2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 024-课时作业24 UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 024-课时作业24 UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE（教用），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，5分，共20分），tailr-made adj等内容，欢迎下载使用。
分值：47.5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分）
A
（2025·全国二，D）
Des yur sul die a little every time yu thrw away unused fd? Mine des. Maybe that feeling cmes frm grwing up in Suth Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was mre f an uncmfrtable reminder f fact than a prayer at dinner time.
Fd waste is a grwing cncern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. Frm technlgical slutins t educatinal campaigns, fd prducers and sellers are lking fr ways t use mre f what we're already grwing. But last mnth, ne ppular New Yrk City restaurant tried a different way:It changed its menu t exclusively（专门） ffer fd that wuld therwise be thrwn away.
Fr tw weeks in March, Greenwich Village's Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver's vegetable salad. Each dish was tailr-made t raise awareness regarding fd waste.
A study by the Fd Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 punds f fd waste fr every ＄1,000 in revenue（收入）, and f that waste nly 15.7% is dnated r recycled. Up t 84.3% is simply thrwn ut. Restaurants like Sil in the UK have experimented with zer-waste systems, but wastED tk the cncept t its lgical cnclusin.
It shuld be nted that nne f the items n wastED's menu was technically made frm garbage. Instead, all the ingredients（配料） used were examples f meat cuts and prduce that mst restaurants wuld never cnsider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish cllars, rejected sweet ptates, and cucumber butts were all re-apprpriated and, with the help f a number f gd chefs, turned int excellent cuisine.
Thugh wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed frm the start as a shrt-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned t its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways t address prblems f sustainability, and that yu can make an amazing meal ut f almst anything.
1．What can be inferred abut the authr's early life?
A．He witnessed fd shrtage.B．He enjyed the lcal cuisine.
C．He dnated fd t Africans.D．He helped t ck at hme.
2．Why did Blue Hill carry ut the experiment?
A．T custmize dishes fr guests.
B．T make the public aware f fd waste.
C．T test a fd prcessing methd.
D．T imprve the UK's zer-waste systems.
3．What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A．Why the ingredients were used.
B．Which dishes were best liked.
C．What the dishes were made f.
D．Where the ingredients were bught.
4．What can we learn abut wastED?
A．It has ended as planned.B．It is creating new jbs.
C．It has regained ppularity.D．It is criticized by tp chefs.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．C
4．A
【解析】
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Maybe that feeling cmes frm grwing up in Suth Africa, where the phrase ‘there are children starving in Africa’ was mre f an uncmfrtable reminder f fact...”可知，“非洲有孩子在挨饿”是对现实的提醒而非抽象表达，说明作者确实是在食物紧张的环境中成长的，由此可推断出A项（他见证过食物短缺的情况）正确。
2．细节理解题。第三段最后一句“Each dish was tailr-made t raise awareness regarding fd waste.”说明餐厅更改菜单的目的就是引起人们对食物浪费的关注。故选B。
3．主旨大意题。第五段主要围绕这些菜品使用了什么原料展开，并列举了大多数餐厅不会考虑使用的食材，如kale ribs、cucumber butts等，因此第五段主要讲了“这些菜品由什么制成”。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ was designed frm the start as a shrt-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned t its regular menu.”可知，该项目原本就是短期设计，目前已经结束，餐厅恢复了正常菜单。由此可知，wastED餐厅的这次尝试是按计划结束的。故选A。
1.tailr-made adj.特制的 2.shrt-lived adj.短暂的
3.sustainability n.可持续性 4.custmize v.定做
5.regain v.重新获得
1.reject 熟义：v.拒绝 生义：v.（因质量不好而）废弃
2.apprpriate 熟义：adj.合适的 生义：v.挪用
3.address 熟义：n.地址 生义：v.处理
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍纽约市的一家餐厅wastED的短期实验，引发对食物浪费的关注。文章借助菜单内容、行业数据和公众反响，向读者展示了餐饮业减少浪费的新尝试，传达了可持续发展的理念。
B
Pick up any packaged prcessed fd, and there's a decent chance that ne f its listed ingredients will be “natural flavr”. The ingredient sunds gd, particularly in cntrast t “artificial flavr”. But what exactly des natural flavr mean? It refers t extracts （提取物） gt frm natural surces like plants, meat r seafd. When cnsumers see “natural flavr” n a label, they are unlikely t assume that smene is squeezing the juice frm ranges int their bttle. They knw even thugh natural flavr must cme frm natural surces, it needn't all cme frm the plant r meat. Fr example, range flavr might cntain nt nly range extracts, but als extracts frm bark and grass. Nr is the cmmn belief true that ingredients extracted frm nature are necessarily safer than smething artificially made.
