上海市华育中学2025学年八年级下英语期末试卷（含答案）

这是一份上海市华育中学2025学年八年级下英语期末试卷（含答案），共8页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
窗体顶端上海市华育中学2025学年八年级下英语期末试卷Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar（第二部分 词汇和语法）II. Choose the best answer to complete the passage（选择最恰当的答案完成短文）(12分)An area is considered a desert if it receives less than ten inches of rainfall per year. Most people picture sand when they think of a desert, but only ___1___ of Earth's deserts are completely covered in sand. Most of them have a thin layer of soil mixed with stone. Deserts are also known ___2___ their hot temperatures, but they can get very cold at night. Because the air is so dry, there is no moisture to keep the sun's ___3___ overnight. Once the sun sets, temperatures can fall ___4___ 30 to 40°F.Plants lose moisture through their green surfaces. For this reason, plants with many leaves usually can't ___5___ in the desert because each leaf increases a plant's total surface area.It's hard to imagine plants ___6___ in a place with so little water, but some desert plants have adapted by growing long roots. For example, the mesquite tree (枸杞树) has roots that go ___7___ underground in search of a water source. Their roots can grow 50 feet or ___8___ to tap into the water table.Some desert plants survive by staying dormant (休眠) most of the time. The ocotillo (章草鱼) looks dry and dead, but when it rains, its gray stems change ___9___. In a few days, small green leaves grow, and red flowers appear. After a few weeks, the leaves turn yellow and fall off, and the ocotillo becomes dormant again ___10___ the next rain.Plants are important in the desert. Animals use them for food and shelter, just like in other places. But in the desert, plants also ___11___ water. For example, the desert agave (沙漠龙舌兰), also called century plant, stores moisture. When the desert is very dry, many animals eat its stems to keep them ___12___.1. A. a little B. little C. a few2. A. for B. as C. to3. A. hot B. heat C. temperatures4. A. by B. at C. to5. A. survive B. die C. breathe6. A. to grow B. grew C. growing7. A. deeply B. depth C. deep8. A. above B. up C. more9. A. dramatic B. dramatical C. dramatically10. A. before B. after C. until11. A. absorb B. drink C. provide12. A. lively B. live C. aliveplete the passage with the words and phrase in the box. Each can be used only once.（从方框里选择单词或短语完成短文，每词只能用一次）（8分）A. appeared B. instead C. for example D. joining in E. dropped F. laterThere are some hobbies and sports, such as cycling and playing soccer, which are always trendy (流行的), while others go up and down on popularity. Skateboarding, ___13___, was born in the US in the 1950s and was the height of fashion in the early 1960s. But ___14___ its popularity ___15___. In the mid-1970s, a new improved board design ___16___ and young people took an interest in it again. One sport that is very popular in the UK now is "stunt scooting (特技滑板)". Young people of all ages, especially boys, are ___17___.A. simple B. indoor C. tricks D. hurting E. resources F. performing"The great thing about scooting is that you can do it anywhere," says Jack Yeomans, who spends most of his spare time stunt scooting with his friends. "You can just skate in the streets and lots of ___18___ skate training places where you can watch great players in action. Many of these have foam pits (泡沫坑) so you can practice new stunts without ___19___ yourself."There are many stunts to learn, from ___20___ jumping to turning the scooter around while in the air, 360-degree turns, and even front and back flips off high slopes (斜坡).In addition to ___21___ stunts, fans also enjoy putting some of their best ___22___ and their worst fails on films. Their stunt movies are usually made onto the Internet.V. Complete the dialogue (补全对话) (10分)Situation: Lucas and Olivia are discussing a documentary (纪录片) about ancient Chinese tea culture.Lucas: Did you watch the documentary about ancient Chinese tea culture on CCTV-10 last nightOlivia: No, I didn't. (23) I was ____________ busy ____________. (完成结果状语从句)Lucas: It was fantastic. It showed the long history of Chinese tea.Olivia: Could you tell me (24) _______________________________________ (根据回答补全宾语从句)Lucas: Well, Chinese people started growing and making tea drinks thousands of years ago.Olivia: I wonder (25) __________________________________________ in their lives. (根据回答补全宾语从句)Lucas: Tea was quite important in these people's lives. It was widely enjoyed by people of all ages. Ancient people created many tea customs.Olivia: They kept these customs (26) ___________________________________ I think. (完成目的状语从句)Lucas: I agree. It is a wise way to pass down their traditional culture. Besides, the documentary also introduced tea houses in old times.Olivia: I believe that tea culture in ancient China was truly amazing.Lucas: Exactly! (27) ______________________________________________ (完成一句感叹句)Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 阅读与写作）VI. Reading comprehension. (阅读理解)A. Read the passages and complete the task (根据以下内容完成任务) (每题 2 分，共 8 分)Situation: Six students are talking about possible natural disasters risks in their areas. What safety tips do they need to remember Match each student (1-6) with the proper safety advice (A-G). Each piece of advice can be used only once.Students Their situations___28___ David I just moved to an area that experiences regular earthquakes. I'm not sure what to do when the ground starts shaking! ___29___ Sophia I live near the coast. During the