广东汕尾市陆丰市玉燕中学2025-2026学年高二下学期素养测试4英语试题含答案

这是一份广东汕尾市陆丰市玉燕中学2025-2026学年高二下学期素养测试4英语试题含答案，共14页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（考试时间 120 分钟，满分 120 分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The fllwing 4 famus paintings — frm Jan van Eyck’s prtrait t Pabl Picass’s masterpiece — have std the test f time.
The Amlfini Prtrait
Jan van Eyck’s Amlfini Prtrait, an il painting n wd prduced in 1434, in which a
man and a wman hld hands with a windw behind him and a bed behind her, is undubtedly
ne f the masterpieces in the Natinal Gallery, Lndn. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is als an infrmative dcument n fifteenth-century sciety, thrugh van Eyck’s
heavy use f symblism — while husbands went ut t engage in business, wives cncerned themselves with dmestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Ggh painted The Starry Night, il n canvas (帆布), a mderately abstract landscape painting f an expressive night sky ver a small hillside village, during his 12-mnth stay at the mental hspital near Saint–Remy-de-Prvence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum f Mdem Art in New Yrk City purchased the painting frm a private cllectr in 1941, it was nt well knwn, but it has since becme ne f van Ggh’s mst famus wrks.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an il painting n wd cmpleted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It describes the harvest time which mst cmmnly ccurred within the mnths f August and
September. Niclaes Jnghelinck, a merchant banker and art cllectr frm Antwerp,
cmmissined this painting. The painting has been at the Metrplitan Museum f Art in New Yrk City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black-and-white il painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pabl Picass in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers t the city that was bmbed by Nazi planes
during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the hrrrs fwar and as a result, has cme t be an anti-war symbl and a reminder f the tragedies f war. Tday, the painting is hused at the Muse Nacinal Centr de Arte Reina Sfia in Madrid.
1 ．Which f the fllwing paintings was prduced earliest?
A ．Guernica. B ．The Harvesters.
C ．The Starry Night. D ．The Amlfini Prtrait.
2 ．Wh created the painting describing the harvest seasns?
A ．Pieter Bruegel the Elder. B ．Vincent van Ggh.
C ．Jan van Eyck. D ．Pabl Picass.
3 ．What d we knw abut the painting The Starry Night?
A ．It was painted n wd in ils. B ．It described the painter’s life in hspital.
C ．It wasn’t widely recgnized befre 1941. D ．It was given away t the museum by a cllectr.
B
Yesterday, a salesman called me by phne, n behalf f a telecm cmpany, t sell his phne plans. I was at wrk and I usually didn’t like telemarketing (电话销售), s I excused myself that I culdn’t talk yet and said he culd call me back ne hur later, at 6:00 p.m.
That’s what he did. S we talked fr 15 minutes. He explained t me his different phne
plans, which he stated t be better than my current ne. While listening t him, smetimes I was lst in my thughts and I gave several “hmm hmm” as a sign f agreement t cnvince him that I was still there. Smetimes, I felt a bit impatient, especially as he had difficulty in crrectly talking in French. But I stayed calm and plite until the end f the discussin.
At the end f the cnversatin, he revealed (袒露) the fllwing t me: “Thank yu, Linda. Yu are the first persn in a lng time with whm I had an enjyable cnversatin. Usually,
peple shut at us, speak t us rudely, and treat us as thieves. Tday, since 10:00 a.m., I hadn’t had a cnversatin withut an ffense. I knw yu had a lng day at wrk and yu culd have
relaxed in frnt f yur TV. Instead, yu listened carefully t me. I sincerely thank yu. I wanted t tell it t yu.”
I thanked him fr this revelatin. I realized hw much he culd have been the subject f
verbal vilence, all thrugh his wrking days. Unfrtunately, the telephne enables the custmers t have such aggressive behavir. Indeed, physical barriers d nt exist in this situatin and a kind f dehumanizatin (非人性化) seems t happen. I am als cnscius that thse peple getting
impatient culd have been me. Yet, he was nly ding his jb and he shuldn’t have suffered frm the vilence.
4 ．Why did the authr let the salesman call back later?
A ．She meant t refuse him at nce.
B ．She shwed interest in his phne plans.
C ．She hped fr mre abut telemarketing.
D ．She wanted t use the way t discurage him.
5 ．Hw can we describe the authr during the 15-minute talk?
A ．Patient. B ．Careful.
C ．Kind f absent-minded. D ．Obviusly implite.
6 ．What did the salesman intend t express in Paragraph 3?
A ．His deep aplgy. B ．His true appreciatin.
C ．His anger at misunderstanding. D ．His sufferings in telemarketing.
7 ．What des the underlined part “verbal vilence” in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A ．Unkind spken wrds. B ．Physical barriers.
C ．Salesmen’s impatience. D ．Custmers’ Humanizatin.
