英语八年级上册（2024）Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A Grammar Focus精品课后测评

这是一份英语八年级上册（2024）Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A Grammar Focus精品课后测评，共4页。
当进行三者或三者以上事物比较时，可以用形容词或副词的最高级形式来表示。
比较级的构成规则
一般在词尾加-est：tall--tallest；lng--lngest
以不发音的e结尾，直接加-st：nice--nicest；huge--hugest
重读闭音节的单词，当词尾只有一个辅音字母时，要先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-est：fat--fattest；big--biggest；ht--httest
以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，将y改为i，再加-est：busy---busiest；heavy--heaviest
注意：
dry的比较级为driest
shy的比较级为shyest
部分双音节词和多音节词在其前面加mst构成比较级：beautiful--mst beautiful；ppular--mst ppular
注意：
以-y；-ly等后缀构成的双音节派生词和以形容词前缀un-开头的三音节词，末尾加-est构成比较级：friendly--friendliest；healthy--healthiest；unhappy--unhappiest；lvely--lveliest
以加-ing；-ed；-ful；-us等后缀构成的派生词在单词前加mst构成比较级：helpful--mst helpful；tired--mst tired；famus--mst famus
不规则变化：
gd/well--best；bad/badly/ill--wrst；many/much--mst；little--least；far--farthest/furthest；ld--ldest/eldest
注意：
ldest即可以修饰物，也可以修饰人；eldest只表示“年龄最老的”。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式
最高级的具体用法
the+最高级(+n.)+比较范围
比较范围通常为in/f/amng...介词短语或从句。
He is the tallest by in ur class. 他是我们班最高的男孩。
Safety is the mst imprtant f all. 安全是最重要的。
This is the mst interesting bk that I’ve ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。
ne f the +最高级+可数名词复数
此结构表示“...中最...的之一”。
The Amazn River is ne f the lngest rivers in the wrld. 亚马逊河是世界上最长的河之一。
Munt Taishan is ne f the mst ppular turist attractins in China. 泰山是中国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。
Which/Wh...+最高级，A,B r C / 比较范围?
Which cat is the cheapest, the red ne, the yellw ne r the black ne? 哪件外套最便宜，红色的、黄色的还是黑色的？
Wh runs fastest in yur class? 你们班谁跑得最快？
the+序数词+最高级
Hainan Island is the secnd largest island in China. 海南岛是中国第二大岛。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
—Hw is yur new schl, Tm?
—It’s great! The teachers are friendly here, and the campus (校园) is ________ in the city.
A．the mst beautiful B．mre beautifulC．beautifulD．the mre beautiful
—Of all the subjects, I think Chinese is ______.
—I think s.
A．interestingB．mre interestingC．mst interestingD．the mst interesting
The Yellw River is the ________ river in China.
A．secnd lngB．secnd lngestC．secnd lngerD．tw lngest
Amng all the vehicles (交通工具), the plane is ________ ne these days.
A．safeB．saferC．the saferD．the safest
The htel is very ld. It’s ne f _______ in the city.
A．the ldest buildingB．lder buildings
C．the ldest buildingsD．ld building
Skating is ne f ________ sprts in winter. Teenagers lve t play in the snw.
A．ppularB．mre ppularC．the mst ppularD．the least ppular
The African elephant is the secnd ________ land animal in the wrld, just behind the Asian elephant.
A．largerB．largeC．the largestD．largest
Tianshui, a new ppular spt fr Ht Pt, is ________city in Gansu Prvince.
A．secnd largestB．secnd largerC．the secnd largeD．the secnd largest
Wh sings ________, Tm, Jack r Bill?
A．mre beautifulB．mre beautifullyC．the mst beautifullyD．the mst beautiful
—The app Duyin is a hit amng the yung peple in China.
—Yes. It’s ne f _________ apps I’ve ever used.
