2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：必修3Unit1HopeandLove
展开Unit 1 Hope and Love
一、单词——
写 得 准 | 用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空) |
1.flow vi. 流动；川流不息；溢过 2.still adj. 静止的；不动的 3.living adj. 活的；活着的；有生命的；活生生的 4.joy n. 快乐；愉快；喜悦 5.attack n. 攻击；袭击；进攻 6.darkness n. 黑暗；阴暗 7.recover vi.康复→recovery n．康复 8.distinguish vt.区别，辨别→distinguished adj.(外表或举止)高贵的；卓越的，杰出的 9.puzzle vt.使迷惑；使困惑 n．谜；难题→puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.令人困惑的 10.simply adv.仅仅；只是；简单地→simple adj.简单的；单纯的 11.comprehend vi.理解→comprehending n．理解→uncomprehending adj.不理解的 12.connect vt.连接；联结；联系→connection n．连接；联结；联系 13.permanently adv.永久地；长期不变地→permanent adj.永久(性)的；固定的；永恒的 14.founder n．创始人→found v．创建，建立→foundation n．基金会；基础 15.disappoint vt.使(人)失望→disappointment n．失望→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的；失意的→disappointing adj.令人失望的 16.sweet adj.甜的→sweetness n．甜；芬芳 | 1.The Chinese Nation which is distinguished (distinguish) for its diligence and courage has attracted the attention from the world. 2.The doctors had given her up but she made an excellent recovery.It was a miracle that she recovered from her illness.(recover) 3.People usually think heart disease is connected with smoking.Do you believe that there’s a connection between them? (connect) 4.I think that he simply asked me a simple question just now.(simple) 5.There was a puzzled look on the little girl’s face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle) 6.To the teacher’s disappointment,_the disappointing news that he failed the exam not only made him very disappointed but also disappointed all of us.(disappoint) 7.A wealthy merchant founded a special foundation to award scientists who make great achievements in their fields.But many years went by, no one knows exactly who the founder is.(found) 8.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be sweeter (sweet). |
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1.“静”之不同表达 ①still 静止的 ②quiet 安静的 ③calm 镇静的 ④cool 冷静的 ⑤silent 沉默的 | 2.后缀ness名词集锦 ①darkness 黑暗 ②loneliness孤独，寂寞 ③sickness/illness 疾病 ④kindness 善良 ⑤sadness 悲伤 ⑥happiness 快乐 | 3.不一样的“心情” ①disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的 ②frightening adj.令人害怕的→frightened adj.感到害怕的 ③terrifying adj.令人恐惧的→terrified adj.感到恐惧的 ④embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的 ⑤touching adj.触动人心的→touched adj.感动的 ⑥astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的 |
二、短语——
写 得 准 | 用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空) |
1.have no way of knowing ... 无法知道 2.lead_...into 把……领/带进 3.succeed_in 在……中获得成功 4.be_flushed_with 因……而脸变红 5.a_great_many 很多；许多 6.set_...free 释放；使……变得自由 7.give_birth_to孕育；产仔；引起，产生…… 8.at_the_close_of 在……结束时；在……末 9.long_for 渴望；向往 10.shine_on (使)照射在……上 11.back_up 支持 12.at_the_beginning_of 在……的开始 13.in_a_flash 立刻，一瞬间 14.in_the_light_of 鉴于；由于；按照 15.a_little_while 不久；一会儿 | 1.If you persevere with work, you’ll succeed_in your business in the end. 2.They try their best to back_up the educational cause. 3.You will be set_free soon if you behave well in the prison. 4.His face was_flushed_with excitement and his hands trembled. 5.His wife gave_birth_to their first child, and he was excited about it. 6.She is longing_for a chance to speak to him in private. 7.At_the_close_of the term we shall have a general review. 8.The military inspection ends in_a_flash,_but I am still lost in the scene. |
