2019届天津市河西区高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

天津市河西区2019届高三下学期英语第一次模拟考试试卷
一、单项选择题
1.—Would you mind moving over a little? I have to pass here.
—________ I'd like to help.
A. Not in the slightest.          B. Don't mention it.          C. Never mind.          D. At your service.
【答案】 A
【考点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——你介意稍微移动一下吗？我要从这里过去。——一点也不介意，我很愿意帮忙。A. Not in the slightest“根本不”；B. Don't mention it“不客气”；C. Never mind“没关系”；D. At your service“愿意为您服务”。由"I'd like to help"可知，作者一点也不介意。故选A。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分Not in the slightest； Don't mention it；Never mind和At your service的含义和使用环境。
2.Our company is seeking for a manager, especially ________ with creativity and imagination.
A. the one                                   B. each                                   C. one                                   D. that
【答案】 C
【考点】代词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们公司正在招聘经理，尤其是具有创造性和想象力的一个经理。the one特指一个；each 每一个；one泛指一个；that那个。所以选C。
【点评】考查代词辨析，区分the one；each；one和that的应用。
3.It's supposed to be the end of the paperback and the ________ of digital media, but some bookstores are surviving the Internet age with surprising success.
A. deadline                              B. dawn                              C. dusk                              D. departure
【答案】 B
【考点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这本应该是平装本的终结和数字媒体的黎明，但是一些书店在互联网时代却以惊人的成功幸存了下来。A. deadline“最后期限”；B. dawn“黎明”；C. dusk“黄昏”；D. departure“离开”。the end与dawn相对。故选B。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分deadline；dawn；dusk和departure的含义。
4.—Good morning. May I help you?
—No, thank you. I'm just looking around.
—________
A. It's up to you.
B. How are you feeling today?
C. Thanks for coming to see me.
D. Take your time then.
【答案】 D
【考点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——早上好，我能为您效劳吗?——不，谢谢。我只是随便看看。——您慢慢看。A. It's up to you“由你决定”；B. How are you feeling today?“ 你今天感觉怎么样？”C. Thanks for coming to see me“谢谢你来看我”；D. Take your time then“慢慢来”。Take your time then符合语境。故选D。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分It's up to you；How are you feeling today?；Thanks for coming to see me和Take your time then的含义和使用环境。
5.Once you've ________ the items you ordered, put this record in your file.
A. checked in                   B. checked off                   C. checked out                   D. checked with
【答案】 B
【考点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：你清点完订购的每一件东西后，将这份记录存档。A. checked in“办理登记手续”；B. checked off“清点”；C. checked out“办理退房手续”；D. checked with“与……相符合”。故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分check in；check off；check out和 check with的含义。
6.This was returned because the person ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
A. to whom                             B. to which                             C. which                             D. whom
【答案】 A
【考点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这封信被退回来是因为收信人三年前去世了。分析句子可知，the person为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作介词的宾语，而定语从句中涉及be address to sb“给……写信”。所以介词为to。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句。
7.The scientist does not study nature ________ it is useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it.
A. until                               B. because                               C. though                               D. unless
【答案】 B
【考点】原因状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这个科学家研究自然不是因为这样做有用。他研究自然是因为他从中会得到快乐。A. until“直到”；B. because“因为”；C. though“尽管”；D. unless“除非”。由下一句提示可知，本句为because引导的原因状语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及because引导的原因状语从句。
8.Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________say where he was.
A. mustn't                           B. shouldn't                           C. wouldn't                           D. mightn't
【答案】 C
【考点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：数天后，我弟弟打电话说他很好，但不肯告诉我他在哪里。mustn't“禁止”；shouldn't“不应该”；wouldn't“不情愿”；mightn't“不可能”。故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分mustn't；shouldn't；wouldn't和mightn't的含义和应用。
9.The real reason why prices ________, and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
A. were                             B. will be                             C. have been                             D. had been
【答案】 A
【考点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无法让人满意。根据题干中"and still are"的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
10.Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open        B. left; lay opened        C. leaving; lie opened        D. leaving; lying open
【答案】 D
【考点】分词，非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作伴随状语和宾语补足语。
11.This house is almost ________ to the one where I lived as a child.
