人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Unit 6 Plan for YourselfSection BVocabulary in Use精练

这是一份人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Unit 6 Plan for YourselfSection BVocabulary in Use精练，共17页。
词汇运用
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次
I
（shake, embarrass, manner, chpstick, frmal, uncmmn, cnfuse, cngratulate, traditin, palm）
1. Have yu ________________________ hands with the internatinal student? It’s a basic greeting in many cuntries.
2. His face turned red with ________________________ when he made a mistake in the speech cntest.
3. It’s bad ________________________ t chew ludly r use yur phne during a meal.
4. We usually use ________________________ t eat rice and ndles in traditinal Chinese meals.
5. At ________________________ events like graduatin ceremnies, students need t wear schl unifrms.
6. It’s ________________________ t see heavy snw in this castal city, s peple get excited when it snws.
7. I felt ________________________ when the teacher explained the grammar rule in three different ways.
8. We ________________________ ur classmate n winning the first prize in the science cmpetitin last week.
9. Eating zngzi n the Dragn Bat Festival is a ________________________ custm in China.
10. She placed the tiny birthday card in the ________________________ f her hand and gave it t her best friend.
Ⅱ 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空，每短语限用一次
（shake hands with, be embarrassed abut, in cmmn, cngratulate sb. n, be used t, , g a lng way, in this manner）
1. When yu meet elders in sme cultures, yu are expected t ________________________ them plitely.
2. Many middle schl students ________________________ their messy bedrms and hide them frm guests.
3. Thugh they grew up in different cities, the tw friends have a lt ________________________—they bth lve painting.
4. Dn’t frget t ________________________ yur brther ________________________ passing his math exam when yu get hme.
5. After living in the suth fr half a year, she ________________________ the ht and rainy summer weather.
6. Please ________________________ yur elbws ________________________ the table while eating—it’s cnsidered implite in frmal dinners.
7. A few sincere wrds f encuragement can ________________________ in helping smene feel better when they’re sad.
8. By slving the grup task ________________________, we finished it 20 minutes earlier than the ther teams.
二、根据括号内所给汉语意思或首字母写出单词的正确形式
A. 首字母填空
1. When greeting in India, peple usually put their p________________________ tgether and say “namaste” instead f shaking hands.
2. It’s i________________________ t use persnal chpsticks t serve fd fr thers — serving chpsticks are required.
3. After winning the cmpetitin, all his classmates came t c________________________ him n his amazing result.
4. T fllw table manners, we shuld keep ur e________________________ ff the table and sit up straight.
5. She felt deeply e________________________ when her phne rang ludly during the silent frmal speech.
6. In France, it’s a cmmn c________________________ t kiss n bth cheeks when meeting clse friends.
7. Because f the language barrier, he lked c________________________ when the freign turist talked t him.
8. Wearing casual j________________________ t a frmal wedding is cnsidered implite in mst cultures.
9. There are varius cultural t________________________ arund the wrld, and we need t respect them.
10. When yu feel anxius, yu can r________________________ yur hands gently t make yurself calm.
B. 汉语意思填空
1. In mst Western cuntries, peple ________________________（与……握手）when they meet in frmal situatins.
2. The sudden change f the plan caused great ________________________（困惑）amng all the team members.
3. It’s ________________________（罕见的）t see heavy rain in this regin in winter, s everyne was surprised.
4. Yu need a ________________________（叉子）and a knife t eat steak in Western restaurants.
5. She ________________________（为……感到尴尬）her wrng prnunciatin when she spke in frnt f the class.
6. His ________________________（不恰当的）behavir at the dinner party made everyne feel uncmfrtable.
7. We need t wear neat clthes when attending a ________________________（正式的）business meeting.
8. We shuld learn t accept the ________________________（文化的）differences between different cuntries.
9. Please ________________________（使……避开）the ht pt when yu pass by the dining table.
10. It’s a family ________________________（传统）t have a big dinner tgether n New Year’s Eve.
三、请用合适的连词（when, while, as sn as, befre, after, until, if, unless, s…that）填空，完成短文（每空1词）。
Lily had dreamed f visiting the UK fr years, 1________________ she saw a dcumentary abut British culture last year. She spent three weeks learning abut British custms 2________________ she barded the plane, wrried she might make embarrassing mistakes.
3________________ she kncked n the hst family’s dr, her heart beat fast. Mrs. Smith, the hst mm, smiled and said “Welcme” 4________________ she pened the dr. The first challenge came at the first dinner: 5________________ Mrs. Smith was putting dishes n the table, Lily wanted t help, but she knew she culdn’t 6________________ the hst invited her t.
7________________ everyne sat dwn, Lily didn’t start eating 8________________ Mrs. Smith picked up her knife and frk. She held the knife in her right hand 9________________ she held the frk in her left; hwever, she was 10________________ nervus 11________________ she almst spilled her drink.
Later, she wanted t get a laf f bread far frm her. She wndered: 12________________ I reach fr it directly, will the Smiths think I’m rude? Then she recalled the rule: yu shuld ask thers t pass it 13________________ yu dn’t want t be seen as implite.
She als fund that 14________________ the hst ffers yu a secnd helping, yu can say “Just a little, thanks” — 15________________ yu eat t much in ne g, yu might lk greedy. And she learned that she culdn’t leave the table 16________________ everyne finished their meals; this is a basic manner in Britain.