C
Our slar system is peppered with large rcks, called asterids. If a big asterid strikes
Earth, there are many pssible utcmes. The space rck culd drp int the cean and nt harm anyne. Or it culd wipe ut a city. Peple have a hard time understanding the chances f an
asterid strike. S a research team calculated the likelihd and cmpared it with ther events — with sme surprising results.
“A large r medium asterid hitting Earth wuld be nticed wrldwide,” says Carrie
Nugent, a planetary scientist at Olin Cllege. While killer asterids have hit befre, such as the
ne that finished ff the dinsaurs 66 millin years ag, Nugent says a similar situatin is nt
expected t ccur in the future. “We try t put this event, which is actually a preventable event, in cntext with ther preventable events,” she adds.
Using a cmputer prgram, Nugent and her team mdeled a grup f asterids similar t
real near-Earth bjects (NEOs). They fed them int a prgram called JPL Hrizns. Anyne can
use that prgram t lk up predicted lcatins fr bjects in the slar system. Fr this prject, her team determined whether each mdeled asterid wuld crss paths with Earth.
That allwed the team t estimate the frequency f asterids bigger than 140 meters acrss, which is arund the size f a large ship, Nugent says. An asterid f this size wuld hit Earth
rughly every 11,000 years.
Hwever, that number is still hard t understand. S Nugent cmpared the chances f an asterid hitting Earth with ther events that peple may experience as fllws.
One-In-X Chance Event Happens t an Individual, r the Planet, Over a Human Lifetime
Bks and mvies ften describe asterid run-ins as unstppable events. “The truth is
actually entirely the ppsite,” she says. NASA’s DART Missin in 2022 hit an asterid that
wasn’t in danger f hitting Earth. The test changed the asterid’s path. This shwed that peple
might be able t avid such a crash ne day. S, it’s imprtant t d research, such as sky surveys, that lcate these bjects.
8 ．Accrding t paragraph 2, what des Nugent think f asterids striking Earth?
A ．It’s hard t predict it. B ．It’s urgent t prevent it.
C ．There’s n need t wrry abut it. D ．There’ll be disastrus utcmes.
9 ．What des the underlined wrd “That” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A ．Cmputer mdeling. B ．Frequency estimate.
C ．System peratin. D ．Prject assessment.
10 ．Which f the fllwing events is least likely t happen?
A ．Cyte attack. B ．Elephant attack.
C ．Carbn mnxide pisning. D ．Asterid impact.
11 ．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the last paragraph?
A ．T intrduce varius asterid research methds.
B ．T applaud NASA’s asterid research findings.
C ．T draw media attentin t asterid research.
D ．T stress the imprtance f asterid research.
D
In the blink f an eye, artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly entered every walk f life, frm self-driving taxis t sftware that reads X-rays, t virtual assistants that can schedule
meetings and draft e-mails. Hwever, will AI displace entire industries as mechanized factries did befre?
Like past wrld-changing tls such as mechanical clth-making machines, AI is set t reshape the wrkplace greatly. But techn-pessimists argue AI’s impact has never been seen
befre. Ecnmists estimate AI culd rb 40% f jbs, with machines replacing much skilled human wrk and nte that even remaining jbs may see declining wages due t reduced labr value. Amid these wrries, 2024 Nbel Prize-winning ecnmists Darn Acemglu and Simn Jhnsn advise learning frm David Ricard’s flexible thinking abut the early Industrial
Revlutin.
In his wrk Principles f Plitical Ecnmy and Taxatin, ecnmist Ricard initially
supprted new spinning machines (纺纱机), believing they wuld prmte prductivity fr all. Thugh hme spinners were displaced, many shifted t weaving (织布). Hwever, technlgy
changed everything: ne machine utperfrmed 10-20 handweavers, ending cttage industry.
Displaced weavers had n chices as factries created few new jbs, leading t falling wages and scial unrest. Witnessing these cnsequences, Ricard transfrmed his view. His 1821 revised
wrk acknwledged that factrs bsting natinal incme might als make ppulatin extra resurces and wrsen labrers’ cnditins.
England eventually learned frm the struggles f handweavers and the wrking class. The gvernment expanded plitical representatin fr industrial cities, passed the 1833 Factry Act t manage child labr, and ended the prtectinist Crn Laws in the 1840s t lwer fd csts.
The histry repeats tday. As the AI era appraches, Jhnsn ntes that AI has attracted
enrmus talents, similar t the late-1990s Internet bm, but histry — especially the Industrial Revlutin — shws that “new miracle machines d nt guarantee benefits fr mst peple.”
With thughtful plicies, AI can avid repeating past mistakes and build an inclusive future.
When technlgy is guided by wisdm and respnsibility, it can becme a pwerful tl that lifts peple up, reduces inequality, and brings greater pprtunities t all.
12 ．Which questin can paragraph 2 answer?
A ．Hw is AI t affect the wrk settings?
B ．Why has technlgy replaced human wrk?
C ．Wh suffered mst frm the Industrial Revlutin?
D ．What did clth-making machines bring t wrkers?
