人教版（2024）八年级下册英语Units 5-8预习学案（分层预习+同步练习）（含答案）

这是一份人教版（2024）八年级下册英语Units 5-8预习学案（分层预习+同步练习）（含答案），共25页。
人教版（2024）八年级下册英语Units 5-8预习学案（分层预习+同步练习）基础识记篇（一）单元核心词汇temper /ˈtempə(r)/ n. 脾气；怒气earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ n. 台风wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n. 野火snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n. 雪暴；暴风雪flood /flʌd/ n. 水灾；洪水 v. 泛滥；淹没drought /draʊt/ n. 旱灾；干旱warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告；提醒注意do chores 做家务wave /weɪv/ n. 波浪；波；挥手 v. 挥手；挥舞tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ n. 海啸interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ n. & v. 采访；面试slow down (使) 慢下来；(使) 减速neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ (=neighborhood) n. 街区；临近的地方roof /ruːf/ n. 屋顶；顶部nearly /ˈnɪəli/ adv. 几乎；差不多；将近come off (从某物上) 脱落；掉落report /rɪˈpɔːt/ n. & v. 报道；汇报trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 苦恼；困难 v. 使忧虑、苦恼；劳驾；麻烦relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚；亲属truck /trʌk/ n. 卡车supply /səˈplaɪ/ n. 供应 (量)；(pl. supplies) 补给 (品) v. 供应；供给preparation /ˌprepəˈreɪʃn/ n. 准备 (工作)；预备make preparations 作准备power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力供应；能量；力量soundly /ˈsaʊndli/ adv. (睡觉) 酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地thick /θɪk/ adj. 厚的；浓密的beat /biːt/ v. (beat, beaten /ˈbiːtn/) 敲；打 n. 敲击；跳动hide /haɪd/ v. (hid /hɪd/, hidden /ˈhɪdn/) 躲藏；隐蔽tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风；旋风worst /wɜːst/ adj. & adv. (bad 和 badly 的最高级) 最坏 (的)；最糟 (的)schoolgirl /ˈskuːlɡɜːl/ n. (学校的) 女生froth /frɒθ/ n. 泡；泡沫unfortunately /ʌnˈfɔːtʃənətli/ adv. 不幸地；可惜地refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝；退却security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全；保安；保障guard /ɡɑːd/ n. 卫兵；保卫 v. 保卫security guard 保安人员nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近scream /skriːm/ v. 尖叫thankfully /ˈθæŋkfəli/ adv. 幸亏；感激地knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识；学问thinking /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/ n. 思考；想法as soon as 一……就……hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ n. (pl. heroes) 英雄；男主角；偶像landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/ n. 滑坡；塌方safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/ v. 保护；捍卫floodwater /ˈflʌdwɔːtə(r)/ n. 洪水manpower /ˈmænpaʊə(r)/ n. 劳动力；人力heartbeat /ˈhɑːtbiːt/ n. 心跳 (声)rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. & v. 救援；营救heatwave /ˈhiːtweɪv/ n. 热浪southwestern /ˌsaʊθˈwestən/ adj. 西南的；西南方向的firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/ n. 消防队员volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者；自告奋勇者 v. 自愿做；义务做terribly /ˈterəbli/ adv. 非常糟地；非常alarm /əˈlɑːm/ n. 警报 (器)；惊恐alarm clock 闹钟go off (警报器等) 发出响声review /rɪˈvjuː/ v. 复习；回顾；复查 n. 回顾；审查sudden /ˈsʌdn/ adj. 突然的；骤然的all of a sudden 突然；猛地thunder /ˈθʌndə(r)/ n. 雷；雷声 v. 打雷；发出雷鸣般响声by the time 到……的时候usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 通常的；寻常的out of breath 上气不接下气rainstorm /ˈreɪnstɔːm/ n. 暴风雨as a result 因此unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的（二）词形转换预习1. interview (v./n.) → ________ (n. 采访者)2. prepare (v.) → ________ (n. 准备)3. unfortunately (adv.) → ________ (adj.)4. thankfully (adv.) → ________ (adj.)5. thinking (n.) → ________ (v. 原形)6. terribly (adv.) → ________ (adj.)7. sudden (adj.) → ________ (adv.)8. usual (adj.) → ________ (adv.)9. unlucky (adj.) → ________ (adv.)10. bad (adj./adv.) → ________ (比较级) → ________ (最高级)11. luck (n.) → ________ (adj.) → ________ (adv.)12. care (v./n.) → ________ (adj. 仔细的) → ________ (adv.)13. beat (v.) → ________ (过去式) → ________ (过去分词)14. hide (v.) → ________ (过去式) → ________ (过去分词)（三）重点短语英汉互译1. go off _______________2. 接电话；捡起 _______________3. by the time _______________4. as soon as _______________5. die down _______________6. 突然；猛地 _______________7. out of breath _______________8. 准备 _______________9. do chores _______________10. 一团糟 _______________11. in silence _______________12. 拆除；记下 _______________13. make one's way _______________14. 结果；因此 _______________基础运用篇（四）重点短语预习根据句意及汉语提示，用本单元短语的适当形式填空。