By the end f the week, Lily felt cmfrtable with the custms. She said she was glad she prepared well 17________________ she came — therwise, she wuld have been 18________________ cnfused 19________________ she culdn’t enjy the warm welcme frm the Smiths.
四、介词填空
请在空格中填入正确的介词，使句子完整且语法正确（每空1词）：
1. Many students feel nervus and get embarrassed __________ their pr perfrmance in frnt f the whle class, s they ften avid taking part in public activities.
2. Our head teacher tk the lead t cngratulate the schl basketball team __________ their wnderful victry in the city sprts meeting last week.
3. Thugh Lucy grew up in a small twn and her best friend Lily was raised in a castal city, they still have quite a lt __________ cmmn when it cmes t their taste in bks and music.
4. T fllw prper table manners in frmal ccasins, yu shuld keep yur elbws __________ the dining table while eating—this is a basic rule in many Western cultures.
5. After listening t the teacher’s tw different explanatins f the sentence structure, mst students felt even mre cnfused __________ hw t use it crrectly in their cmpsitin.
五、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（每空一词）
1. The stry he shared at the family gathering was s ________________________ (embarrass) that n ne knew hw t respnd.
2. After the teacher explained the cmplex grammar twice, many students were still in ________________________ (cnfuse) abut its usage.
3. When dining with guests in Western cuntries, it’s necessary t fllw prper table ________________________ (manner).
4. Shuting at the elderly in public is ________________________ (prper) and shws n respect fr thers.
5. All the classmates sent their ________________________ (cngratulate) t Lisa when she wn the schl painting cmpetitin.
6. In sme ________________________ (traditin) villages, peple still hld ancient ceremnies t welcme the harvest seasn.
7. We had a discussin abut ________________________ (culture) differences between Eastern and Western cuntries in the gegraphy class.
8. Each ________________________ (serve) f this lcal snack is small, s yu can try several kinds withut feeling full.
9. It’s ________________________ (cmmn) t find such a rare ld bk in rdinary bkstres, s we were surprised t see it there.
10. The by ________________________ (receive) a special birthday gift frm his uncle, which made him jump with jy.
六、用所给单词，适当形式填空
When Mike, an American student, jined his Krean friend’s family dinner, he felt 1. ____________________ (cnfuse) — he didn’t knw any Krean table rules.
The family’s habit f sharing ne dish with chpsticks was 2. ____________________ (surprise) t him, as Americans usually use separate plates.
Then, a(n) 3. ____________________ (embarrass) mment came: he accidentally kncked ver a cup f tea. Mike’s face turned red immediately.
He felt 4. ____________________ (disappint) with himself fr making such a silly mistake.
But the family’s warm smiles and gentle cmfrt were 5. ____________________ (impress) — they didn’t mind the small accident at all.
Gradually, Mike became 6. ____________________ (relax) and started chatting with the family.
The spicy kimchi n the table tasted 7. ____________________ (please) — it was htter than he expected but full f flavr.
He fund the family’s stries abut Krean festivals 8. ____________________ (amaze) — the traditins were ttally different frm his wn.
After three hurs f eating and talking, the lng dinner felt a bit 9. ____________________ (tire), but Mike didn’t want t leave.
He never felt 10. ____________________ (bre) during the night — every part f the dinner was a new and interesting experience.
At ur schl’s Internatinal Culture Festival, Le (frm India) faced a lt f 1. ____________________ (cnfuse) — he didn’t knw the scial rules f ther cuntries.
When he met a French student, he tried t shake hands, but sn realized it was 2. ____________________ (prper) fr their 3. ____________________ (traditin) greeting (which is a kiss n the cheek).
Later, at the fd bth, Le learned that table 4. ____________________ (manner) vary a lt: in Japan, a small 5. ____________________ (serve) f fd is usually placed in each persn’s bwl.
It’s 6. ____________________ (cmmn) t see peple use frks in Thailand, as mst peple eat with spns and frks tgether.
When Le gave a speech abut Indian culture, he dressed 7. ____________________ (frmal) in traditinal clthes.
A(n) 8. ____________________ (embarrass) mment came when he accidentally called a Krean student by the wrng name — he felt srry immediately.
These 9. ____________________ (culture) differences made the festival mre interesting.
At the end f the day, Le 10. ____________________ (receive) a suvenir frm a Mexican student, and they prmised t keep in tuch.
句子巩固
七、根据汉语意思，完成句子
1. 但英式餐桌礼仪太令人困惑了，我有点担心。
But English __________ __________ are s __________ that I'm a little __________.
2. 带个小礼物，但除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。
Bring a __________ __________, but dn't __________ __________ unless the __________ asks yu __________.
3. 还有，记得等主人开动后你再吃。
And __________ t __________ __________ the __________ t start __________ yu eat.
4. 如果你感到困惑，看看其他人怎么做。
If yu __________ __________, __________ what everyne else __________.
5. 上个月我在一个派对上有了一些尴尬的经历后，他们帮我更多地了解了这里的习俗。
They __________ me t learn __________ abut the __________ here after I __________ sme __________ experiences at __________ __________ last mnth.
6. 准时或晚几分钟是正常的，但早到可能会带来麻烦。
It's __________ t be __________ __________ r __________ __________ minutes late, but __________ early can __________ prblems.
7. 第三，你应该始终根据场合着装。
Third, yu __________ __________ try t __________ __________ the __________.
8. 第四，除非你很了解对方，否则最好不要问私人问题。
Furth, it's __________ __________ t ask __________ questins unless yu __________ the __________ __________ well.