A．gdB．betterC．the bestD．the wrse
比较级形式表示最高级含义
比较级+than+any+ther+单数名词
比较级+than+the ther+复数名词
这两个结构用于同一范围内的比较，表示“...比任何其他的...更...”，实际含义也就是前者是同一范围内最...的一个，表示最高级含义。
Mike is taller than any ther by in his class. 迈克比班上任何其他男孩都高。(迈克是班上最高的男孩)
Asia is bigger than the ther cntinents n the earth.亚洲是地球上最大的洲。
比较级+than+anything/anyne else
Time is mre valuable than anything else. 时间是最宝贵的。
否定词与比较级连用
N ne is mre careful than Tm. 没有人比Tm更认真了。(Tm是最认真的)
I can’ agree with yu mre. 我完全同意你的看法。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
—Many actrs are in My Peple, My Cuntry. Wh d yu think act ________?
—Of curse Mr. Huang. We can’t find ________ ne.
A．better; a bestB．a better; best
C．best; a betterD．a best; better
—Tm, why d s many peple chse t visit Jiachang rad in Kunming in May?
—Because they think the Jacaranda mimsiflia (蓝花楹) is ________ than any ther flwer.
A．mre beautifulB．beautifulC．mst beautifulD．much beautiful
—D yu knw Shanghai is ne f ________ cities in the wrld?
—Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China.
A．the biggest; any therB．the biggest; any
C．bigger; any therD．bigger; the ther
—What d yu think f the talent shw?
—It’s excellent! I’ve never seen a ________ ne than this.
A．betterB．the wrstC．wrseD．the best
The pllutin here culdn’t be ________. There was a heavy smke with terrible smell.
A．badB．wrseC．wrstD．better
—What d yu think f his drawing?
—Oh, n ne draws ________.
A．gdB．wellC．betterD．best
使用最高级的注意事项
形容词最高级前的the一般不能省略；副词最高级前的the可以省略。
He is the cleverest student in ur schl. 他是我们学校最聪明的学生。
He run (the) fastest in ur schl. 他是我们学校跑的最快地。
形容词最高级前省略the的情况
表示“非常”
It’s a mst imprtant prblem. 这是个非常重要的问题。
形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰
These are her best shes. 这是她最好的鞋子。
两个形容词最高级修饰同一个名词时，后一个最高级前的the通常省略
This is the biggest and newest rm in ur htel. 这是我们旅馆最大最新的房间。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
—Andy! Harry Ptter and the Gblet f Fire is ________ best film I have ever seen.
—I can’t agree mre. I have never seen ________ better ne befre.
A．the; theB．/; theC．a; aD．the; a
—Why is Danny s ppular with his classmates?
—Because he can sing ________ in his class.
A．mre beautifullyB．mst beautifullyC．mre beautifulD．less beautifully
—I think the mbile phne is __________ f all.
—I dn’t agree with yu.
A．mre usefulB．the mre useful
C．mst usefulD．the mst useful
—Which is ________ seasn in yur hmetwn?
—I think it’s spring. Everything is s beautiful in the spring.
A．niceB．nicerC．nicestD．the nicest
Jim runs the ________ f the three.
A．quickestB．mre quicklyC．quickerD．mst quickly
—Lucy is ne f ________ students in ur class. She is very ppular amng us.
—What a nice girl! Her parents must be prud f her.
A．the friendliestB．mst successfulC．mre utgingD．calmer
单元语法基础练习
单项填空
Amng all muntains in China, Munt Tai is nt nly ________ than any ther muntains, but als ________, said by turists arund the wrld.
A．higher; the mst beautifulB．the highest; mre beautiful
C．high; the mst beautifulD．higher; mre beautiful
—Tny always arrives __________ amng us.
—Yes, he likes t be prepared fr everything in advance.
A．earlierB．laterC．the earliestD．the latest
—What d yu think f yur cusin?
—I think he is ________ f all the bys and girls here.
A．funnyB．funnierC．funniestD．the funniest
—What d yu think f the mvie Ne Zha 2?
—It’s fantastic and it’s ne f ________ films during the Spring Festival.
A．the mst ppularB．mre ppular
C．less ppular D．ppular
Dianchi Lake in Kunming is ne f ________ freshwater lakes in China.
