2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)清单01冠词、介词和数词(抢分清单)(学生版+解析)

这是一份2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)清单01冠词、介词和数词(抢分清单)(学生版+解析)，共6页。试卷主要包含了不定冠词a/an，定冠词the等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题01 冠词
一、不定冠词a/an
1. 不定冠词a/an用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”, “a+mst+形容词”表示“很……，非常……”，mst在此不表示最高级含义，相当于very。
He misses the gld medal in the high jump，but he will get a secnd chance in the lng jump.
他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。
Fr a great many men and wmen，rmance can be a mst imprtant part f marriage.
对许多男人和女人来说，爱情是婚姻中非常重要的一部分。
附录：
1. 抽象名词和物质名词在表示“概念”时，其前常用零冠词；但在表示具体的人或事物时变成了可数名词，需要与不定冠词连用，表示“一个、一种、一场、一阵”等。具有此用法的名词有物质名词——rain，snw，fg，wind，drink，cffee，beer，fire，paper等；抽象名词——success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，wnder，cmfrt，danger，shck等。
2. 有些不可数名词如knwledge，cllectin，understanding等后面加f时，前面需要用不定冠词。
3. 不定冠词常见的固定搭配。
have a gift fr有……的天赋 get a lift/ride搭便车
pay a visit t参观 lend sb a hand帮助某人
as a result因此 at a distance离一段距离
a waste f ……的浪费 be/g n a diet节食
make a living谋生 as a matter f fact事实上
in a sense/way在某种意义上 all f a sudden突然
have a knwledge f...“了解……” have a gd understanding f...“对……有很好的了解”。
二、定冠词the
1. the+ 序数词表示“第……”；“the+mst+多音节形容词”为多音节形容词的最高级形式，表示“最……”。
It’s a pity that he missed the first prize. 遗憾的是他错失了第一名。.
It is ne f the mst riginal wrks f imaginatin in the English language.它是英语中最具原创性的想象作品之一。
2. 被演奏的西洋乐器前用the，但是球类、棋类之前却没有冠词。
As far as I knw, he likes playing the pian but desn’t like playing ftball.
据我所知，他喜欢弹钢琴却不喜欢踢足球。
3. 用在表计量的名词前，如by the hur，by the day，by the dzen，by the meter等。但是如果是在抽象名词前，则不用冠词，如：by weight，by time，by length，by size等。
I gt paid by time. T be exact，I gt paid by the hur.我按时间拿报酬，确切地说，我是按小时拿钱。
附录：定冠词的常见固定搭配：
at the mment此刻；目前 in the end最后，最终
t tell the truth说实话 n the ther hand另一方面
by the way顺便说一下 in the middle f在……中间
at the same time同时 n the cntrary相反
n the whle总的来说 in the distance在远处
t the pint中肯；切题 make the mst/best f充分利用
1.(2025年新课标Ⅰ卷)G is ne f ________ earliest binary-based(基于二元的) games.
2.(2024•浙江1月高考)Then, when yu use ne sectin, ________ ther stays fresh.
3.(2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷) Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse walks visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr ________ first time.
专题02 介词和数词
一、介词的省略
1. 当表示时间的词前有this，that，next，last，every，each，sme，any，all等时，介词常省略。
We watched an exciting ftball match last week.上周我们观看了一场激动人心的足球赛。
2. 表示时间的名词前有不定冠词，且不定冠词作“每一……”讲时，其前不用介词。
An apple a day keeps the dctr away.每天一个苹果，医生远离我。
【易错提示】介词不可省略的问题
1. 在被动语态中，动词短语中的介词不能省略。
2. 当非谓语动词表示被动意义时，相关介词也不可省略。
3. 在定语从句中，当从句的谓语和先行词构成动宾关系且从句谓语为不及物动词时，必须加上介词。
The children have been taken gd care f in the kindergarten.
这些孩子在幼儿园里得到了很好的照顾。
The prblem is well wrth paying attentin t.