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1.“立刻”短语小结 ①in a flash 立刻；一瞬间 ②in an instant 马上，立刻 ③right now 立刻 ④at once 立刻 ⑤right away 立刻 | 2.“支持”与“反对”词汇集释 ①back up 支持 ②favour n. 赞成 ③support vt. 支持 ④approve v. 赞同 ⑤in favour of 支持 ⑥oppose vt.反对 ⑦object (to) vi. 反对 ⑧disapprove v. 反对 ⑨be opposed to 反对 ⑩be against 反对 |
三、句式——
背 原 句 | 明 句 式 | 学 仿 写 |
1.But my teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood that everything has a name. 但我和我的老师在一起几周后，我才明白每样东西都有一个名字。 | before 引导时间状语从句。 | 过不了多久我们就要期末考试了。 It_won’t_be_long_before we have the final examination. |
2.I left the wellhouse, eager to learn. 我离开汲水房，渴望学习更多的东西。 | 形容词(短语)作状语。 | 由于太紧张，考试刚开始时我什么也想不起来。但我没有着急，而是努力使自己平静下来。 Too_nervous,_I couldn’t think of anything at the beginning of the exam.However, I didn’t worry but tried to calm myself down. |
3.Her words puzzled me very much because I did not understand anything at that time unless I touched it. 她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时除非我用手接触它，否则我就什么都不理解。 | unless“除非；如果不”是从属连词，引导条件状语从句。 | 除非有必要，否则你最好不要查词典。 Unless_(it_is)_necessary,_ you’d better not refer to the dictionary. |
第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．attack v．/n.攻击；袭击；进攻
[教材原句] At nineteen months an attack of fever left her permanently blind and deaf.
在她十九个月大时，因为一次高烧使她永久失明和失聪。
(1)attack sb./sth.with sth. 用某物攻击某人或某物
be attacked with 受到……的侵袭；患……病
(2)make an attack on/upon 对……发起进攻；攻击……
be/come under attack 遭到攻击；遭到抨击
heart attack 心脏病
①He was attacked with a cold because he was caught in the rain.
他因淋了雨而得了感冒。
②When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
当绿叶植物受到攻击，它不会坐以待毙。
③The dog got angry and made an attack on/upon the naughty boy.
这只狗发怒了，袭击了这个调皮的小男孩。
2．distinguish vt.区别
[经典例句] It is hard for young children to distinguish right from wrong.
对于小孩来说，分辨是非是困难的。
(1)distinguish between ...and ... 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish ...from ... 使……有别于……
distinguish oneself (as ...) (作为……)表现突出
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的
be distinguished for ... 因……而出名
①Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong.
阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。
②It’s important to distinguish reality from dreams.
重要的是要把现实与梦想区别开来。
③As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world.
众所周知，郎平作为优秀的排球教练在世界上已享有盛名。
④The English corner gives me a chance to distinguish myself (me) by speaking English fluently.
在英语角里说一口流利的英语给了我一个展现自我的机会。
3．disappoint vt.使(人)失望
[教材原句] But Miss Sullivan shook her head, and I was greatly puzzled and disappointed.
但沙利文小姐摇了摇头，我感到十分困惑和失望。
(1)disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的(常修饰人)
be disappointed about/at sth. 对某事失望
be disappointed with/in sb. 对某人失望
be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望
(2)disappointing adj. 令人失望的，扫兴的(常修饰物)
(3)disappointment n. 失望，灰心，扫兴；令人失望的事物或人
to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是
①To tell the truth, I’m not disappointed about/at your math score, but I’m disappointed in/with you for your dishonesty.
说实话，我对你的数学分数并不感到失望，但我对你的不诚实感到失望。
②To our great disappointment (disappoint), it rained on the day of the picnic.
使我们大失所望的是，野餐那天下起雨来了。
③This disappointing (disappoint) situation may finally have reached a turning point.