A. identical                           B. manual                           C. chilly                           D. enthusiastic
【答案】 A
【考点】固定短语，形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这所房子几乎和我小时候住的那所房子一模一样。A. identical“完全相同的”；B. manual“手工的”；C. chilly“寒冷的”；D. enthusiastic“热情的”。be identical to /with固定短语，“与……相同”，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分 identical；manual； chilly和 enthusiastic以及固定短语be identical to /with。
12.The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market ________ its superior quality.
A. in terms of                    B. on account of                    C. on behalf of                    D. on top of
【答案】 B
【考点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬，并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。A. in terms of“就……而言”；B. on account of“由于”；C. on behalf of“代表……”；D. on top of“在……顶端”。商品能够迅速占领市场，是由于超级好的质量，所以前后是因果关系。故选B。
【点评】考查介词短语，区分 in terms of；on account of；on behalf of和on top of的含义。
13._____some teenagers don't realize is______difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.

A. That；how                  B. Which；what a                  C. What；what                  D. What；how
【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词性从句。第一空，What引导主语从句，并在主语从句中作realize的宾语，注意that引导主语从句时，不充当句子成分；第二空，how引导表语从句，修饰形容词difficult，表语从句是感叹句。

14.Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually?
A. who is                             B. that is                             C. who are                             D. whom are
【答案】 C
【考点】主谓一致，强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：是你还是他负责这个工作都应该准时完成这个工作？这是强调句的一般疑问句，因为是强调的是人，连接词用that和who都可以，由or连接两个以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致，由此可以排除A和B；whom引导定语从句时在从句中作宾语，所以排除D。故选C。
【点评】考查强调句和主谓一致，掌握强调句型的结构。
15.—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?
—The trees ________ well, but I didn't water them.
A. might grow           B. needn't have grown           C. would have grown           D. would grow
【答案】 C
【考点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们上周种的小树怎么了？——这些树本来会长得很好，但我没有给它们浇水。would have done表示对过去已发生的事情的推测，表示“可能……”，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对过去已发生的事情的推测。
二、完形填空
16.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    Songs bring us through our life. Each time I listen to my favorite song Reach, I'm deeply 1  by its lyrics: "If I could reach higher, just one moment touch the sky..." When we hear this 2  song sung by Gloria Estefan, we can 3  imagine how she managed to return to the stage after her serious back injury. In 1990, this Cuban singer was 4  down in a terrible traffic accident, and the doctor 5  that she might never walk again. But Gloria did not 6  and kept on working hard toward her 7 . Just one year after the disaster 8 , she stood up again and 9  this encouraging song at the Atlanta Olympics.
    Whenever I think of Gloria, a 10  crowds in my mind. When I entered university, naturally shy, ordinary looking, and with 11  scores in my lessons, just like an ugly duckling. I seemed to be the 12  outstanding one in my class. Continuous failures drove me into 13 . "Am I to take a back seat to everyone else?" 14  to give in to such a fate I spared no effort to work on my lessons and joined in many 15 , such as English speech contests and dramas. I just wanted to catch every little chance to 16  myself. My continuous efforts finally paid off. I received some 17 . More importantly, I 18  courage and confidence to face any difficulty in my life.
    19  is just like farming. You 20  what you sow. Once you have a dream, don't hesitate. Keep moving!