9. 最后但同样重要的是，尽量在任何可能的时候说法语。
__________ __________ nt least, __________ __________ yu __________ French __________ yu can.
10. 我会在他们家待两周，而且我有点紧张！
I'll be __________ with __________ __________ fr __________ __________ weeks, and I'm a little __________.
八、中译英
1. 中文题：在正式的晚宴场合穿休闲T恤是不合适的。
翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 中文题：当我不小心把法国朋友的名字念错时，那个场景真令人尴尬，我也感到特别窘迫。
翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 中文题：除非你很了解当地的传统习俗，否则不要随意触碰他人的宗教物品。
翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 中文题：上次去日本同学家做客时，我记得要等主人先鞠躬问候后再回礼。
翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 中文题：不同国家的餐桌礼仪差异如此之大，以至于很多游客初到国外时会陷入困惑。
翻译练习题：________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读提升
九、阅读理解
阅读理解一：
阅读材料
When yu visit a Japanese friend’s hme fr the first time, there are many special rules yu need t fllw—small mistakes might make thers feel uncmfrtable.
First, yu must take ff yur shes at the entrance. Japanese peple believe shes carry dirt frm utside, s wearing them indrs is seen as rude. Yu shuld put yur shes in the she rack neatly, with the tes facing the dr (it’s easier t put them n when yu leave).
Secnd, bwing is mre than just a greeting. The degree f the bw shws different levels f respect: a 15-degree bw is fr saying “hell” r “thank yu” t friends; a 30-degree bw is used when yu meet elders r aplgize; a deep 45-degree bw is nly fr serius situatins like saying “I’m truly srry”.
Third, gift-giving has strict tabs. Yu shuld never bring gifts in sets f fur—because the Japanese wrd fr “fur” sunds the same as the wrd fr “death”. Als, gifts shuld be wrapped nicely, but avid white wrapping paper (it’s cnnected t funerals). Cmmn gifts include tea, ckies, r small plants.
At dinner, wait fr the hst t say “itadakimasu” (which means “I will receive this fd”) befre yu start eating. Never stick yur chpsticks upright in the rice—this lks like the incense sticks used at funerals, which is a serius tab. If yu need t put chpsticks dwn, place them n the chpstick rest, nt n the table.
题目
1. Why d Japanese peple ask guests t take ff shes indrs?
A. T keep the flr clean.
B. T make guests feel relaxed.
C. T shw that shes are nt expensive.
D. T fllw a new ppular trend.
2. A 30-degree bw is prper when yu ______.
A. greet a clse friend
B. say srry t an ld man
C. thank a classmate
D. meet a stranger fr the first time
3. The wrd “tabs” in Paragraph 3 prbably means ______.
A. special gifts
B. plite behavirs
C. frbidden things
D. funny stries
4. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. White is a lucky clr in Japan.
B. “Itadakimasu” is said after eating.
C. Chpsticks can be put n the table freely.
D. Giving 4 ckies as a gift is implite.
5. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Hw t bw plitely in Japan.
B. Rules fr visiting a Japanese hme.
C. Tabs f gift-giving in Japan.
D. Differences between Japanese and Western dinners.
阅读理解二：
阅读材料
Many peple think Día de ls Muerts (the Day f the Dead) is a sad festival, but in Mexic, it’s a jyful time t remember and hnr deceased family members.
This festival is held n Nvember 1st and 2nd. Families clean the graves f their lved nes and decrate them with clrful flwers (like mariglds, which are believed t guide the dead back hme), phts, and favrite fds f the deceased. Sme families als build “frendas” (altars) in their hmes—these altars are filled with the persn’s favrite drinks, candies, and even tys (if the deceased was a child).
When yu visit a Mexican family during Día de ls Muerts, there are sme rules t fllw. First, never say “I’m srry fr yur lss”—the festival is abut celebrating the lives f the dead, nt feeling sad. Secnd, yu shuld accept the fd the hst ffers yu. Refusing it is seen as implite, even if yu’re full. The mst cmmn fd at this time is “calaveras de azúcar” (sugar skulls), which are decrated with bright clrs—they represent the jy f the festival, nt fear f death.
Als, it’s gd t talk abut the deceased family members. Asking questins like “What was yur grandma’s favrite fd?” shws that yu respect their traditins. Avid talking abut sad things; instead, share happy stries if yu have any.
题目
1. What is the true meaning f Día de ls Muerts in Mexic?
A. A time t feel sad abut the dead.
B. A festival t celebrate the lives f deceased lved nes.
C. A day t clean graves and say gdbye t the dead.
D. A time t buy sugar skulls fr children.
2. Mariglds are used in the festival because ______.
A. they are the cheapest flwers
B. they have bright clrs
C. they are believed t lead the dead back hme
D. they are the deceased’s favrite flwers
3. The wrd “deceased” in Paragraph 1 prbably means ______.
A. dead
B. living
C. yung
D. ld
4. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Refusing the hst’s fd is plite.
B. Sugar skulls are a symbl f fear.
C. Talking abut happy stries f the dead is welcme.
D. “I’m srry fr yur lss” is a prper sentence t say.
5. What’s the writer’s attitude twards Día de ls Muerts?
A. It’s a scary festival.
B. It’s a jyful and meaningful traditin.
C. It’s a waste f time and mney.
D. It’s t cmplicated t understand.
十、完形填空
Last summer, I visited my Thai friend Maya in Bangkk. Befre the trip, Maya tld me t 1 ______ a small gift—she said it’s a cmmn way t shw kindness t hsts. I picked a bx f Chinese tea, hping her family wuld like it.