S if flavrs like range are needed, why nt just use ranges? The answer cmes dwn t “availability, cst and sustainability”, accrding t flavr chemist Gary Reineccius f the University f Minnesta. “If yu're ging t use all yur grapes n grape sda,” Reineccius says, “yu dn't have any grapes fr wine making; the prducts are ging t be exrbitant; besides, what d yu d with the by-prducts yu create after yu've squeezed all the juice ut f the grape?”
Actually, while chemists make natural flavrs by extracting chemicals frm natural ingredients, artificial flavrs are made by creating the same chemicals artificially. The reasn why cmpanies bther t use natural flavrs rather than artificial flavrs is simple: marketing. “Many f these prducts have health titles,” says Platkin, directr f the New Yrk City Fd Plicy Center at Hunter Cllege. “Cnsumers may believe prducts with natural flavrs are healthier, thugh they're nutritinally n different frm thse with artificial flavrs. Natural flavrs may invlve mre frest clear-cutting and carbn emissins frm transprt than flavrs created in the lab.”
Platkin suggests getting mre transparent labeling n packaging that describes exactly what the natural r artificial flavrs are, s cnsumers are nt misled int buying ne prduct ver anther because f “natural flavrs”. Reineccius als ffers sme simple guidance: “Dn't buy anything because it says ‘natural flavrs’. Buy it because yu like it.”
5．Which is a misunderstanding abut the “natural flavr” juice accrding t paragraph 1?
A．It cmes frm 100% riginal fruit.
B．It is nthing but advertising tricks.
C．It certainly cntains extracts made in the lab.
D．It is abslutely safer than juice with artificial flavrs.
6．What des the underlined wrd “exrbitant” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Ppular.B．Durable.C．Expensive.D．Innvative.
7．Why d cmpanies use natural flavrs in their prducts?
A．T cut the csts.B．T prmte the sales.
C．T advcate a healthy diet.D．T avid fd safety issues.
8．What can we cnclude frm the text?
A．Gary and Platkin hld ppsite perspectives.
B．Natural flavrs are mre envirnmentally-friendly.
C．Custmers are misled fr ignring labels n packaging.
D．Natural and artificial flavrs are mre alike than yu think.
【答案】5．D
6．C
7．B
8．D
【解析】
5．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“人们普遍认为，从大自然中提取的成分一定比人工制造的成分更安全，这也是不对的。”可知，D项“天然风味果汁绝对比人工风味的果汁安全。”错误。故选D。
6．词义猜测题。根据第二段画线单词所在句“如果你要把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄汽水上，就没有葡萄来酿酒，产品就会exrbitant”可知，如果葡萄汽水百分百由葡萄制成，这个产品会变得昂贵，故画线词exrbitant意思是“昂贵的”。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“公司费心使用天然风味而不是人工风味的原因很简单：营销。”可知，公司在他们的产品中使用天然风味是为了促进销量。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句话“消费者可能会相信天然风味的产品更健康，尽管它们在营养上与人工风味产品没有什么不同。”可知，天然风味和人工风味比你想象的更相似。故选D。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了天然风味的来源，使用天然风味的原因，以及天然风味和人工风味的相似之处。
Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
（2025·四川三模）
Have yu ever eaten s fast that yu get hiccups （打嗝） r bite yur tngue? Yeah, I've dne it.
1 . That means using yur senses t actually enjy the fd and taking the time t “express gratitude fr yur meal,” says Lilian Cheung, an expert in public health frm Harvard University. She als stresses that mindful eating is nt nly gd fr digestin, but allws us t becme mre aware f the fd we have.S hw t eat mre mindfully?
Firstly, remve all distractins while yu eat—including yur cell phne. They can affect yur ability t enjy yur fd. “ 2 ,” says Cheung. “Make sure yur cell phne is face dwn and yu're nt ging t be respnding t any messages then.”
See if yu can extend yur mealtime t 20 minutes. We ften find urselves eating while ding smething else. 3 . When yu sit dwn t eat, spend abut 20 minutes ding s. Yur bdy needs that time t get the signal t the brain that yu are full.
Yu can als buy time by nticing the little details abut yur fd. Fr example, take a mment t ntice the texture f the bread, the taste f the fillings, and the pleasant smell that rises frm yur meal. 4 .
Actually chew. If yu're wlfing dwn yur fd, yu're prbably nt chewing it. And chewing is an imprtant part f digestin, says Cheung. 5 . Lk at each bite befre putting it int yur muth, acknwledge what yu're eating and just chew, chew, chew.