1. A. convinced
B. disturbed
C. impressed
D. discouraged
2. A. entertaining
B. inspiring
C. boring
D. puzzling
3. A. easily
B. simply
C. finally
D. hardly
4. A. knocked
B. cut
C. pulled
D. turned
5. A. argued
B. declared
C. doubted
D. added
6. A. give away
B. give back
C. give out
D. give up
7. A. goal
B. journey
C. achievement
D. recovery
8. A. happened
B. ended
C. lasted
D. returned
9. A. wrote
B. recorded
C. presented
D. covered
10. A. fancy
B. view
C. memory
D. question
11. A. standard
B. poor
C. high
D. excellent
12. A. most
B. more
C. least
D. very
13. A. hopelessness
B. weakness
C. trouble
D. anger
14. A. Free
B. Eager
C. Disappointed
D. Unwilling
15. A. parties
B. games
C. activities
D. meetings
16. A. satisfy
B. improve
C. enjoy
D. forgive
17. A. awards
B. thanks
C. gifts
D. comments
18. A. confirmed
B. gained
C. combined
D. requested
19. A. Luck
B. Belief
C. Life
D. Competition
20. A. harvest
B. reserve
C. expand
D. discover
【答案】 （1）C；（2）B；（3）D；（4）A；（5）B；（6）D；（7）D；（8）A；（9）C；（10）C；（11）B；（12）C；（13）A；（14）D；（15）C；（16）B；（17）A；（18）B；（19）C；（20）A；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者每当听到古巴歌手Gloria Estefan演唱的《到达》，都被歌词深深打动，作者几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台的，并且唱出了这么励志的歌曲。作者由此想到了自己上大学的时候，因天生害羞，相貌平平，学习成绩很差，一度陷入绝望，但作者不愿意屈服于这样的命运，通过不断的学习和参加各种活动提高自己，最终使作者获得自信和勇气来面对生活中的任何困难。作者告诫读者，一旦你有了梦想，不要犹豫，要去实现它。
（1）考查形容词。句意：每次我听我最喜欢的歌曲《到达》，我都被它的歌词深深地打动：“如果我能到达更高的地方，只要触摸天空的那一刻……。”A. convinced“确信的”；B. disturbed“精神紊乱的”；C. impressed“印象深刻的”；D. discouraged“气馁的”。根据上文"my favorite song Reach"可知，这首歌是作者最喜欢的歌曲，因此对歌曲的歌词和曲调特别印象深刻。故选C。
（2）考查形容词。句意：当我们听到Gloria Estefan演唱的这首鼓舞人心的歌曲时，我们几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台的。A. entertaining“有趣的”；B. inspiring“令人鼓舞的”；C. boring“令人厌烦的”；D. puzzling“令人迷惑的”。根据下文"this encouraging song"可知，encouraging与inspiring为同义词。所以这首歌鼓舞人心。故选B。
（3）考查副词。句意：当我们听到Gloria Estefan演唱的这首鼓舞人心的歌曲时，我们几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台的。A. easily“容易地”；B. simply“简单地”；C. finally“最后地”；D. hardly“几乎不”。Gloria Estefan在事故中严重受伤，但却能重返舞台，所以作者几乎是不能想象她是怎么做到的。故选D。
（4）考查动词。句意：1990年，这位古巴歌手在一场可怕的交通事故中被车撞倒，医生声称她可能再也不能走路了。A. knocked“撞”；B. cut“切”；C. pulled“拉”；D. turned“转向”。根据"in a terrible traffic accident"可知，Gloria Estefan发生了交通事故，knock down固定短语，“撞倒”符合句意。故选A。
（5）考查动词。句意：1990年，这位古巴歌手在一场可怕的交通事故中被撞倒，医生声称她可能再也不能走路了。A. argued“争论”；B. declared“宣称”；C. doubted“怀疑”；D. added“增加”。根据上文"her serious back injury"可知，这位歌手伤的很重，所以医生根据她的受伤情况，才声称她可能再也不能走路了。故选B。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：但是Gloria Estefan没有放弃，继续努力恢复健康。A. give away“泄露”；B. give back“归还”；C. give out“耗尽”；D. give up“放弃”。根据"kept on"可知，Gloria Estefan没有放弃，继续努力恢复健康。故选D。
（7）考查名词。句意：但是Gloria Estefan没有放弃，继续努力恢复健康。A. goal“目标”；B. journey“旅行”；C. achievement“成就”；D. recovery“恢复”。根据下文"she stood up again"可知，Gloria Estefan一直在为恢复努力，所以才最终又站了起来。故选D。
（8）考查动词。句意：灾难发生一年后，她再次站起来，在亚特兰大奥运会上演唱了她的励志歌曲。A. happened“发生”；B. ended“结束”；C. lasted“持续”；D. returned“返回”。根据上文可知，Gloria Estefan发生了一场交通事故，本句指事故发生的一年后。故选A。
（9）考查动词。句意：灾难发生一年后，她再次站起来，在亚特兰大奥运会上演唱了他的励志歌曲。A. wrote“写”；B. recorded“记录”；C. presented“呈现”；D. covered“覆盖”。根据"the Atlanta Olympics."可知，在这样的重要场合，她给所有的观众带来了/演唱了她的励志歌曲。故选C。
（10）考查名词。句意：当我进入大学的时候，天生害羞，相貌平平，学习成绩很差，就像一只丑小鸭。A. fancy“喜爱”；B. view“观点”；C. memory“记忆”；D. question“问题”。根据下文可知，作者想起了上大学时的自己，所以这是作者在回忆过去。故选C。
（11）考查形容词。句意：当我进入大学的时候，天生害羞，相貌平平，学习成绩很差，就像一只丑小鸭。A. standard“标准的”；B. poor“贫穷的，差的”；C. high“高的”；D. excellent“优秀的”。根据"naturally shy, ordinary looking"可知，and并列连接的形容词都为贬义词。故选B。