1. My alarm clock didn’t __________ (发出响声) this morning, so I got up very late.2. I called you several times yesterday, but you didn’t __________ (接电话).3. __________ (到……的时候) I got to school, the English class had already started.4. The wind began to __________ (逐渐变弱) after the rainstorm stopped.5. We were waiting for the bus when __________ (突然) it began to rain heavily.6. He ran to the classroom quickly and was __________ (上气不接下气).7. We are __________ (做准备) for the coming English test these days.8. Students should help their parents __________ (做家务) at home on weekends.9. __________ (起初), I didn’t know how to use the new dictionary.10. The whole yard was __________ (一片凌乱) after the strong wind.11. They sat __________ (沉默地) for a long time without saying a word.12. People will __________ (拆除) the old houses next month.13. We had to __________ (费力前进) through the heavy rain to get home.14. He didn’t get up early. __________ (因此), he missed the first bus.15. I will tell you the story __________ (一……就……) I finish my homework.（五）重点句型预习根据课本原句及汉语提示补全句子，注意when / while和时态。1. 台风来袭时你在做什么？What ________ you ________ when the typhoon hit?2. 我正在写作业，这时大楼突然摇晃起来。I ________ ________ my homework ________ the building shook all of a sudden.3. 当大风开始刮时，我们正开车回家。We ________ ________ home ________ the strong winds started.4. 妈妈在准备午饭，而我在做家务。My mother ________ ________ lunch ________ I was doing chores.5. 蒂莉在海滩上散步时，注意到了奇怪的现象。________ Tilly was walking on the beach, she noticed something strange.6. 起初，我害怕得几乎无法思考。________ ________, I was so scared that I could hardly think.7. 我们应该为台风提前做好准备。We should ________ ________ for the typhoon early.8. 洪水期间，很多人陷入了困境。Many people ________ ________ trouble during the flood.9. 一看到巨浪，她就意识到危险。________ ________ ________ she saw the huge waves, she realized the danger.10. 我们应该待在室内，远离窗户。We should stay inside and ________ ________ ________ windows.（六）重点语法预习1.核心语法：过去进行时（1）结构：was / were + 动词-ing（2）含义：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。（3）常见标志词：at that time 在那时at 7:00 last night 昨晚七点at this time yesterday 昨天这个时候when / while 当……时候2.when 与 while 的用法区别（1）when可接短暂性动词（一般过去时）句式：主句（过去进行时）+ when + 从句（一般过去时）（2）while常接延续性动词（过去进行时）句式：while + 从句（过去进行时）+ 主句（过去进行时）3.本单元重点句型（1）as soon as 一……就……（2）so … that … 如此……以至于……4.语法小练习（1）用 when / while 填空__________ I got home, my mother was cooking. __________ my father was reading, my mother was cleaning.（2）用所给动词的适当形式填空I __________ (sleep) at this time yesterday.They __________ (play) basketball when the rain came.What __________ you __________ (do) at that time?（3）用 as soon as 或 so…that 填空I will tell you the news __________ __________ I know it.It was __________ dark __________ I couldn’t see anything.能力提升篇（七）阅读短文，选择正确答案。When a big storm came to our town last Saturday, I was doing my homework in my bedroom. The sky turned dark very quickly. Strong wind started to blow outside, and I could hear the rain beating heavily against the windows.My mom was cooking dinner in the kitchen at that time. She asked me to close all the windows tightly. My dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows to keep our house safe. My little sister was watching TV in the living room. But soon, the TV went off because of the strong wind. She was so scared that she ran to my room quickly.At around 5:00 p.m., the storm began to die down. The wind slowed down and the rain became lighter. After the storm, we went outside and saw some trees fallen down and rubbish everywhere. But our family was safe and sound.This storm taught us a lot. When we face natural disasters, we should stay calm and know what to do to keep ourselves safe.( ) 1. What was the writer doing when the storm came?A. Cooking dinner. B. Doing homework.C. Watching TV. D. Closing the windows.( ) 2. What was the writer's dad doing when the storm came?A. He was beating the windows.B. He was turning off the TV.C. He was putting wood over the windows.D. He was running to the writer's room.( ) 3. Why did the little sister run to the writer's room?A. Because she couldn't watch TV.B. Because she was scared of the storm.C. Because she wanted to do homework.D. Because the room was very dark.