这种令人失望的状况最终可能会达到一个转折点。
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)
1．Are you sure you want to permanently (permanent) delete these pictures from the camera?
2．He is the founder of modern Chinese art career, outstanding artist and art educator (educate).
3．He laid the foundation (found) of his success by study and hard work.
4．Much to my joy, my father bought me a computer as a birthday gift.
5．I am writing to you in connection (connect) with your job application.
6．There is much chance that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
7．The enemy has_been_under_attack (受到攻击) for more than two months.
8．He took a deep breath, desperately trying_to_keep_calm (尽力保持镇定)．
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1. distinguish 多棱镜
(1)介词填空
①The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.
②His lawyer argued that Tom couldn’t distinguish between right and wrong.
(2)句型转换
③He is famous for his professional knowledge.
→He distinguishes_himself__by his professional knowledge.
→He is_distinguished_for his professional knowledge.
2．disappoint点点练
(1)用disappoint的适当形式填空
①To our great disappointment,_the result was not the same as we had expected.
②I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave when something occurred that attracted my attention.
③It was disappointing that there were relatively few possibilities.
④The disappointed look on her face suggested that she failed to pass the exam.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
This summer I went to Beijing with my father.I have been looking forward to going to Beijing.However, when we arrived, we ⑤were_disappointed_to_find (失望地发现) that there were so many people there.Then we went to a restaurant to have lunch.When we were having lunch, two people began to quarrel.I knew from ⑥the_disappointed_looks (失望的表情) on the customers’ faces that they ⑦were_disappointed_about/at (对……感到失望) the quarrel.What a ⑧disappointing (令人失望的) trip!
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出动词recover的词义
A康复 B重新获得 C恢复
1．I hope you will recover soon under this healthful climate.__A__
2．It’s going to be some time before I recover my full strength.__C__
3．New techniques make it possible to recover usable things from waste.__B__
第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．a great many很多；许多
[经典例句] With a great many articles to write, he won’t have time to go shopping this morning.
他有那么多文章要写，今天早上将没有时间去买东西了。
(2)the number of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语
＋不可数名词＋单数谓语
(5)large amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数谓语
large quantities of ＋可数名词复数或不可数名词＋复数谓语
①There are (be) a great many talented people waiting to be discovered.
众多有才华的人有待于被发现。
②A large quantity of good earth is (be) being washed away in this area every year.
→Large quantities of good earth are (be) being washed away in this area every year.
每年这个地区有大量沃土被冲走。
2．back up支持
[高考佳句] In this article, you need to back up general statements with specific examples.(2016·6月浙江高考单选)
在这篇文章中，你需要用特定的事例来支持文章的概述。
break up 分裂；打碎
bring up 抚养，教育
pick up 捡起；接人；无意中学会；收听
turn up 出现，露面；调大(音量)
take up 占据；开始从事
①I’ve settled that I’ll drop medicine and take_up physics.
我已决定放弃学医，开始学物理。
②Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn_up sooner or later.
不要担心。我敢肯定，你丢失的眼镜早晚会出现的。
③The Smiths are praised for the way they bring up their children.
史密斯夫妇因为养育孩子的方式而受到了赞扬。
3．But my teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood that everything has a name.
但我和我的老师在一起几周后，我才明白每样东西都有一个名字。
before引导时间状语从句，在句中译法灵活。
(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“在……之前，还没来得及……就……”。
①The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left before_I_could_ask for their names.
那对年轻夫妻归还了我丢失的钱包，我还没来得及问他们的名字他们就走了。
(2)“趁着……(还没有)”
②They are thinking of buying the house before_the_house_prices_go_up.
他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
(3)“过了……才……”
③It was several minutes before_I_could_take_in what he was saying.
过了几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。
(4)It＋be＋not＋long＋before从句，意为“……不久就……”。
④John thinks it_won’t_be_long_before_he is ready for his new job.
