2027年高考人教版英语一轮复习学案 课件含答案 01-奠基篇-专题一 构词法

这是一份2027年高考人教版英语一轮复习学案 课件含答案 01-奠基篇-专题一 构词法，共72页。PPT课件主要包含了奠基篇，专题一 构词法，核心突破 悟规律，灵活运用 提能力，考点1 派生法，考点2 转化法，考点3 合成法，合成形容词，合成名词，Ⅰ单句语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分 语法专项复习
派生法是由词缀（前缀、后缀）和词根相结合构成单词的方法。
1.表示否定或相反意义的前缀#1
1. （人教B2U2）I’m als reminded f the danger they were in. They were hunted, ________（legally）， fr their valuable fur.2. （人教XB4U1）It is hard t explain the strange and ___________（pleasant） feeling f time travelling.3. （外研XB2U1）Peple say that 18 marks a new chapter in ur lives, and that we shuld becme mre ____________（dependent）.
independent
4. （人教XB3U1）As there have been s many different styles f Western art, it is ___________（pssible） t describe them all in a shrt text.
5. The weather has been _________（regular） lately, with sunny days fllwed by sudden rainstrms, making it difficult t plan utdr activities.
2.表示时间、顺序或数量的前缀#6
写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思1. The frecast shws that temperatures will rise significantly tmrrw, leading t a ht and sunny day. _______2. A healthy lifestyle is a precnditin fr living a lng and happy life, including regular exercise and a balanced diet. _______3. The sun set behind the hills, casting a semicircle f range and pink light acrss the sky. _________4. After a lng jurney, taking a deep breath and relaxing can refresh yur mind, preparing yu fr the next challenge. _____________
5. Many mdern kitchen appliances are multifunctinal, cmbining cking, steaming, and baking in ne device, saving bth time and space. _____________
6. His autbigraphy revealed many secrets abut his childhd, prviding insight int his persnal grwth and struggles. _______
1. The ____________（cmpete） fr tp universities has becme mre intense, making it essential fr students t fcus n their studies and extracurricular activities.
2. _____________（appreciate） f nature helps us develp a deeper cnnectin with the envirnment and inspires us t prtect it.3. A prductive __________（discuss） requires everyne t share their pinins and listen t thers, fstering understanding and cperatin.
Appreciatin
4. The _________（exist） f scial media has significantly changed the way peple cmmunicate, making it easier t stay in tuch.5. The _____________（perfrm） f the new smartphne was impressive, with fast prcessing speeds and a user-friendly interface.6. __________（expse） t new cultures can braden ne’s perspective, helping t develp a deeper understanding f the wrld.
1. The train statin is ________（rugh） 10 kilmeters frm the airprt, and it takes abut 20 minutes t reach it by taxi.2. The landscape __________（gradual） transfrmed frm flat plains t rlling hills as we traveled deeper int the cuntryside.3. The museum’s cllectin includes many _________（value） artifacts that date back hundreds f years, shwcasing the histry f the regin.
4. Online learning platfrms make educatin mre __________（access）, allwing students t study frm anywhere in the wrld.5. The ___________（cntinue） supprt frm her friends and family helped her vercme the difficulty in her life.6. A ___________（meaning） gift desn’t have t be expensive; it can simply reflect thughtfulness and care.
1. Regular exercise can ___________（strength） yur muscles and imprve verall health, helping yu stay active and energetic thrughut the day.
2. If we dn’t take actin sn, the situatin will ________（wrse）, and the envirnmental damage may becme irreversible.3. （外研XB1U3）In this way, practising day in and day ut helped Stephen _________（sharp） his skills.