When I arrived at Maya’s huse, she greeted me with a “wai” (a traditinal Thai greeting: pressing palms tgether). She taught me that the 2 ______ f the hands shws respect: hands at chest level fr friends, and higher fr elders. I tried t make the 3 ______ “wai” and Maya laughed, saying I did well.
Maya’s mther led me int the living rm and asked me t 4 ______ my shes at the dr. “Shes bring dirt indrs,” she explained. I 5 ______ put my shes next t thers, and she gave me sft slippers. Then she ffered me a glass f ccnut water—cld and sweet, it was exactly what I needed n the ht day.
At lunch, the table was full f dishes: green curry, pad thai, and fresh mang. Maya warned me nt t 6 ______ fd with my left hand. “We use the left hand fr unclean tasks,” she said quietly. I ndded and used my right hand t 7 ______ sme curry with rice. When Maya’s father asked if I wanted mre, I said “yes” even thugh I was almst full—I didn’t want t 8 ______ him by saying I’d had enugh.
After lunch, Maya tk me t a nearby temple. She tld me t 9 ______ my shulders and knees—temple rules require visitrs t dress mdestly. I brrwed a scarf frm her t cver my knees. Inside the temple, we walked 10 ______—talking ludly is nt allwed. I watched lcals leave small flwers at the statue, and Maya said it’s their way t 11 ______ their wishes.
When I left in the evening, Maya’s family walked me t the dr. I 12 ______ gdbye and made a “wai” again. Maya smiled and said, “Remember, 13 ______ small custms helps yu get clser t peple here.” Her wrds made me think: learning abut ther cultures isn’t just abut 14 ______ rules—it’s abut understanding hw peple shw care.
This trip taught me that every culture has its wn beauty. If we take time t ntice and fllw these small custms, we can 15 ______ deeper cnnectins with peple arund the wrld.
1. A. prepare B. sell C. thrw D. break
2. A. shape B. height C. clr D. size
3. A. wrng B. silly C. prper D. funny
4. A. find B. wash C. repair D. remve
5. A. carefully B. carelessly C. quickly D. slwly
6. A. ck B. eat C. buy D. share
7. A. pur B. mix C. drink D. cut
8. A. interest B. surprise C. disappint D. excite
9. A. cver B. shw C. wash D. tuch
10. A. happily B. quietly C. angrily D. prudly
11. A. express B. frget C. change D. hide
12. A. shuted B. cried C. whispered D. waved
13. A. fllwing B. making C. breaking D. inventing
14. A. writing B. remembering C. creating D. changing
15. A. destry B. avid C. build D. lse
答案与解析
一、
Ⅰ
1.shaken；2.embarrassment；3.manners；4.chpsticks；5.frmal；6.uncmmn；7.cnfused；8.cngratulated；9.traditinal；10.palm；
Ⅱ
1.shake hands with；2.are embarrassed abut；3.in cmmn；4.cngratulate; n；5.has been used t；6.keep; ff；7.g a lng way；8.in this manner；
二
A
1.palms；2.imprper；3.cngratulate；4.elbws；5.embarrassed；6.custm；7.cnfused；8.jeans；9.traditins；10.rub；
B
1.shake hands with；2.cnfusin；3.uncmmn；4.frk；5.was embarrassed abut；6.imprper；7.frmal；8.cultural；9.keep ff；10.traditin
三、
1. after；2. befre；3. when；4. as sn as；5. while；6. unless；7. after；8. until；9. while；10. s；11. that；12. if；13. unless；14. if；15. if；16. until；17. befre；18. s；19. that
