2021高三英语人教版一轮教师用书：必修4Unit2Worktheland
展开三言 | 两语 |
1．We can find us in an exciting world every day, with the sun shining brightly, trees growing greenly and flowers coming out with all kinds of colors. 2．China has the largest irrigated area of the farmland in the world and grows more than a third of the crops of the world. 3．These different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health. | 1．农业科学家们尝试寻求在不扩大种植面积而增加收成的途径。 Agricultural scientists try to search for a way to increase rich harvests without expanding the area of fields. 2．由于绿色长城，土地生产了更多的农作物。 Because of the Great Green Wall, the land produces more crops. |
[单词 拼写应用]
核 心 单 词 | 1．decade n．十年；十年期 2．occupation n．工作；职业；占领 3．summary n．总结；摘要；概要 4．regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n．遗憾；懊悔 5．comment n．评论；议论 vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论 6．focus n．焦点；中心点 vt.集中；聚焦 7．therefore adv.因此；所以；因而 8．reduce vt.减少；减缩 9．struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力 10．expand vt.&vi.使变大；伸展 | [语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空 1． Expanding (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice. 2．The number of people suffering from heart disease will be greatly reduced (reduce) if they are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables. 3．(浙江卷)Focusing (focus)on that goal helps me get through tough times. 4．After he considered the problem more carefully，he regretted(regret) having made such a hasty decision. 5．Having struggled (struggle) for many years, he was finally admitted to a key university. | |
拓 展 单 词 | 1．hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的→hunger n．饥饿；欲望 vt.&vi.(使)饥饿 2．export vt.&vi.输出；出口→import vt.&vi.(反义词) 输入；进口 3．discover vt.发现；发觉→discovery n．发现；发觉→ discoverer n．发现者 4．equip vt.&vi.配备；装备→equipment n．设备(不可数) 5．confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难→ confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n．迷惑；困惑 6．nation n．国家；民族→nationality n．国籍→ national adj.民族的 7．personal adj.个人的→ personally adv.亲自地；就自己而言→personality n．性格；个性；人格 8．free adj.自由的→freedom n．自由；自主 9．disturb v．打扰；妨碍；使不安→ disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbed adj.烦恼的；不安的 10．produce vt.生产→production n．生产；制造→ producer n．生产者；制片人 | [语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip) 2．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse) 3．The discoverer of electricity was Franklin; like many discoveries, it benefits us greatly.(discover) 4．Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed．(disturb) 5．Freed from prison, he continued his struggle for freedom of his people.(free) 6．Owing to the great hunger，a great number of hungry children died.(hunger) | |
阅 读 单 词 | 1．statistic n．数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料 2．fertilizer n．肥料；化肥 3．nutrition n．营养；滋养；食物 | 4.bacteria n．细菌 5．circulate vt.&vi.循环；流传 6．sunburnt adj.晒黑的 7．super adj.特级的；超级的 8．output n．产量；输出 | 9.crop n．庄稼；农作物；产量 10．mineral n．矿物；矿石 11．root n．根；根源 12．underline vt.画底线标出；强调 |
1．(2018·江苏卷)It's vital that new compulsory ageappropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.使……具备能力；使……能够胜任
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This production of Shakespeare's Richard III will be directed by the National's Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.演出
[短语 多维应用]
高 频 短 语 | 1．rid ...of使……摆脱或除去 2．be satisfied with对……感到满意 3．would rather 宁愿；宁可 4．build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 5．be rich in盛产 | [语境运用] (填入一个适当的词) In order to rid local people ①of poverty，he made up his mind to build ②up his business.A lot of people work in it and earn a great deal of money at present.However，he is not satisfied ③with what he has achieved. |
6．thanks to幸亏；由于；因为 7．lead to导致；造成(后果) 8．focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于 9．keep...free from/of使……免受 (影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物) 10．in addition另外 | [语境运用] (填入一个适当的词) As we all know，too much work and too little rest often leads ④to illness.To live a long and active life，we should build up good relationships with each other.⑤In addition，we should use new energy to keep our environment free ⑥from/of pollution. |
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1．if so状语从句的省略形式 If so，what did you do to grow them？ | (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)这个周日你有空吗？如果有，到我们学校看看吧。 Will you be available this Sunday? If so, come to visit our school. |
2.the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth. In 1973，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. | 众所周知，中国是第一个探索月球背面的国家。 As is known to all, China is the first country to explore the far side of the moon. |
3.would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不)做…… He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. | 现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。 Nowadays more and more people would rather not live in big cities. |
1．struggle vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力
(1)struggle for...为……而斗争
struggle against与……作斗争
struggle with 和……一起奋斗；与……作斗争
(2)struggle to do sth.努力做某事
(3)struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle through the snowstorm冒着暴风雪前进
a struggle for independence争取独立的斗争
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2019·天津卷)Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.
b．We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad for freedom.