（12）考查形容词。句意：似乎是班里最不突出的一个。A. most“最多的”；B. more“较多的”；C. least“最少的”；D. very“恰好的”。根据上文呢作者对自己的描述可知，作者认为自己似乎是班里最不突出的一个。故选C。
（13）考查名词。句意：不断的失败使我陷入绝望。不断的失败会对人产生消极的影响。A. hopelessness“绝望”；B. weakness“弱点”；C. trouble“麻烦”；D. anger“愤怒”。hopelessness“绝望”符合句意。故选A。
（14）考查形容词。句意：我不愿意屈服于这样的命运，我不遗余力地学习，参加了许多活动，如英语演讲比赛和戏剧。A. Free“自由的”；B. Eager“渴望的”；C. Disappointed“失望的”；D. Unwilling“不愿意的”。作者不遗余力地学习，参加了许多活动。这些都是因为作者不愿意屈服于这样的命运。故选D。
（15）考查名词。句意：我不愿意屈服于这样的命运，我不遗余力地学习，参加了许多活动，如英语演讲比赛和戏剧。A. parties“聚会”；B. games“游戏”；C. activities“活动”；D. meetings“会议”。根据"English speech contests and dramas."可知，作者参加了许多活动。故选C。
（16）考查动词。句意：我只是想抓住每一个提高自己的机会。A. satisfy“使……满意”；B. improve“提高”；C. enjoy“喜欢”；D. forgive“原谅”。作者之所以要参加这些活动，就是希望通过这些活动可以提高自己，使自己更自信，更有勇气。故选B。
（17）考查名词。句意：我的不断努力终于有了回报，我获得了一些奖品。A. awards“奖品”；B. thanks“感谢”；C. gifts“礼物”；D. comments“评论”。根据"paid off"可知，作者的努力得到了回报，并获得了一些奖励。故选A。
（18）考查动词。句意：更重要的是，我获得了勇气和信心去面对生活中的任何困难。A. confirmed“确定”；B. gained“获得”；C. combined“使结合”；D. requested“要求”。勇气和信心不是天生就有的，它需要通过做某些事情来获得。故选B。
（19）考查名词。句意：生活就像耕种一样。这是短文的升华部分，把生活比作耕种。A. Luck“幸运”；B. Belief“信念”；C. Life“生活”；D. Competition“竞赛”。故选C。
（20）考查动词。句意：种瓜得瓜种豆得豆。A. harvest“收获”；B. reserve“保留”；C. expand“膨胀”；D. discover“发现”。根据"what you sow"可知，种什么就收获什么。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
三、阅读理解
17.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    Still seeking a destination for your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.
    King's Art Centre
    A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend tees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.
    You could attend a class teaching you how to 'learn from the masters' or get more creative with paint—free of charge.
    The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.
    The Botanic Garden
    The Garden has over 8, 000 plant species; it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.
    The multi-branchedTorch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves, and is not one to miss.
    Get to the display house to seeDionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.
    The Garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called 'Hissing Sid' is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.
    Byron's Pool
    Many stories surround Lord Byron's time as a student of Cambridge University, Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of "mess and drunkenness". However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I'm not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his roans. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.
    It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron's Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don't trust me, then perhaps you'll take it from Virginia Woolf—over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.
（1）As mentioned in the passage, there is a small charge for ________.
A. attending the masters' class
B. working with local artists
C. learning life drawing
D. seeing an exhibition
（2）"Torch Aloe" and "Venus Flytrap" are ________.
A. common insects      B. impressive plants      C. rarely-seen snakes      D. wildlife-enthusiasts
（3）We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed ________.
A. to fear pet bears
B. to like walking
C. to be a heavy drinker
D. to finish university in 1805
（4）In the passage Byron's Pool is described as a lake ________.