13 ．Why did David Ricard change his attitude?
A ．The clsure f cttage industry. B ．The appearance f spinning and weaving.
C ．The indifference f the gvernment. D ．The suffering f wrkers and the sciety.
14 ．What lessn can be learned frm the text?
A ．Every step frward is prgress. B ．Technlgy makes the cmplex simple.
C ．Histry is where yu find the future. D ．With great pwer cmes great respnsibility.
15 ．What might be talked abut fllwing the last paragraph?
A ．Details f David Ricard’s theries. B ．Plicy examples fr guiding AI.
C ．The intrductin f the Internet bm. D ．The develpment f AI technlgy.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Clr is fundamental in hme design—smething yu’ll always have in every rm. A
grasp f hw t manage clr in yur spaces is ne f the first steps t creating rms yu’ll lve t live in. D yu want a rm that’s full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place t relax after a lng day? 16 , clr is the key t making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel.
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. 17 , they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes,
the medium nes, and the large nes.
18 . They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst fus use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less
expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r
bkshelves. 19 . They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu’re lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are
significant. 20 .
A ．While all f them are useful
B ．Whatever yu’re lking fr
C ．If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D ．Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E ．It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F ．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G ．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
“Make me a muscle!” was my family traditin. My father wuld give my upper arm a
squeeze (捏) and laugh. “Very gd,” he’d always say. Then he wuld make a muscle back and ask, “Pretty _________ fr yur ld man, dn’t yu think?”
My father was a _________ member fwhat I’ll call “the Muscle Club”. He lved ding
exercises, frm bdybuilding t martial arts. He filled ur hme with the energy f — jump rpes in the crner and the sund f kicks eching thrugh the garage. And , my brther and I became his earliest .
Our garage was a hme , where my father cached my brther and me: we
kicked the air until ur legs , and bxed in ld glves. My father trained us equally,
ur size r age. During a bxing practice, my brther threw a quick punch (拳) right in my cheek. The made me fall backward. Hitting the grund, I burst ut crying. Dad
knelt dwn beside me, saying, “Yu frgt t blck!” I ndded with . Then he gave me a nudge, “Stand up. Shw me hw t yurself.” I std up slwly. When my brther
threw anther punch, this time I remembered t shw my — blcking it just in time. Dad cheered, clapping ludly.
As well as a strng bdy, what Dad gave me was a(n) . Strength was mre than abut being ; it was abut the curage t get back up. “Make me a muscle” was his
way f asking: “Are yu ready? Shw me yu’re here and t keep ging.”
21 ．A ．strng B ．dd C ．plain D ．awful
22 ．A ．keen B ．new C ．free D ．generus
23 ．A ．tensin B ．peace C ．balance D ．sprt
24 ．A ．accidentally B ．riginally C ．naturally D ．incredibly
25 ．A ．friends B ．students C ．assistants D ．vlunteers
26 ．A ．ffice B ．gym C ．study D ．kitchen
27 ．A ．recvered B ．ached C ．mved D ．extended
28 ．A ．because f B ．in spite f C ．in case f D ．regardless f
29 ．A ．frce B ．pressure C ．trick D ．gesture
30 ．A ．fear B ．cnfusin C ．laughter D ．tears
31 ．A ．teach B ．relax C ．defend D ．save
32 ．A ．muscle B ．face C ．vice D ．heart
33 ．A ．imaginatin B ．attitude C ．md D ．dream
34 ．A ．beneficial B ．emtinal C ．physical D ．impressive
35 ．A ．special B ．respnsible C ．attracted D ．prepared
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the 15th Five-Year Plan perid (2026 — 2030), the Natinal Space Science Center f the Chinese Academy f Sciences (CAS) will launch a series f scientific satellite missins,
fcusing n majr frntiers like 36 rigin f the universe and the start f life, fficials said at a press cnference held n Mnday abut the latest achievements f China’s space science pilt prgram.
Key missins include the Hngmeng Prgram, Kuafu-2, an explanet (外行星) survey
satellite, and an upgraded X-ray space bservatry. The Hngmeng Prgram, ____37____ (make) up f 10 satellites frming a radi telescpe array (阵列) that will g t the mn’s far side, is
designed t capture faint csmic (宇宙的) signals. The Kuafu-2, 38 stares directly at the sun, will be the first in the wrld 39 (rbit) abve the sun’s plar regins.
Since 2011, China’s space science pilt prgram 40 (launch) eight satellites, including Wukng and Micius, achieving many riginal 41 (discvery) — sme are China’s firsts, and even wrld firsts. As China’s pilt prgram t supprt space science
42 (systematic), it has pushed China’s space research frm “fllwing thers”
43 “keeping pace” and even “leading” in sme fields.