( ) 4. When did the storm begin to die down?A. In the morning. B. At noon.C. At about 5:00 p.m. D. At night.( ) 5. What can we learn from the passage?A. Storms are not scary at all.B. We should stay calm when facing disasters.C. Natural disasters can't hurt people.D. We don't need to prepare for storms.Unit 5 Nature’s Temper预习学案答案（二）词形转换预习1.interviewer 2.preparation 3.unfortunate 4.thankful 5.think 6.terrible 7.suddenly 8.usually 9.unluckily 10.worse；worst 11.lucky；luckily 12.careful；carefully 13.beat；beaten 14.hid；hidden（三）重点短语英汉互译1. (闹钟)发出响声 2. pick up 3. 到……为止 4. 一……就…… 5. 逐渐变弱；平息 6. all of a sudden 7. 上气不接下气 8. make preparations 9. 做家务 10. in a mess 11. 沉默；无声 12. take down 13. 前往；艰难行进 14. as a result（四）重点短语预习1.go off 2.pick up 3.By the time 4.die down 5.all of a sudden 6.out of breath 7.making preparations 8.do chores 9.At first 10.in a mess 11.in silence 12.take down 13.make our way 14.As a result 15.as soon as（五）重点句型预习1.were; doing 2.was doing; when 3.were driving; when 4.was preparing; while 5.While 6.At first 7.make preparations 8.got into 9.As soon as 10.stay away from（六）重点语法预习When While was sleeping were playing were; doing as soon as so; that阅读短文，选择正确答案B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B人教版八年级下册英语 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 预习学案（分层预习+同步训练版）基础识记篇（一）单元核心词汇shake /ʃeɪk/ v. (shook /ʃʊk/, shaken /ˈʃeɪkən/) 与（某人）握手；摇动 n. 摇动；奶昔bow /baʊ/ v. & n. 鞠躬bump /bʌmp/ v. 碰；撞 n. 碰撞；（撞击造成的）肿块fist /fɪst/ n. 拳头rub /rʌb/ v. 摩擦；揉kiss /kɪs/ v. 亲吻 n. 吻cheek /tʃiːk/ n. 脸颊hug /hʌg/ v. & n. 拥抱embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ adj. 尴尬的confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ adj. 困惑的formal /ˈfɔːml/ adj. 正式的curry /ˈkʌri/ n. 咖喱菜rude /ruːd/ adj. 粗鲁的uncommon /ʌnˈkɒmən/ adj. 罕见的；不寻常的palm /pɑːm/ n. 手掌namaste /nɑːˈmɑːste/ interj. 有礼了（印度人行合十礼时口中所念之词）fork /fɔːk/ n. 叉子Indian /ˈɪndiən/ adj. 印度的；印度人的 n. 印度人manner /ˈmænə(r)/ n. 方式；(pl. manners) 礼仪table manners 餐桌礼仪confusing /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/ adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的unless /ənˈles/ conj. 除非；如果不proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 恰当的；正确的sit up 坐直keep … off 使不碰到；使避开elbow /ˈelbəʊ/ n. 肘；肘部serving /ˈsɜːvɪŋ/ adj. 分菜用的 n. 一份食物chopstick /ˈtʃɒpstɪk/ n. (usually pl.) 筷子serving chopsticks 公筷surprising /səˈpraɪzɪŋ/ adj. 出人意料的；令人吃惊的embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ adj. 使人难堪的be used to 习惯于cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj. 与文化有关的；文化的hear from 得到……消息custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 习俗occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/ n. 场合；重大活动nicely /ˈnaɪsli/ adv. 漂亮地；令人愉快地blouse /blaʊz/ n.（女式）衬衫或短上衣private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 不喜欢谈论私事的；私人的whether /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否married /ˈmærid/ adj. 已婚的；婚姻的merci interj. 谢谢（法语）go a long way 帮助很大au revoir interj. 再见（法语）get along 相处融洽；进展correct /kəˈrekt/ adj. 正确的；恰当的unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj. 不安全的；危险的informal /ɪnˈfɔːml/ adj. 非正式的improper /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 不合适的jeans /dʒiːnz/ n. (pl.) 牛仔裤marry /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚；娶；嫁congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃəleɪt/ v. 祝贺Asian /ˈeɪʒn/ adj. 亚洲的 n. 亚洲人tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统firstly /ˈfɜːstli/ adv. 第一；首先secondly /ˈsekəndli/ adv. 第二；其次thirdly /ˈθɜːdli/ adv. 第三correctly /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地；恰当地receive /rɪˈsiːv/ v. 收到sign-off /ˈsaɪnɒf/ n.（信件或广播的）结束语；收尾main /meɪn/ adj. 主要的false /fɔːls/ adj. 错误的；不真实的impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象cheers /tʃɪəz/ interj. 再见；干杯（二）词形转换预习1. shake (v.) → ________ (过去式) → ________ (过去分词)2. confuse (v.) → ________ (adj. 困惑的) → ________ (adj. 令人困惑的)3. formal (adj.) → ________ (反义词，非正式的)4. rude (adj.) → ________ (adv. 粗鲁地) → ________ (n. 无礼)5. embarrass (v.) → ________ (adj. 尴尬的) → ________ (adj. 令人难堪的)6. surprise (v.) → ________ (adj. 令人吃惊的) → ________ (adj. 