2019届天津市红桥区高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）


天津市红桥区2019届高三下学期英语第一次模拟考试试卷
一、单项选择题
1.—Tony, do remember to send the report to the sales manager!
—________.
A. Made it                            B. Got it                            C. Heard it                            D. Followed it
【答案】 B
【考点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——Tony, 务必记得给销售经理发送这份报告。——明白。A. Made it“成功了”；B. Got it“明白”；C. Heard it“听说了”；D. Followed it“跟随它”。根据语境可推知表示同意，故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分Made it；Got it；Heard it和Followed it的含义和使用环境。
2.She is quite ________ to office work. You had better offer her some suggestions when necessary.
A. familiar                               B. similar                               C. fresh                               D. sensitive
【答案】 C
【考点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她刚到办公室工作，你最好在必要时提供给她一些建议。A. familiar“熟悉的”；B. similar“相似的”；C. fresh“新鲜的，新的”；D. sensitive“敏感的”。给建议是因为她是一个新人。故选C。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分familiar；similar； fresh和sensitive的含义。
3.We'd better take umbrellas—I'm sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it's always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain                      B. is raining                      C. will be raining                      D. would rain
【答案】 C
【考点】将来进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：我们最好带上雨伞。我肯定当我们到达伦敦时，天气会下雨，每年这个时候那里都是潮湿的。根据when we arrive表示将来的时间，在那个时候一直做某事，用将来进行时。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及将来进行时。
4.—Fiona never fails to grasp any chance of promotion.
—She's a woman of ________.
A. ambition                       B. attention                       C. expectation                       D. reputation
【答案】 A
【考点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——菲奥纳从没有在晋升机会中失利过。——她是一个有雄心抱负的女子。A. ambition“雄心，抱负”；B. attention“注意”；C. expectation“期望”；D. reputation“名声”。根据上一句说她从没有在晋升机会中失利过，推断她是个雄心抱负的女子。故选A。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分ambition；attention；expectation和reputation的含义。
5.________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.
A. Tasted                           B. Tasting                           C. To taste                           D. Being tasted
【答案】 B
【考点】分词，非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：这种药尝起来非常难吃，被这个孩子扔掉了。主语是medicine，taste与主语是主动关系，而且taste是系动词无被动，因此用现在分词，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作原因状语。
6.—Ken, ________, but your radio is going too loud.
—Oh, I'm sorry. I'll turn it down right now.
A. I hate to say it      B. It doesn't hurt to ask      C. I' m really tired of it      D. I'm crazy about it
【答案】 A
【考点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——Ken，我不想说，你的收音机声音太大了。——啊，我很抱歉，我马上把它调低一点。A. I hate to say it“我不愿意说”；B. It doesn't hurt to ask“问一问无妨”；C. I'm really tired of it“我真的很厌烦”；D. I'm crazy about it“我对它很着迷”。根据语境推知，故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分 I hate to say it；It doesn't hurt to ask；I'm really tired of it和 I'm crazy about it的含义和使用环境。
7.This book is said to be the special one, which ________ many events that cannot be found in other history books.
A. covers                                 B. writes                                 C. prints                                 D. reads
【答案】 A
【考点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：据说这本书是很特殊的，它涉及了很多其他历史书中找不到的事件。A. covers“包括，涉及，论及”；B. writes“写”；C. prints“印刷”；D. reads“阅读”。书中内容应该是涉及很多事件，故选A。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分cover；write；print和read的含义。
8.—Next week I will go to a job interview, will you give me some suggestions?
—Smiling is a great way to make yourself ________.
A. stand out                           B. turn out                           C. work out                           D. pick out
【答案】 A
【考点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——下周我要参加工作面试，您能给我一些建议吗？——微笑是让你自己脱颖而出的很好的方法。A. stand out“显眼，出众”；B. turn out“结果是”；C. work out“解决”；D. pick out“挑出”。工作建议能够帮助人们脱颖而出，故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分 stand out；turn out；work out和pick out的含义。
9.—What's wrong with you?
—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.
A. shouldn't eat          B. mustn't eat          C. couldn't have eaten          D. shouldn't have eaten
【答案】 D
【考点】情态动词havedone的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：——你怎么了？——我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldn't eat“不应该吃”；B. mustn't eat“禁止吃”；C. couldn't have eaten“不可能吃”；D. shouldn't have eaten“本来不应该吃”。根据just now可知，是发生在过去，故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词和虚拟语气，掌握shouldn't have done的用法。
10.—Mum, is the pair of gloves ________ mine?