②a.(2019·江苏卷) He struggled to explain (explain)what he heard in his head.
b．(浙江卷)The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard(hear)．
③—Why didn't you give a hand to the boy?
—I'd like to have, but he struggled to his feet before I tried to.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
(高级表达)Having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, Dina finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(现在分词短语作状语)
2．equip vt.& vi.配备；装备
(1)equip...with...用……装备……
be equipped with装备着……
(2)equipment n．装备；设备(不可数名词)
poorly/well equipped装备简陋/优良
wellequipped research buildings设施齐全的研究大楼
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(牛津词典) We equip students with the skills they will need once they leave college.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped(equip) with reflective vests and safety lights.
③(2019·江苏卷) This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment(equip) and Internet facilities.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is respected by all his students.
(高级表达)Equipping himself with much experience in teaching, he is respected by all his students.(现在分词短语作状语)
(高级表达)Equipped with much experience in teaching, he is respected by all his students.(过去分词短语作状语)
3．regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n．遗憾；懊悔
(1)regret后悔做了某事
regret to say/tell/inform...that...遗憾地说/告知……
(2)with great regret非常遗憾
to one's regret令某人抱歉/遗憾的是
deeply regret what I said非常后悔说了那些话
regret any inconvenience对所造成的任何不便表示歉意
express her regret at the decision对这个决定表示失望
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(陕西卷)It's no use regretting(regret) what you have done.
②(北京卷)Jerry did not regret giving/having given (give) the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
③I regret to inform(inform)you that your problems are beyond my power.You'll have to turn to others, I'm afraid.
[链接写作]——一句多译
(全国卷Ⅲ)我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去书店了。
①I regret to tell you that I can't go to the bookstore with you at the appointed time.(regret v．)
②Much to my regret/To my great regret, I can't go to the bookstore with you at the appointed time.(regret n．)
③It is with great regret that I tell you I can't go to the bookstore with you at the appointed time.(regret n．)
[名师点津] regret后接动名词时，表示“后悔做了某事”；后接不定式时，一般表示“对即将发生的事表示遗憾/抱歉”。类似后接动名词、不定式作宾语时意义区别很大的动词(短语)还有：remember，forget等。
4．focus n．焦点，中心点 vt.集中；聚焦
focus on/upon集中(注意力/精力) 于
focus one's attention/mind/energy on 集中注意力/心思/精力于
the focus of attention/concern/argument注意力/关注/争论的焦点
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.
②a.With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.
b．With so many people focusing (focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous.
[链接写作]——一句多译
他专注于工作，因此没时间旅行。
①He focused his energy on his work, so he spared no time to travel.
②Focusing his energy on his work, he spared no time to travel.(分词作状语)
[名师点津] 表示“集中精力于……”的短语还有：concentrate one's attention on, fix one's attention on, put one's heart into等
5．build up逐渐增强； 建立； 开发
pick up捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载
take up拿起；开始从事
hang up挂起来；挂断电话
make up虚构；弥补；组成
show up 出现；露面
bring up抚养；教养
[基础练习]——写出下列句中build up的含义
①(2019·北京卷)Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.建立， 创办
②(浙江卷)Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.积累
③(江西卷)Outdoor activities are really helpful to build up my body and enrich my school life.增强
[链接写作]——完成句子
①(天津卷)—Sorry, I have to hang up(不得不挂断电话) now.It's time for class.
—OK, I'll call back later.
②(浙江卷)American Indians make up about five percent of the US population(组成了美国大约百分之五的人口)．
6．lead to导致；造成(后果)
(1)lead sb.to＋n.带领某人到……；使某人得出(观点)
lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事
(2)lead a...life过着……的生活
lead the way引路，带路
All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗马。
lead a happy/hard/comfortable/simple life过着幸福的/艰苦的/舒适的/简朴的生活
lead an active life过着活跃的生活
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷) Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited resources.
②A lack of confidence can lead to your losing (lose)the chance to go abroad for further education.
③His amazing intelligence led him to make(make) many great discoveries.
[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
(普通表达)The girl led the way(领路), so we had no difficulty finding the house.