感到惊讶的)7. culture (n.) → ________ (adj. 文化的)8. correct (adj.) → ________ (adv. 正确地)9. marry (v.) → ________ (adj. 已婚的) → ________ (n. 婚姻)10. India (n.) → ________ (adj./n.)11. proper (adj.) → ________ (反义词，不合适的)12. private (adj.) → ________ (adv. 私下地)13. main (adj.) → ________ (adv. 主要地)14. impress (v.) → ________ (n. 印象)（三）重点短语英汉互译1. table manners ____________2. 相处融洽 ____________3. get used to ____________4. 坐直 ____________5. make a good impression ____________6. 使用公筷 ____________7. keep…off ____________8. 举止得体 ____________9. so…that… ____________10. 得到……消息 ____________基础运用篇（四）重点短语预习根据句意及汉语提示，用本单元短语的适当形式填空。1. We should ________ ________ ________ when we have meals. (使用公筷)2. He is too shy to ________ ________ with strangers. (相处融洽)3. You should ________ ________ in class. (坐直)4. Please ________ your hands ________ the desk. (使……不碰到)5. I hope this small gift will ________ ________ ________ ________. (帮助很大)6. I’m looking forward to ________ ________ my pen pal. (得到……的消息)7. We should know how to ________ ________ properly in different countries. (举止得体)8. He was ________ nervous ________ he couldn’t say a word. (如此……以至于……)9. I will tell you the story ________ ________ ________ I finish it. (一……就……)10. People in different countries have different ________ ________. (餐桌礼仪)11. Gradually, I ________ ________ ________ eating with chopsticks. (习惯于)12. We should try to ________ a good ________ on others. (留下好印象)（五）重点句型预习根据课本原句及汉语提示补全句子，注意when / while和时态。1. 当我们第一次见到别人时，我们应该握手。We should ________ ________ when we meet people for the first time.2. 除非你了解当地的习俗，否则你可能会感到尴尬。You may feel embarrassed ________ you know the local customs.3. 他如此粗鲁，以至于没人愿意和他交朋友。He was ________ rude ________ no one wanted to make friends with him.4. 当我在印度时，我学会了如何正确地打招呼。________ I was in India, I learned how to greet people properly.5. 在中国，我们习惯于用筷子吃饭。In China, we ________ ________ ________ eating with chopsticks.6. 餐桌礼仪在不同的国家是不同的。________ ________ are different in different countries.7. 起初，我发现使用刀叉很困难。________ ________, I found it difficult to use a knife and fork.8. 她一收到礼物就给朋友发了消息。She texted her friend ________ ________ ________ she received the gift.9. 我们应该尊重不同的文化和传统。We should respect different ________ and ________.10. 他问我是否知道那个国家的习俗。He asked me ________ I knew the customs of that country.（六）重点语法预习1. 核心语法：状语从句(1) 条件状语从句：由 unless 引导，相当于“if...not”，表示“除非；如果不”。(2) 结果状语从句：由 so...that... 引导，表示“如此……以至于……”。(3) 时间状语从句：由 when / while / as soon as 引导。2. when 与 while 的用法区别(1) when：可接短暂性或延续性动词，从句可用一般过去时。(2) while：常接延续性动词，从句常用过去进行时，表示两个动作同时发生。3. 语法小练习(1) 用 when / while 填空________ I was having dinner, the phone rang.________ I saw her, she was talking to a foreigner.(2) 用所给动词的适当形式填空He ________ (shake) hands with me when we met.While we ________ (talk), the teacher came in.(3) 用 unless 或 so...that... 填空You will fail the exam ________ you study hard.The movie was ________ interesting ________ I watched it three times.能力提升篇（七）阅读短文，选择正确答案。Different countries have different table manners. It is important for us to learn some table manners before going to other countries.When you have dinner with others in China, you should use serving chopsticks to take food. It is not polite to use your own chopsticks to pick food from the plates. You should also sit up straight and keep your elbows off the table.In Western countries, people usually use forks and knives. They do not talk with food in their mouths. It is polite to wait until everyone is ready to eat.When you are in a new country, try to watch others and learn from them. If you behave properly, you will make a good impression on the people around you. Learning about different cultures can help you get along well with others.( ) 1. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to use chopsticks B. Table manners in different countriesC. How to learn a foreign language D. Western eating habits( ) 2. What should we use to take food in China?A. Our own chopsticks B. Knives and forksC. Serving chopsticks D. Hands( ) 3. What does the underlined phrase “sit up straight” mean?A. 坐直 B. 躺下 C. 站起来 D. 