2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)大题预测02阅读理解说明文+语法填空(全国通用)(学生版+解析)

这是一份2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)大题预测02阅读理解说明文+语法填空(全国通用)(学生版+解析)，共10页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解（30分）
A
（2026·浙江宁波市·二模）The cean may appear bundless. It’s easy t imagine that fish and ther cean creatures swim freely withut restrictin. That assumptin, hwever, is mistaken. Accrding t eclgist Karissa Lear, many cean species stick t specific habitats and seldm g beynd them. This habit can cause unexpectedly big prblems, especially when human-built structures get in the way.
Take, fr example, the green sawfish living near the muth f the Ashburtn River in Western Australia. In 2017, a large structure was built by the shre, stretching abut 550 yards int the sea. As Lear had feared, the cnstructin did harm the critically endangered green sawfish — they were unable t pass arund the barrier. T Lear, this discvery supprted a surprising new idea that cean animals, much like land species, need a helping hand getting arund human-built structures.
On land, wildlife crssings are becming mre cmmn. Green bridges, fr instance, help bears and elk avid a rad in Canada’s Banff Natinal Park. In 2022, a wildlife crssing in Washingtn State was used mre than 5,000 times by animals such as deer and cytes. Althugh the bridges are already ppular n land, Lear says little attentin has been paid t the idea f wildlife crssings designed t help cean animals get arund safely.
Fr cean animals, t many barriers can cut them ff frm imprtant feeding sites. Overly limited mvement can lead t the develpment f islated grups that are mre likely t g extinct. With mre large structures planned fr the Ashburtn River area, Lear says the cumulative (累积的) effect f multiple barriers is a real cncern fr the green sawfish’s future.
As the climate cntinues t change, paying attentin t the needs f cean animals is imprtant. Many are mving farther nrth, and they need suitable habitats t mve thrugh. T address this, we can create crssings thrugh human-built structures r prtect habitats alng their migratin rutes. As we cntinue t engineer the cean, such effrts culd g a lng way tward prtecting cean life.
1．Hw des the authr present the issue in the first paragraph?
A．By detailing research findings.B．By describing a natural scene.
C．By addressing public cncerns.D．By challenging a cmmn belief.
2．What effect did the structure near the Ashburtn River have?
A．It prvided a new habitat fr cean life.
B．It blcked the path f the green sawfish.
C．It attracted mre new species t the area.
D．It drve the green sawfish int deep waters.
3．What des Lear imply abut wildlife crssings?
A．They have reduced rad accidents n land.
B．They will replace cean barriers eventually.
C．They have destryed land animals’ habitats.
D．They are urgently needed fr cean animals.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Wildlife Crssings: Frm Land t SeaB．When Ocean Life Is in Danger
C．The Sawfish That Lst Their Way HmeD．Ocean Structures: N Harm Dne
B
（2026·浙江绍兴·二模）When spring arrives, keeping warm becmes less f an issue. Hwever, scientists remind us it is nt just a seasnal necessity — heat is als a valuable energy resurce that can be stred. Researchers at Kaunas University f Technlgy (KTU) have discvered an innvative slutin beneath ur feet: using sil as an efficient thermal energy(热能) strage system.
KTU prfessr Dr Tadas Ždankus and his team have been investigating hw the grund can serve as a medium fr heat strage. At the cre f their research is a grund-based heat accumulatr that wuld stre left energy undergrund and make it available when demand peaks.
Initially, the team explred hw t use wind energy t prduce heat via a hydraulic system (液压系统). They fund that s-called hydraulic lsses, typically seen as inefficiencies, were actually generating usable heat.Hwever, part f heat was lst befre reaching buildings. The questin became hw t nt nly decrease heat lss but als stre it.
T test this idea, the researchers cnducted experiments using an artificial heat surce placed in surface sil layers. They measured hw heat spreads and persists in the grund. In ne test, when the sil was heated t the biling pint, it caused a phase change (相变), in which liquid water becmes vapr.“Phase change can be an efficient way. We nticed a sharp temperature rise wherever the vapur flw reached. This means the energy is mving and can be cntrlled.” says Prf. Ždankus.
Once the pssibility f undergrund heat strage was cnfirmed, researchers began explring its practical applicatins. They develped a pilt mdel grund energy cell t study hw heat spread thrugh sil. The year-lng measurements revealed the sil beneath buildings culd passively stre heat, making use f the natural dwnward flw f heat frm buildings int the grund.
T put these grund-based strage systems int widespread use, researchers are nw develping scaled-dwn pilt mdels and refining heat distributin cntrl methds.“Our immediate gal is t integrate existing slutins int a system that can benefit bth industry and residential sectrs.” Ždankus cncludes.
5．What is the main gal f the KTU research prject?
A．T reduce winter heating csts.B．T capture thermal energy frm sil.
C．T stre undergrund heat fr later use.D．T prmte hydraulic system efficiency.
6．What can be inferred frm paragraphs 3-4?
A．Phase change makes heat cntrl pssible.B．Hydraulic lsses can be avided by heat transfer.
C．Vapur flw cntributes t big temperature drps.D．Heat prductin pses a great challenge t experts.
7．What are researchers ding fr the practical use f the systems?
A．Building large-scale industrial heating systems.B．Develping test mdels with imprved cntrl.
C．Applying the technlgy t residential sectrs.D．Reducing the energy cnsumptin f buildings.
8．Which f the fllwing wuld be the suitable title fr the text?