(高级表达)With the girl leading the way, we had no difficulty finding the house.(with复合结构)
[名师点津] lead to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing 形式。表示导致的词汇还有：cause, result in, bring about
7．[教材佳句] If so，what did you do to grow them？如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？
[句法句式]If so“如果这样的话”， 是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式， 表示肯定意义； 如果表示否定意义， 则用if not。
if 构成的其他省略形式：
if any如果有的话
if possible如果可能的话
if necessary如果必要的话
if ever如果曾经发生过的话
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(江苏卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.If so, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
②(福建卷)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if ever, reaching 30℃ in summer.
[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Please correct mistakes in my composition，if there are any mistakes.
(高级表达)Please correct mistakes in my composition，if any．(省略句)
8．[教材佳句]He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
[句法句式]句中would rather (not) do sth.意为“宁愿(不)做……”。
(1)would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不) 做某事
(2)
(3)would rather后跟从句时，从句中要用虚拟语气
would rather sb.did sth.但愿某人做某事(用一般过去时表示对现在和将来的虚拟)
would rather sb.had done sth.宁愿某人做过某事(过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(陕西卷)We would rather our daughter stayed(stay) at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.
②I'd rather you hadn't told(tell) me about it.
③—What about going shopping this weekend?
—I'd rather not.I would rather to stay at home.去掉to
[链接写作]——一句多译
如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。
①Nowadays some teenagers would rather chat with strangers online than talk with their parents face to face．(would rather...than...)
②Nowadays some teenagers would chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to face．(would ...rather than ...)
③Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to face．(prefer...rather than...)
多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．It is with great regret that I say goodbye to you, but I never regret having spent/spending(spend) such a wonderful time with you.
2．Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland to produce more crops.
3．Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to lead (lead) an active life.
4．As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness leads to failure(fail)．
5．Just show the clerk a piece of paper with my name written(write) on it.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
6．(重庆卷)When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks，I could not.
7．His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.
8．We should study hard while we are young.If not, we will regret sooner or later.
9．It is beyond argument that a balanced diet and proper exercise can keep you free from/of disease.
10．Thanks to the highspeed trains, we can go around all over the country more conveniently.
维度3——查缺补漏
11．If you are the last man to leave(leave) the room, remember to turn off the light.
12．Occupying (occupy) herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to attend to her children.
13．(2017·北京卷)She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry (hunger)．
14．(浙江10月卷)Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused (confuse) she became.
15．If you stay in the strong sunlight for a long time without any protection, your skin will get sunburnt (sunburn)．
语篇练习——提升能力
提能一 单元话题语篇练
根据P10教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
As a famous scientist，Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.1．Having struggled (struggle) for the past five decades for millions of Chinese farmers, Dr.Yuan grows 2.what is called super hybrid rice.In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world 3.to grow (grow) rice that has a high output.
Born into a poor farmer's family in 1930，Dr.Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.At that time, hunger was a 4.disturbing (disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside.Dr.Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without 5.expanding (expand) the area of the fields.Thanks to his research，millions of people can rid themselves 6．of hunger.Dr.Yuan is quite 7．satisfied (satisfy) with his life.8.However, he doesn't care about being rich and famous.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.He therefore gives millions of yuan 9.to equip (equip) others for their research in agriculture.Long ago Dr.Yuan had a dream about growing super hybrid rice.Now Dr.Yuan has another dream：10.to export (export) his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.
提能二 单元话题写作练
1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①中国的农民曾经过着很艰苦的生活，并受到饥饿的困扰。
Farmers in China used to lead a hard life and were always disturbed by hunger.
②几十年来，他们努力寻找能够提高粮食产量的方法， 但收效甚微。
They have struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output for decades, but without success.
③多亏了袁隆平的杂交水稻研究，农民们的收成比以前多了一倍。
Thanks to Yuan Longping's research on the hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
④这意味着世界22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。
It means 22 percent of the world's population has got rid of hunger．
⑤虽然农民对农村的生活感到满意，但他们中有些人更愿去城市找工作，挣更多的钱。
Though the farmers are satisfied with their lives in the countryside, some of them would rather go to cities to find jobs to make more money.
2．升级平淡句
用非限制性定语从句合并句③和句④
Thanks to Yuan Longping's research on the hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before, which means 22 percent of the world's population has got rid of hunger.
3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇： therefore, however)
Farmers in China used to lead a hard life and were always disturbed by hunger. Therefore, they have struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output for decades, but without success. Thanks to Yuan Longping's research on the hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before, which means 22 percent of the world's population has got rid of hunger. However, though the farmers are satisfied with their lives in the countryside, some of them would rather go to cities to find jobs to make more money.