Meanwhile, the prgram has als actively pursued cmprehensive, multi-level internatinal cperatin, pineering new mdels f glbal partnership, accrding t fficials frm the Natinal Space Science Center. By establishing internatinal scientific teams and ____44____ (prmte)
data sharing, China cntinues t enhance the glbal influence and 45 (efficient) f its scientific satellites.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46．你校将举办英语演讲比赛，主题为“Hw a Sprt Has Shaped My Grwth”。请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.简要介绍你参与的一项运动；
2.阐述它如何改变了你；
3.分享它带给你的启发或对未来生活的展望。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hw a Sprt Has Shaped My Grwth
Gd mrning, everyne!
第二节（满分 25 分）
47 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
PE classes weren’t always easy fr Eva. While her classmates raced acrss the sprts field r scred basketball pints, Eva ften fell behind. She wasn’t as fast r as agile (敏捷的), and
she’d always shrink t the sidelines, pretending t tie her shelaces just t avid attentin.
One day, during a timed running test. Eva tripped and fell hard n the track. She managed t stand up and kept running, but still failed t pass in the end. When the PE teacher annunced the grades, a few students laughed, and Eva’s cheeks burned with embarrassment.
Later that afternn, when Eva went t the restrm, she heard her classmate Sandra say, “Bet Eva can’t even finish ne lap withut gasping like a fish.” The ther students agreed, adding mre hurtful cmments. Tears welled up in Eva’s eyes, and all she wanted was t disappear.
That evening, Eva’s mther nticed smething was wrng because Eva had eaten almst
nthing. After sme gentle questins, Eva finally tld her mther what had happened. Her mther listened quietly, then hugged her and said, “Everyne has their wn pace, Eva. What matters isn’t
hw fast yu run, but that yu never give up.”
The next day after schl, Eva’s mther surprised her with a pair f bright red running
shes. “Let’s train tgether,” she suggested with a smile. At first, Eva was hesitant. The thught f running again filled her with anxiety, but the lk f encuragement n her mther’s face gave her the curage t say yes. Then they laced up their shes and stepped utside. Frm that day n, they jgged arund their neighbrhd almst every afternn. Althugh Eva grew tired in the
beginning, her mther always cheered her n. “Yu’re ding great! One step at a time!” Slwly, Eva’s stamina (耐力) imprved, and she even began t enjy their runs.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, the PE class held anther running test.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Everyne was surprised at Eva’s prgress, including Sandra.
1 D 2 A 3 C
. . .
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四幅经受住了时间考验的著名画作。
1．细节理解题。根据 The Amlfini Prtrait 部分“Jan van Eyck’s Amlfini Prtrait, an il painting n wd prduced in 1434(扬 ・ 凡 ・ 艾克的《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》，一幅创作于 1434 年的木板油画)”；The Starry Night 部分“Vincent van Ggh painted The Starry Night, il n canvas (帆布), a mderately abstract landscape painting f an expressive night sky ver a small hillside village,
during his 12-mnth stay at the mental hspital near Saint–Remy-de-Prvence, France between
1889 and 1890.(文森特 ・ 梵高在 1889 年至 1890 年期间，于法国圣雷米德普罗旺斯附近的精神病院里待了 12 个月，在此期间，他创作了《星夜》这幅布面油画。这是一幅适度抽象的风景画，描绘了一个小山坡村庄上方富有表现力的夜空)”；The Harvesters部分“The Harvesters is an il painting n wd cmpleted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.(收获者》是一幅由老彼得 ・ 勃鲁盖尔于 1565 年完成的木板油画)”；Guernica 部分“Guernica, a large black-and-white il painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pabl Picass in 1937.(格尔尼卡》，一幅大型黑白油画，是由立体派西班牙画家巴勃罗 ・ 毕加索于 1937 年创作的)” 。对比创作时间可知，《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》创作时间最早。故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据 The Harvesters 部分 “The Harvesters is an il painting n wd cmpleted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It describes the harvest time which mst cmmnly ccurred within the mnths f August and September.(《收获者》是一幅由老彼得 ・ 勃鲁盖尔于 1565年完成的木板油画。它描绘了最常出现在八月和九月的收获时节)”可知，是老彼得 ・ 勃鲁盖尔创作了这幅描绘收获季节的画作。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据 The Starry Night 部分中的描述，“When the Museum f Mdem Art in New Yrk City purchased the painting frm a private cllectr in 1941, it was nt well knwn, but it