A．largeB．the largestC．largerD．largest
—Which river is ________, the Yangtze River r the Yellw River?
—The Yangtze River. It is the third ________ river in the wrld.
A．lnger; lngB．lngest; lngC．lngest; lngerD．lnger; lngest
Paul lves animals, s he lks after Mary’s pet dg ________ f all her friends.
A．mre carefulB．the mst carefulC．the mst carefullyD．mre carefully
Befre the sprts meeting, Tm trained ________ than his teammates, but Jerry practised ________ f all, s Jerry wn the champinship at last.
A．harder; hardestB．hard; harder
C．mre hard; mst hardestD．hardest; harder
—Which clthes stre is ________, Miller’s r Blue Mn?
—Miller’s, f curse. And yu can buy clthes ________ there in twn.
A．the better; the mst cheaplyB．better; the cheapest
C．better; mst cheaplyD．mre gd; cheapest
—D yu like eating sea fd?
—Of curse. Nthing can be ________.
A．deliciusB．much delicius
C．mre deliciusD．mst delicius
—Wh sings ________ f the three girls?
—Mary. I think n ne sings ________ beautifully than her.
A．better; the mstB．better; mre
C．the best; the mstD．the best; mre
—Educatin helps us make chices much mre ________.
—I culdn’t agree ________. My dream is t g t cllege.
A．wisely; lessB．wisely; mreC．wise; lessD．wise; mre
The film is ne f ________ that I’ve ever seen. I almst fell asleep in the cinema.
A．the mst interestingB．the least interesting
C．the mst bredD．the least bring
—China is ver 5000 years ld. It’s ne f ________ cuntries in the wrld.
—Yes. It has much ________ histry than the US.
A．ld; lngB．the lder; lnger
C．the ldest; the lngestD．the ldest; lnger
China is almst as ________ as the US, and it is the ________ cuntry in Asia.
A．big; biggerB．big; biggest
C．bigger; biggestD．big; big
—Mary lks s slim.
—Yes. She eats the ________ meat and the ________ vegetables f us.
A．least; mstB．fewest; mstC．mst; fewestD．fewest; least
用所给词的适当形式填空，或填写适当的词使语法正确并且句意完整。
The Mga Caves are ne f the (large) stne-carved art treasures in the wrld.
The by has the (little) milk f the three.
Wh d yu think is (funny), Mark, Claire, r Sue?
I think rses are the (nice) f all the flwers.
I have the (few) bks f the six students.
I think he can jump (far) f us all and he will g abrad (在国外) fr (far) study.
Central Park is ne f the (imprtant) public parks in New Yrk.
Munt Huang is ne f the (amazing) muntains in China.
It is als ne f the wrld’s (imprtant) wetlands.
The Spring Festival is ne f the (ht) festivals in China.
The (three) lngest river in the wrld is the Yangtze River.
Steve is the secnd (tall) student in ur class.
Of the three pst ffices, this ne is the (clse) t my huse.
I think Jack writes (careful) f all the students. He seldm makes mistakes.
I think she dances (gd) in ur class.
Wh sings the (ludly), Susan, Betty r Karen?
—What d yu think f this kind f clay art?
—Great! I have never seen a (beautiful) ne.
Nbdy is (clever) than Jane in ur class.
Lucy is (thin) than any ther student in her class.
Accrding t Guinness Wrld Recrds (世界吉尼斯纪录), Jeanne Luise Calment f France is the wrld’s wman, at 122 years 164 days. (ld)
翻译句子。
非洲象是最大的陆地动物。

这三个孩子当中，吉姆写作业最慢，但是犯错往往也最少。

我觉得胡萝卜是最健康的蔬菜之一。

长城是世界上最著名的地方之一。

洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖。

你最喜欢哪项运动，游泳，跑步还是打篮球？

汤姆是我们班最有趣的男孩。(用两种结构翻译)


单元语法提升练习
语法选择
The giraffe has a very lng neck and fur lng and thin legs. It is the tallest living animal n land. Its frnt legs are 1 than its back legs. An adult giraffe can be five meters tall. It can run very 2 —abut 30 miles an hur. It is brwn and yellw.