这个问题很值得关注。
The library which we ften g t is nt far away frm ur schl.
我们常去的那个图书馆距离我们学校不远。
二、易错数词
附录：一些高频介词短语的固定搭配
1.(2025天津高考第二次)New measures are ________ t imprve English translatins in public places in China.
A. at restB. in placeC. under pressureD. beynd reach
2.(2024天津第一次)________ fcusing n winning the apprval f thers, try t understand and accept yurself.
A. Because fB. Instead fC. Fr fear fD. In terms f
3.(2023天津第一次)Dragn Bat Festival is held ________ Qu Yuan, a well-knwn pet in ancient China.
A. in hnr fB. in search f
C. in the hpe fD. in the face f
4.(2023天津第二次)China is a shining example fr the glbal cmmunity t fllw ________ develping green industry t fight climate change.
A. in additin tB. in return fr
C. in terms fD. in agreement with
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1.(2026届天津市红桥区高三下学期一模英语试题)All the changes will lead t ________ better N.33 High Schl, ________ that can surprise and inspire all the alumni.
A. a, the neB. a, neC. the, neD. the, the ne
2.(2025-2026学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)The emplyee yu had been thinking highly ________dishnest in handling the cmpany’s data security.
A. f prvingB. f prvedC. f t prveD. f being prved
3.(2025-2026学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)D yu knw what use they made ________ the recycled materials ________ build a lw-carbn cmmunity center?
A. f; fB. f; tC. frm; tD. t; f
4.(2025-2026学年天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟训练二英语试题)The cach ________ that his players shuld cncentrate their attentin ________ study.
A. exchanged; n B. suggested; tC. recmmended; nD. prpsed; in
5.(2026届天津市红桥区高三下学期一模英语试题)What if later in life they cme t a dr f pprtunity, and ________ pening the dr and taking the pprtunity, they just stare at it and wnder.
A. in parallel with B. instead fC. in additin tD. with regard t
6.(2026年高考第二次模拟考试)Sme experts think, ________ genes, intelligence als depends n a balanced diet, a gd educatin and a nice hme envirnment.
A. instead fB. except frC. apart frmD. far frm
7.(2026届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考冲刺练习)Experts held in-depth exchanges ________ prtecting the intangible cultural heritage in the Yellw River regin at the seminar.
A. with respect tB. in view fC. in terms fD. in return fr
8.(2026届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考冲刺练习)Much t their relief and satisfactin, the custmer was refunded ________ fr the defective prduct, as the stre’s prmpt actin demnstrated their cmmitment t custmer service.
A. ff the stageB. n the sptC. beynd dubtD. withut hesitatin
二. 语法填空
1.(2026届河南信阳开学考)Frm saking, washing, biling, bleaching(晒白) and pulping(把……化为纸浆) the raw materials t screening, sunning and cutting, ________ single sheet f paper takes mre than tw years t make.
2.(2026届广东东莞月考)The yung scientist made ________ remarkable discvery that culd change the way we prduce energy.
3.(2026届广东东莞月考)As ________ university student, yu shuld knw what yu want fr yur future life s that yu have a purpse.
4.(2026届河南信阳开学考)Chinese civilizatin ________ its thusands f years f histry is just like an ld man, remaining tugh and intelligent.
5.(2026届东北三省哈尔滨师大附中等三校高三二模联考英语试卷)What makes them meaningful is their symblic meanings f success and prsperity, as they represent ________ bright future and “achieving success” while running tward new hrizns.
6.( 2026届四川南充市高考适应性考试)The fam is s stable that it allws fr cmplicated designs n its surface, ________ practice knwn as chabaixi — a prvincial-level cultural heritage in Fujian prvince.
7.(2026届四川南充市高考适应性考试)In this fast-paced era, this ancient art breathes new life ________ ur busy lives, ffering a precius mment f peace in the chas f mdern life.