has since becme ne f van Ggh’s mst famus wrks.(1941 年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中购买这幅画时，它并不出名，但后来却成了梵高最著名的作品之一)”可知， The Starry Night 在 1941 年之前并未被广泛认可。故选 C。
4 ．D 5 ．C 6 ．B 7 ．A
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者接到电信公司电话推销员的推销来电，因自身不喜欢电话推销且正在工作，让对方一小时后回电；通话中作者礼貌倾听，最终收获推销员真
诚感谢，引发作者对电话行业语言暴力与待人善意的反思。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“I was at wrk and I usually didn’t like telemarketing (电话销售), s I excused myself that I culdn’t talk yet and said he culd call me back ne hur later, at 6:00 p.m. (我当时在工作，而且我通常不喜欢电话销售，所以我找借口说自己还不能交谈，并说一小时后，也就是下午 6 点，他可以再打给我。)”可知，作者说自己不能马上交谈，让销售员一小时后再打来，由此可推知，作者这样做的目的是想用这种方式来委婉地拒绝他。故选 D项。
5 ．推理判断题。根据第二段“While listening t him, smetimes I was lst in my thughts and I gave several “hmm hmm” as a sign f agreement t cnvince him that I was still there. (听他说话 的时候，我有时会陷入沉思，我会说几声“ 嗯嗯”来表示同意，让他相信我还在听。)”可知，作者在听销售员介绍电话套餐时，有时会陷入沉思，只是用“ 嗯嗯”来回应，由此可推知，作者在这 15 分钟的交谈中有点心不在焉。故选 C 项。
6 ．推理判断题。根据第三段“At the end f the cnversatin, he revealed (袒露) the fllwing t me: “Thank yu, Linda. Yu are the first persn in a lng time with whm I had an enjyable
cnversatin. Usually, peple shut at us, speak t us rudely, and treat us as thieves. Tday, since
10:00 a.m., I hadn’t had a cnversatin withut an ffense. I knw yu had a lng day at wrk and yu culd have relaxed in frnt f yur TV. Instead, yu listened carefully t me. I sincerely thank yu. I wanted t tell it t yu.” (在谈话结束时，他向我透露了以下内容：“谢谢你，琳达。你 是我很长时间以来第一个和我愉快交谈的人。通常，人们会对我们大喊大叫，粗鲁地和我们说话，把我们当小偷对待。今天，从上午 10 点开始，我就没有进行过一次没有冒犯的谈话。我知道你工作了一整天，本可以在电视机前放松一下。相反，你认真地听我说。我真诚地感谢你。我想告诉你。”)”可知，销售员在谈话结束时向作者表达了感激之情，称作者是很久 以来第一个与他愉快交谈的人，由此可推知，销售员在第三段中想表达的是他对作者真诚的感激。故选 B 项。
7 ．词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“I realized hw much he culd have been the subject f
verbal vilence, all thrugh his wrking days. (我意识到，在他的整个工作生涯中，他可能遭受了多少 verbal vilence 。)” 以及后文“Unfrtunately, the telephne enables the custmers t have such aggressive behavir. Indeed, physical barriers d nt exist in this situatin and a kind f
dehumanizatin (非人性化) seems t happen. (不幸的是，电话使顾客能够有这种攻击性的行为。事实上，在这种情况下，身体障碍并不存在，一种非人性化的现象似乎正在发生。)”可知，
作者意识到销售员在工作中可能遭受了很多攻击性的行为，结合“physical barriers d nt exist”以及“dehumanizatin”可推知，这种攻击性的行为不是身体上的，而是语言上的，即不友善 的言语，由此可推知，划线短语“verbal vilence”指的是“不友善的言语”。故选 A 项。
8 ．C 9 ．A 10 ．A 11 ．D
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家 Carrie Nugent及其团队通过计算机模拟计算小行星撞击地球的可能性，并将其与其他日常事件进行比较，以消除人们对小行星撞击的过度恐惧，同时强调了小行星研究的重要性。
8 ．推理判断题。根据第二段“While killer asterids have hit befre, such as the ne that finished ff the dinsaurs 66 millin years ag, Nugent says a similar situatin is nt expected t ccur in the future.(虽然致命的小行星以前曾撞击过地球，比如 6600 万年前导致恐龙灭绝的那颗，
但 Nugent表示，未来预计不会发生类似的情况)”可推知，Nugent 认为未来不太可能发生类似恐龙灭绝那样的小行星撞击事件，因此人们不必过于担心。故选 C。
9 ．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Using a cmputer prgram, Nugent and her team mdeled a grup f asterids similar t real near-Earth bjects (NEOs). They fed them int a prgram called JPL
Hrizns. Anyne can use that prgram t lk up predicted lcatins fr bjects in the slar
system. Fr this prject, her team determined whether each mdeled asterid wuld crss paths