Giraffes are frm Africa. They can 3 up t 25 years in the wild. They d nt like being alne and they live in grups f six r mre. T find fd, they travel ver 4 large area and dn’t have a fixed (固定的) hme. They spend mst f a day 5 . The leaves, flwers and fruit at the tp f trees 6 their main fd, and they als eat grass and plants.
A mther giraffe is pregnant (怀孕的) 7 abut 15 mnths and nly has ne baby. It gives birth while standing up. 8 a baby giraffe’s first experience in the wrld is t fall several meters frm the grund! Within ne hur f being brn, the baby giraffe is n its feet searching fr milk frm 9 mther. The baby giraffe can weigh 60 kils at birth and it stps grwing when it is 10 years ld.
1．A．lngB．lngerC．the lngest
2．A．fastB．fastlyC．faster
3．A．livedB．are livingC．live
4．A．aB．anC．the
5．A．eatB．eatingC．t eat
6．A．isB．areC．were
7．A．frmB．byC．fr
8．A．SB．ButC．When
9．A．itB．it’sC．its
10．A．tenthB．tenC．the ten
完形填空
Octpuses (章鱼) are smart sea animals. They have special ways t keep themselves 1 . Since they dn’t have teeth r claws (爪子), they have learned clever ways t escape frm danger,
One way is 2 . Octpuses ften hide in the sand at the bttm f the sea. Because their bdies are very 3 , they can get int small spaces between rcks t stay safe.
Anther way is changing clur. Octpuses can change the clur f their skin t lk like the sand r rcks arund them. This clur change 4 them t stay hidden frm ther animals.
Octpuses can als sht dark 5 int the water. The ink makes a clud that cnfuses (迷惑) ther animals, giving the ctpus time t swim away. It’s like a magic 6 !
It can als make itself lk like a sea snake by hiding its bdy in the sand and sticking ut tw arms. The arms will change clur t lk like a snake and 7 the enemy away.
And if there’s n time t hide, the ctpus can 8 ne f its arms! The arm will keep mving t distract (迷惑) the enemy while the ctpus swims away. Dn’t 9 —the arm will grw back later!
Octpuses are truly amazing animals with 10 ways t stay safe!
1．A．warmB．happyC．safeD．healthy
2．A．swimmingB．jumpingC．fightingD．hiding
3．A．lngB．thickC．sftD．hard
4．A．stpsB．helpsC．warnsD．frces
5．A．inkB．lightC．sundD．wind
6．A．trickB．replyC．clckD．day
7．A．giveB．takeC．putD．scare
8．A．break ffB．raise upC．shw ffD．fix up
9．A．cuntB．acceptC．wrryD．push
10．A．dangerusB．stupidC．cleverD．hnest
语法填空
A
Giraffes are the wrld’s tallest land animal. At birth, a baby giraffe is abut 1.8 metres tall and weighs abut 68 kilgrams.
A giraffe’s tngue (舌头) is usually black, blue 1 purple. It can be abut 50 cm lng. That means the animal can use its tngue 2 (get) fd high in the tree. Healthy giraffes can live abut 25 years in the wild. In the z, they can live 28 years r lnger.
Giraffes ften live in grups f 10 t 20. A grup f giraffes is called a “twer”. Giraffes’ grups can change every day, even frm hur 3 hur. A “twer” f giraffes yu see tday might nt be the same ne yu see tmrrw. It’s amazing, isn’t it? Living in grups ffers many 4 (advantage) t giraffes. It helps giraffes share infrmatin abut fd and water and prvides 5 (safe) in numbers in a “twer”.
Giraffes play 6 imprtant rle in nature. But nw they are in truble. The number f giraffes is getting smaller. Peple 7 (hunt) giraffes fr a lng time fr their meat, cats and tails. Habitat lss (栖息地丧失) is 8 (big) prblem amng the nes they face nw.
