2021高三统考外研英语一轮（经典版）学案：Book6Module1　SmallTalk

Book 6  Module 1　Small Talk

1．As is known to us all, children spend less time having heart­to­heart talks with their parents when they grow older.

众所周知，当孩子们长大的时候，他们与父母进行知心交谈的时间就更少了。

2．We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.

我们应当彼此友善，这对于享受和谐生活是必需的。

3．While having an interview, at no time should you be nervous, so keep calm and focus your attention on the interviewer.

在面试的时候，任何时候你都不要紧张，所以要保持冷静，把注意力集中在面试官身上。

4．When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the person's speaking may be.

当有人讲话时，不管他说得多么乏味，其他人都应该倾听。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　　核心单词

(1)informal (adj.) 非正式的→formal (反义词) (adj.) 正式的

(2)serious (adj.) 严肃的；认真的；严重的→seriously (adv.) 严肃地；认真地

(3)confidently (adv.) 自信地→confident (adj.) 自信的→confidence (n.) 自信

(4)advance (adj.)  预先的；在前的 (n.) 发展；前进 (v.) 前进；推进；进展→advanced (adj.) 高级的；发达的

(5)application (n.) 申请→apply (v.) 申请；应用→applicant (n.) 申请人

(6)impolite (adj.) 不礼貌的→polite (反义词) (adj.) 有礼貌的→politeness (n.) 礼貌

(7)favour (n.) 恩惠；照顾→favourable (adj.) 有利的；赞许的→favourite (n.& adj.) 特别喜欢的人(或物)/特别喜爱的(只作定语)

(8)certain (pron.) 某些 (adj.) 无疑的(只作表语)；确信的；某一(些)(只作定语)→certainly (adv.) 一定；当然(可以)→certainty (n.) 必然；肯定；确定的事情

(9)reply (n.& v．) 回答；答复；回信

(10)absence (n.) 缺乏；不存在→absent (adj.) 缺席的；不在场的；缺少的；缺乏的

(11)apologise/apologize (vi.) 道歉→apology (n.) 道歉；致歉

(12)cautious (adj.) 谨慎的；慎重的；小心的→caution (n.) 小心；警告

(13)modest (adj.) 谦虚的；谦逊的→modesty (n.) 虚心；谦逊

(14)interrupt (v.) 打断→interruption (n.) 打断

(15)successful (adj.) 成功的→success (n.) 成功→succeed (vi.) 成功→successfully (adv.) 成功地

(16)imagine (vt.) 想象→imagination (n.) 想象(力)→imaginary (adj.) 虚构的；假想的→imaginative (adj.) 富有想象力的

Ⅱ　　阅读单词

(1)opportunity (n.) 机会

(2)obligation (n.) 责任；义务

(3)immigration (n.) 移民→immigrate (v.) 移入；移民

(4)tidy (v.) 使……整洁；整理

(5)reception (n.) 欢迎会；招待会

(6)outspoken (adj.) 直言不讳的；坦率的，不客气的

(7)shortcoming (n.) 缺点；短处

(8)mature (adj.) 成熟的

(9)awkward (adj.) 尴尬的

(10)acquaintance (n.) 熟人

(11)messy (adj.) 棘手的；难办的

(12)anniversary (n.) 周年纪念日

(13)hostess (n.) 女主人→host (n.) 主人；男主人

(14)factual (adj.) 实际的；事实的；确实的

(15)circumstance  (n.) 情形；情况

　[单句语法填空]

1.The first time I wrote a little poem, I          (confident) placed it right on my father's table.

答案：confidently

2．He said the trip to the seaside was cancelled for lack          interest.

答案：of

3．The young violinist is very excited because the concert given by him has never been more          (succeed)．

答案：successful

4．Without more training or          (advance) technical skills, they'll lose their jobs.

答案：advanced

5．It is so difficult that it is beyond my          (imagine).

答案：imagination

6．I'm writing to explain to you the reason why I was          (absence) from your lecture last time.

答案：absent

7．The minister had to issue a formal public          (apologise) for his remarks.

答案：apology

8．Though Tom was          (polite) to the new teacher, she forgave him for his rudeness.

答案：impolite

9．These questions are difficult for children to reply         .

答案：to

10．He began to take political science          (serious) only when he left school.

答案：seriously

1．­ess结尾表示女性的词汇集锦

①hostess 女主人

②citizeness 女公民

③goddess 女神

④actress 女演员

⑤manageress 女经理

⑥mayoress 女市长

⑦poetess 女诗人

⑧shepherdess 牧羊女

⑨stewardess 女乘务员；女服务员

⑩waitress 女招待

2．­ry结尾的名词集锦

①anniversary 周年纪念日

②discovery 发现

③laboratory 实验室

④library 图书馆

⑤luxury 奢侈；华贵

3．im­作否定前缀的形容词集锦

①impolite 不礼貌的

②immeasurable 不可估量的

③immature 不成熟的

④impatient 不耐烦的

⑤impossible 不可能的

⑥impartial 不偏不倚的

1．(be) nervous about  对……神经紧张/害怕/胆

怯/焦虑不安

2．look away from  把目光从……移开

3．in addition  除此之外；另外

4．find out  了解(到)；找出信息

5．put one's foot in one's mouth

  犯使人难堪的错误；说错话

6．as a consequence  因此，结果

7．cheer sb. up  使某人高兴/振作起来

8．leave out  省去；删去；遗漏

9．(be) aware of  知道

10．show off  炫耀

　[选词填空]

as a consequence, cheer up, find out, show off, leave out, in addition

1．He          at once when his father promised to buy him a cell phone.