弯腰( ) 4. In Western countries, what is NOT polite?A. Use forks and knives B. Wait for others to start eatingC. Talk with food in the mouth D. Behave properly( ) 5. If we learn about different cultures, we can ________.A. get along well with others B. eat more delicious foodC. speak better English D. make more moneyUnit 6 Crossing Cultures 预习学案答案（二）词形转换1. shook; shaken 2. confused; confusing 3. informal 4. rudely; rudeness 5. embarrassed; embarrassing 6. surprising; surprised 7. cultural 8. correctly 9. married; marriage 10. Indian 11. improper 12. privately 13. mainly 14. impression（三）重点短语英汉互译1. 餐桌礼仪 2. get along well 3. 习惯于 4. sit up 5. 留下好印象 6. use serving chopsticks 7. 使……不碰到；避开 8. behave properly 9. 如此……以至于 10. hear from（四）重点短语预习1. use serving chopsticks，2. get along，3. sit up，4. keep; off，5. help a lot，6. hearing from，7. behave properly，8. so; that，9. as soon as，10. table manners，11. am used to，12. make; impression（五）重点句型1. shake hands 2. unless 3. so; that 4. While 5. are used to 6. Table manners 7. At first 8. as soon as 9. cultures; traditions 10. whether（六）语法小练习(1) While; When (2） shook; were talking (3） unless; so; that（七）阅读短文，选择正确答案1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A人教版八年级下册英语 Unit 7 A Good Read 预习学案（分层预习+同步训练版）基础识记篇（一）单元核心词汇a good read 好的读物；好书（或文章等）adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n. 冒险；冒险经历fantasy /ˈfæntəsi/ n. 幻想作品；幻想mystery /ˈmɪstri/ n. 悬疑小说（或电影、戏剧）；神秘的事物；奥秘fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n. 小说detective /dɪˈtektɪv/ n. 侦探alien /ˈeɪliən/ n. 外星人attack /əˈtæk/ v. & n. 攻击；进攻hear of 听说；得知kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史的；有关历史的force /fɔːs/ v. 强迫；迫使；用力推动 n. 力；武力introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 介绍；序言steal /stiːl/ v. (stole /stəʊl/, stolen /ˈstəʊlən/) 偷；窃取punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ v. 惩罚；处罚idiom /ˈɪdiəm/ n. 习语；成语recently /ˈriːsntli/ adv. 最近；不久前lost /lɒst/ adj. 迷路的；丢失的；失去的get lost 迷路recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ v. 推荐；建议society /səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社会；社团literary /ˈlɪtərəri/ adj. 文学的；文学上的base /beɪs/ v. 以……为据点 n. 根基；基础；根据地base sth on sth 以……为基础（或根据）summary /ˈsʌməri/ n. 总结；概要spoiled /spɔɪld/ adj. 宠坏的；娇惯坏的selfish /ˈselfɪʃ/ adj. 自私的painful /ˈpeɪnfl/ adj. 令人痛苦的；（身体部位）疼痛的lock /lɒk/ v. 用锁锁上 n. 锁lock up 锁好（建筑物的）门unlock /ʌnˈlɒk/ v. 开……的锁；发现；揭开hidden /ˈhɪdn/ adj. 隐藏的；秘密的nobody /ˈnəʊbədi/ pron. 没有人；谁也不therefore /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/ adv. 因此；所以state /steɪt/ n. 状态；国家；州 v. 陈述；说明weak /wiːk/ adj. 虚弱的；（能力）弱的since /sɪns/ prep., adv. & conj. 自……以后；从……以来 conj. 既然；由于secretly /ˈsiːkrətli/ adv. 秘密地prove /pruːv/ v. (proved, proved / proven /ˈpruːvn/) 证明；证实；显示是get to one’s feet 站起身来day by day 一天天；逐日build-up /ˈbɪldʌp/ n. 准备期；准备过程climax /ˈklaɪmæks/ n. 高潮；极点effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 影响；结果in time 及时；来得及reader /ˈriːdə(r)/ n. 读者；简易读物librarian /laɪˈbreəriən/ n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ v. 认为；仔细考虑enemy /ˈenəmi/ n. 敌人naughty /ˈnɔːti/ adj. 淘气的gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 温柔的defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ v. 击败；战胜 n. 失败；击败basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基本的；初步的recommendation /ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn/ n. 推荐；提议American /əˈmerɪkən/ adj. 美国的；美洲的 n. 美国人；美洲人bone /bəʊn/ n. 骨头doubt /daʊt/ v. 怀疑 n. 疑惑；不确定inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v. 破坏；摧毁introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 介绍；序言（二）词形转换预习1. steal (v.) → ________ (过去式) → ________ (过去分词)2. history (n.) → ________ (adj. 历史的)3. recommend (v.) → ________ (n. 推荐)4. pain (n.) → ________ (adj. 令人痛苦的)5. hide (v.) → ________ (adj. 隐藏的)6. prove (v.) → ________ (过去分词)7. secret (adj.) → ________ (adv. 秘密地)8. weak (adj.) → ________ (n. 弱点)9. society (n.) → ________ (adj. 社会的)10. destroy (v.) → ________ (n. 破坏)11. consider (v.) → ________ (adj. 体贴的；考虑周到的)12. inspire (v.) → ________ (n. 灵感；激励)13. summary (n.) → ________ (v. 总结)14. lose (v.) → ________ (adj. 迷路的；丢失的15. introduce (v.) → ________ (n. 介绍；序言)重点短语英汉互译1. in time ____________2. 