A. surrounded by fields
B. owned by Lord Byron
C. located in Grantchester
D. discovered by Virginia Woolf
（5）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some places for weekend break
B. A way to become creative in art.
C. The colourful life in the countryside.
D. Unknown stories of Cambridge University.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍的是几处周末度假去处，包括这些地方的好处，吸引人的地方。
（1）考查细节理解。根据 King's Art Centre部分中的“The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.”，可知学习写生需要一些费用。选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据The Botanic Garden中的“The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.”可知"Torch Aloe"是"Venus Flytrap"给人印象深刻的植物。选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据 Byron's Pool部分中的“He spent a great deal of time walking in the village”可知Byron喜欢散步。选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“…the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the field”可知Byron's Pool是被田包围的湖。选A。
（5）考查主旨大意。由文章开头的引子及全文内容可知本篇介绍的是几处周末度假去处。选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

18.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10. It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail—95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.
    When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on August 12, 1805, he was astonished by what was in front of him; "high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow." Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.
    Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的) gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.
    The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7, 033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊). There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.
（1）According to the passage, the word "trek" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. a comfortable walk in a separate country
B. a pleasant journey across the countryside
C. a journey over untraveled pathways
D. a long, hard journey over rough areas
（2）We learn from the text that before 1805 ________.
A. the Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snow
B. there were no people living in the western part of America
C. no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky Mountains
D. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States
（3）We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass ________.
A. remains much the same as it was 200 years ago
B. is the meeting point of three cultures
C. has changed a lot since 1805
D. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit
（4）Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably ________.
A. two native Indians
B. explorers of the early 19th century
C. merchants who did business with the Indians
D. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass
（5）We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author ________.
A. was attempting the impossible
B. was trying to set a world record
C. was following the trail of Lewis and Clark
D. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks
【答案】 （1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，人物故事类，记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇日记，日记中记录的是一次追寻前人足迹的探险，尽管天气使探险变得艰难，但是在作者看来却是已经赶上了以前的探险者。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail—95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West."可知，韦恩·费尔柴尔德开始担心我们在罗洛小道上的跋涉——从蒙大拿州罗洛到爱达荷州威佩的95英里的路程里，要穿越西部最艰苦的地区。所以判断出，第1段中的Trek一词在意义上最接近于“在崎岖地区的漫长而艰苦的旅程”。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on August 12, 1805, he was astonished by what was in front of him…Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East."1805年8月12日，当刘易斯爬到米苏拉以南140英里的莱姆希山口时，他被眼前的景象惊呆了。在当时的美国，没有人知道落基山脉的存在，那里的山峰是东部阿巴拉契亚山脉的两倍高。可知，所以我们从文章中得知，1805年以前没有美国人知道落基山脉的存在。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it."可知，今天，它的状况仍然和刘易斯和克拉克行走时一样。所以我们从短文中知道罗洛山口仍然和200年前一样。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo"刘易斯和克拉克在200年前差点被罗洛山口的暴风雪打败以及第三段中的"the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的) gift"勇敢面对困难的探险者和珍视并保护这条道路为神圣礼物的美洲土著人。可知，刘易斯和克拉克在200年前，也就是19世纪的早期就探险过罗洛山口，留下了他们探险的足迹，他们是伟大的探险家。所以判断出，刘易斯和克拉克最有可能是19世纪早期的探险家。故选B。
（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7, 033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge(山脊). There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.”尽管雪越来越深，我们的运气还是和天气有关。当我们爬上"Indian Post Office"时，这条小路的最高点是7033英尺，我们已经在柔软的雪地里走了13英里，我们几乎没有足够的力气来做饭。吃完鸡肉后，我坐在山脊上的一块石头上。任何方向都看不见光，甚至连一堆篝火也看不见。四天来我们都看不到其他人。我们专注于既恐惧又快乐的事情。在我们的想象中，我们终于赶上了刘易斯和克拉克。）可知，当穿越罗洛山口时，作者是在跟随刘易斯和克拉克的足迹在前行。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
19.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too—that's why it made Nov 16 "International Day for Tolerance".
    But first of all, what is tolerance? French philosopher Voltaire (1694—1778) can give us some help. According to him, tolerance "is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other's folly—that is the first law of nature."
    Nobody's perfect. When we're tempted to criticize another person, we should perhaps remember our own imperfections first.
    Very often, people don't realize that they're intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.
    It's worth thinking a little about the words "tolerance" and "intolerance". Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be "tolerant" of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.