1. 空1：答案after
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之后”。“Lily多年梦想去英国”是长期状态，“看到英国文化纪录片”是后续发生的、强化梦想的动作，用after明确“看片→更向往”的时间递进；若填befre（“看片前梦想”），虽事实成立，但无法体现“纪录片加深向往”的逻辑，故after为唯一合理选项。
2. 空2：答案befre
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之前”。“花三周学习英国习俗”发生在“登机前往英国”之前，这一动作顺序恰好呼应后文“担心犯尴尬错误”——提前学习正是为了规避失误；若填after（“登机后学习”），则与“担心出错”的心理矛盾，语法虽对但语境不成立，故填befre。
3. 空3：答案when
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”。when的核心用法是搭配“短暂动作”（如kncked“敲门”，是瞬间完成的动作），此处“敲门瞬间心跳加快”的即时反应，完全匹配when的用法；若填while，while需搭配“延续动作”（如was kncking），但原句“kncked”是一般过去时（表短暂动作），故when正确。
4. 空4：答案as sn as
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“一……就”。“开门”与“说‘Welcme’”是几乎无间隔的即时动作，as sn as能精准体现“动作衔接的快速性”（如“门一打开就问候”），比when（仅表“当……时”）更贴合日常交际中“即时回应”的礼仪场景，故填as sn as。
5. 空5：答案while
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”。while的核心用法是搭配“延续动作”（如was putting“摆盘子”，是过去进行时，表持续进行的动作），此处“Mrs. Smith摆盘子的过程中，Lily想帮忙”，用while体现两个动作的同时性；若填when，虽语法可行，但while更强调“延续动作期间的穿插事件”，与“was putting”的动作属性更匹配，故填while。
6. 空6：答案unless
解析：引导条件状语从句，表“除非”（相当于“if nt”）。语境逻辑是“Lily想帮忙，但只有主人邀请才能帮”，即“如果主人不邀请，就不能帮忙”，用unless恰好体现这一“否定条件”；若填if（“如果主人邀请，就不能帮忙”），则逻辑完全相反，违背语境，故填unless。
7. 空7：答案after
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之后”。“所有人坐下”是“Lily不开始吃饭”的前置动作，用after明确“先集体落座、再等待用餐信号”的餐桌流程，符合“集体活动需同步节奏”的礼仪；若填befre（“所有人坐下前不吃饭”），则动作顺序混乱（未落座时本就不会吃饭），故填after。
8. 空8：答案until
解析：引导时间状语从句，构成“”固定结构（表“直到……才”）。语境中“Lily不开始吃饭”，直到“Mrs. Smith拿起刀叉”才动筷，完美匹配“”的核心用法（如“我直到爸爸回来才看电视”），这是八年级重点语法点；若填其他连词（如befre），则无法体现“等待主人信号”的逻辑，故填until。
9. 空9：答案while
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“同时”。“右手拿刀”与“左手拿叉”是用餐时同步进行的动作，用while衔接两个“并行的延续动作”，精准体现“双手同时持餐具”的状态；若填when，需调整句式（如“when she held the frk in her left hand”），原句“ held...”的平行结构更简洁，故填while。
10. 空10：答案s
解析：构成“”固定结构（引导结果状语从句，表“如此……以至于”）。语法规则中，s后接“形容词/副词”，此处s修饰形容词nervus（“紧张的”），目的是强调“紧张的程度”，为后文“差点洒饮料”的结果做铺垫；若填such，such后需接“名词”（如such nervusness），与原句“nervus”（形容词）不匹配，故填s。
11. 空11：答案that
解析：构成“”固定结构，that的作用是“引出s所强调程度带来的结果”。此处“s nervus”（如此紧张）的结果是“almst spilled her drink”（差点洒了饮料），that是该结构的固定组成部分，无其他替代词，完全符合八年级“s+形容词+that+结果从句”的用法，故填that。
12. 空12：答案if
解析：引导条件状语从句，表“如果”。语境中Lily犹豫“直接拿远处的面包是否礼貌”，用if提出假设场景（“如果我直接伸手拿面包”），符合疑问句中“对未知情况的假设与担忧”（如“如果我忘带作业，老师会说我吗”）；若填unless（“除非我直接拿面包”），则逻辑不通（“除非直接拿，否则会被认为无礼”与后文“请人递面包”的规则矛盾），故填if。
13. 空13：答案unless
解析：引导条件状语从句，表“除非”。语境逻辑是“想不被视作无礼，就应该请别人递面包”，即“除非你想被认为无礼，否则就请人递面包”，用unless体现这一“否定条件”；若填if（“如果不想被认为无礼，就请人递面包”），虽语义接近，但unless更能凸显“礼仪规则的强制性”，且与第6题unless的用法呼应，强化对“否定条件”的记忆，故填unless。
14. 空14：答案if
解析：引导条件状语从句，表“如果”。语境中“主人给你第二份食物”是假设的场景，用if引出该场景下的应对方式（“说‘Just a little, thanks’”），符合“针对假设场景给建议”的逻辑（如“如果下雨，我们就带伞”）；若填unless（“除非主人给你第二份食物”），则建议内容（“说‘一点就好’”）与场景脱节，故填if。
15. 空15：答案if
解析：引导条件状语从句，表“如果”。用if提出假设行为（“一次吃太多”），并引出该行为的负面后果（“可能显得贪婪”），清晰体现“行为→后果”的条件关系，契合餐桌礼仪中“避免过量、保持得体”的要求；若填unless（“除非一次吃太多”），则后果（“显得贪婪”）与行为逻辑颠倒（“除非吃太多，否则会显得贪婪”不符合常理），故填if。
16. 空16：答案until
解析：引导时间状语从句，构成“”结构（表“直到……才”）。语境中“Lily不能离席”的状态持续到“所有人都吃完”，用until体现英国礼仪中“集体用餐需同步离席”的规则，与第8题“”的用法形成呼应，强化对该结构的记忆；若填befre（“所有人吃完前不能离席”），虽语义接近，但“”是标准语法结构，更符合考试要求，故填until。