—Yes. You have to wear another pair.
A. washing                  B. have washed                  C. being washed                  D. having washed
【答案】 C
【考点】动词的语态，现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，这双正洗的手套是我的吗？——是的。你不得不带另一双了。根据下文可知，手套是正在被洗，用现在进行时的被动，故选C。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
11.This is not an economical way to get more water; ________, it is very expensive.
A. worse still                     B. on the contrary                     C. in short                     D. in addition
【答案】 B
【考点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：这不是一种获得更多水的经济方法，相反，它非常昂贵。A. worse still“更糟的是”；B. on the contrary“相反”；C. in short“总之”；D. in addition“另外”。前后句意思相反，故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析，区分worse still；on the contrary；in short和 in addition的含义。
12.Breaking up is the business of the two lovers, ________ no other person should be involved.
A. which                                B. in that                                C. that                                D. in which
【答案】 D
【考点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：分手是两个相爱的人的事，其他人不应该卷入。先行词是前面一句话，“被卷入”用be involved in，in介词提前，关系代词要用which，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。
13.Not until the end of the performance ________ the chance to take photos with the respectable actor.
A. the audience got
B. the audience had got
C. did the audience get
D. had the audience got
【答案】 C
【考点】一般过去时，倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：直到表演结束，观众们才有机会和这位受人尊重的演员合影。not until位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，表演结束提示用一般过去时，A、B两项都没有倒装，故选C。
【点评】考查倒装句和时态，本题涉及一般过去时和not until位于句首时，主句用部分倒装的结构。
14.The new teacher was so well-organized that she began ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point was left out.
A. when                                B. in which                                C. how                                D. where
【答案】 D
【考点】地点状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这位新老师条理非常清楚，她从我们昨天停止的地方开始，没有遗漏要点。这里不是定语从句，因为没有先行词，所以不能用in which；表示昨天我们停止的地方，表地点，要用where，故选D。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及where引导的地点状语从句。
15.I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I ________ this mistake at the moment.
A. didn't make             B. wouldn't make             C. hadn't make             D. wouldn't have made
【答案】 B
【考点】虚拟语气
【解析】【分析】句意：我后悔没有采纳你的意见。否则，我现在不会犯这么多错误。Otherwise表示“否则”，隐含一种条件在里面，现在这“条件”是不真实的，用虚拟语气；主句中at the moment表示现在，对现在的虚拟用would+动词原形，故选B。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对现在的虚拟。
二、完形填空
16.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    John's parents acquired the washer when he was a small boy. It happened during World War Ⅱ. His family never 1  a washing machine and, since gasoline was expensive, they could not 2  trips to the laundry several miles away. Keeping clothes 3  became a problem for young John's household.
    A family friend joined the army, and his wife 4  to go with him. John's family 5  to store their furniture while they were away. To the family's 6 , the friend suggested they use their Bendix. So this is how they 7  the washer.
    Young John helped with the washing, and across the years he 8  a love for the old, green Bendix. But 9  the war ended. When the friends came to take it back, John grew terribly 10 . His mother 11  him and said. "You must remember, that machine 12  belonged to us in the first place. That we ever got to use it at all was a gift. So, instead of being mad at it being taken 13 , let's use this 14  to be grateful that we had it at all."
    The lesson turned out 15 . Years later, John watched his eight-year-old daughter die a slow and painful death of leukemia (白血病). Though he 16  for months with her death, John could not begin getting over from the 17  until he remembered the old Bendix.
    His daughter was a 18 . When he realized the simple fact, everything changed. He could now begin recovering from the death of his daughter. He started to see her as a marvelous gift that he was fortunate enough to 19  for a time. He felt 20 . He found strength and recovery. He knew he could get through the valley of loss.
