he got a good report.He took great delight in studying.③I shall be delighted to_show (show) you around our school.④We were delighted (delight) at the opportunity to spend some time in that country.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段Much ⑤to_my_delight (让我高兴的是), my son ⑥delights_in/takes_delight_in (以……为乐) learning English.He ⑦is_delighted_to_listen (乐意听) to English songs and sing after the tape again and again.Yesterday he came home ⑧with/in_delight (高兴地) and told me the good news that he won the first place in an English competition.I felt proud of him.Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出pity的词性和词义An.同情，怜悯 Bn.遗憾 Cvt.同情，怜悯1．It’s a pity that I missed the end of the film.__B__2．We took pity on the homeless girl and took her into our house.__A__3．I pity anyone who has to feed a family on such a low income.__C__第二板块短语句型归纳集释1．have fun玩得开心，过得愉快[经典例句] Have fun while you can.The hard times is just around the corner.趁能玩的时候好好玩玩吧。辛苦的时候不久就会到来。 have fun doing sth. 受做某事的乐趣make fun of sb. 笑某人with great fun 极大的乐趣for fun 了好玩；闹着玩①Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making (make) and flying kites.乔纳森认为，没有必要通过制作一个巨大的、令人印象深刻的风筝来享受做风筝和放风筝的乐趣。②People make_fun_of her because she is wearing such a strange hat.人们取笑她是因为她戴着一顶奇怪的帽子。2．turn up出现；露面；被找到；开大(音量)；向上翻 [经典例句] Eventually my watch turned up in a coat pocket.最终我的手表在一件大衣的口袋里找到了。[一词多义] 写出下列句中turn up的含义①Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.(2015·湖北高考多选)出现②I can’t hear the music.Please turn up the radio.开大(音量)③I’m sure your pen will turn up one of these days.被找到④He turned up his coat collar against the cold wind.向上翻turn on 开；依靠turn down 小(音量)；拒绝turn off 掉turn out 明是；结果是turn in 交turn to 助于turn over 身；翻转turn away 过脸去；不准入内⑤I’m not going to turn_down an invitation to go to New York!我不会拒绝去纽约的邀请。⑥I was taken in by the salesman — the car turned_out to be uneconomical and unreliable.我被推销员欺骗了——那辆汽车被证明既不经济又不牢靠。3．I might write pages on the importance of learning very early in life to gain that point_where a young boy can stand erect, and refuse doing an unworthy act because it is unworthy.我可以写上好几页谈谈早年生活中培养这一点的重要性。一个少年要有骨气拒绝做那些不值得做因而也不应该做的事情。(1)本句中的where引导定语从句，先行词为point(表示抽象地点)，where在此相当于in which。(2)常见的表示“抽象地点”的名词有activity, case, culture, family, job, life, point, position, race, situation, story等。这类名词充当先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语时，关系词要用where或“相应介词＋which”。①It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。②Do you find yourself in the situation where you often want to tell the secret?你经常发现自己遇到想说出秘密的情况吗？③Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.那些失聪的成功的舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种视觉胜过听觉的活动。Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空①Greatly inspired, the students made up their minds (mind) to carry on the experiment.②My brother and I had great fun running (run) up and down the tall, shaky steps.③Her loving husband didn’t know that she had passed away.④After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life.⑤Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales.⑥The water and soil preservation project was set up in 1989.2．运用所学短语完成片段①To_my_delight (令我高兴的是), Jack ②has_made_up_his_mind (已下定决心) to study hard.He will ③turn_in (上交) his homework in time and catch up with his classmates.I ④am_certain_that (肯定) he will keep his promise.He told me that he would go to the Disneyland which was ⑤set_up (建立) last year over the phone this morning.I think that he will ⑥have_fun (玩得快乐) with his friends there.Ⅱ.重难点多练turn相关短语多棱镜(1)介、副词填空①He asked Jane to marry him but she turned him down.②The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned away.③You must turn in your pass when you leave the building.(2)用turn的相关短语完成片段This morning, my grandmother ④turned_on the radio to listen to news as usual.She felt she could not hear clearly.So she ⑤turned_up the radio.But it was no use.She had to ⑥turn_to my father for help.I saw my father ⑦turned_off the radio and ⑧turned_over the radio to see what was wrong.It ⑨turned_out that the button did not work any more.My father repaired it and told my grandmother to ⑩turn_down the radio, for the neighbor’s little baby was asleep at the time. [单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．He oughtn’t to_have (have) been driving so fast.2．“Pay me the money for my work, or I’ll beat you flat”， he shouted angrily (angry) at the boss.3．He dreams of setting up his own company one day.4．They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.5．Whether we should adopt his suggestion is currently still under debate.6．He stood there, his attention fixed (fix) on the notice on the wall.7．I am delighted at/with/by your newspaper’s decision to start a campaign for protecting the environment.8．Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply at your earliest convenience (convenient)．Ⅱ.单句改错1．There are cases which the word “mighty” is used as an adverb.which→where2．It was the most delighted garden I had ever seen.delighted→delightful3．The text is too difficult.The explanation of our teacher will help make it easy understand.understand前加to4．She often feels discouraged, that has a very bad effect on her study.that→which5．In many people’s opinion, the camel is uncomfortable to ride.ride后加on6．You’re sure to have a fun at the party tonight.去掉aⅢ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文Xiao Ming is one of my best friends.If he tells you that he will help you, you can depend on it that he will appear and offer help in time, because (but/so/because) he is a reliable man.In addition, he is very kind.①Unfortunately, his grandpa passed_away (去世) last year and he was in deep sorrow for a long time.②After class, we have a variety of activities, and we can build up our friendship and characters in these activities.We go out to have a picnic now_and_then (偶尔) in our spare time and we are always enjoying ourselves with our friends.(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)appear→turn_up(2)enjoying ourselves→having_fun_2．按要求改写句式(1)用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句①Unfortunately,_his_grandpa__passed_away_last_year,_which_made_him__in_deep_sorrow_for_a_long_time.(2)用where引导定语从句改写句②After_class,_we_have_a_variety_of_activities_where_we_can_build_up_our_friendship_and_characters.