A．Frm Wind t Warmth: an Unexpected Path
B．Future System: Uniting Industry and Hme Heating
C．A New Discvery: Turning Hydraulic Lss int Gain
D．The Grund Beneath: A New Frntier in Heat Strage
C
（2026·江苏省苏北七市（徐、连、淮、宿、通、扬、泰）·二模）Aurra Nikula, 5, is having a nrmal day at her nursery. She is making a cake ut f sand and mud, adding in make-believe carrts, ptates and meat. Aki Sinkknen, a scientist, is watching. He’s als very interested in Aurra’s cake, but fr different reasns. “Perfect,” he says, admiring the way she is mixing sil, sand and leaves and then putting it n her face. “She’s really getting her hands in it.”
T a hygiene-cnscius (注重卫生的) kindergarten, this culd be a prblem, but at Humpula daycare centre in Helsinki, children are encuraged t increase their cntact with the micrscpic (显微的) bidiversity. This kindergarten was included in a tw-year study lking at hw bidiversity enhancements affect the micrbial cmpsitin f children’s skin and saliva.
The staff dug up and installed a giant live carpet f frest flr. The plants, dead wd and sil in the daycare centre were specially selected fr their rich micr-bidiversity. Children grw carrts, ptates and cucumbers, harvesting and cking what they plant. When winter appraches, the crps fade — but the utdr adventures d nt.
A year later, it fund that children wh were in cntact with nature had a lwer prbability f catching an illness resulting frm disrders in the immune system. The results supprt the “ld friends” hypthesis (假设) that humans evlved alngside micrbes in air, plants and sil. The bdy can exchange useful micrbes with the natural wrld t stay healthy. Withut cntact with these rganisms — thrugh sil, plants, and air — immune functin can becme veractive, leading t disease.
The kindergartens prvide evidence f just hw crucial healthy ecsystems are t human health. As bidiversity, habitats and wild species are lst arund the planet, there is huge ptential harm fr human wellbeing. Increasing n site bidiversity can be a win-win fr children’s health and the envirnment.
Based n that, the University f Sheffield has dne research n installing green barriers arund schl playgrunds t prevent air pllutin frm harming children’s health. Hunter’s Bar infant schl in Sheffield created a 70-metre-lng fence f plants that wraps arund the playgrund. Nitrgen dixide (NO2) cncentratins in the playgrund were reduced by 13% six mnths after planting, and further decreases are expected as the fence matures.
9．What des the underlined wrd “this” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Guided hands-n practice.B．Kids’ expsure t dirt and mud.
C．Delicius hmemade fd fr kids.D．The diversity f species in nurseries.
10．What did the staff at Humpula daycare centre d?
A．Rewild their kindergarten.B．Grw a frest in the backyard.
C．Expand frest educatin amng kids.D．Intrduce kids t sustainable farming.
11．Why des nature cntact reduce peple’s chance f getting sick?
A．It uplifts their md.B．It enhances c-evlutin.
C．It remves harmful micrbes.D．It balances their immune system.
12．Why des the authr mentin the Sheffield study?
A．T advcate fr green schls.
B．T give directin fr further research.
C．T prmte healthy grwth in schl children.
D．T shw an applicatin f the research finding.
二、语法填空（30分）
A
（2026·陕西西安中学·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the nrthern tip f the Xinjiang Uygur Autnmus Regin, 13 China meets Russia, Mnglia and Kazakhstan, lies Altay prefecture (阿勒泰地区), a regin 14 (bless) with dramatic landscapes and rich culture. 15 (rugh) the size f Cuba, it stretches frm snwy muntaintps ver 4,000 meters high t lwlands just 246 meters abve sea level. A shrt cach trip can take yu frm glaciers t desert, even past herds f wild animals.
During my recent trip, I culdn’t take my eyes ff the view. As the cach 16 (wind) thrugh valleys, silver peaks shne in the distance while the green f birch frests filled the fregrund. It lked like the Alps, 17 this wasn’t Eurpe. A blue river rushed beside us, matching ur speed, its pwer reminding me hw rarely I feel nature’s strength in the city.
Acrss the hills stand yurts (圆顶帐篷) f Kazakh herders, their animals 18 (wander) freely. The night befre, I experienced thrat singing fr the first time — a sund that seemed very 19 (fascinate).
As we descended, the green grasslands slwly gave way t bright yellw desert. The 20 (vast) felt like stepping int a fantasy game, except that this was real. When the ther passengers awke, unaware f what they had missed, I sat amazed, lst 21 wrds t describe the scene I had just witnessed. If nly I 22 (bring) my camera with me!
B
（2026·四川成都市·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ahead f this mnth’s springtime festival f Basant, peple crammed shulder t shulder int the streets in Lahre’s Old City, lking fr kites and the string 23 (need) t fly them.
This is nt the scene that shppers here remember frm Basant in the past. The kite festival was legally held this mnth in Lahre fr the first time since 2007, 24 a prvincial ban n Basant tk effect.
Basant’s return fr three days in early February saw a mre regulated versin f the traditinal spring festival — with strict rules fr kite sellers, banned items fr buyers 25 a set windw fr when kites were allwed in the sky.
There was a reasn fr these restrictins: Kite flying in the prvince 26 (becme) dangerus befre earlier kite flying regulatins were put in place in 2005. Fr many in Lahre, kite flying isn’t a frm f 27 (relax). It’s a cmpetitive sprt. Over time, this cmpetitin gave rise t the use f strnger, synthetic kite string.
Saleem-ud-Din, 28 kite maker in Lahre, says the increased use f this string changed things. “It became unsafe,” he says, 29 (add) that he and ther craftsmen didn’t apprve. “We say whatever bad thing peple are using, get rid f it.”
The prvincial gvernment banned the string t make kite-flying 30 (safe). One majr task fr Basant was making sure thse varieties 31 (transprt) legally int the city frm ther parts f Pakistan, where prductin is less regulated.
Nw that Basant is fficially ver, accrding t Punjabi law, kite flying is back t being prhibited. It’s 32 (clear) whether Basant will return t Lahre r ther parts f Punjab next year.