8.(福建厦门市2026届3月高中毕业班模拟测试英语试卷)Als, the Plant Planet Prject ________ is expected t enhance glbal eclgical capacity fr bidiversity cnservatin and carbn neutrality, while develping new framewrk fr internatinal cllabratin n majr scientific challenges in plant science.
9.(2026年湖南常德市高三年级模拟考试英语试题)By shifting the battlegrund ________ a weaker area, the strategy nt nly interrupts the enemy’s plans but als gains a tactical(战略的) advantage withut engaging in direct cmbat.
10.(2026年湖南常德市高三年级模拟考试英语试题)This strategy prvides ________ valuable framewrk fr addressing challenges in diverse cntexts.
11.(2026届河北盐山中学高三上学期二模英语试题)The art f seal engraving(篆刻) is a fundatin f China’s fine arts. It has been ________ inseparable part f classic Chinese art.
12.(2026届河北盐山中学高三上学期二模英语试题)Each event challenges participants t cmplete distances ranging five t fifty kilmeters, with sme intensely demanding bstacles ________ depending n the race categry.
13.(2026届海南海南中学等四校高三联考二模英语试题)As New Yrkers enjy their fruity Luckin lattes(拿铁咖啡), few f them might realize that this cup’s jurney acrss ________ Pacific tells a stry rich with cultural exchange.
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1.--Did yu enjy yurself yesterday?
--Yes. As yu saw, ________ party went n in ________ mst pleasant atmsphere.
A. the, aB. the, theC. a, theD. a, a
2. ________ China plays a greater rle in glbal affairs, ________ increasing number f internatinal students are beginning t appreciate China’s culture and histry thrugh this amazing language.
A. With; theB. As; theC. With; anD. As; an
3.--D yu knw ________ Smiths?
--Yes, they’re ________ friendly family next dr.
A. the; aB. /; aC. the; /D. /; the
4. My aunt bught ________ 18-dllar scarf yesterday, and ________ scarf is made f silk.
A. a; theB. an; theC. a; anD. an; an
5. Still, the children remained jyful, and the parents were grateful fr the help they received ________ the challenging circumstances.
A. in spite fB. due tC. in case fD. apart frm
6. After having three interviews, Sarah was anxius but remained ________ fr the marketing manager psitin.
A. in the darkB. in the runningC. at a lssD. n the spt
7. The library is lcated ________ the crner f the street, ________ the pst ffice and the bank.
A. at; betweenB. in; amngC. n; besideD. t; near
8. The new stadium is nt ________ the ld ne in terms f seating capacity, but it’s much mre mdern.
A. as half big as B. half as big as C. as big as half D. s big as half
9. There are ________ peple in the park n weekends, and ________ f them are yung cuples.
A. thusand f; three furthB. thusands f; three furths
C. thusand f; three furthsD. thusands f; three furth
10. ________ f the land in the village is used fr planting rice, and the rest is fr vegetables.
A. Three fifthB. Three fifthsC. Third fiveD. Third fifths
二. 单句语法填空
1.Tday, Yunnan cffee is ne f China’s key prducts shipped verseas, ________ 140,000 tns f beans prduced every year n its rich sil.
2. Master Zhang needs n blueprints: classic patterns like “phenix spreading wings (fèng huáng zhǎn chì)” are deeply rted ________ his mind. Every handmade piece carries the warmth f craftsmanship.
3. Nw, halfway int my ________(eight) year f living in Beijing, I have been married int a Chinese family and have becme the mther f tw children wh speak Chinese and prefer Chinese fd.
4. “When I had a cld, my mm wuld make a cupping(拔火罐), a technique invlving placing cups n the skin t create suctin(吸力),” shared Halpyarvich, nw in her ________ (thirty).
5. It is knwn t all that there were tw wrld wars in the ________(twenty) century, which greatly changed the wrld situatin.
6. High-precisin 3D mdeling has mapped its entire structure, creating ________ cmplete digital fundatin.
7. This July, pets frm the BRICS cuntries fllwed the same path and engaged in ________ imprmptu petry event inspired by the river.