站起身来 ____________3. be based on ____________4. 迫使某人做某事 ____________5. hold back ____________6. 一天天 ____________7. a good read ____________8. 在困难中 ____________9. hear of ____________10. 锁好 ____________11. recommend sth. to sb. ____________12. 迷路 __________基础运用篇（四）重点短语预习根据句意及汉语提示，用本单元短语的适当形式填空。1. I have never ________ ________ that famous writer before. (听说)2. The children ________ ________ in the forest and couldn’t find their way out. (迷路)3. We should ________ ________ ________ quickly when we fall down. (站起身来)4. The weather is getting warmer ________ ________ ________. (一天天；逐日)5. The movie ________ ________ ________ a true story from history. (以……为基础)6. Please ________ the door ________ when you leave the house. (锁好)7. The rescue workers arrived ________ ________ to save the trapped miners. (及时；来得及)8. Don’t ________ ________ the secret; keep it to yourself.（暴露；泄露）9. We should ________ ________ our feelings instead of shouting at others.（控制；抑制）10. This book is really ________ _________ _______; I couldn’t put it down. (好的读物；好书)11. He ________ his students ________ finish the work by themselves. (强迫；迫使)12. I often ________ my favourite novels ________ my classmates. (推荐；建议)13. The kind girl always offers to help people ________ ________.（在危难中；在困难中）（五）重点句型预习根据课本原句及汉语提示补全句子，注意when / while和时态。1. 我听说过这本小说，但还没读过。I have ________ ________ this novel, but I haven’t read it yet.2. 这本书是以一个真实的历史故事为基础的。This book ________ ________ ________ a true historical story.3. 既然你已经读完了这本书，能给我讲讲它的内容吗？________ you have finished the book, can you tell me about it?4. 随着日子一天天过去，他越来越想念家乡。________ ________ ________ ________, he missed his hometown more and more.5. 他被强迫站起来继续赶路。He ________ ________ to his feet and kept walking.6. 我推荐你读这本书，它非常精彩。I ________ you ________ read this book. It’s wonderful.7. 这个故事证明了善良最终会战胜邪恶。The story ________ that kindness can ________ evil in the end.8. 我们应该仔细考虑别人的感受。We should ________ other people’s feelings carefully.9. 他被锁在房间里，感到很害怕。He ________ ________ ________ in the room and felt very scared.10. 这本书的结局给了我很多启发。The ending of the book ________ ________ a lot.（六）重点语法预习1. 核心语法：现在完成时 & 状语从句(1) 现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与 recently, already, yet, never, ever 连用。(2) 状语从句：时间状语从句：since（自从……以来）原因状语从句：since（既然；由于）结果状语从句：so...that...（如此……以至于……）2. 用法要点(1) since 引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。(2) 现在完成时结构：have/has + 过去分词。3. 语法小练习(1) 用 since 填空I have lived in this city ________ I was ten years old.________ you are tired, you should go to bed early.(2) 用所给动词的适当形式填空I ________ (read) this book three times already.He ________ (lose) his keys on his way home yesterday.(3) 用 so...that... 填空The story was ________ interesting ________ I couldn’t put it down.能力提升篇（七）阅读短文，选择最佳答案。Reading good books is one of the best hobbies. A good read can take us to different worlds and teach us lots of new things. Many great books are based on real life or historical stories.Gulliver’s Travels is a famous book. In the story, Gulliver is caught in terrible trouble many times. He has to hold back his fear and face difficulties bravely. Sometimes he gets lost in strange places, but he never gives up.Books can also help us relax. When we read in our free time, we can stay away from busy life. Some books are so educational that teachers often recommend them to students. Reading makes us wise and helps us get along well with different people.( ) 1. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The history of old books B. The importance of reading good booksC. How to choose storybooks D. A great writer’s life( ) 2. The book Gulliver’s Travels ________ real life stories.A. is based on B. locks up C. gives away D. holds back( ) 3. What did Gulliver do when he met difficulties?A. He always felt bored. B. He gave up quickly.C. He faced them bravely. D. He got away at once.( ) 4. The underlined word “recommend” means “________” in Chinese.A. 强迫 B. 拒绝 C. 泄露 D. 推荐( ) 5. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Good books can’t teach us new things. B. Gulliver never met any trouble.C. Reading helps people become wise. D. All books are written in history.Unit 7 A Good Read 预习学案答案（二）词形转换1. stole; stolen 2. historical 3. recommendation 4. painful 5. hidden 6. proved/proven 7. secretly 8. weakness 9. social 10. destruction 11. considerate 12. inspiration 13. summarize 14. lost 15. introduction（三）重点短语英汉互译1. 及时；来得及，2. get to one’s feet，3. 以……为基础，4. force sb. to do sth.，5. 控制意志；克制，6. day by day，7. 好的读物；好书，8. in trouble，9. 听说，10. lock up，11. 向某人推荐某物，12. get lost（四）重点短语预习1. heard of 2. got lost 3. get to our feet 4. day by day 5. is based on 6. lock; up 7. in time 8. give away 9. hold back 10. a good read 11. forces; to 12. recommend; to 13. in trouble（五）重点句型预习1. heard of 2. is based on 3. Since 4. As days went by 5. was forced 6. recommend; to 7. proves; defeat 8. consider 9. was locked up 10. inspired me（六）语法小练习1. since; Since 2. have read; lost 3. so; that（七）阅读短文，选择最佳答案1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C人教版八年级下册英语Unit 8 Making a Difference预习学案（分层预习+同步训练版）基础识记篇（一）单元核心词汇make a difference 有作用；有影响visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 参观者；来访者elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的the elderly 老人；上了年纪的人organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (=organisation) n. 组织；团体；机构stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ n. 体育馆；运动场provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供；给予can /kæn/ n. (装食品或饮料的) 金属罐；一罐（的量）owner /ˈəʊnə(r)/ n. 主人；物主cage /keɪdʒ/ n. 笼子donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/ n. 捐赠物；捐赠shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. 庇护所；居所interviewer /ˈɪntəvjuːə(r)/ n. 面试官；采访者youth /juːθ/ n. 青年；青年时期nursing home 养老院active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 活跃的；积极的come along 赶快；跟着来army /ˈɑːmi/ n. 军队soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ n. 军人；士兵primary /ˈpraɪməri/ adj. 小学教育的；首要的help out 分担工作；帮忙做charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业warmly /ˈwɔːmli/ adv. 热情地；温暖地lady /ˈleɪdi/ n. 女士；淑女gentleman /ˈdʒentlmən/ n. (pl. gentlemen /ˈdʒentlmən/) 先生；君子bark /bɑːk/ v. (狗) 吠叫 n. 狗叫声sign up 报名ever since 自从；自……以后adult /ˈædʌlt; əˈdʌlt/ n. 成年人 adj. 成年的；成熟的missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 失踪的；丢失的practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ adj. 实用的；实际的life-saving /ˈlaɪfˌseɪvɪŋ/ adj. 救命的；救生的teamwork /ˈtiːmwɜːk/ n. 团队合作successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 成功的；有成就的most of all 最主要的是value /ˈvæljuː/ n. 重要作用；价值voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj. 自愿的；无偿的ordinary /ˈɔːdnri/ adj. 平凡的；普通的worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得；有价值audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 听众；观众willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 乐意的；愿意的on the go 在忙碌中in need 需要帮助的；生活困难的completely /kəmˈpliːtli/ adv. 完全地；彻底地success /səkˈses/ n. 成功elder /ˈeldə(r)/ adj. (两人中) 年纪较长的（尤指哥哥姐姐）donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠；赠送pocket /ˈpɒkɪt/ n. 口袋pocket money 零花钱effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试hand out 分发familiar with 通晓；熟悉etc. /etˈsetərə/ adv. 等等；以及诸如此类talent /ˈtælənt/ n. 才能；天赋；天才madam /ˈmædəm/ n. (正式、礼貌的称呼) 女士；夫人advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt; ˌædvəˈtaɪzmənt/ n. (=ad) 广告；启事（二）词形转换预习 organization (n.) → ________ (v. 组织) owner (n.) → ________ (v. 拥有) interviewer (n.) → ________ (v. 采访；面试) active (adj.) → ________ (n. 活动) missing (adj.) → ________ (v. 丢失；错过) successful (adj.) → ________ (n. 成功) successful (adj.) → ________ (v. 成功) value (n.) → ________ (v. 重视；珍视)重点短语英汉互译1. come along ____________2. 熟悉；通晓 ____________3. hand out ____________4. 报名；登记 ____________5. in need ____________6. 有影响；起作用 ____________7. most of all ____________8. 自从；自……以来 ____________9. on the go ____________10. 零花钱 ____________11. help out ____________基础运用篇（四）重点短语预习：根据句意及汉语提示，用本单元短语的适当形式填空。