4. （人教XB1U4）We can use a smile t __________________（aplgy）, t greet smene, t ask fr help, r t start a cnversatin.
aplgize/aplgise
英语构词法中由一种词性转化为另一种词性但词形不变的方法叫做转化法。#1
写出下列英文的汉语意思1. nurse the sick __________2. seat a guest ________________3. free up space __________4. empty the bttle __________5. a fine fr speeding __________6. think lng __________
合成法是指由两个或两个以上的词合成一个词的方法。
用上面表格中的词语翻译下列句子
1. 使用环保的产品有助于减少污染。________________________________________________________
Using envirnment-friendly prducts helps reduce pllutin.
2. 他们爱好和平的态度使他们深受邻里的喜爱。_______________________________________________________________
Their peace-lving attitude made them belved by their neighbrs.
3. 他们的永久友谊帮助他们克服了无数挑战。_________________________________________________________________________
Their everlasting friendship helped them vercme numerus challenges.
4. 此外，他在书法方面已经取得了巨大的突破。_____________________________________________________________
Furthermre, he has made a great breakthrugh in handwriting.
5. 提交比赛作品的最后期限即将到来。____________________________________________________________________
The deadline fr submitting the cmpetitin entry is cming up sn.
1. （2025·浙江温州中学模拟改编）After running, I saw her _______（lse） her shelaces because they were t tight.
2. （2025·河南信阳高级中学模拟）The __________（different） in chsing between security and risk is smething everyne faces at sme pint. Hwever, risks ften lead t greater rewards.
3. （2025·安徽马鞍山二中模拟）The ____________（expect） f always being perfect can lead t burnut, which is why it’s imprtant t find balance in life.
4. （2025·江苏苏州中学模拟）At first, she was nervus abut making such a big life change, but _________（actual）, it turned ut t be ne f the best decisins she had ever made.
5. （2025·湖南长沙一中模拟） __________（definite）, we shuld nt let fear hld us back frm making chices that can lead t ur dreams.
6. （2025·山东师大附中模拟）Peple have ________（vary） reasns fr chsing t live in different cities, frm career pprtunities t persnal preferences.
7. It can be an expressin f ur persnalities, helping us make a gd and psitive ___________（impress） n thers.8. One f the mst _________（effect） ways t get sme insight n a pssible career path is t cmplete a “career aptitude test”.
A Tea is an imprtant part f Chinese traditins. As Chinese sciety develped and prgressed, tea 1. ___________（prduce） has played a rle in prmting ecnmic develpment while tea cnsumptin has remained a practice f 2. ______（day） life. Tea has an extremely clse relatinship with Chinese culture, and its study cvers a 3. ________（vary） f fields and has very rich cntent. The histry f Chinese tea is 4. ___ lng and gradual stry f refinement （完善）. Generatins f grwers and prducers have
perfected the Chinese way f manufacturing tea and its many unique 5. _________（regin） variatins. The riginal idea is credited t the legendary Emperr Shennng, wh is said t have lived 5,000 years ag. He required that all drinking water shuld 6. __________（bil） as a hygienic precautin （卫生预防措施）. One summer day, while visiting a 7. ________（distance） part f his realm（王国）, Emperr Shennng and the curt stpped t rest. In accrdance with his rder, the servants began t bil water fr the curt t drink. Sme dried leaves frm nearby bushes 8. ____（fall） int the biling water, and a brwn substance
mixed with the water. As a 9. _________（science）, the emperr shwed great interest in the new liquid, drank sme, and fund 10. ___ very refreshing. And s, accrding t the legend, tea was created in 2737 BC.#1.3
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的起源。
1. ___________
[解析] 考查名词。设空处作主句的主语，需用名词形式，表示“生产”，故填prductin。
