2021高三英语人教版一轮教师用书：层级1第1讲 5种基本句式和therebe结构
展开第1讲 5种基本句式和there be结构
完成句子
1．为了身体健康，我们应该经常锻炼。
In order to keep fit, we should exercise regularly．
2．最后，我们应该经常参加体育运动和户外活动。
Finally, we should take part in sport and outdoor activities frequently.
3．当今，许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵。
Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic．
4．总之，我的生活会更丰富多彩。
In a word, my life will be richer and more colorful．
5．幸运的是，她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。
Fortunately, she promised me another chance to interview.
6．从古代起，人们就把早起视为好习惯。
People have regarded getting up early as a good habit since ancient times.
7．有几条信息我想与你分享。
There are some pieces of information that I'd like to share with you.
8．毫无疑问，写英语日记对你的英语书面语很有帮助。
There is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with your written English.
一、5种基本句式
1．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)
该句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)I am writing to apply for being a volunteer.
我写信的目的是申请做志愿者。
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)What's more, the stadium opens from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m. Monday to Friday.
另外，体育馆开放时间是周一至周五的上午9点到下午5点。
2．主语＋谓语＋宾语
该句式特点为：谓语动词均为及物动词，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。
①(2019·北京卷·书面表达)And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands.
而且他强调了我们动手劳动的重要性。
②(2018·浙江卷·书面表达)What's more, I also have some experience in accompanying foreign friends.
另外，我也有一些陪伴外国朋友的经验。
③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)People often beautify their home with papercutting during festivals and weddings.
在春节和婚礼期间，人们常常用剪纸装饰他们的家。
3．主语＋系动词＋表语
该句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，主语后需用系动词(主要是be动词)，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。
①(2019·江苏卷·书面表达)We feel at ease in our school uniforms every day.
每天我们穿着校服感到很舒适。
②(2018·北京卷·书面表达)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy.
坦率地讲，在一个不同的文化环境中学习并获得一个学位绝非易事。
③(2016·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.
这确实是一个让更多人看到它们的好机会。
4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
该句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)Now I would like to offer you some advice．
现在我想给你提供一些建议。
②First he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.
首先他向我们展示了做面人的基本步骤和技能。
5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语
该句式中的动词虽然是及物动词，后面也有宾语，但还必须加上一个补充成分(即宾语补足语)来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语通常直接跟在宾语之后。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)I'd like to invite you to join me and welcome you to show your performance．
我想邀请你加入我们，并欢迎你表演节目。
②(2019·江苏卷·书面表达)The traditional Chinese clothes，it seems to me, will make the occasion very Chinese and inviting to the British guests.
在我看来，这种中国传统服装会使得这个场合中国味十足，对英国客人具有很大的吸引力。
二、There be结构
1．There be结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用。
①For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.
例如，有大量的参考书，我对于如何选择经常感到困惑。
②The purpose of my writing is to tell you that there will be an outgoing for us these days.
我写信的目的是要告诉你这些天我们要进行一次郊游。
③Today is National Day. I think there should be many cars on freeway.
今天是国庆节。我认为高速路上应该有很多车辆。
2．There be结构有许多固定句型，它们的适当应用对写作会大有提升。
①There happened to be a lot of people by the road. They helped us push the car out of the big hole.
路边恰好有很多人，他们帮助我们把车从那个大坑里推出来。
②There is no need to worry about it as the government is now making every effort to provide more jobs.
没必要担心，因为政府正在尽一切努力提供更多的工作岗位。
利用5种基本句式和there be结构，结合中文提示补全短文并背诵
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am Li Hua from Class One, Senior Three. 1．I'm writing to apply for(我写信是想申请) becoming one of the host families to accommodate our friends.
In my view, 2.the activity is of great significance(这项活动意义重大) since the students participating in this activity will benefit a lot.
3．There is no doubt that(毫无疑问) my family can undertake the task. To begin with, 4.my fluent English enables me to communicate with foreign friends(我流利的英语使我能与外国朋友交流). In addition, my family can also meet the requirements in housing and means of transportation.5.My family will offer them the best service(我的家人会为他们提供最好的服务). We also plan to invite them to have a taste of local snacks and hot pot.
6．I would appreciate it(我会感激) if my application is taken into consideration.
Best regards.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