with Earth.(利用计算机程序，Nugent 及其团队构建了一组与真实近地天体（NEO）类似的小行星模型。他们将这些模型输入名为“JPL Hrizns” 的程序中。任何人都可以使用该程序来查询太阳系中物体的预计位置。在此次项目中，她的团队确定了每颗模型小行星是否会与地球相撞)”及第四段“That allwed the team t estimate the frequency f asterids bigger than 140 meters acrss, which is arund the size f a large ship, Nugent says. (Nugent 说，这使得研究团队能够估算出直径超过 140 米（相当于一艘大型船只的大小）的小行星出现的频率)”可推知， That 指代的是前文提到的“cmputer mdeling (计算机模拟)”这一过程，正是通过计算机模拟，团队才能估算小行星撞击的频率。故选 A。
10 ．细节理解题。根据文中关于概率的表格（One-In-X Chance）可知，各事件发生的概率 分别为：A. Cyte attack (土狼袭击)1 in 1,000,000；B. Elephant attack (大象袭击)1 in 10,000； C. Carbn mnxide pisning (一氧化碳中毒)1 in 100；D. Asterid impact (小行星撞击)1 in
1,000 。注意：对数坐标的特点：坐标轴是 10 倍递增的（1→ 10→ 100→ 1000），所以视觉上 的距离不代表线性比例，比如 X 从 1 到 100 ，概率差了 100 倍，而不是 100 倍的视觉长度。概率越小，事件发生的可能性越低，土狼袭击的概率为百万分之一，是四个选项中最小的，
因此最不可能发生。故选 A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bks and mvies ften describe asterid run-ins as unstppable events. “The truth is actually entirely the ppsite,” she says. NASA’s DART Missin in 2022 hit an asterid that wasn’t in danger f hitting Earth. The test changed the asterid’s path. This
shwed that peple might be able t avid such a crash ne day. S, it’s imprtant t d research, such as sky surveys, that lcate these bjects.(书籍和电影常常将小行星碰撞事件描述为无法阻止的灾难性事件。但她表示： “事实恰恰相反。”美国宇航局 2022 年的 DART 任务击中了一颗没有撞击地球危险的小行星。这次测试改变了这颗小行星的轨道。这表明， 或许有一天人类能够避免此类碰撞。因此， 开展研究工作，比如进行天空普查，以定位这些天体，是非常重要的)”可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是强调小行星研究的重要性。故选 D。
12 ．A 13 ．D 14 ．C 15 ．B
这是一篇议论文。文章结合工业革命历史及 Ricard 的观点，探讨 AI 对职场的影响，指出需借助合理政策引导 AI，避免重蹈历史覆辙。
12 ．推理判断题。根据第二段“Like past wrld-changing tls such as mechanical clth-making machines, AI is set t reshape the wrkplace greatly.(就像过去的机械织布机等改变世界的工具一样，人工智能将极大地重塑工作场所。)”可知，第二段回答了第一段关于人工智能将如何影响工作环境这一问题。故选 A 项。
13 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“Displaced weavers had n chices as factries created few new jbs, leading t falling wages and scial unrest. Witnessing these cnsequences, Ricard
transfrmed his view.(由于工厂几乎没有创造新的就业岗位，失业的织工别无选择，导致工资下降和社会动荡。目睹了这些后果，Ricard 改变了他的观点。)”可知，工人与社会遭受的苦难让 Ricard 改变了态度。故选 D 项。
14 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The histry repeats tday. As the AI era appraches, Jhnsn ntes that AI has attracted enrmus talents, similar t the late-1990s Internet bm, but histry
— especially the Industrial Revlutin — shws that “new miracle machines d nt guarantee
benefits fr mst peple.”(历史在今日重演。随着人工智能时代的到来， 约翰逊指出，人工智能吸引了大批人才，这与上世纪 90 年代末的互联网热潮颇为相似，但历史 —— 尤其是工业革命的历史 —— 表明，“新的神奇机器并不能保证为大多数人带来福祉。”)”可知，我们能从历史中找到应对未来的启示。故选 C 项。
15 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With thughtful plicies, AI can avid repeating past mistakes
and build an inclusive future.(通过深思熟虑的政策，人工智能可以避免重蹈覆辙，构建一个包容的未来。)”可知，下文最可能谈论引导人工智能发展的具体政策案例。故选 B 项。
16 ．B 17 ．A 18 ．D 19 ．G 20 ．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。
16 ．36 题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除 D,E,F,G 项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选 B（不管你寻找哪一种）。
17．前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以 A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。
18．本空是一个主题句，总说选择小型颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小型颜色选择具体用于哪些。故选 D。
19．根据前文“ 中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”，接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是比小型颜色选择在两种方式上更高一级，故选 G。
20 ．根据前文 the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant（你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的），后文 F 项（那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好）是上文的结果。故选 F。
点睛：关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
37 题 A 选项中的 them 指代上文中的 different techniques 和下文中的 they 指代内容相同。
38 题上一段末尾提到要介绍三种颜色选择，本段详细介绍第一种 small clr chice.选项和语段中都有关键词 small clr chice。
39 题本段主要内容是 medium clr chice, 前半句承接上文中 medium 是 small 的升级，后半句引出下文的两种方式。关键词：tw majr ways 和 。
21 ．A 22 ．A 23 ．D 24 ．C 25 ．B 26 ．B 27 ．B 28 ．D