A.Avid talking abut the fd
B.Set aside time t eat and nly eat
C.Mindful eating is beneficial t us all
D.That can make us eat faster than we nrmally wuld
E.It helps break up the fd t make it mre easily absrbable
F.T slw dwn the pace, yu'll need t practice mindful eating
G.This will surely help yu slw dwn and fully appreciate yur fd
【答案】1．F
2．B
3．D
4．G
5．E
【解析】
1．上文描述了吃得快可能带来的问题，空处需要承接上文，提出解决这一问题的方法，F项“为了放慢速度，你需要练习正念饮食”符合语境，且能引出下文关于正念饮食的具体介绍。故选F。
2．上文说明吃饭时要排除干扰，空处需要承接上文，进一步说明如何排除干扰，B项“留出时间吃饭，只吃饭”符合语境，是对上文排除干扰的具体化。故选B。
3．上文说明我们经常边做其他事情边吃饭，D项“那会让我们吃得比平时更快”承接上文，说明这样做的坏处，同时引出下文关于延长用餐时间的建议。故选D。
4．上文说明通过注意食物的小细节可以放慢进食速度，G项“这肯定会帮助你放慢速度，充分欣赏你的食物”承接上文，说明这一做法的好处，符合语境，且选项中“slw dwn”与上文“buy time（拖延时间）”相呼应。故选G。
5．上文说明咀嚼是消化的重要部分，E项“它有助于分解食物，使其更容易被吸收”承接上文，说明了咀嚼的好处，且E项中的“It”指的就是上文的“chewing”。故选E。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何进行正念饮食，包括放慢进食速度、去除干扰、延长用餐时间、注意食物细节以及充分咀嚼等方面。
Ⅲ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
（2025·广东广州二模改编）
Once a little-knwn dish frm China's nrthwest, Lanzhu beef ndle sup is nw winning hearts glbally. A recent article describes hw this surprisingly simple meal has becme ppular in 1. （city） like New Yrk, Lndn, and Sydney.
2. （appeal）nline phts and vides f the dish stimulate lcal peple's appetite and aruse their curisity, driving them t give 3. a try. Diners appreciate bth its taste and the experience it ffers. In a Manhattan eatery, cks stretch dugh （面团） int ndles right 4. custmers' eyes. “It's like magic,” said ne diner. Diners are als amazed by the unique and 5. （impressive）chewy texture f Lanzhu ndles, which ffers a distinct muthfeel unlike any ther.
The sup, 6. （ck） fr hurs with beef bnes and spices, has a rich flavr. In Queens, a restaurant prepares a versin7. respects the dishes' cultural rts and cmbines 20 spices t prduce a hearty sup. The wner even vide-calls her grandparents in China fr recipes. In Flushing, the wner f a ndle shp adapts the sup based n custmer feedback, making it thicker and spicier 8. （suit） lcal preferences. As fd expert C. Dyle ntes, “There's n single ‘crrect’ versin—it keeps evlving.”
Frm street fd t glbal star, Lanzhu beef ndle sup shws that sharing fd 9. （bridge） cultural differences, with each bwl 10. （tell） a stry f traditin, creativity, and the delight f flavr discvery.
【答案】1．cities
2．Appealing
3．it
4．befre
5．impressively
6．cked
7．which/that
8．t suit
9．bridges
10．telling
【解析】
1．考查名词复数。可数名词city在句中作介词in的宾语，根据“like New Yrk, Lndn, and Sydney”可知，空处为名词的复数形式，故填cities。
2．考查形容词。空处修饰空后的nline phts and vides f the dish，应用形容词形式，意为“吸引人的”。空处位于句首，首字母需要大写，故填Appealing。
3．考查代词。空处在句中作give的宾语，give it a try是固定搭配，it指代上文的“the dish”，故填it。
4．考查介词。结合句意“厨师会在顾客面前把面团拉成面条”可知，此处需要填befre。
5．考查副词。空处修饰形容词chewy，需要用副词作状语，故填impressively。
6．考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是has，ck在句中作非谓语修饰the sup，二者之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填cked。
7．考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰versin。先行词为物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填which或that。
8．考查非谓语动词。结合句意“让汤变得更浓稠、更辣，以迎合当地人的口味偏好”可知，空处需要用动词不定式作目的状语，故填t suit。
9．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处作宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语sharing fd和动词bridge（在……上架桥）之间为主动关系，且主语是单个动名词，谓语动词用单数，故填bridges。
10．考查非谓语动词。此处考查with的复合结构，宾语each bwl和tell之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填telling。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了兰州牛肉面这一原本在中国西北鲜为人知的菜肴，如今如何在全球范围内赢得人们的喜爱。