答案：cheered up

2．He couldn't resist          on the tennis court.

答案：showing off

3．Let's get some eggs first.         ， fruit and vegetables are also needed.

答案：In addition

4．She outlined the case to him, being careful not to          anything         .

答案：leave; out

5．Tell him the secret now, because sooner or later he will          it         .

答案：find; out

6．He withdrew from political life and          he was soon forgotten.

答案：as a consequence

1．“结果”知多少

①as a consequence of 由于……的结果

②in consequence 结果

③as a result of 由于……的结果

2．“think of”家族

①think of 想起；回忆起；考虑

②be highly/well thought of ……评价很高

③think nothing of 轻视；把……视为平常

④think of ... as ... 把……看作……；认为……是……

答案：It's widely known that

直击重点 突破考点

１．lack　v．& n．缺乏；缺少(P2)

(1)单句语法填空

Though            (lack) experience, he soon got a higher pay by working hard.

答案：lacking

(2)单句改错

①He lack money so he can't finish the task.

②The scientist abandoned his research lack of funds.

答案：①lack→lacks　②lack前加for

(3)单句写作

①Her decision seems to show               political judgement.

她的决定似乎显示了她缺乏政治判断力。

②             money, they had to give up the project.

由于缺乏资金，他们不得不放弃这个项目。

③She's not usually              confidence.

她平时并不缺乏自信心。

答案：①a lack of　②For lack of　③lacking in

(1)lack sth. 缺乏某物 (vt.一般不用于被动语态)

(2)a lack of ……的缺乏

for lack of 因为缺乏

(3)lacking adj. 缺少的；不足的

be lacking in 缺乏(品质、特点等)；……的不足

特别提醒

lack是表示状态的及物动词，不用于被动结构，也不用于进行时。lack用作名词时基本意思是“缺乏；不足”，用作不可数名词；若其前面加不定冠词a，常与介词of连用。

２．advance　adj.预先的；在前的；预付的　v．& n．前进；进展(P2)

(1)单句语法填空

①Please give us advance          (warn) of any changes.

②Some young people long to advance          their careers.

答案：①warning　②in

(2)单句写作

①I should warn you              that we may be delayed.

我得预先提醒你，我们也许会被耽搁。

②Their aircrafts were                  those used by the US.

他们的飞机超前于美国人用的飞机。

③The mob              us, shouting angrily.

暴民愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。

答案：①in advance　②in advance of　③advanced on/towards/upon

(1)in advance＝ahead of time 提前；预先

in advance of 领先/超前于……

make an advance in sth. 在某方面有进步

(2)advance on/towards/upon 朝……前进

advance in sth. 在某方面有进步

(3)advanced adj. 高级的；进步的；先进的

特别提醒

advance作形容词时与advanced的区别：前者意为“预先的；在前的”；后者意为“高级的；先进的”。

３．absence　n．缺乏；不存在；缺席(P8)

(1)单句语法填空

①His          (absent) of mind in driving caused the accident.

②I have to ask for leave of absence            this evening's piano lessons.

答案：①absence　②from

(2)单句写作

①                 any evidence, the police had to let Myers go.

由于缺乏证据，警察只好放了迈尔斯。

②Love                              his childhood.

他童年时根本没有受到疼爱。

③The decision was made                 .

这个决定是我不在的时候做出的。

答案：①In the absence of　②was totally absent from　③in my absence

(1)absent adj. 缺席的；不在的

be absent from ... 未出席……；缺……

absent­minded＝absence of mind 心不在焉的

(2)absence from 缺席……

in the absence of (人)不在；缺席；(物)不存在；缺少

in/during one's absence 在某人不在时；在某人缺席时

4.apology　n．道歉；致歉(P8)

(1)单句语法填空

①I must apologize for not          (be) able to meet you.

②He made an apology           the guests for being late.

答案：①being　②to

(2)单句改错

①Victor apologized to his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan.

②You should make apology to her for your carelessness.

答案：①第一个to→for　②make后加an

(3)单句写作

①Please                  for the inconvenience this matter has given you.

对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。

②I think maybe we                 .

我想也许我们应该向你道歉。

③I think you should              your brother.

我觉得你应该给你弟弟赔个不是。

答案：①accept our apology　②owe you an apology　③apologize to/make an apology to

(1)make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.

因(做)某事向某人道歉

accept/refuse sb.'s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉

owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉

(2)apologise/apologize vi. 道歉

apologise/apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.