    But it seems wrong that people should agree to "tolerate" people with black skin, for example. And should women think they have received the respect they are due when men agree to "tolerate" them?
    Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That's the reason we should be tolerant.
    It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness. Bob Marley understood this. In the song mentioned above, he advised: "Write your love on a rock so it stays for eternity; write your hate in the sand so the waves will wash it away."
（1）According to Voltaire, tolerance is ________.
A. being willing to express your love to others
B. trying to overcome your imperfections
C. giving a hand to vulnerable groups (弱势群体)
D. accepting each other's weaknesses
（2）Why are people usually unaware of their intolerance, according to the article?
A. They are used to finding faults.
B. They consider tolerance a kind of frailty.
C. They don't see things from the angle of others.
D. They are intolerant of themselves too.
（3）In what sense is "tolerance" similar to "generosity"?
A. Humans are advised to treat others better.
B. Humans learned to find faults in others.
C. Humans need to give something to others.
D. Humans will change their attitudes to others.
（4）The underlined word "this" in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. giving things to others
B. forgiving others
C. different attitudes toward love and hate
D. the fact that humans are imperfect
（5）What's the text mainly about?
A. The origin of the International Day of Tolerance.
B. The meaning and importance of tolerance.
C. The philosophy behind Bob Marley's song.
D. Effective ways to show tolerance.
【答案】 （1）D
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
（5）B
【考点】主旨大意题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，教育文化类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宽容的意义和宽容的重要性。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other's folly—that is the first law of nature."我们天生都有弱点且会犯错误；让我们原谅对方的愚蠢行为吧——这是第一条自然法则。可知，根据伏尔泰的观点，容忍就是接受对方的缺点。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women."这是因为不宽容与无知有很大关系。但通常情况下，男人对女人不宽容是因为男人不能站在女人的立场上考虑问题。可知，为什么人们通常没有意识到他们的不宽容是因为他们不能从别人的角度看问题。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness"这有点像慷慨。我们可以给别人东西，我们也可以给予我们对别人的原谅。可知，在人类需要给予他人一些东西上，“宽容”与“慷慨”是相似的。故选C。
（4）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"...and we can also give our forgiveness. Bob Marley understood this."我们可以给别人东西，我们也可以给予我们对别人的原谅。鲍勃·马利理解这一点，可以判断出，this指代的是"forgiving others"。故选B。
（5）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，短文通过伟大的牙买加歌手鲍勃·马利有一首歌叫《世界上有这么多麻烦》引入主题——人与人之间缺乏宽容。通过法国哲学家伏尔泰向读者说明宽容的意义。通过介绍人们不宽容的原因，以及对“宽容”和“不宽容”的思考都在告诉读者，宽容起着重要的作用。所以判断出这篇课文主要在讲宽容的意义和重要性。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    Don't we all know a "Happy Meal" when we see one—the famous boxed meal that includes a hamburger, kid-sized French fries, fruits and milk, served with a toy that's extremely popular with children who love to collect them?
    A Happy Meal is a form of kids' meal sold at a certain fast-food chain since 1979. A toy is included in the meal, both of which are usually contained in a box or paper bag. However, collectors of these little toys will not get them any longer, since the company will replace toys with books and each of these books will mainly pass on nutritional messages.
    Happy Meals are extremely popular with kids, especially for their collectable toys, when you consider that over 1.3 billion of these packages are sold each year. These packages have been very controversial. Health supporters believe that drawing kids to these meals with toys is clever way of promoting unhealthy food choices. They see it as an advertising strategy of "catching its customers young"—a move that has paid off very well for the fast-food company.
    Child development experts say that food habits get formed in children by age six and continue through to their adult life. Fatty and sugary foods such as those served in Happy Meals are believed to play a big role in growing health problems such as obesity and diabetes. Public health care costs have gone up and untold amounts of money have been spent on coping with these health problems. On November 2, 2010, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors passed a law requiring that children's meals sold in restaurants must meet certain nutritional standards before they could be sold with toys, to overcome the problem of childhood obesity—in other words, the State of California tried to ban the toys in Happy Meals. However, it was strongly opposed by some as being heavy-handed, and the ban was thrown out by the government.
    While some people believe that the fast-food company, with its large following of children, can create a powerful message through the books, others believe its actions are contradictory. Anyway, the company is trying to spread the message of nutrition while it is serving food that is anything but healthy.