1. A. required
B. repaired
C. saw
D. owned
2. A. afford
B. take
C. have
D. ride
3. A. warm
B. nice
C. clean
D. good
4. A. agreed
B. prepared
C. managed
D. desired
5. A. decided
B. offered
C. expected
D. promised
6. A. astonishment
B. disappointment
C. sadness
D. regret
7. A. bought
B. got
C. borrowed
D. used
8. A. achieved
B. reduced
C. produced
D. developed
9. A. obviously
B. finally
C. immediately
D. peacefully
10. A. upset
B. frightened
C. hopeless
D. confused
11. A. explained
B. encouraged
C. comforted
D. taught
12. A. once
B. already
C. never
D. hardly
13. A. out
B. down
C. up
D. away
14. A. success
B. event
C. treasure
D. chance
15. A. invaluable
B. important
C. necessary
D. reasonable
16. A. thought
B. struggled
C. missed
D. forgot
17. A. lesson
B. illness
C. loss
D. difficulty
18. A. gift
B. washer
C. death
D. loser
19. A. spend
B. live
C. share
D. earn
20. A. grateful
B. energetic
C. relaxed
D. happy
【答案】 （1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）C；（13）D；（14）D；（15）A；（16）B；（17）C；（18）A；（19）C；（20）A；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，John小时候由得到再到失去洗衣机以及成年后痛失女儿的经历，旨在告诉人们：应把曾经拥有的人或事物看做是一种恩赐，不要因为失去了他们而深感懊恼，要为曾经拥有过他们而心存感激。
（1）考查动词。A. required“要求”；B. repaired“修理”；C. saw“看见”；D. owned“拥有”。根据下文提到由于汽油很贵，他们不能去几里远的洗衣店，可推知他家里没有洗衣机。故选D。
（2）考查动词。A. afford“负担”；B. take“拿，取”；C. have“有”；D. ride“骑”。根据上文提到由于汽油很贵可推知，他们负担不起去几英里远的洗衣店的路费。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。A. warm“温暖的”；B. nice“美好的”；C. clean“清洁的，干净的”；D. good“好的”。根据上文可知，由于他家里没有洗衣机，又负担不起去几英里远的洗衣店的路费，因此保持衣服洁净成了小约翰家的难题。故选C。
（4）考查动词。A. agreed“同意”；B. prepared“准备”；C. managed“管理”；D. desired“渴望”。根据下文可知，他们夫妻俩是一起离开的，并且还将家具寄存在了约翰家，因此这里的意思应是，他的妻子准备一起离开。故选B。
（5）考查动词。A. decided“决定”；B. offered“提供”；C. expected“预期，盼望”；D. promised“承诺”。根据上文可知，由于是家里的朋友要去参军，所以这里应是约翰家主动提议答应保管朋友的家具。故选B。
（6）考查名词。A. astonishment“惊讶，令人惊讶的事物”；B. disappointment“失望”；C. sadness“悲哀”；D. regret“遗憾“。根据上下文可知，由于约翰家没有洗衣机，所以保持衣服整洁成了约翰家的难题，当朋友建议他们家使用他的奔迪克斯洗衣机时，他们应该感到很惊讶。故选A。
（7）考查动词。A. bought“买”；B. got“得到”；C. borrowed“借”；D. used“使用”。根据第一段第一句说约翰家得到洗衣机可知，此处表达因此这就是他们如何才有洗衣机的。故选B。
（8）考查动词。A. achieved“到达”；B. reduced“减少”；C. produced“生产”；D. developed“发展”。根据上文可知，由于这几年以来小约翰经常用洗衣机帮家里洗衣服，所以应是对这台洗衣机发展出了感情。故选D。
（9）考查副词。A. obviously“明显地”；B. finally“最后，终于”；C. immediately“立即”；D. peacefully“平静地，和平地”。根据下文朋友回来将洗衣机带走了可知，此处表达的是最后这场战争结束了。故选B。
（10）考查形容词。A. upset“难过的，沮丧的”；B. frightened“害怕的”；C. hopeless“绝望的，不可救药的”；D. confused“困惑的”。根据上文约翰对这台洗衣机产生了感情，以及后来朋友回来将洗衣机带走了可知，John应该感到非常难过。故选A。
（11）考查动词。A. explained“解释”；B. encouraged“鼓励”；C. comforted“安慰”；D. taught“教”。根据上文约翰为失去洗衣机而感到难过，因此此处应是他母亲安慰他。故选C。
（12）考查副词。A. once“曾经”；B. already“已经”；C. never“从未，决不”；D. hardly“几乎不”。此处是母亲安慰John的话，其中in the first place意为“压根儿，从一开始”，此处要表达的意思是“洗衣机压根儿就不是属于我们的”。故选C。
（13）考查副词。根据上文洗衣机被带走了，母亲在安慰约翰可知，这里的意思应是“不能因为它被带走了而恼火”，take away固定短语“带走”，故选D。
（14）考查名词。A. success“成功”；B. event“事件”；C. treasure“财富，财产”；D. chance“机会”。承接上文可知，这里的意思是“让我们借这个机会为我们曾拥有过它而心存感激”。故选D。
（15）考查形容词。A. invaluable“无价的，非常贵重的”；B. important“重要的”；C. necessary“必要的”；D. reasonable“合理的”。根据下文可知，此处的意思是“数年后，这一堂课证实了它的重要性，是无价的”。故选A。
（16）考查动词。A. thought“认为”；B. struggled“挣扎”；C. missed“错过”；D. forgot“忘记”。根据上文讲约翰8岁的女儿死于白血病可推知，此处的意思应是“对于她的死，他痛苦挣扎了几个月”。故选B。
（17）考查名词。A. lesson“课程”；B. illness“病”；C. loss“失去”；D. difficulty“困难”。根据下文提到了那台失去的洗衣机可知，这里的意思应是“直到他想起那台老式的奔迪克斯洗衣机，他才从失去女儿的痛苦中走出来”。故选C。
（18）考查名词。A. gift“礼物”；B. washer“洗衣机”；C. death“死亡”；D. loser“失败者”。根据上文由他痛失女儿想到失去的那台洗衣机，而母亲告诉他洗衣机是礼物，故可以推测，此处表达他明白了一个简单的事实，女儿是礼物。故选A。