因(做)某事向某人道歉

1.in addition 除此之外；另外(P3)

(1)单句语法填空

Extra warmth from sunlight can put an            (addition) load on the air­conditioning system.

答案：additional

(2)句型转换

In addition to my studies, I got involved in lots of extra­curricular activities.

→                  my studies, I got involved in lots of extra­curricular activities.

答案：Besides/Apart from/As well as

(3)单句写作

①I think playing computer games is a waste of time.             ， it is bad for your health.

我认为玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。此外，对健康也不好。

②                 reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.

我们读书除了能获得知识，还能获得乐趣和灵感。

答案：①In addition　②In addition to

(1)in addition常放在句首，也可放在句中、句尾，用逗号隔开。

(2)in addition to ... 除……之外，复合介词，后接名词或动名词。

in addition to＝apart from除……之外

(3)additional adj. 附加的；额外的

2.leave out 省去；删去；漏掉(P10)

(1)单句语法填空

①If           (leave) alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter.

②She left Beijing          New York last year.

答案：①left　②for

(2)单句写作

①They were so careless that they              an important detail.

他们如此粗心以至于漏掉了一个重要的细节。

②He was              in physics after he missed three classes.

他错过三次课之后，物理被落在了后面。

③                            ， do we actually need a second car?

且不说费用多少，我们真的还需要一辆汽车吗？

答案：①left out　②left behind　③Leaving the expense aside

(1)leave ... alone 不打扰；不理会；让……一个人呆着

leave aside 暂不考虑；搁置一边

leave behind 忘带；留下；丢弃；使落后

(2)leave for ... 动身去……

leave ... for ... 离开……去……

3.show off 炫耀(P11)

(1)单句语法填空

①You have to show respect          their cultural custom.

②You must show the ticket          the man at the gate.

答案：①for　②to

(2)单句写作

①Though Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature, he doesn't like to                          in public. Therefore, he seldom              on the TV screen.

尽管莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，但他并不愿意在公众面前炫耀自己。所以，他很少出现在电视屏幕上。

②We                  the school by one of the students.

我们由其中的一名学生领着参观了学校。

③Paintings by Matisse are              at the New York Galley.

马蒂斯的画作正在纽约美术馆展出。

答案：①show himself off; shows up　②were shown around/round　③on show

(1)show up 出现；到场

show sb. in/out/around/round 领着某人进来/出去/参观

show respect for 向……表达敬意

show sb. sth.＝show sth. to sb. 向某人出示某物

(2)on show＝on exhibition 在展出

1.[教材原句]It was an informal party so I didn't need to wear a suit.

这是一个非正式的聚会，所以我不需要穿西装。(P7)

单句语法填空

①—I started off to walk, but Peter gave me a lift.

—Therefore, you          (need walk) at all.

②You          (need wash) all those dishes, you know—I'd have done them myself when I got home.

③You          (need do) the washing up. I would have done it for you.

答案：①didn't need to walk　②needn't have washed　③needn't have done

(1)didn't need to do: 没必要做，实际上也没做。

(2)needn't have done: 本不必做某事，但实际上做了(做了本不必做的事)。这是对过去的虚拟，如后面跟but的句子，谓语动词常用过去式。

2.[教材原句]Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.

每当我张口，就会讲错话。(P8)

(1)单句改错

①I found myself in an entirely new world moment I arrived in Beijing.

②He was writing a passage for the first time I saw him.

答案：①moment前加the　②去掉for

(2)单句写作

①             I see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading papers.

每当我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报纸。

②             you come, remember to bring along your sister.

下次你来时，记得把你妹妹一块儿带来。

答案：①Every time/Each time　②Next time

引导时间状语从句的名词短语有：

(1)every/each time＋句子 每当……时

(2)(the) last/next time＋句子 上一次/下一次……时

(3)the first/second ... time＋句子 第一/二次……时

(4)＋句子 一……就……

课文回练 升华运用

Have you ever crossed the road to avoid   1   (talk) to someone you can recognize? Would you love   2   (go) to a party and talk   3   (confident) to every guest? Do you want to make more friends but lack   4    confidence to talk to people you don't know?

You needn't worry about situation like these   5    you have good social skills. And they are easy   6   (learn). It helps if you do a little advance planning.

First, learn how to do small talk. Small talk is very important and   7   (prepare) you for more serious conversations. Be prepared!  Have some low­risk conversation openers ready.

Second, develop your listening skills.   8   (communicate) involves speaking and listening. Remember that you won't impress people if you talk yourself too much.

At last, learn the rules. There are different social   9   (rule) in different countries. You need to know when to arrive at the party.   10    addition, you should know how long you should stay and when you have to leave. Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places you needn't if you don't want to.

1．        　2.        　3.        　4.        　5.        　

6.        　7.        　8.        　9.        　10.       

答案：1.talking　2.to go　3.confidently　4.the　5.if　6.to learn　7.prepares　8.Communication　9.rules　10.In