2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：必修4Unit3Plants
展开Unit 3 Plants
一、单词——
写 得 准 | 用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空) |
1.slim adj. 纤细的，苗条的 2.ankle n. 脚踝 3.cool vi./vt. 冷却；(使)变冷 4.shoot n. 竹笋 5.pipe n. 管，导管；烟斗 6.defeat vt. 击败，战胜 7.figure vt. 描绘；象征 n. 数字；人物 8.float vi./vt. 浮动，飘浮，散播 9.trap n. 陷阱 10.unable adj. 不会的；无能力的；不能胜任的 11.lovely adj.可爱的；迷人的→loveliness n．美丽；迷人 12.dust n．尘土；灰尘→dusty adj.满是灰尘的，灰尘覆盖的 13.hanging adj.悬垂的，垂下的→hang vi./vt.悬挂；绞死 14.growth n．生长物；成长→grow vi./vt.生长，种植 15.juicy adj.多汁的，多水分的→juice n．果汁；肉汁 16.sticky adj.粘的，粘性的→stick vi./vt.粘贴 17.drown vi./vt.淹死，沉没→drowning adj.溺水的→drowned adj.淹死的 | 1.There is too much dust on the village road.Moreover, the dusty road made the travelers dusty too.(dust) 2.The young man rushed for the drowning little girl, but before he reached her, she was drowned.(drown) 3.Cold and dry weather holds back the growth of the bamboo, for it usually grows well where it’s hot and wet.(grow) 4.As is known to all, nature is lovely in spring.The loveliness of spring is appreciated and praised by many poets.(lovely) 5.Although the hero was hanged by the previous king 100 years ago, now his pictures are hanging in many libraries all over the world.(hang) 6.There are some fresh juicy oranges.I will squeeze some juice from them to treat you.(juice) 7.Jerry wanted to stick a stamp to the envelope, but the glue (胶水) is not sticky.(stick) |
⇩
| |||
|
二、短语——
写 得 准 | 用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空) |
1.in_all 总共 2.come_up 成长，生长 3.do_with 处理，利用 4.cut_down 砍倒 5.at_the_same_time 同时 6.(be)_made_of_... 由……制成 7.put_...into_... 使……进入……；把……放入…… 8.take_out 拿出，取出，去掉 9.be_made_into 做成 10.get_ready_to 准备好做…… 11.fly_away 飞走，飞开 12.float_off (搁浅的船等)浮起 13.a_great_deal_of_... 大量…… 14.a_great_many 很多 15.hang_up 把……挂起来；挂断电话 16.hear_of 听说 | 1.Don’t have any more to_do_with him, he’s trying to make a fool of you. 2.Deserts are also created because people cut_down trees and dig up grass. 3.Just reach into your pocket and take_out a piece of sugar. 4.The old novelist has written two novels, and both of them have been_made_into television series. 5.All substances, whether they are gas, liquid or solid, _are_made_of atoms. 6.Spring is coming.The flowers are just beginning to come_up. 7.David hung_up his cellphone and rushed to his son’s classroom, only to find him listening to the teacher attentively. |
⇩
1.“v.＋down”短语大全 ①cut down 砍倒 ②put down 放下；写下 ③turn down 拒绝 ④break down 出故障；分解 ⑤set down 写下，记下 ⑥bring down 降低；减少 ⑦settle down 定居，安定下来 | 2.“许多” 短语巧识记 ①修饰不可数名词： a great deal of, a good amount of, large amounts of ②修饰可数名词： a great many, a/the number of ③既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词： a lot of/lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of/large quantities of |
三、句式——
背 原 句 | 明 句 式 | 学 仿 写 |
1. It grows up straight and thin, with branches at the top. 它长得又直又细，顶端有枝条。 | with 复合结构。 | 冬天就要到了，该买暖和衣裳了。 With_winter_coming,_ it’s time to buy warm clothes. |
2. Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都长得高。 | 部分否定结构。 | 并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师，我们应严格要求他们。 Not_all_students_obey_the_school_rules,_so as a teacher, we should be strict with them. |
3.Put one of the leaves of an air plant on the ground, or hang it up in a room, and you will find ... 把一片空中飘浮植物的叶子放到地上，或悬挂于室内，不久你就会发现…… | 祈使句＋and＋陈述句。 | 更加努力工作，多练习，你的努力将会获得回报。 Work_harder_and_practise_more,_and your efforts will be rewarded. |
第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．shoot n．竹笋，嫩芽v.射击，开枪；发芽；射门，投篮；拍摄
[经典例句] He shot himself during a fit of depression.