8. With prfits jumping t nearly 1.3 billin yuan at the bx ffice as f Aug 26, the ink-wash animated film Nbdy has brken ________ previus recrd set by Big Fish & Begnia (2016), making it the highest-earning dmestic 2D animated film in Chinese cinema histry.
9. Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4, 700 kilmeters ________ Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, planning t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
10. The cre message f Ztpia 2, which prmtes understanding acrss differences, deeply appeals ________ a glbal audience.
一 注意泛指还是特指
如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。
1. 如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。2. 如果名词后有f短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。
二 注意固定搭配
易错基数词
thirteen十三 furteen十四 fifteen十五 eighteen十八 nineteen十九
twenty二十 thirty三十 frty四十 fifty五十 ninety九十
易错序数词
first第一 secnd第二 third第三 furth第四 fifth第五
eighth第八 ninth第九 eleventh第十一 twelfth第十二
易错使用
(1)序数词在句中主要作定语，一般情况下序数词前要加定冠词。
(2)序数词前有时加不定冠词，表示“又一、再一”，相当于anther。
(3)有时序数词作状语，不加冠词。
Mnday is the secnd day f a week.星期一是一周的第二天。
Wuld yu like a secnd cup f tea?你还想再来一杯茶吗？
He came ut first in the cntest.他在比赛中获得第一名。
介词与名词构成的搭配
at+名词
at a lss不知所措；at the cst f以……的代价；at peace处于和平状态；
at the risk f冒……的危险；at war处于战争状态；at the mercy f在……支配下；由……摆布
at the same time同时
n+名词
n exhibitin/shw/display在展出；n accunt f因为；n fire着火n average平均；一般地
n sale出售；打折；n behalf f代表；n hliday/vacatin在度假n n accunt/cnditin决不
n the decrease/increase在减少/在增加
by+名词
by accident/chance偶然地; by hand手工; by mistake错误地; by the day按天算
by cincidence碰巧; by nature天生地
in+名词
in cash用现金付款; in charge f掌管; in depth在深度上; in return作为回报; in detail详细地
in danger (f) 在危险中，垂危; in height在高度上; in spite f尽管; in length在长度上
in exchange fr作为交换; in favr f支持，赞成; in n time立刻; in case f万一；如果；假使
in n way决不; in supprt f为支持……; in place f代替; in hnur f为向……表示敬意
in pssessin f拥有，占有; in memry f为了纪念……; in additin t另外
ut f+名词
ut f rder发生故障; ut f breath上气不接下气; ut f sight看不见; ut f cntrl失去控制
ut f the questin不可能; ut f date过期; ut f wrk失业; ut f tuch失去联系
under+名词
under attack遭到袭击; under treatment在治疗中; under pressure/stress在压力下
under cntrl处于控制之中; under repair在修理中; under discussin在讨论中
beynd+名词
beynd cmpare无与伦比; beynd descriptin难以描述; beynd reach够不到
beynd expressin/wrds难以表达；beynd recgnitin 难以辨认
形容词与介词构成的搭配
be+adj.+abut
be anxius abut为……忧虑；be curius abut对……好奇；be particular abut对……讲究/挑剔
be wrried/cncerned abut对……担心
be+adj.+at
be angry at因/对……生气; be gd at擅长; be astnished at对……吃惊; be present at出席
be+adj.+in
be absrbed in专注于……; be active in积极于……; be dressed in穿着……
be engaged in忙于……; be rich in富含……; be ccupied in忙于……
be+adj.+fr
be eager fr渴望……; be famus fr因……著名; be fit fr适合，胜任……;