Giraffes are 9 (true) special animals. Learning abut the prblems they face helps us prtect them. By sharing these wnderful facts, we can help d smething t make sure giraffes and 10 (they) hmes are safe fr the future.
B
Hummingbirds are beautiful birds. These amazing birds live in Nrth and Suth America. Many f 1 (they) are quite tiny. Actually, they are 2 (small) birds in the wrld, sme are nly six centimeters lng. Hwever, they are famus 3 flying fast. They can fly up t 48 kilmeters 4 hur! Hummingbirds mve their wings very fast. They can fly straight up r hver (盘旋), just like helicpters (直升机). These little birds can als fly backward! D yu knw 5 they are called hummingbirds? Because when they fly, their wings make a humming sund. Their wings hum because they beat s fast, many times every secnd. And that 6 (take) a lt f energy. S they’re always busy lking fr fd. Hummingbirds have n sense f smell , but they can see 7 (real) well. They like 8 (clr) flwers. They always fly arund flwers 9 (lk) fr fd. They just need fd s much that they have t eat every 10-15 110 (minute)! Actually, they can eat half their weight in sugar every day.
补全语篇
The chrysanthemum (菊花) is a very ppular flwer in China. The beautiful flwer has many meanings in Chinese culture.
The chrysanthemum is knwn as ne f the “Fur Gentlemen in Plants”. The ther three are the plum blssm, the rchid, and bamb. 1
The chrysanthemum cmes ut in bright clrs during cld autumn days, when mst flwers die. They are beautiful, strng and tugh. S the flwer greatly inspired (激励) Chinese pets. They used it t represent (代表) themselves in their wrks.
2 He nce wrte a pem abut living as a hermit (隐士). He shwed hw he lved the chrysanthemum and used it t shw his spirits in the pem.
“I pluck chrysanthemums under the eastern fence (篱笆). Carefree, I catch the sight f Suthern Muntain,” Ta wrte in his pem. 3
But chrysanthemums are nt nly fund in Chinese pems. 4 The Chngyang Festival falls n the ninth day f the ninth mnth in the lunar calendar (阴历). On that day, drinking wine (酒) made frm chrysanthemums is a ppular traditin. Chrysanthemum tea is als usually seen n Chinese dinner tables. 5
In a wrd, the chrysanthemum has brught great influence t peple’s life.
A．They are als part f Chinese fd.
B．Frm then n, the chrysanthemum has becme the symbl f the hermit.
C．In the past, all f them std fr nble qualities (高尚的品质).
D．Ta Yuanming was a famus pet.
E．It is tasty and peple believe it is gd fr their health.
阅读理解
A
①The fastest grwing plant in the wrld is bamb. Sme bamb grws s quickly that peple say they can watch it grw. The speed f grwth depends n the type f bamb, the sil and the seasn. Nrmal bamb grws abut 30cm a day. It usually grws in trpical areas (热带地区). It can als be fund in ther parts f the wrld. Bamb plants are fund in Asia, parts f Africa and Suth America.
②Bamb is a wnderful plant fr many peple arund the wrld. There are ver 1, 000 uses fr it. Peple make tables, clthes, and it is als edible (可食用的).
③________ Peple use it because it’s very strng. They use it t build huses, bats and bridges. The Chinese made a bamb bridge ver the Min River in Sichuan, China almst 1,000 years ag. Bamb is used t build huses especially in China and the Philippines.
④Bamb is the earliest material used t make the light bulb. The great scientist Thmas Edisn did nt invent the light bulb, but he made it perfect. He wanted the material inside t burn fr a lng perid f time. He tried ver 1,000 different types f materials. Nne wrked very well. One day, he tried t use a piece f bamb and the light bulb lit up fr ver a thusand hurs. This inventin helped ther scientists t make the mdern light bulb we use tday.
1．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．Bamb can’t be eaten.
B．Bamb was used in building 1,000 years ag.
C．Bamb is strnger than ther materials.
D．Bamb was the earliest material.
2．Which sentence can be put in the “________”?
A．The lvely pandas ften feed n bamb.
B．Peple planted bamb hundreds f years ag.