（1）The aim of the question raised in Paragraph 1 is ________.
A. give a surprise to the toy lovers
B. make readers think about the answer
C. call on readers to buy boxed meals
D. get readers' attention to the article
（2）Books will be added into Happy Meals to ________.
A. introduce the use of the toys
B. help kids learn about nutrition
C. increase the cost of the meals
D. spread the message of fast food
（3）According to Paragraph 3, Happy Meals ________.
A. cost more money than ordinary meals
B. help the customers stay young
C. have achieved the desired result
D. receive approval from health supporters
（4）What is the author's opinion about Happy Meals?
A. They do no actual good to children's health.
B. They teach children a lot about nutrition.
C. They bring much fun to children.
D. They are popular with the young and the old.
（5）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Happy Meal-A New Advertising Method
B. The links Between Food and Health
C. The Importance of Eating Healthy Food
D. Are Happy Meals Really Happy?
【答案】 （1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
（5）D
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，议论文，医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，针对某家快餐连锁店的快乐套餐是否有益健康进行了讨论，作者认为快乐套餐实际上对儿童的健康无益，也就是并不快乐。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段可知，第二段承接第一段的内容继续展开，来说明快餐公司用书籍替代了套餐里的玩具，以此引出对“快乐套餐真的快乐吗？”的讨论。故判断出第一段中问题的提出的目的是为了让读者注意这篇文章。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“each of these books will mainly pass on nutritional messages”可知，每一本这样的书均可以给孩子传递一些营养方面的信息，也就是帮助孩子学到更多的关于营养的知识。所以书籍被添加到快乐儿童餐是为了帮助孩子们学习营养知识。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They see it as an advertising strategy of ‘catching its customers young’—a move that has paid off very well for the fast-food company.”人们认为这是一种“吸引年轻顾客”的广告策略——这一举措为这家快餐公司带来了丰厚的回报。可知，快乐套餐已经取得了预期的效果。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“the company is trying to spread the message of nutrition while it is serving food that is anything but healthy.”这家公司正在努力传播营养信息，同时也在提供不健康的食品。可知，关键词anything but"根本不"，可以判断出作者认为快乐套餐实际上对儿童健康无益。故选A。
（5）考查主旨大意。本文主要针对某家快餐连锁店的快乐套餐是否有益健康进行了讨论，作者认为快乐套餐实际上对儿童的健康无益，也就是并不快乐，故D选项“快乐套餐真的快乐吗？”符合文章内容。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读表达
21.阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
    Seven years ago, my wife told our 6-year-old daughter about our wedding weekend. My wife had moved back home to spend the weekend with her family.
    As I was tucking our daughter in (把女儿的被子掖好) later that night, she asked if she could "come home like mommy did" when she got married one day. (Hopefully, one day far off into the future...) I told her our house would always be open to her. She gave me a big hug and a kiss on the cheek. She was extremely happy.
    After a few seconds, I could see her mind churning (思绪翻腾)—the happiness dissipated. She pushed her finger into my belly and told me in low spirits, "Your belly is too big and you are too fat. I don't know if you are going to make it."
    I was shocked. It was true that my health had fallen into a huge decline in the previous five years as I was building Contegix. I had not thought of it as destroying a future with my family. A 6-year-old girl saw what I missed.
    I decided to run a mile the next morning. I couldn't make it 1/4 mile. I didn't give up and went out the next morning.
    Seven years later, I have lost 60 pounds and regularly run ultra marathons. I attempted my first 100 miles last August, but I missed the terminal point at mile 87 after running on a torn hamstring (腿筋撕裂) for the previous 79 miles.
    Yet, the most important distance I will ever go will be walking her down the aisle (结婚) one day. I would not make it if it hadn't been for the honesty and innocence of a 6-year-old.
（1）Why was the author's daughter happy? (no more than 15 words)
（2）What does the underlined word "dissipated" in Paragraph 3 mean? (one word)
（3）What happened to the author as he was building Contegix? (no more than 10 words)
（4）What does the author regularly do seven years later? (no more than 5 words)
（5）What do you think of the author? Please explain. (no more than 25 words)
【答案】 （1）Because she was told the house would be always open to her.
Or: Because the author told her their house would be always open to her.

（2）disappeared. /vanished.
（3）His health declined. /His health fell into a huge decline.