summer, typhoons might bring strong winds and heavy rain. I'm worried about how to stay safe during a storm. ___30___ Noah My hometown gets hit by heavy snow every winter. The snow can get very deep and block roads! ___31___ Mia There is a big forest near my town. In the summer, hot and dry weather can cause wildfires. How can I protect myself and my family if a wildfire happens nearby ___32___ Ethan My village is near a river. When it rains too much, the water level rises quickly and floods the roads. What can — and should — I do during a flood ___33___ Chloe My school is going to teach us about tornado (龙卷风) safety. I want to learn the most important steps for staying safe when a tornado warning is issued. A. Stay indoors and away from windows. Use sandbags to prevent water from entering your home. If you need to move around, carefully walk through shallow (浅的) water. B. Move to a low-lying room in the center of the ground floor, like a bathroom. Stay away from windows, doors and outside walls. Cover your head to protect yourself from flying objects. C. If you are inside, drop to the ground, take cover under a strong table, and hold on until the shaking stops. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture that could fall. D. Close all windows and doors. Stay inside and avoid going out. Do not touch fallen power lines, as they can be very dangerous. E. Keep warm and stay inside. Avoid driving in heavy snow. Store enough food, water and warm clothes before the storm arrives. F. If you are outdoors, move to a safe place as quickly as possible. Stay low to the ground and cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth. Follow the instructions from local officials. G. Listen to weather reports early on. If you live in a high-risk area, prepare an emergency bag containing food, water and important documents. Make sure you know the location of the nearest safe place.B. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)（10分）Lewis Hamilton couldn't stop smiling during the press conference (新闻发布会) after the 2026 Chinese Grand Prix (F1中国大奖赛). But it wasn't just because of his own podium (领奖台) finish. He kept looking at Kimi Antoelli. The Mercedes driver had just scored his first Formula 1 victory."It's truly special to get your first Grand Prix win," said Hamilton. "Mine came at the 2007 Canadian Grand Prix."Antoelli smiled and jumped in. "I was one year old then, by the way!"Now, 19, Antoelli had become the second-youngest driver (车手) at the 2026 Formula 1 championship. He won the Chinese Grand Prix with a 1-0 victory.The victory marked another high point in Antoelli's fast-rising career. At the end of 2024, Hamilton, who had brought Mercedes countless wins, announced that he would leave for Ferrari. The team then chose Antoelli to replace him. Opportunities like this rarely come to drivers so young.But Mercedes had good reason to put its faith in Antoelli. The team noticed his talent as soon as he started racing go-karts (卡丁车) as a junior. The young driver was fast-tracked into Formula 2, skipping Formula 3 altogether. Then, in 2024, Mercedes put him through a tough private testing program to prepare him for his 2025 debut.Antoelli faced many challenges during his rookie season (新赛季). There was a mid-season drop in performance and a couple of crashes. But Mercedes believed the young driver simply needed time to grow.This season, Mercedes introduced a powerful new car and engine. At the same time, Antoelli himself was maturing (变得成熟). According to Mercedes team principal Toto Wolff, the young man had become better at learning from failure. He has also improved the way he communicates with the engineers. In Formula 1, teamwork can make or break a race.Standing on the podium, Antonelli finally realized how big his achievement was. Tears of excitement filled his eyes. The Italian national anthem (国歌) had not been heard at an F1 race since 2006. Yet Antonelli is already looking ahead. "We' re just at the beginning," he said. Clearly, this young driver hopes his win in Shanghai will become the kind of career-defining moment that Hamilton had in Canada in 2007.34. When and where did Lewis Hamilton get his first Grand Prix winA. In 2007 in Canada. B. In 2024 in China. C. In 2006 in Malaysia. D. In 2025 in Germany.35. Mercedes chose Antonelli to replace Hamilton because he ________.A. And had rich experience in F3 racingB. had a very good relationship with HamiltonC. had shown great talent in racing from an early ageD. had won many F1 races although he was still young36. What does the underlined word "debut" most probably meanA. 日常训练 B. 职业生涯准备 C. 公开首秀 D. 假期休整37. According to Toto Wolff, in what ways has Antoelli improved① Avoiding crashes. ② Learning from failure.③ Communicating with his teammates. ④ Getting used to new cars and engines.A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④38. What is the author's attitude toward Antoelli's futureA. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Hopeful. D. Uninterested.39. This article mainly introduces ________.A. the history of Italian drivers in F1 racesB. the competition between Hamilton and AntoelliC. Mercedes' secret to making powerful new F1 carsD. Kimi Antoelli's first Grand Prix win and his growthC. Choose the best answer to complete the passage. (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) (12分)Friendship is one of the most precious treasures in our lives. It brings us warmth, courage and happiness as we grow up. True friends never leave us when we are in trouble and ___40___ share our joy when we succeed.Sometimes, we may disagree with our friends and even have small fights. Bad moods can make us angry and cause us to hurt each other's feelings. A wise person will put aside his or her emotions (情绪) and think twice before speaking instead of blaming (责怪) others. Good ___41___ can often help solve problems between friends.In modern life, many friends stay in touch online. Messages and short videos make it easy to connect with each other. However, online contact cannot fully replace face-to-face conversations. To keep a friendship strong, we need to ___42___ enough time for our friends and listen patiently to their true feelings.True friendship never depends on looks or wealth. It is built on trust and respect. Some people make friends only for personal gain, and such relationships usually do not last long. Only sincere hearts can ___43___ a lifelong friendship.We should remember that nobody is perfect. Our friends have shortcomings, just like we do. If we always focus on their weaknesses, we will feel disappointed. Learning to accept differences is an important ___44___ of keeping long-lasting friendships.Besides, honesty matters a lot. Lies can destroy trust little by little. Once trust is lost, it is hard to rebuild. So, we should always be truthful with our friends and never ___45___ them for our own benefit.Cherish our true friends. They encourage us to move forward, remind us to stay modest (谦逊的) and help us become more responsible people.40. A. never B. always C. rarely D. sometimes41. A. communication B. education C. introduction D. preparation42. A. cost B. waste C. lose D. spare43. A. destroy B. build C. value D. record44. A. mistake B. skill C. result D. reason45. A. praise B. trust C. hurt D. greetD. Read the passage and complete the tasks(根据短文内容，完成任务) (46-50题，每题2分，51题，5分；共15分）Standing in Steve Mann's lab at the University of Toronto may be the closest thing to stepping inside his brain. Circuit boards, old computers and other electronics fill every corner. Boxes of manuals (说明书) and tools are piled (堆放) so high that they nearly touch the ceiling (天花板).Mann, a professor at the university, keeps it this way on purpose. "Since childhood, I've been interested in how things work," he says. "I've always filled my space with all kinds of cool, techy things."Indeed, Mann, now 63, has always had a sense of wonder about technology. When he was four, his grandfather taught him to weld (焊接). The boy noticed that the small window of the protective helmet (头盔) almost completely blocked his view. Mann kept this "problem" in mind for years. Finally, in 1993, he came up with a solution: HDR. The technology combines (混合) images with different exposures (曝光量) to create a clearer picture. It's now used everywhere, from digital cameras to smartphones.As a teenager, Mann volunteered at a repair shop. Using the spare parts in the shop, he built his first wearable computer, the WearCom. It weighed about 36 kilograms. Mann admits it was inconvenient to use, but it worked.Bit by bit, Mann made his wearable computer smaller, lighter and more useful. With the development of HDR, it finally became the EyeTap. It's likely the world's first pair of smart glasses. Mann was so proud that he wore it almost 24/7. But many people thought it was strange. Some even crossed the street to avoid Mann.Beyond HDR and the EyeTap, Mann also created a smartwatch videophone, 16 years before the Apple Watch hit the market. "A lot of what I do seems ahead of its time," he says. "Most of my ideas come to me in dreams. Somehow, they walk into the future."Mann still has plenty to say about where technology is headed. Hopefully, we'll all start listening.Task 1 Answer the questions according to the passage46. When did Steve Mann invent HDR technology____________________________________________________________________________________________47. Why is Mann's lab full of techy things____________________________________________________________________________________________48. What problem did Mann find when he learned to weld at the age of four____________________________________________________________________________________________49. How did Mann improve his first wearable computer, WearCom____________________________________________________________________________________________50. What word(s) would you use to describe Mann Why____________________________________________________________________________________________Task 2 Write about 30 words to finish the task below (续写结尾)51. Mann says that most of his ideas come to him in dreams. Where do your best ideas usually come from________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1-12 CABCAC CCCCCC13-17 CFEAD 18-22 BDAFC23. too; to watch it24. when Chinese people started growing and making tea drinks25. how important tea was26. so that they could pass down traditional tea culture27. How amazing the ancient Chinese tea culture was!28-33 CDEFAB34-39 ACCBCD40-45 BADBBC46. In 1993.47. Because he has been interested in how things work since childhood and likes collecting techy things.48. The small window of the protective helmet almost completely blocked his view.49. He made it smaller, lighter and more useful step by step.50. Creative and forward-looking. Because he invented many tech products ahead of time.51. My best ideas usually come from observing daily life. Watching how things work in daily scenes always inspires me a lot to think of new plans.