29 ．A 30 ．D 31 ．C 32 ．A 33 ．B 34 ．C 35 ．D
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲热爱运动， 经常带着作者和哥哥一起锻炼，作者从中不仅收获了强壮的身体，还学到了坚韧不拔的态度。
21 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他也会亮出自己的肌肉，问道：“你老爸我是不是也相当强壮，你觉得呢？”A. strng 强壮的；B. dd 古怪的；C. plain 朴素的；D. awful 糟糕的。根据上文“Make me a muscle!” 以及“he wuld make a muscle back”可知，父亲在展示自己的肌肉，询问自己是否强壮。故选 A。
22 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父亲是我所说的“肌肉俱乐部” 的狂热成员。A. keen 热心的； "B.new" B. new 新的； "C.free" C. free 自由的；D. generus 慷慨的。根据下文“He lved ding exercises, frm bdybuilding t martial arts.”可知，父亲热爱运动，是“肌肉俱乐部” 的狂热成员。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让我们的家充满了运动的能量——角落里放着跳绳，车库里还回荡着踢腿的声音。A. tensin 紧张；B. peace 和平；C. balance 平衡； "D.sprt" D. sprt 运动。根据下文“jump rpes in the crner and the sund f kicks eching thrugh the garage”可知，跳绳和踢腿声都是与运动相关的，说明家里充满了运动的能量。故选 D。
24 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意： 自然而然地，我和哥哥成了他最早的学生。A. accidentally偶然地；B. riginally 最初地；C. naturally 自然而然地；D. incredibly 难以置信地。根据上文“He filled ur hme with the energy f —jump rpes in the crner and the sund f
kicks eching thrugh the garage.”可知，家里充满了运动的能量，在父亲的影响下，作者和哥哥自然而然地成了他的学生。故选 C。
25 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 自然而然地，我和哥哥成了他最早的学生。A. friends 朋友； B. students 学生；C. assistants 助手；D. vlunteers 志愿者。根据下文“Our garage was a hme , where my father cached my brther and me” 可知，父亲在车库里指导作者和哥哥，说明他们是父亲的学生。故选 B。
26 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们家的车库就是家庭健身房，父亲在那里指导我和哥哥：我们不停地空踢，直到双腿酸痛，还戴着旧手套打拳。 "A.ffice" A. ffice 办公室；B. gym 健身房；
"C.study" C. study 书房； "D.kitchen" D. kitchen 厨房。根据下文“where my father cached my brther and me: we
kicked the air until ur legs , and bxed in ld glves.”可知，父亲在车库里指导作者和哥哥进行踢腿和拳击等运动，说明车库是一个家庭健身房。故选 B。
27 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们家的车库就是家庭健身房，父亲在那里指导我和哥哥：我们不停地空踢，直到双腿酸痛，还戴着旧手套打拳。A. recvered 恢复；B. ached 疼痛；
C. mved 移动；D. extended 延伸。根据上文“we kicked the air until ur legs”可知，大量运动导致腿酸痛。故选 B。
use
ned
28 ．考查介词短语辨析。句意：父亲平等地训练我们，不管我们的体型或年龄大小。A. beca f 因为；B. in spite f 尽管；C. in case f 万一；D. regardless f 不管。根据上文“My father trai us equally”可知，父亲平等地训练作者和哥哥，说明他不管他们的体型或年龄。故选 D。
29 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那股力量使我向后倒去。A. frce 力量；B. pressure 压力；
C. trick 诡计；D. gesture 手势。根据上文“my brther threw a quick punch right in my cheek”可知，哥哥打了作者一拳，这一拳的力量使作者向后倒去。故选 A。
30 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我含着眼泪点了点头。A. fear 恐惧；B. cnfusin 困惑；C. laughter 笑声；D. tears 眼泪。根据上文“I burst ut crying”可知，作者被打后哭了，说明此时眼里含着泪。故选 D。
31 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：教我怎么保护自己。A. teach 教；B. relax 放松；C. defend防御； "D.save" D. save 拯救。根据下文“When my brther threw anther punch, this time I remembered t shw my — blcking it just in time.”可知，作者记住了要防御哥哥的攻击，说明父亲在告诉作者如何保护自己。故选 C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当哥哥再次出拳时，这次我记得要展示我的肌肉，及时挡住了。A. muscle 肌肉；B. face 脸；C. vice 声音；D. heart 心。根据上文“Make me a muscle!”以及下文“blcking it just in time”可知，作者记住了要展示肌肉来防御哥哥的攻击，并成功挡住了。故选 A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了强壮的身体，父亲还给了我一种人生态度。A. imaginatin想象力；B. attitude 态度；C. md 情绪；D. dream 梦想。根据下文“Strength was mre than abut being ; it was abut the curage t get back up.”可知，力量不仅仅是身体上的强壮，
更重要的是重新站起来的勇气，这是一种坚韧不拔的态度。故选 B。
34 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：力量不仅仅是身体上的强壮，更是重新站起来的勇气。
A. beneficial 有益的；B. emtinal 情感的；C. physical 身体的；D. impressive 令人印象深刻的。根据下文“it was abut the curage t get back up”可知，力量更重要的是重新站起来的勇气，说明力量不仅仅是身体上的强壮。故选 C。
35 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“秀一下你的肌肉”是他在问：“你准备好了吗？证明你在 这里，并且准备好继续前行。”A. special 特殊的；B. respnsible 负责的；C. attracted 吸引的； D. prepared 准备好的。根据上文“Are yu ready?” 以及下文“t keep ging”可知，父亲在问作者是否准备好了继续前进。故选 D。
36．the 37．made 38．which 39．t rbit 40．has launched 41．discveries