他一时心灰意冷，开枪自杀了。
shoot sb./sth. 打中……，打死……
shoot at 朝……射击或开枪
shoot up 迅速长高；陡增，猛涨
shoot a glance (at sb.) 粗略看了(某人)一眼
①Demand for water has shot up by 70% over the last 30 years.
过去30年来，水的需求量猛增了70%。
②The customers were shopping in the market when a gunman began shooting wildly at them.
一些顾客正在超市购物，这时一名持枪男子对着他们开始疯狂扫射。
2．trap n．陷阱；圈套；捕捉器vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境
[高考佳句] A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.(2018·北京高考单选)
一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth. 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套
be/get trapped in 被困在……中
(2)fall into the trap of ... 落入……的圈套
set/lay a trap for 为……设圈套
①The shopkeepers always trap customers into buying something that is not necessary.
营业员经常诱骗顾客买一些不必要的东西。
②She was_trapped_in_the burning house at that moment.
那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。
③Don’t fall_into_the_trap_of_investing all your money in one place.
不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方，那样做不明智。
[联想发散] 表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：
①be/get locked in ②be/get caught in
③be/get stuck in ④be/get blocked in
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．The new movie was_shot (shoot) in America in 2017.
2．He had attempted to rescue the drowning (drown) man, but failed.
3．She walked away and left the question hanging (hang) in the air.
4．I am uncomfortable because my body is sticky (stick)．
5．If you are unable (able) to obtain the information you require, consult your telephone directory.
6．I couldn’t figure out how she managed to keep her figure.
7．He refused to acknowledge being_defeated (defeat) in the match, but in vain.
8．She is a vision of loveliness (lovely) with her golden hair.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
trap个个清
单句语法填空
①But many people are believed to be_trapped (trap) in the collapsed buildings.
②Once you fall into a trap, it will not be easy to get out of it.
③I was trapped into admitting(admit) that I had done wrong.
④They set a trap for Jack and he walked right into it.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
1．根据语境选出shoot的词性和词义
(A)n.幼苗，嫩芽 (B)v.射中；朝……射击
(C)v.飞驰而过 (D)v.拍摄，摄影
(E)v.投篮 (F)v.迅速(成名)；一举(成功)
①Tu Youyou, a female scientist shot to fame when she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine.__F__
②They had almost reached the crossing when a car shot past them.__C__
③Two weeks after we’d planted the seeds, little green shoots started to appear.__A__
④As is known to all, a time limit was set for a team to shoot at the basket.__E__
⑤It is said that the film is shooting in Shanghai.__D__
⑥The police came around the corner and they started shooting at the robbers.__B__
2．根据语境选出fly的词性和词义
Avi.飞；飞行 Bvt.驾驶，操作 Cn.苍蝇
①The planes flew through the clouds.__A__
②I saw a fly was on the ceiling.__C__
③Charlie flew a small plane to Cuba.__B__
第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．come up成长，生长；走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起
[教材原句] However, new shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.
然而，新的竹笋将从旧根的周围长出来。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中come up的含义
①An old lady came up to me and asked for directions.走近
②The problem whether the middle school students should use smartphones came up at the class meeting.被提出
③When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.升起
④—Alvin, are you coming with us?
—I’d love to, but something unexpected has come up.发生
⑤I planted some seeds in the yard.But they failed to come up.发芽
come up with 想出；提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现
come to 达到
come true 变成现实；实现
⑥Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came_up_with a solution to it.
讨论了这个问题整整一下午，他们最终想出了解决方法。
⑦I’ll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey.
我决不能理解这么短的路程你却迟到了一小时这件事是怎么发生的。
2．Not_all_bamboo grows tall.
并非所有的竹子都长得高。
(1)该句是表示部分否定的句型，Not all ...＝All ...not ...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。
①All these books are not popular with people.
→ Not_all_these_books_are popular with people.
这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。
(2)英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
②Every boy is not interested in sports.
→ Not_every_boy is interested in sports.
并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。
③Both of the two math problems are not very difficult.
→ Not_both_of_the_two_math_problems are very difficult.
这两道数学题并非都很难。
(3)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way 等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
④I knew that nothing would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.
我知道没有什么能够使他泄气，他将永远不会放弃成为一名导演的想法。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①Let’s hang up some paintings on these blank walls to create a romantic atmosphere.
②With all this work to_do(do), I won’t have time to go out.