17. 空17：答案befre
解析：引导时间状语从句，表“在……之前”。“做好准备”发生在“Lily来英国”之前，这一动作顺序与前文第2题“登机前学习习俗”形成呼应，贯穿“提前准备规避失误”的主线；时态上，八年级阶段允许用一般过去时（prepared/came）表“过去的先后动作”，无需复杂的过去完成时（had prepared），语法正确且符合学生认知水平，故填befre。
18. 空18：答案s
解析：构成“”固定结构，s后接形容词cnfused（“困惑的”），强调“若没提前准备，困惑程度会很深”。此处“s cnfused”是对“没准备”后果的程度描述，为后文“不能享受热情招待”的结果做铺垫；若填such，such后需接名词（如such cnfusin），与“cnfused”（形容词）不匹配，故填s。
19. 空19：答案that
解析：构成“”固定结构，that引出“s cnfused”（如此困惑）带来的结果——“culdn’t enjy the warm welcme”（不能享受史密斯一家的热情招待）。用“负面结果”反衬“提前准备”的重要性，与第10-11题“”的用法形成对比（前者是“紧张→失误”，后者是“困惑→影响体验”），巩固对该结构的理解，故填that。
四、
1. abut；2. n；3. in；4. ff；5. abut
1. 答案：abut
解析：本题对应短语“be embarrassed abut sth（因某事感到尴尬）”，句子语境是“学生因在全班面前的糟糕表现而感到尴尬”，因此填介词abut。
2. 答案：n
解析：本题对应短语“cngratulate sb. n (ding) sth（祝贺某人做了某事）”，句子语境是“班主任带头祝贺篮球队取得胜利”，“祝贺某人的某件事”需用介词n连接，因此填n。
3. 答案：in
解析：本题对应短语“ cmmn（有共同之处）”，句子语境是“露西和莉莉在书籍、音乐的喜好上有不少共同之处”，因此填介词in。
4. 答案：ff
解析：本题对应短语“（使不碰到；使避开）”，句子语境是“餐桌礼仪要求吃饭时让肘部不碰到餐桌”，因此填介词ff。
5. 答案：abut
解析：本题对应短语“be cnfused abut sth（对某事感到困惑）”，句子语境是“学生对如何正确使用句式感到更困惑”，因此填介词abut。
五、
1. embarrassing 2. cnfusin 3. manners 4. imprper 5. cngratulatins 6. traditinal 7. cultural 8. serving 9. uncmmn 10. received
1. embarrassing：括号内embarrass是动词，s后需接形容词；此处修饰事物（stry），故用embarrassing（修饰事物表“令人尴尬的”，修饰人用embarrassed），符合八年级形容词的用法规则。
2. cnfusin：括号内cnfuse是动词，介词in后需接名词；cnfuse的名词形式为cnfusin，“in cnfusin”是固定短语，表“处于困惑中”。
3. manners：manner表“礼仪”时需用复数形式manners，“table manners”是固定搭配（餐桌礼仪），是八年级关于名词复数的特殊用法考点。
4. imprper：括号内prper是“合适的”，根据语境“公共场合对老人大喊是不礼貌的”，需用其反义词；通过前缀im-构成否定形容词imprper（不合适的）。
5. cngratulatins：括号内cngratulate是动词，形容词性物主代词their后需接名词；cngratulate的名词形式为cngratulatin，且常用复数形式cngratulatins（表“祝贺”）。
6. traditinal：括号内traditin是名词，需修饰名词villages，故转换为形容词traditinal（传统的），符合八年级词形转换（名词→形容词）的考点。
7. cultural：括号内culture是名词，需修饰名词differences，故转换为形容词cultural（文化的），“cultural differences”表“文化差异”。
8. serving：括号内serve是动词，代词each后需接名词；serve的名词形式为serving，表“（食物的）一份”，契合“每份小吃”的语境。
9. uncmmn：括号内cmmn是“常见的”，根据语境“普通书店里找到珍本是罕见的”，需用其反义词；通过前缀un-构成否定形容词uncmmn（罕见的）。
10. received：括号内receive是动词，后文“made”是一般过去时，时态需一致，故用receive的一般过去式received
六、
1. cnfused 2. surprising 3. embarrassing 4. disappinted 5. impressive 6. relaxed 7. pleasing 8. amazing 9. tiring 10. bred
1. cnfused：括号内动词为cnfuse，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人感到困惑的”，需用-ed形式形容词；符合八年级“-ed形容词形容人感受”的考点，贴合“Mike不懂韩国餐桌礼仪”的语境。
2. surprising：括号内动词为surprise，此处修饰事物（共用餐具的习惯），表“事物令人惊讶的”，需用-ing形式形容词；对应“事物性质用-ing形容词”的规则，契合“美国常用分盘，韩国共餐”的文化差异语境。
3. embarrassing：括号内动词为embarrass，此处修饰事物（打翻茶杯的时刻），表“事物令人尴尬的”，需用-ing形式形容词；覆盖题目要求的“尴尬”主题，符合“修饰场景/时刻用-ing形容词”的用法。
4. disappinted：括号内动词为disappint，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人因犯错感到失望的”，需用-ed形式形容词；结合“Mike对自己犯错不满”的语境，匹配“人对事物的感受用-ed形容词”的考点。
5. impressive：括号内动词为impress，此处修饰事物（家人的笑容与安慰），表“事物令人印象深刻的”，需用-ing形式形容词；贴合“家人包容态度让人难忘”的语境，符合“事物特征用-ing形容词”的规则。
6. relaxed：括号内动词为relax，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人逐渐感到放松的”，需用-ed形式形容词；呼应“家人安慰后Mike状态转变”的情节，匹配“人自身状态用-ed形容词”的用法。
7. pleasing：括号内动词为please，此处修饰事物（泡菜的味道），表“事物令人愉悦的”，需用-ing形式形容词；结合“Mike觉得泡菜好吃”的语境，符合“感官体验（味道）用-ing形容词”的考点。