42 ．systematically 43 ．t 44 ．prmting 45 ．efficiency
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国在“十五五”期间将开展一系列科学卫星任务及其取得的成就和国际合作情况。
36．考查冠词。句意：官员们在周一举行的关于中国空间科学试点项目最新成果的新闻发布会上表示，在“十五五”期间（2026-2030 年），中国科学院国家空间科学中心将发射一系列科学卫星任务，重点关注宇宙起源和生命起源等重大前沿领域。根据空后 rigin f the universe可知，空处需用定冠词 the ，特指宇宙的起源。故填 the。
37 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：鸿蒙计划由 10 颗卫星组成一个射电望远镜阵列，将前往月球背面，旨在捕捉微弱的宇宙信号。本句已有谓语动词 is designed ，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；(be) made up f“ 由 组成” ，固定搭配，所以空处需用过去分词 made作后置定语，修饰名词 The Hngmeng Prgram 。故填 made。
38．考查定语从句。句意：夸父二号直接凝视着太阳，将是世界上第一个在太阳极地上空轨道运行的卫星。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 The Kuafu-2 ，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词 which 引导定语从句。故填 which。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句已有谓语动词 will be，且句中没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；the first t d sth.“第一个做某事” ，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰 the first 。故填 t rbit。
40 ．考查时态和主谓一致。句意： 自 2011 年以来，中国空间科学试点项目已经发射了 8 颗卫星，包括悟空和墨子，取得了许多原创性发现——有些是中国首次，甚至是世界首次。根据时间状语 Since 2011 可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has dne ，主语是单数prgram ，所以此处助动词需用 has 。故填 has launched。
41 ．考查名词复数。句意同上。根据空前“many”可知，空处需用可数名词复数形式， discvery“发现” 的复数形式为 discveries 。故填 discveries。
42．考查副词。句意：作为中国系统性支持太空科学的试点项目，它推动中国太空研究从“跟跑” 向“并跑”甚至部分领域“领跑”转变。空处需用副词修饰动词 supprt，systematic 的副词形式为 systematically ，意为“系统性地” 。故填 systematically。
43 ．考查固定搭配。句意同上。 "" .为固定搭配，意为“从 到 ”，符合语境，此处表示研究阶段的转变。故填 t。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过组建国际科学团队和促进数据共享，中国持续提升其科学
卫星的全球影响力和效率。根据空前“By establishing internatinal scientific teams and”可知， and 连接两个并列的动名词形式，作介词By 的宾语，prmte“促进” 的动名词形式为prmting。故填 prmting。
45．考查名词。句意： 通过组建国际科学团队和促进数据共享，中国持续提升其科学卫星的全球影响力和效率。根据空前“the glbal influence and”可知，空处需用名词与“influence”并列，efficient 的名词形式为 efficiency，意为“效率”，为不可数名词。故填 efficiency。
46 ．One pssible versin:
Hw a Sprt Has Shaped My Grwth Gd mrning, everyne!
I’m Li Hua. Tday, I want t share hw basketball has shaped my grwth. I started playing basketball in junir high, initially just t stay active, but it sn became a vital part f my life.
This sprt has changed me a lt. Thrugh regular training and games, I’ve built a strng bdy and learned the imprtance f teamwrk. When ur team lst a key match last year, I
realized that perseverance matters mre than winning. Instead f giving up, we practiced harder and finally wn the next turnament.
Basketball has taught me t face challenges bravely. In the future, I’ll carry this spirit t
vercme difficulties in study and life, striving t be a better versin f myself.
47 ．A few weeks later, the PE class held anther running test. Eva tk a deep breath as she std at the starting line, her bright red shes gleaming under the sun. The memry f her last
failure flashed thrugh her mind, but she pushed it away, fcusing instead n her mther’s
encuraging wrds that her mther had said t her. When the whistle blew, Eva ran steadily, her strides cnfident. Thugh thers sprinted ahead, she maintained her pace, just as she had
practiced. By the final lap, her endurance surprised even herself — she wasn’t gasping fr air but running with determinatin. As she crssed the finish line, the teacher annunced, “Eva, yu
passed!”
Everyne was surprised at Eva’s prgress, including Sandra. Sandra stared, her earlier
mckery replaced by disbelief. After class, she apprached Eva hesitantly. “Hw did yu d
that?” she asked. Eva smiled, wiping sweat frm her frehead. “I practiced every day,” she
replied. Sandra’s expressin sftened. “That’s … impressive.” Frm that day n, the teasing
stpped, and sme classmates even asked Eva fr running tips. Eva realized that perseverance, nt speed, had earned their respect — and mre imprtantly, her wn.