③Lose one hour in the morning and you will be looking for it the rest of the day.
④The college has five thousand teachers and students in all.
⑤Did you ever hear of a Chinese composer named Nie Er?
⑥He orders you not to cut down the tree that gives you shade.
⑦Lots of the glass was melted down to be made into bottles.
⑧What are you going to do with the books which you will not use?
2．运用所学短语完成片段
Although I’m sixty years old, I can often recall some things happening as a child.My grandparents lived in a mountainous village and there were nine people ①in_all (总共) in the family.I would live there with them on vacations.When spring approached, many wild weeds and flowers ②came_up (长出) around the village.My grandmother loved me very much and she used to ③take_out (拿出) some nice pies ④made_of (由……制成)corn for me.At night, she used to teach me to recognize the stars in the clear sky.⑤At_the_same_time (与此同时), I was given ⑥a_great_many (许多) stories about fairies living in the heaven.I still remember once my grandfather bought a picture of Magpie Bridge Meeting and ⑦hung_it_up (把它挂起来) on the wall opposite to the door.I really treasure those days.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．come相关短语全接触
(1)选词填空：come up with/come up
①Many questions came_up at the meeting, but none of them have been solved up to now.
②The boss came_up_with a new suggestion at the meeting.
(2)用come的相关短语完成下面片段
Yesterday when I was walking in the street, I ③came_across Li Hua, an old friend of mine.He told me a story about Yuan Longping, a famous expert on rice.As a young man, he saw many people went hungry or even died of hunger.He was determined to study rice and after many years of hard work, he ④came_up_with a means of growing rice, by which the output of rice has ⑤come_to 800kg per mu.His dream finally ⑥came_true.
2．部分否定点点练
(1)句型转换
①What impresses me most deeply in my life is my first visit to the Palace Museum.
→Nothing_impresses_me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
②It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because all of them are not fit for them.
→It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because not_all_of_them are fit for them.
(2)补全句子
③他再次说并不是所有的新锁都可靠。
He says that once again not_all_new_locks_have_proved_reliable.
④游泳是我最喜欢的运动，没有任何一种健身方法能比得上游泳。
Swimming is my favorite sport.There is nothing_like_swimming_as_a_means_of_keeping_fit.
[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Do you see the old man with a walking (walk) stick in his right hand?
2．Beautiful music came floating (float) out of the window.
3．As he fell, he grasped at a hanging (hang) chain.
4．Last evening I was rung up by an old friend whom I had not heard of for years.
5．With the boy leading (lead) the way, we found the house easily.
6．This salad is made of apple, pear, potato and celery.
7．Twenty workers are reported to be_trapped (trap) in the mine.
8．If you behave so foolishly, you must be ready to_take (take) the consequences.
9．Follow these tips, and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile.
10．I don’t know how to deal with the man dealing in second cars.Can you tell me what to do with my old car?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The picture of the famous artist was hanged on the wall. hanged→hung
2．Helen has a great many of friends indeed, but she does not think she has any she can trust.去掉of
3．Hurry up, and you’ll be late again.and→or/otherwise
4．I don’t think you can run across the road with your eyes close.close→closed
5．I’m not sure how you will do with the outdated goods.how→what或do→deal
6．A recent study has come up an unexpected conclusion that the African elephant should be divided into two different species.up后加with
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Mr.Brown owned a poor farm almost deserted.To support his family, he took_out (拿出) all of his savings to buy a cow producing milk every day.He sold some milk for some money.Meanwhile, the rest of milk was_made_into (被制成) cheese and butter for the family.In_fact (Generally speaking/In fact/Believe it or not), the cow was their only means of support.①One day, the cow was eating grass and then it began to rain heavily.His cow fell over the hill and died.He didn’t know what to do_with (对付) the situation.He hung_up (挂起) its skin on the wall of his house to memorize his cow.In order to have something to eat, Mr.Brown began to plant vegetables and raised a_great_many (许多) chickens on the farm.Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting_down (砍倒) trees to sell the wood.②As time went by, his crop’s harvest came around.He got_ready_to (准备) sell vegetables and some chickens in the market.It occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)Meanwhile→At_the_same_time
(2)grow→come_up
(3)much→a_great_deal_of
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用“be doing ...when ”句型改写句①
One_day,_the_cow_was_eating_grass_when_it_began_to_rain_heavily.
(2)用with复合结构改写句②
With_time_going_by,_his_crop’s_harvest_came_around.