8. amazing：括号内动词为amaze，此处修饰事物（韩国节日故事），表“事物令人惊奇的”，需用-ing形式形容词；契合“故事内容与美国传统不同，让人觉得新奇”的语境，对应“事物内容用-ing形容词”的规则。
9. tiring：括号内动词为tire，此处修饰事物（漫长的晚餐），表“事物令人疲倦的”，需用-ing形式形容词；结合“晚餐持续3小时”的情节，符合“事物耗时/费力用-ing形容词”的考点。
10. bred：括号内动词为bre，此处修饰人（Mike），表“人没有感到无聊的”，需用-ed形式形容词；呼应“晚餐每部分都新鲜有趣”的结尾，匹配“人主观感受用-ed形容词”的用法。
1. cnfusin 2. imprper 3. traditinal 4. manners 5. serving 6. uncmmn 7. frmally 8. embarrassing 9. cultural 10. received
1. cnfusin：括号内cnfuse是动词，“a lt f”后需接名词；cnfuse的名词形式为cnfusin（表“困惑”），契合“Le不了解他国社交规则”的语境，考动词转名词的词类转换。
2. imprper：括号内prper是“合适的”，结合语境“握手不符合法国传统问候方式”，需用否定前缀“im-”构成imprper（表“不合适的”），考形容词的否定前缀用法。
3. traditinal：括号内traditin是名词，需修饰名词“greeting”，故转换为形容词traditinal（表“传统的”），考名词转形容词的词类转换。
4. manners：manner表“礼仪”时为固定复数用法（table manners是教材核心短语“餐桌礼仪”），考名词复数的特殊搭配。
5. serving：括号内serve是动词，“a small”后需接名词；serve的名词形式serve表“（食物的）一份”，契合“日本餐食分份”的语境，考动词转名词的拓展用法。
6. uncmmn：括号内cmmn是“常见的”，结合文化常识“泰国多使用勺叉组合，单独用叉子不常见”，需用否定前缀“un-”构成uncmmn（表“罕见的”），考形容词的否定前缀与文化语境结合。
7. frmally：括号内frmal是形容词，需修饰动词“dressed”（着装），故转换为副词frmally（表“正式地”），考形容词转副词修饰动词的用法。
8. embarrassing：括号内embarrass是动词，需修饰事物“mment”（时刻），故用-ing形式形容词embarrassing（表“令人尴尬的”），考-ed/-ing形容词的区分（-ed修饰人，-ing修饰事物）。
9. cultural：括号内culture是名词，需修饰名词“differences”（差异），故转换为形容词cultural（表“文化的”），考名词转形容词的高频考点。
10. received：括号内receive是动词，文章整体描述过去发生的文化节事件，时态为一般过去时，故用receive的过去式received，考时态一致性（全文过去时）。
七、
1. table, manners, cnfusing, wrried
2. small, gift, bring, fd, hst, t
3. remember, wait, fr, hst, befre
4. get, cnfused, watch, des
5. helped, mre, custms, had, embarrassing, a, party
6. nrmal, n, time, a, few, arriving, cause
7. shuld, always, dress, fr, ccasin
8. best, nt, persnal, knw, persn, quite
9. Last, but, make, sure, use, whenever
10. staying, their, family, tw, nervus
八、
1. 翻译答案：It's imprper t wear casual T-shirts n frmal dinner ccasins.
2. 翻译答案：When I prnunced my French friend's name wrng by accident, the scene was really embarrassing, and I felt quite embarrassed.
3. 翻译答案：Dn't tuch thers' religius items casually unless yu knw the lcal cultural traditins well.
4. 翻译答案：Last time I visited my Japanese classmate's hme, I remembered t wait fr the hst t greet me with a bw befre I returned the greeting.
5. 翻译答案：The differences in table manners between different cuntries are s large that many travelers will fall int cnfusin when they first arrive abrad.
九、
阅读理解一：1. A2. B3. C4. D5. B
阅读理解二：1. B2. C3. A4. C5. B
阅读理解一：
1. 答案：A
解析：根据材料第二段“Japanese peple believe shes carry dirt frm utside, s wearing them indrs is seen as rude”可知，日本人让客人脱鞋是因为鞋子会带外部的灰尘，目的是保持室内地板干净。B（让客人放松）、C（显示鞋子不贵）、D（追随新潮流）均未在材料中提及，故排除。
2. 答案：B
解析：材料第三段明确提到“a 30-degree bw is used when yu meet elders r aplgize”，即30度鞠躬用于拜见长辈或道歉。A（问候密友）和C（感谢同学）对应15度鞠躬；D（初次见陌生人）未在材料中提及鞠躬角度，故排除。
3. 答案：C
解析：根据第三段后文内容（“never bring gifts in sets f fur”“avid white wrapping paper”）可知，“tabs”指“禁忌、被禁止的事情”。A（特别礼物）、B（礼貌行为）、D（有趣故事）均与语境不符，故排除。
4. 答案：D
解析：材料第三段提到“yu shuld never bring gifts in sets f fur”，即不能送4件一组的礼物，由此可推断“送4块饼干作为礼物是不礼貌的”，符合D选项。A（白色在日本是幸运色）错误，因为白色包装纸与葬礼相关；B（“itadakimasu”饭后说）错误，材料指出这句话是饭前说；C（筷子可随意放桌上）错误，材料要求筷子需放在筷架上，故排除。