C．One f the wrld’s ldest building materials is bamb.
D．Bamb that grws in trpical frests is usually tall and large.
3．What is the purpse f writing the passage?
A．T let readers knw the imprtance f bamb.
B．T learn hw t build a huse with bamb.
C．T learn hw t prtect bamb.
D．T knw hw t plant bamb.
4．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．All types f bamb grw 30cm a day.
B．Bamb can nly be fund in trpical areas.
C．The Chinese built a bamb bridge ver the Min River abut 1,000 years ag.
D．Thmas Edisn invented the light bulb with the bamb material.
5．Which f the fllwing shws the structure f this passage?
A．B．C．D．
B
Imagine if animals culd jin the Olympic Games! They’d need three different gld medals fr the champins (冠军) f speed n land, in the sea, and in the sky. On grund, the cheetah wuld race past everyne, a sailfish wuld swim t victry at 110 km/h. And up in the air, a peregrine falcn (游隼) wuld fly dwn at an amazing speed f 320 km/h. These are the speediest animals in their envirnments.
Cheetahs are like super-fast sprts cars f the animal wrld. They breathe super quick and their lng tails help them turn arund crners like race car drivers. They’re s fast that they can g frm standing still t racing faster than mst cars in just a few secnds!
In the cean, sailfish are the fastest swimmers. They lk pretty special with their lng, swrd-like nses and big fins that lk like sails. They can swim thrugh water s fast and even jump ut f it, making them really fun t watch.
High up in the sky, peregrine falcns are the speediest. They have dark feathers n their heads, lking like they’re wearing racing helmets. When they dive, they g s fast that they can knck ther birds ut cld befre catching them.
S, where d humans stand in this super-fast animal wrld? Well, with a tp speed f 25 km/h, we might end up in a tie with elephants—nt exactly recrd-breaking! Gd thing the actual Olympics are just fr humans.
1．Hw fast can a cheetah run?
A．25 km/h.B．110 km/h.C．120 km/h.D．320 km/h.
2．What makes the sailfish the fastest animal in the sea?
A．Its ability t fly.B．Its dark feathers.C．Its lng tail.D．Its large fins and swrd-like nse.
3．What des the underlined wrd prbably mean “helmets” in the text?
A．刹车B．头盔C．方向盘D．围巾
4．What is the structure f the passage? (P：Paragraph)
A．B．C．D．
5．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．The animal Olympic Games
B．The animals that run faster than Olympic champins
C．The mst dangerus animals t humans
D．The Fastest Animals n Land, in the Sea, and in the Air
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阅读下面的短文，根据其内容填空。
Wh is the greatest architect（建筑师）in the animal kingdm? The answer is the beaver（河狸）. Beavers are very gd at building their hmes.
Beavers have large teeth. Their upper incisrs（门牙）are abut 20 t 25 mm lng, accrding t Live Science. They cntinue t grw thrughut a beaver’s lifetime. T keep their teeth sharp, beavers have t bite and break tree branches, which they als use t build their huses.
Their huses lk like dmes（圆顶状物）. They usually build their huses in the middle f rivers, with just ne underwater entrance. They als use branches, trees and mud t make dams（大坝）. The wrld’s largest beaver dam is 850 meters lng and lcated at the edge f a lake in nrthern Alberta. Scientists used a satellite（卫星）t take a picture f it in 2007. They believe several generatins（几代）f beavers have been wrking n this dam since the 1970s.
Beavers’ dams can help t frm wetlands, which can create a nice envirnment fr ther animals.
They can als purify（净化） water by using their dams t stp sme dirt frm entering dwnstream areas.
1．Beaver is the greatest .
2．Beavers’ teeth cntinue until they die.
3．They have t bite and break tree branches their teeth sharp.
4．They make dams by using and mud.
5．Beavers’ dams are frm wetlands and create a nice envirnment fr ther animals.
【主要内容】
【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Sectin A；Grammar和Sectin B三个部分。
Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。
Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，有单项填空、翻译句子、语篇填空、补全对话、完形填空、阅读理解等丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。
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