1. Small actions can ________ ________ ________ to the people in need. (有作用；有影响)2. Please ________ ________ if you want to join the volunteer group. (报名)3. He has lived in the countryside ________ ________ he was a child. (自从；自……以后)4. The teacher asked us to ________ ________ the books to the students. (分发)5. ________ ________ ________, we should care for the elderly in our community. (最主要的是)6. Many people come to ________ ________ at the local shelter. (帮忙做；分担工作)7. He is always ________ _________ _______, so he has no time to rest. (在忙碌中)8. We should help those who are ________ ________. (需要帮助的；生活困难的)9. ________ ________! We are going to be late for the meeting. (赶快；跟着来)10. He spent all his ________ ________ on books for the children. (零花钱)11. She is ________ ________ with the local culture after living here for years. (通晓；熟悉)（四）重点句型预习：根据课本原句及汉语提示补全句子。1. 我们的小行动可以对他人的生活产生很大的影响。Our small actions can ________ ________ ________ to other people’s lives.2. 自从他十岁起，他就一直在这家养老院做志愿者。He ________ ________ at the nursing home ________ ________ he was ten years old.3. 这个组织为无家可归的人们提供食物和住所。The organization ________ food and shelter ________ homeless people.4. 最主要的是，我们应该学会关心他人。________ ________ ________, we should learn to care for others.5. 她自愿每周去庇护所帮忙分发食物。She ________ ________ ________ at the shelter to hand out food every week.6. 他们的努力最终取得了成功，项目顺利完成。Their hard work finally ________ ________ ________, and the project was completed smoothly.7. 他愿意花时间帮助那些需要帮助的人。He ________ ________ ________ spend his time helping people in need.（五）重点语法预习（注：本单元重点语法为动词短语与现在完成时的综合运用，结合 since 引导的时间状语从句）1. 核心语法：现在完成时 + since 从句◦ 结构：主句用现在完成时，since 引导的从句用一般过去时。◦ 例句：He has volunteered here since he left school.2. 重点动词短语：◦ provide sth. for sb./provide sb. with sth 为某人提供某物◦ donate sth. to sb. 捐赠某物给某人◦ sign up for 报名参加◦ hand out 分发◦ help out 帮忙做3. 语法小练习(1) 用 since 完成句子：He ________ (work) as a volunteer at the shelter ________ he was 16.(2) 用括号内动词的适当形式填空：The charity ________ (provide) food for the homeless people for five years.(3) 用 be willing to 造句： 能力提升篇（七）阅读短文，选择最佳答案。Volunteering is a great way to make a difference in people’s lives. Many students in our school sign up for different volunteer projects in their free time.Linda is a 14-year-old girl. Ever since last year, she has volunteered at a community center. She often helps out old people and hands out free books to kids in need. She is always on the go on weekends, but she never feels tired. Most of all, she thinks helping others brings her great happiness.Sometimes her best friend Jack will come along and join her. They are familiar with the work and know how to help people well. Small acts of kindness may not change the whole world, but they can warm someone’s heart. If everyone tries to help others, our world will become much better.( ) 1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. How to get good grades at schoolB. The meaning of volunteering and helping othersC. Different ways to get pocket moneyD. How to make friends with old people( ) 2. What does the underlined phrase “sign up for” mean?A. 报名参加 B. 放弃 C. 推迟 D. 忘记( ) 3. When did Linda begin her volunteer work?A. Three years ago B. Last monthC. Last year D. This summer( ) 4. What does Linda often do in her volunteer work?A. Sell books for money B. Hand out books and help old peopleC. Travel around the city D. Clean her own school classroom( ) 5. Which sentence is TRUE according to the text?A. Jack never joins Linda’s volunteer workB. Linda feels bored with volunteer workC. Small kind acts can warm people’s heartsD. Few students love helping others nowUnit 8 Making a Difference预习学案答案（二）词形转换organize; own; interview; activity; miss; success; succeed; value（三）重点短语英汉互译1. 进展；进步；出现，2. be familiar with，3. 分发；散发，4. sign up，5. 在危难中；需要帮助，6. make a difference，7. 首要的是；尤其，8. ever since，9. 忙个不停；四处奔波，10. pocket money，11. 协助；帮忙分担（四）重点短语预习1. make a difference 2. sign up 3. ever since 4. hand out 5. Most of all 6. help out 7. on the go 8. in need 9. Come along 10. pocket money 11. familiar with （五）重点句型预习1. make a difference 2. has volunteered; ever since 3. provides; for 4. Most of all 5. volunteers to help 6. led to success 7. is willing to （六）语法小练习1. has worked; since 2. has provided 3. 示例：She is willing to help the elderly in her community.（七）阅读短文，选择最佳答案1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D