（19）考查动词。A. spend“花费”；B. live“生活”；C. share“分享”；D. earn“挣得”。根据上文可知，当他想到失去洗衣机时，母亲安慰他的话，他便开始将失去的女儿看作是一份非凡的礼物，并为能与她共度一段时光而感到庆幸。这里表示分享，故选C。
（20）考查形容词。A. grateful“感谢的”；B. energetic“精力充沛的”；C. relaxed“放松的”；D. happy“快乐的”。结合上文母亲安慰约翰不要因为失去洗衣机而难道，而让我们借这个机会为我们曾经拥有的而心存感激，故此处表达他感到感恩。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

三、阅读理解
17.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Volunteering
    Just like the animals we shelter, people are very special to us. The Animal Shelter of Sacramento County has 300 active volunteers and is always eager to add more. If you have a few hours each week and a love for dogs and cats, we at the shelter welcome your participation.
    Youth Volunteers
    Children 10 years of age or older are allowed to take part in some of our programs as youth volunteers when accompanied by an adult. The adult can be a parent, or guardian 18 years of age or older. Volunteering is rewarding for a number of reasons. Youth volunteers learn responsibility as they serve the community. Volunteers are rewarded with the love for our sheltered animals. Volunteers learn about the needs of dogs and cats and how to care for those needs.
    Youth Volunteer Qualifications
    A youth volunteer must:
    *care deeply about animals and their happiness
    *complete an application form
    *be at least 10 years of age and accompanied by an adult
    *attend a training program
    Youth Volunteer Opportunities
    Youth volunteers may fill the position of dog nuzzler, cat snuggler, or kennel aide, if there are openings. Please call our volunteer information hotline at 1-800-290-5992 to hear a recording of the positions available.
    Dog Nuzzlers
    Dogs need to exchange information with human and exercise to stay healthy and feel comfortable around people. Dog nuzzlers must be knowledgeable about dogs and able to deal with medium-sized to large-sized dogs. Youth volunteer dog nuzzlers must be able to work at least two hours between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. on either Saturdays or Sundays.
    Cat Snugglers
    Look after our cats, giving them lots of attention. Cat snugglers must be knowledgeable about cats and their needs. Youth volunteer cat snugglers must be able to work at least two hours between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. on either Saturdays or Sundays.
    Kennel Aides
    Providing food and water for the animals at the shelter is a demanding job. Kennel aides assist the Animal Shelter staff in feeding the animals in our care. Kennel aides must be able to work at least two hours between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. on either Saturdays or Sundays.
（1）What benefit can youth volunteers gain at the Animal Shelter?
A. Animals will help them kill time on weekends.
B. They will learn more about the needs of others.
C. They will learn how to apply for a job in the future.
D. Animals will bring them great pleasure in return.
（2）Which 10-year-old child can best serve at the Animal Shelter?
A. Matt, whose younger sister can come with him at 4: 00 p. m. on Saturdays.
B. Jim, who can take part with his mother on Sunday mornings.
C. Amber, who can participate with his father on weekdays.
D. Katie, whose parents have to work every day.
（3）If one is interested in Youth volunteer, what will he probably do first?