（4）He regularly runs ultra marathons.
Or: Running ultra marathons.

（5）He's a good father because he didn't want to disappoint his daughter and began to take care of his health (take exercise regularly) for his family.
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者与女儿7年前的一段对话，是女儿所说的话让作者更加关注自己的健康并给了作者减肥的决心和动力，与此同时作者也不想让女儿失望。七年之后作者减掉了60磅，并参加了超级马拉松，由于腿筋撕裂，作者没有完成比赛，但作者很满足，作者认为最重要的距离是在女儿结婚时，陪女儿走过红地毯的距离。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I told her our house would always be open to her. She gave me a big hug and a kiss on the cheek. She was extremely happy.”可知，作者的女儿快乐是因为作者告诉她他们家的门永远向她敞开。故填Because she was told the house would be always open to her. Or: Because the author told her their house would be always open to her.
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“She pushed her finger into my belly and told me in low spirits.”可知，女儿情绪变得低落，所以"dissipated"意思是Disappeared./Vanished (消失) 的意思，女儿的快乐了。故填disappeared./vanished.
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“It was true that my health had fallen into a huge decline in the previous five years as I was building Contegix.”可知，作者在建造Contegix时，作者的健康状况急剧下降。故填His health declined./His health fell into a huge decline.
（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Seven years later, I have lost 60 pounds and regularly run ultra marathons.”可知，七年后，作者减掉了60磅，并定期参加超级马拉松比赛。故填He regularly runs ultra marathons.Or: Running ultra marathons.
（5）考查推理判断。短文叙述了作者与女儿的7年前的一段对话，是女儿所说的话让作者更加关注自己的健康并给了作者减肥的决心和动力，与此同时作者不想让女儿失望。七年之后作者减掉了60磅，并参加了超级马拉松，由于腿筋撕裂，作者没有完成比赛，但作者很满足，作者认为最重要的距离是在女儿结婚时，陪女儿走过红地毯的距离。短文中充满了父亲对女儿的爱，对家庭的爱。所以作者是一个好父亲，因为他不想让女儿失望，所以他通过锻炼的方式使自己更健康，是为了女儿，也是为了这个家。故填He's a good father because he didn't want to disappoint his daughter and began to take care of his health ( take exercise regularly ) for his family.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。
五、书面表达
22.假设你是李津，正在你校学习汉语的英国交换生Mike对中国古诗词很感兴趣。请用英语给他写一封邮件，邀请他3月17日上午9：30在学校报告厅与我们一同观看CCTV3频道《经典咏流传》中的一期节目。
要点：①时间、地点和观看人员；②内容：欣赏以歌曲形式咏唱的经典古诗词；③建议：提前了解一些中国古诗词，观后谈感受。
注意：①词数不少于100；②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词: 《经典咏流传》 Everlasting Classics; 咏唱 chant
【答案】 Dear Mike,
    How is everything? As you are interested in classical Chinese poetry, I'm writing to invite you to join us in watching an attractive show, Everlasting Classics, at 9: 30 a. m. on March 17 in the school lecture hall.
    It is a hit program on CCTV3, in which a number of classic Chinese poems are chanted in beautiful tunes. We plan to exchange our reviews after watching the show together, so I suggest you should learn in advance some poems to be shown and their background. The list of them is attached to this email.
    Looking forward to your participation and I believe you will enjoy it and learn a lot.
Yours,
Li Jin
【考点】提纲作文，文字式应用文，半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份给你校学习汉语的英国交换生Mike写一封邮件，邀请他3月17日上午9：30在学校报告厅与我们一同观看CCTV3频道《经典咏流传》中的一期节目。写作背景：Mike对中国古诗词很感兴趣。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：①时间、地点和观看人员；②内容：欣赏以歌曲形式咏唱的经典古诗词；③建议：提前了解一些中国古诗词，观后谈感受。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文章思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： As you are interested in classical Chinese poetry, I'm writing to invite you to join us in watching an attractive show, Everlasting Classics, at 9: 30 a. m. on March 17 in the school lecture hall.运用了原因状语从句；  It is a hit program on CCTV3, in which a number of classic Chinese poems are chanted in beautiful tunes. 运用了非限制性定语从句；We plan to exchange our reviews after watching the show together, so I suggest you should learn in advance some poems to be shown and their background. 运用了因果并列句，宾语从句和虚拟语气。