be ready fr准备好……; be srry fr对……感到抱歉; be prepared fr为……做好准备
be+adj.+frm
be absent frm缺席; be different frm不同于; be far frm远离; be free frm不受……影响
be+adj.+t
be clse t接近……；be devted t致力于……；be equal t等于……；胜任……；
be familiar t对……熟悉；be friendly t对……友好；be harmful t对……有害；
be kind t对……友好；be similar t与……相似；be grateful t对……心存感激
be+adj.+f
be aware f意识到……；be fnd f喜欢……；be prud f因……而自豪；
be shrt f缺乏……；be critical f对……挑剔
be+adj.+with
be busy with忙于……；be familiar with对……熟悉；be cmbined with与……结合；
be patient with对……有耐心；be ppular with受……欢迎；be pleased with对……感到满意；
be angry with (sb)对(某人)生气
动词与介词构成的搭配
“动词+sb.+f+sth.”结构
accuse sb. f sth. 指责/控告某人某事；cure sb. f sth. 治好某人的某种疾病
rid sb. f sth. 使某人摆脱某物；cheat sb. f sth.骗走某人某物；remind sb. f sth.使某人想起某事
infrm sb. f sth. 通知某人某事；rb sb. f sth. 抢劫某人某物；warn sb. f sth. 警告某人某事
cnvince sb. f sth. 使某人确信某事；suspect sb. f sth. 怀疑某人某事
“动词+sb.+fr+ding sth.”结构
blame sth. fr ding sth. 指责某人做某事；scld/ criticize sb. fr ding sth. 批评某人做某事
frgive/ excuse/ pardn sb. fr ding sth. 原谅某人做某事；
punish sb. fr ding sth. 因做某事而惩罚某人；thank sb. fr ding sth. 感谢某人做某事
“动词+sb./sth.+frm+(ding) sth.”结构
prevent/stp/keep sb./sth. frm ding sth. 阻止某人/物做某事
prtect/preserve/defend/shelter sb./sth. frm being dne 保护某人/物免于被……
ban/prhibit sb./sth. frm ding sth. 禁止某人/物做某事
其他常考
accunt fr 占……(比例)；解释……(原因); act as 充当；起作用; break away frm 脱离；逃离
bring abut 引起；导致；造成; call fr (去)接；需要；(公开)要求; carry ut 履行；实施；执行
carry thrugh 帮助……渡过难关；成功完成；顺利实现; cme acrss (偶然)遇见，碰见；发现
cme t an end 终止，结束; cme up with 提出; d harm t 对……有害
d withut 没有……也行；没有……而设法对付过去; end up with 以……结束
get acrss 被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚; get arund 传播；流传；各处走动
get dwn t 开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事; get ver 解决；克服；控制
get rid f 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱; get thrugh 正式通过；(用电话)接通，联系上；顺利通过(考试等)
give rise t使发生; give way t屈服；退让；让步; g against违反；与……不符
g in fr参加考试(或竞赛)；对某事物有兴趣，爱好; g thrugh 经历
keep in tuch with与……保持联系; lk dwn n/upn轻视；瞧不起; lk int调查；审查
make the best f充分利用；尽力而为; be made up f由……组成; put up with忍受，容忍
see thrugh看穿；识破; see t照料；处理; set abut着手做; shw arund/rund领(某人)参观
shw ff炫耀；展示; take in吸入；理解，领会; take n承担；呈现，具有;
wrk ut计算出；制定出
其他固定搭配
but fr要不是; instead f代替; regardless f不管，不顾; apart frm除……之外
up t直到；由……决定; accrding t根据; alng with随着; tgether with连同
by means f用……办法；借助……; wing t因为
介词省略(常和动词、名词或形容词搭配)
spend sme time (in) ding sth. 花费时间做某事; waste sme time (in) ding sth. 浪费时间做某事
have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth. 有困难做某事; be busy (in) ding sth. 忙于做某事
stp/prevent/keep sb. (frm) ding sth. 阻止某人做某事
一 分析句子成分
如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词、代词或动名词前一定是填介词。
二 记牢搭配
1. 注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用；
2. 注意有特殊用法的介词，如接复合宾语就只能用with或withut。