A. Serve the community.
B. Fill in the application form.
C. Call the volunteer information hotline.
D. Receive training in looking after animals.
（4）It can be inferred that dog nuzzles ________.
A. are less comfortable around large-sized dogs
B. get along better with medium-sized dogs
C. need to communicate with dogs
D. should be available the whole day on weekends
（5）The main purpose of this text is to ________.
A. look for youth volunteers
B. call on people to protect animals
C. introduce what the voluntary work is
D. teach people how to care for animals
【答案】 （1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
（5）A
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一家动物收容所招募志愿者的一则启事，文中列出了对志愿者的要求和参与方式。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Youth volunteers learn responsibility as they serve the community. Volunteers are rewarded with the love for our sheltered animals.”可知，年轻志愿者可以得到动物们给他们带来的快乐，故选D。
（2）考查细节推理。根据Youth Volunteer Qualifications部分中的“A youth volunteer must: care deeply about animals and their happiness; be at least 10 years of age and followed by a parent以及be able to work at least two hours between 9 A. M. and 5 P. M. on either Saturdays or Sundays.”可知，10岁的Jim可以在母亲的陪伴下参加周日早上的志愿者活动，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Youth Volunteer Opportunities部分中的“Youth volunteers may fill the position of dog nuzzler, cat snuggler, or kennel aide, if there are openings (空缺). Please call our volunteer information hotline at 1-800-290-5992 to hear a recording of the positions available.”可知，如果想加入要先填表再打电话咨询，故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据Dog Nuzzlers部分中中的“Dogs need to exchange information with human and exercise to stay healthy and feel comfortable around people. Dog nuzzlers must be knowledgeable about dogs and able to deal with medium-sized to large-sized dogs.”可知，狗需要跟人类沟通，所以Dog nuzzlers需要和狗狗们沟通，故选C。
（5）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The Animal Shelter of Sacramento County has 300 active volunteers and always wants to add more. If you have a few hours each week and a love for dogs and cats, we at the shelter welcome your coming.及下文的Youth Volunteer Opportunities”可知，文章是在招募年轻志愿者，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一则招聘启事，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
18.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    Your next Saturday night takeaway could be brought to you by a robot after a major food delivery company announced plans to use automated vehicles to transport meals. Europe's biggest online takeaway food company Just Eat has partnered with Starship Technologies to deliver food with robots on the streets of London later this month. "Nobody has ever done deliveries with land-based robots," said Allan Martinson, the chief operating officer of Starship.
    The robot courier can travel up to 4 miles per hour for about 10 miles. It uses a GPS signal and nine cameras to navigate (确定方向). Instead of a person arriving at their door, customers could find themselves receiving a notification on their phone that says a robot is on its way and a code to unlock the automated courier. "Put the code in, the robot opens up, and there's your food," said David Buttress, chief manager of Just Eat.
    The robot, which has so far been tested in Greenwich, Milton Keynes and Glastonbury, costs £ 1 to transport within 3 miles, compared with the £3 to £6 it costs for a human courier. To date 30 robots have driven nearly 5,000 miles without getting into an accident or finding themselves picked on by passers-by. They have driven in more than 40 cities around the world, including London and Tallinn, Estonia.
    An initial worry was how the public would react to robots. But Martinson said the public has been calm when passing the delivery machine on the streets. "The most surprising reaction has been the lack of reaction," said Martinson.
    Another significant fear was that people would disrupt (扰乱) the robots, or try to steal them and their contents. To prevent this, the robot is fitted with nine cameras, two way audio, and movement sensors that send a warning if it is lifted off the ground. And it opens only with a passcode provided to the customer via a notification. "It's much easier to shoplift than it is to steal a robot," said Martinson.
（1）Which of the following can replace the underlined word "courier" in Paragraph 2?
A. deliverer                            B. collector                            C. provider                            D. guide
（2）According to the text, the Starship robot ________.
A. opens up upon hearing the code
B. travels 10 miles per hour at most
C. finds its way by means of GPS and cameras
D. sends a message to the customer upon arrival
（3）The test of Starship robots shows that ________.
A. they are easy to operate
B. the robot delivery is appreciated in big cities
C. the robot delivery is cheaper than human delivery
D. they can travel for 10 hours continuously
（4）Which of the following is one of the worries about Starship robots?