5. 答案：B
解析：材料开头即点明主题“when yu visit a Japanese friend’s hme fr the first time, there are many special rules yu need t fllw”，后文围绕“脱鞋”“鞠躬”“送礼”“用餐”等拜访规则展开。A（如何礼貌鞠躬）、C（日本送礼禁忌）、D（日西晚餐差异）均为文章局部内容，并非主旨，故排除。
阅读理解二：
1. 答案：B
解析：材料第一段明确提到“it’s a jyful time t remember and hnr deceased family members”，即亡灵节是纪念、缅怀逝去亲人的欢乐节日，核心是“庆祝逝去亲人的生命”。A（为逝者悲伤）错误，材料指出节日并非悲伤；C（清理坟墓并告别）和D（给孩子买糖骷髅）均为节日的局部活动，非核心意义，故排除。
2. 答案：C
解析：根据材料第二段“mariglds, which are believed t guide the dead back hme”可知，金盏花被认为能引导逝者回家，这是其在节日中的用途。A（最便宜的花）、B（颜色鲜艳）、D（逝者喜欢的花）均未在材料中提及，故排除。
3. 答案：A
解析：结合上下文“remember and hnr deceased family members”“celebrating the lives f the dead”可知，“deceased”意为“逝去的、已故的”。B（活着的）、C（年轻的）、D（年老的）均与语境矛盾，故排除。
4. 答案：C
解析：材料最后一段提到“Avid talking abut sad things; instead, share happy stries if yu have any”，即可以分享与逝者相关的开心故事，这是受欢迎的行为，符合C选项。A（拒绝主人的食物礼貌）错误，材料要求必须接受；B（糖骷髅象征恐惧）错误，材料指出其象征节日的欢乐；D（说“我为你的损失感到遗憾”）错误，材料明确禁止这句话，故排除。
5. 答案：B
解析：作者在文中多次用“jyful”“celebrating”“respect their traditins”等积极词汇描述亡灵节，强调其“纪念亲人、传递敬意”的意义，可见作者认为这是“欢乐且有意义的传统”。A（可怕的节日）、C（浪费时间和金钱）、D（复杂难懂）均与作者态度不符，故排除。
十、
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
1. A（prepare）：根据后文“it’s a cmmn way t shw kindness t hsts”可知，去朋友家做客需要“准备”礼物，符合语境；B（sell，卖）、C（thrw，扔）、D（break，打破）均与“送礼物表善意”的逻辑矛盾，排除。
2. B（height）：后文明确提到“hands at chest level fr friends, and higher fr elders”（朋友间手放胸口高度，对长辈更高），强调的是手的“高度”；A（shape，形状）、C（clr，颜色）、D（size，尺寸）均未在文中提及，排除。
3. C（prper）：结合前文Maya教“我”传统问候礼“wai”，以及后文“Maya laughed, saying I did well”可知，“我”尝试做“合适的、正确的”wai；A（wrng，错误的）、B（silly，傻的）、D（funny，有趣的）均与“做得好”的评价矛盾，排除。
4. D（remve）：根据后文“Shes bring dirt indrs”（鞋子会把外面的灰尘带进来）可知，泰国习俗要求进门“脱掉”鞋子；A（find，找到）、B（wash，洗）、C（repair，修）均不符合“避免灰尘”的逻辑，排除。
5. A（carefully）：“我”已知晓脱鞋的习俗，因此会“仔细地”把鞋子放好，体现对主人习俗的尊重；B（carelessly，粗心地）与尊重的态度矛盾，C（quickly，快速地）、D（slwly，慢慢地）未体现语境中“认真对待”的含义，排除。
6. B（eat）：后文提到“We use the left hand fr unclean tasks”（左手用于不干净的事），因此Maya提醒“我”不要用左手“吃饭”；A（ck，做饭）、C（buy，买）、D（share，分享）均未涉及“用餐时的手”这一核心场景，排除。
7. B（mix）：结合“sme curry with rice”（一些咖喱和米饭）可知，此处指用右手把咖喱和米饭“混合”后吃；A（pur，倒）、C（drink，喝）、D（cut，切）均不符合“咖喱配米饭”的食用方式，排除。
8. C（disappint）：前文提到主人劝“我”多吃，“我”虽快饱了但仍接受，因为不想“让主人失望”（暗示主人没准备够食物）；A（interest，使感兴趣）、B（surprise，使惊讶）、D（excite，使兴奋）均与“拒绝会让主人尴尬”的逻辑不符，排除。
9. A（cver）：后文“temple rules require visitrs t dress mdestly”（寺庙要求访客着装得体）可知，需要“盖住”肩膀和膝盖；B（shw，展示）、C（wash，洗）、D（tuch，触摸）均不符合“得体着装”的要求，排除。
10. B（quietly）：根据后文“talking ludly is nt allwed”（禁止大声说话）可知，在寺庙里要“安静地”走；A（happily，开心地）、C（angrily，生气地）、D（prudly，骄傲地）均与“保持安静”的规则矛盾，排除。
11. A（express）：结合“leave small flwers at the statue”（在雕像前放小花）可知，这是当地人“表达”愿望的方式；B（frget，忘记）、C（change，改变）、D（hide，隐藏）均与“放花表意”的行为逻辑不符，排除。
12. D（waved）：“说再见”的常见动作是“挥手”，符合日常交际场景；A（shuted，大喊）、B（cried，哭）、C（whispered，小声说）均不符合“告别”的正常氛围，排除。
13. A（fllwing）：根据后文“helps yu get clser t peple here”（帮助你和这里的人更亲近）可知，此处指“遵守”小习俗；B（making，制定）、C（breaking，打破）、D（inventing，发明）均与“亲近他人”的积极结果矛盾，排除。
14. B（remembering）：结合语境，学习文化不只是“记住”规则，更重要的是理解背后的善意；A（writing，写）、C（creating，创造）、D（changing，改变）均不符合“学习已有文化”的逻辑，排除。
15. C（build）：与“deeper cnnectins”（更深的联系）搭配，“建立联系”是固定逻辑；A（destry，破坏）、B（avid，避免）、D（lse，失去）均与“理解文化促进关系”的主旨矛盾，排除。