约翰认为不久之后他就会为他的新工作做好准备。
⑤As far as I know, it is five years since he joined_the_army.
据我所知，他参军五年了。
[名师指津] “It is/has been＋一段时间＋since”引导的状语从句表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。since从句常用一般过去时，而主句常用一般现在时或现在完成时。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空/补全句子
①You’ll fail in the exam unless you study hard.
②Surprised (surprise), Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
③Suddenly it started raining but it was over in a flash.
④In the light of his remarks, we rejected the girl’s offer.
⑤She was flushed with pride when she heard that her daughter won the first place.
⑥At last I succeeded_in (在……中获得成功) getting my car moving slowly.
⑦We had much rain at_the_close_of (在……结束时) the rainy season last year.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
After ①succeeding_in (在……中获得成功) settling in Shenzhen, he got in touch with ②a_great_many (很多) of his friends living there.He ③longed_for (渴望) a computer.His friends ④backed_him_up (支持他) and helped him buy a portable computer.But one day his computer crashed ⑤in_a_flash (瞬间) and he ⑥had_no_way_of_knowing (无法知道) what was wrong with it.He had to ask his friends for suggestions.With their help, his computer began to work again.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．“大量，许多”相关短语全扫描
用所给词的适当形式填空
①After seeing a great many homeless people were (be) in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.
②Large amounts of money are_spent (spend) on advertisements every year.
③Large quantities of water have_been_piped (pipe) to the dry area since last year.
④The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has_been_rising (rise) steadily since 1990.
2．before句型个个清
(1)写出下列句子中before的汉语意思
①Before he came here, he was in England.在……之前
②It will be some time before we know the full results.得过多久才……
③Before we had walked five miles, Anne complained of sore feet.不到……就
(2)补全句子
④我们最好在制订计划之前详细地讨论一切事情。
We’d better discuss everything in detail before_we_work_out_the_plan.
⑤不久他们就会互相了解。
It_won’t_be_long_before they understand each other.
[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Never having been to Switzerland before, he longs for_a trip there.
2．Disappointed (disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents.
3．They defended themselves against being_attacked (attack)．
4．After the long journey, the three of them went back home, tired (tire) and hungry.
5．At the time, Ann’s son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21 years old.
6．With many problems arising (arise), he didn’t know what to do next.
7．What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?
8．Without the sun, the world would be in total darkness(dark)．
9．I have given up my flat in Paris because I’m going to live permanently (permanent) in London.
10．He was told that it would be at least three more months before_he could recover and return to work.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．She observed the present from the foreign country, with puzzling expression on her face.puzzling→puzzled
2．Aside from the web cameras, a number of other hightech methods is becoming increasingly popular.is→are
3．As is reported, it is 100 years before Tsinghua University was founded.before_→since
4．Colorblind people often find it difficult to distinguish blue and green.blue前加between
5．To our relief, the plane landed, safely.safely→safe
6．The company has come under the attack for its decision to close the factory.去掉attack前的the
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
I desired my parents to allow me to go to Australia in order to experience a culture which differs from ours, but (besides/and/but) for some reasons my parents wouldn’t support me.Finally I succeeded_in (在……中获得成功) getting my idea across to them and we decided to take a plane to Australia.We reached Australia 5 hours later.At_the_beginning_of_our_trip (在我们旅行的开始) I rented a car to go out with a friend.To my surprise, there were a_great_many_sheep (许多羊) in Australia.Some of them were eating green grass.①Others lay on the grassland and they were happy.②On our way to Sydney, our car used up oil and it made us disappointed.It took me a_little_while (一会儿) to buy oil and I was worn out.Finally we got the car working.We set off again.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)desired→longed_for
(2)support me→back_me_up
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用形容词作伴随状语改写句①
Others_lay_on_the_grassland,_happy.
(2)用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句②
On_our_way_to_Sydney,_our_car_used_up_oil,_which_made_us_disappointed.