A. Safety of the robot delivery.
B. Accuracy of the robot delivery
C. Peoples indifference to the robots.
D. People's concern about public traffic.
（5）Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Great Improvement of Just Eat
B. Global Trend of Food Companies
C. New Robots to Move on the road
D. Delivery Robots to Replace Takeaway Drivers
【答案】 （1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
（5）D
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了伦敦一家食品速递公司宣布未来会使用自动驾驶机器人送餐，目前该公司在几个城市都测试了陆地快递机器人送餐服务。未来送货机器人可能会取代人类送快递。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Your next Saturday night takeaway could be brought to you by a robot after a major food delivery company announced plans to use automated vehicles to transport meals.”可知，一家食品速递公司宣布计划使用自动驾驶机器人送餐，你下周六晚上点的外卖，说不定就由机器人送达。所以这个词是“投递”的意思，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It uses a GPS signal and nine cameras to navigate(确定方向). Instead of a person arriving at their door, customers could find themselves receiving a notification(通知) on their phone that says a robot is on its way and a code to unlock the automated courier.”可知，Starship机器人依靠全球定位系统和照相机找到路。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The robot, which has so far been tested in Greenwich, Milton Keynes and Glastonbury, costs ￡1 to transport within 3 miles, compared with the ￡3 to ￡6 it costs for a human courier.”可知，机器人送餐要比人送餐更便宜。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Another significant fear was that people would disrupt(扰乱) the robots, or try to steal them and their contents.”另一重大担忧就是担心人们干扰机器人，或是想把机器人及其所运物品偷走，可以推断出，担忧机器人运送的安全问题。故选A。
（5）考查主旨大意。纵观全文，特别是第一段中的“Your next Saturday night takeaway could be brought to you by a robot after a major food delivery company announced plans to use automated vehicles to transport meals.”一家食品速递公司宣布计划使用自动驾驶机器人送餐，你下周六晚上点的外卖，说不定就由机器人送达。可知，D项Delivery Robots to Replace Takeaway Drivers作为标题最合适。选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
19.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis's Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack's dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp.
    "So," Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. "How did this place get its name?"
    "Are you sure you want to hear it? It's a scary story," warned Jack.
    "Of course!" cried out Tom. "If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn't have chosen this place!"
    "Ok, but don't say I didn't warn you," said Jack, and he began this tale.
    "Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different—it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.
    "'You are clearing too much land,' warned one old man. 'The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. '"
    "'Silly fool,' said Dennis to himself. 'If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous!'"
    "Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants."
    "What happened?" Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.
    "The land hit back—just as the old man warned," Jack shrugged. "Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found."
    "What a stupid story," laughed Tom. "Plants can't …" Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom's face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.
（1）The underlined word "dare" in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to ________.
A. courage                        B. assistance                        C. instruction                        D. challenge
（2）Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?
A. To frighten them.
B. To satisfy their curiosity.
C. To warn them of the danger of the place.
D. To persuade them to camp in the swamp.
（3）Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?
A. The old man envied him.
B. The old man was foolish
C. He was too busy to listen to others.
D. He was greedy for more crops.
（4）Why did Tom scream and faint?
A. He saw Dennis's shadow.
B. He was scared by a plant.
C. His friends played a joke on him.
D. The weather became extremely cold.
（5）What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?
A. Grasp all, lose all.
B. No sweat, no sweet.
C. It is no use crying over spilt milk.
D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
【答案】 （1）D
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）A
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，人物故事类，记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在黑沉沉的夜晚，三个朋友马丁，汤姆和杰克来到了一片阴湿恐怖的沼泽地。篝火旁聊起了它名字的缘由。故事的主人公丹尼斯贪婪成性，乱砍乱伐。开垦地树没了，动物走了，变成了一块沼泽地。他受到大地的报应——被沼泽植物拖入水中而亡。听后，汤姆突然晕了！他脸上竟然爬满了常春藤。一个着实恐怖的笑话！
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"They liked camping, but not near this swamp."可知，男孩子们并不愿在这块沼泽地附近野营，之所以现在在这里是受到了杰克的“挑战”。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二、三、四段他们的对话可知，杰克警告他们这个故事很吓人，但经不住他们的请求还是告诉他们了，故杰克讲这个故事并不是为了吓他们，而是为了满足他们的好奇心。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第八段中"If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous！"可知，他想种更多的庄稼，变得更富，还以为别人嫉妒他。由此可知，他不听老人的劝告是因为他太贪婪，想种更多的庄稼。故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Some green swamp ivy(常春藤) had covered Tom's face."可知，他晕倒的原因是他被常春藤吓到了。故选B。
（5）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，Dennis因为贪婪，结果失去了一切，故A项“贪多必失”最恰当，选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
20.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    What makes a person a giver or taker? The idea "give vs. take" takes shape in all interactions (互动) and relationships of our lives. We're either giving advice, making time for people, or we're on the receiving end. We keep changing between the two based on different situations on a daily basis, if not an hourly one.