[解析] 考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰后面的名词life，需用形容词作定语，故填daily。
3. ________
[解析] 考查名词。句意：茶与中国文化的关系极为密切，其研究涵盖了各种领域，有着非常丰富的内容。a variety f意为“各种各样的”。
[解析] 考查冠词。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且lng的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
5. _________
[解析] 考查形容词。句意：一代又一代的种植者和生产者已经完善了中国制茶的方式及其许多独特的区域品种。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词variatins，需用形容词，故填reginal。
6. __________
[解析] 考查动词的语态。句意：他要求所有饮用水都要煮沸来作为卫生预防措施。require后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“（shuld+）动词原形”；bil与主语all drinking water是被动关系。故填be biled。
7. ________
[解析] 考查形容词。修饰名词part需用形容词，故填distant。
[解析] 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：附近灌木丛的一些干叶掉进了沸水里，一种棕色物质与水混合在一起。分析句子结构可知，设空处为谓语动词，讲的是发生在过去的事，故填fell。
9. _________
[解析] 考查名词。句意：作为一名科学家，这位皇帝对这种新液体很感兴趣并喝了一些，发现它很提神。此处作宾语，表示“科学家”，应用名词scientist，且设空处被不定冠词a修饰，应用单数名词，故填scientist。
[解析] 考查代词。根据句意可知，此处指代上文提到的liquid，应用代词it。
B（2025·华南师大附中模拟）Chinese Names: A Windw int Culture Chinese names, with a lng-standing histry, carry prfund cultural meanings. Each name is a unique 1. ____________（cmbine） f characters. 2. ___________（specific）, it functins as a significant part f ne’s identity and a reflectin f Chinese traditins. In China, family names usually cme first, fllwed by given names. Mst family names, f 3. _______ there are abut 5,000 in use, have histrical rts. Fr example, the surname “Li”, 4. ________
Specifically
（trace） back t ancient nble families, remains ne f the mst cmmn nes in China tday. As is ften the case, given names 5. ___________（chse） carefully t cnvey gd wishes. Characters like “Mei” （beautiful） r “Zhi” （wisdm） are frequently used. Smetimes, names are influenced by histrical events, seasns, r natural elements. Fr instance, a child 6. ______（bear） during the harvest seasn might be named “Feng” （abundant）.
Gender differences appear in names: female names ften include characters related t beauty, grace, r kindness, 7. ______________ male names tend t cnvey strength, ambitin, r wisdm. In mdern times, 8. ______ the glbalizatin f China, Chinese names are als evlving. Sme parents nw include mre Western-influenced elements t make their children’s names 9. ________________________（distinctive）. Overall, Chinese names are 10. ___ rich tapestry （织锦） f culture, histry, and family values, carrying family values and generatinal hpes.#1.2.5
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章系统介绍了中国姓名的文化内涵，展现了其作为文化载体的独特价值。
while/whereas
mre distinctive
1. ____________
[解析] 考查名词。设空前有不定冠词a，应用名词；结合语境可知，表示“组合”的名词是cmbinatin。故填cmbinatin。
2. ___________
[解析] 考查副词。句意：具体来说，它是一个人身份的重要组成部分，也是中国传统的反映。设空处作状语，修饰整个句子，需用副词；设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Specifically。
[解析] 考查定语从句。句意：大多数姓氏都有历史根源，目前使用的姓氏约有5，000个。此处为“介词f+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是family names，指物，空处在从句中作介词f的宾语。故填which。
4. ________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，姓氏“李”可以追溯到古代贵族家庭，至今仍是中国最常见的姓氏之一。句中已有谓语，设空处应用非谓语形式；trace与the surname “Li”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填tracing。
5. ___________
[解析] 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常情况下，名字都是精心挑选的，以表达良好的祝愿。设空处为主句的谓语动词；主语given names为复数，且与chse为被动关系，此处表示一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are chsen。
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。设空处修饰名词短语a child，bear与a child之间为被动关系，需用过去分词作定语。故填brn。
7. ______________
[解析] 考查连词。句意：名字中存在性别差异——女性名字通常包含与美丽、优雅或善良相关的文字，而男性名字则往往传达力量、雄心或智慧。前后句是对比关系，应用while或whereas连接。故填while或whereas。
[解析] 考查介词。句意：在现代，随着中国的全球化，中国的名字也在不断演变。介词短语“with the glbalizatin f China”表示“随着中国的全球化”。故填with。