    According to Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, most people are matchers. They make careful observations on takers and make it a point for them to pay something back. They hate to see people who act so generously towards others not receive any rewards. Actually, most matchers will try hard to promote and support givers so that they can get the good they deserve.
    Is there a gender factor (性别因素) that plays a part in this?
    A study led by Hannah Riley Bowles, a professor at Harvard University, focused on this question. She asked 200 senior managers to sit down in pairs where one person would act as the boss and the other as an employee to discuss salary promotions. Male "employees" asked for an average salary of $146k while the females asked for only $141k. But why did they not bargain as hard as the men? Simply because they were more likely to be givers.
    As a woman, I do enjoy the act of giving up my time, my knowledge, and my care and my attention to others. I don't expect anything in return, but I do tend to pull myself away when I feel like I'm being taken for granted. I also tend to get upset when I see a loved one's continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed. So, it's safe to say I'm 50% giver, 35% matcher and 15% taker.
    I do know someone, however, who is 99% giver. They're constantly devoting their time, sharing valuable insights (洞察力) and going out of their way for everyone who crosses their path. Although they're changed the lives of many people, they rarely see any of it returned. But the universe is slowly repaying them; they're now extremely successful, well known for what they do.
（1）We can learn from the first paragraph that ________.
A. most people think they are givers
B. people are not always givers or takers
C. an individual is born to be a giver or a taker
D. few differences exist between givers and takers
（2）In Adam Grant's opinion, most people ________.
A. hate takers
B. prefer giving to taking
C. enjoy relying on themselves
D. balance giving and taking
（3）Hannah's study focused on ________.
A. the role of giving and taking in jobs
B. the gender difference in giving and taking
C. the role of men and women in society
D. the salary difference between women and men
（4）The author tends to ________.
A. think acts of kindness should be valued
B. expect something in return for giving most of the time
C. take giving for granted
D. be a complete matcher
（5）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Giving is the shortest path to success.
B. Sharing is the greatest human quality.
C. No good deed goes undone.
D. Givers are worth respecting.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）C
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，人生百味类，议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，大多数人在寻求给予和接受之间的平衡，但是好的行为最终都会得到回报。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“We're either giving advice, making time for people, or we're on the receiving end. We alternate between the two based on different situations we face on a daily basis, it not an hourly one.”可知，我们根据每天面对的不同情况在两者之间交替。我们有时是给予者有时是索取者。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“They make careful observations on takers and make it a point for them to pay something back. They hate to see people who act so generously towards others not receive any rewards. Actually, most matchers will try hard to promote and support givers so that they can get the good they deserve.”可知，在Adam Grant看来，大多数人在寻求给予和接受之间的平衡。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段可知，哈佛教授调查发现女子比男子更有可能是给予者，这表明这项实验集中于人们是给予者还是接受者的性别差异，故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“I also tend to get upset when I see a loved one's continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed.”可知，作者不期望任何回报，但作者会在觉得他的善意没有受到注意的情况下感到沮丧，所以作者认为一个人的善意应该被珍惜。故选A。
（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But the universe is slowly repaying them; they're now extremely successful, well known for what they do.”可知，好的行为最终都会得到回报，善有善报。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读表达
21.阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
    When we were growing up in our grandparents' home, Jack, my grandfather, was always in his room sitting in the chair and listening to the radio. The voices speaking from the metal box day and night, taught us that there was a larger world outside. He would roll the black dial (刻度盘) back and forth until the signal was clear. Then he would listen.
    Now he is old and falls ill. When I went to visit him, he said to me, "I dislike the Internet. The problem is that we're losing primary contact with each other. No more shaking hands. Everyone is so busy. We want too much and in the process of getting it we miss so much." He stopped for a while. "It makes me lonely and sad." Then he looked at me, "I just want to hear your voices."
    I think of all the voices on the radio he has spent a lifetime listening to. I asked, "How did you become interested in radio?" "I don't know," he said. "It was another way to reach people. I was always interested in searching for a better signal, a clearer, more powerful signal that could communicate with someone somewhere."
    "And I'll tell you another funny thing: you can electronically eliminate all kinds of noise from the signal, but you can't get rid of natural noise caused by thunder and lightning, rainstorms, or snowstorms."
    He closed his eyes and smiled. "I was just thinking that in spite of all our technologies, maybe we haven't progressed that far as human beings. We shouldn't forget we still have the same basic needs."
（1）What did Jack use to do in his room? (No more than 12 words)
（2）Why did Jack roll the black dial back and forth? (No more than 5 words)
（3）How is Jack feeling now? (No more than 8 words)
（4）What does the underlined word "eliminate" in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word)
（5）What should you do to solve the problem of losing direct contact with others? (No more than 20 words)
【答案】 （1）He used to sit in the chair, listening to his radio.
Or: He sat in the chair and listened to his radio.

（2）To find a clear signal.
（3）He is feeling lonely and sad.
（4）Remove.
（5）Open.
We should reduce the time we spend on the Internet and find more time to communicate with others.
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的祖父杰克曾经爱听收音机的习惯以及祖父杰克对互联网的看法，旨在说明我们应该减少上网的时间，多拿出些时间来与人交流，尤其应该多与老人进行直接的交流，以减少他们的孤独感。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Jack, my grandfather, was always in his room sitting in the chair and listening to the radio.”可知，作者的祖父Jack总是在他的房间里坐在椅子上，听收音机。故答案概括为：He used to sit in the chair, listening to his radio. Or: He sat in the chair and listened to his radio.
（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“He would roll the black dial（刻度盘）back and forth until the signal was clear.”他来回地拨弄着黑色表盘，直到信号清晰为止，可知，Jack这样做的目的是为了找到清晰的信号。故答案概括为：To find a clear signal.
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I dislike the Internet.以及It makes me lonely and sad.”可知，Jack不喜欢互联网，因为它使他感到孤独与悲伤.故答案概括为：He is feeling lonely and sad.
（4）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“…but you can't remove natural noise caused by thunder and lightning, rainstorms, or snowstorms.”但你却不能去除掉由雷电，暴雨，或暴风雪造成的天然的噪声）可推测，前一句“you can electronically eliminate all kinds of noise from the signal”的意思“你可以通过电子手段消除信号中的各种噪声”。因此，remove（去除）应与划线部分的单词是同义词故答案为remove。
（5）考查开放题。本题问的是：你怎样做才能解决失去与他人直接交流的问题？根据文中第二段I dislike the Internet. The problem is that we're losing primary contact with each other. No more shaking hands. Everyone is so busy.可知，由于有了互联网以后，人们都忙着上网了，才使得人们失去了直接接触的机会。故答案概括为：We should reduce the time we spend on the Internet and find more time to communicate with others.也可以发表自己的意见，但注意不要超过20个单词。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和开放题三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。
五、书面表达
22.假设你是李津，在互联网上看到英国高中生David登的一则启事：他通过媒体了解到中国改革开放四十年的巨大变化，对中国非常感兴趣，希望能结识一位中国朋友，以便了解中国的语言、文化。请你给David发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：①你怎样得知David的愿望；②你愿意成为他的朋友；③你打算如何帮助他；④你盼望他的回复。
注意：①电子邮件的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数；②词数：不少于100词。
Dear David,
    I've learned
   
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】 Dear David,
    I've learned it from the Internet that you learned about the great changes of China's reform and opening up in the past 40 years through the media and became such great interest in China. You want to make a Chinese friend so as to better understand the Chinese language and culture, and then I am the best candidate.
    I will try my best to write to you as often as possible to introduce you the Chinese culture. When you have an opportunity to come to China, I'll teach you how to speak Chinese and show you around some famous historical places of interest. Anyway, I am going to help you as much as I can. How do you think?
    I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【考点】提纲作文，文字式应用文，半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份给David发一封电子邮件。写作背景：在互联网上看到英国高中生David登的一则启事：他通过媒体了解到中国改革开放四十年的巨大变化，对中国非常感兴趣，希望能结识一位中国朋友，以便了解中国的语言、文化。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：①你怎样得知David的愿望；②你愿意成为他的朋友；③你打算如何帮助他；④你盼望他的回复。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文章思连贯，符全逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：You want to make a Chinese friend so as to better understand the Chinese language and culture, and then I am the best candidate.运用了并列句；  I will try my best to write to you as often as possible to introduce you the Chinese culture. When you have an opportunity to come to China, 运用了时间状语从句；I'll teach you how to speak Chinese and show you around some famous historical places of interest. 运用了并列句。