词汇17 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任-2026年高考英语二轮复习讲义（含答案）

这是一份词汇17 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任-2026年高考英语二轮复习讲义（含答案），共12页。学案主要包含了优秀品行，工匠精神等内容，欢迎下载使用。
必识核心词汇
巩固提升
一. 词汇拓展
1. ________n. 约定，约会；任命，委托；职务→________vt.约会；任命→________adj.指定的；约定的
2. ________adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的→________vi.依靠；依赖
3. ________adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n. 无辜者，单纯的人→________n. 天真；清白
4. ________adj.合法的；法律的→________adj.不合法的；违法的→________adv.法律上，合法地→________adv.违法地，非法地
5. ________adj.社会主义的 n. 社会主义者→________adj.社会的；社交的→________n. 社会→________n. 社会主义
6. ________n. 摄影师，拍照者→________n. 摄影；摄影术
7. ________adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的→________n. 内疚；犯罪；有罪
8. ________adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→________n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧→________adj.可耻的，丢脸的
9. ________adj.失望的，沮丧的→________vt.使失望，使沮丧→________adj.令人失望的→________n. 失望，沮丧
10. ________n. 宽恕，仁慈→________adj.仁慈的
11. ________n. 指导；导航→________vt.带领；引导 n. 向导
12. ________adj.灰心的→________adj.使人灰心的，使人泄气的→________vt.阻止，使气馁→________n. 泄气，灰心
13. ________n. 表现；表演；执行，履行→________vt.& vi.表演；表现→________n. 表演者；演员
14. ________vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→________n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
15. ________adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→________adv.渴望地→________n. 渴望
16. ________adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.获得，得到；保卫→________n. 安全
17. ________vi.& vt.毕业 n. 毕业生→________n. 毕业
18. ________vi.& vt.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者→________adj.志愿的
19. ________n. 回复；反应，响应→________vi. & vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应
20. ________n. 精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重→________adj.焦虑不安的→________adj.产生压力的；紧张的
二. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Slar and wind pwer are becming increasingly ________(rely) thanks t advances in battery strage.
2. Beynd its rle as a ty, the ________(principle) behind the Luban lck’s interlcking structures have been extended int the field f architectural design.)
3. I need t make an ________(appint) with the manager t talk abut my wrk plan this Friday.
4. A new virus ________(suspect) f causing the elderly peple cughing because many ld peple are seeking help in hspital nw.)
5. It is ________(legal) t use electrnic devices t cheat in the English cllege entrance exam.
6. The child lked ________despite the brken vase, claiming his ________with tears in his eyes. (inncent)
7. Tech teams cmbat cyber ________ with advanced sftware, and identifying ________ activities early prevents majr lsses. (crime)
8. I have ________(bare) enugh mney t live n.
9. After a thrugh investigatin, the man was prven ________(inncence) f all charges and released.
10. After ________(tear) dwn, the ld tea huse which used t be alive with business men n the mve has been replaced with a mdern cffee bar, leaving memries nly.
11. Instead f thrwing away a ________(wrap) after yu indulge in smething sweet, keep it in a jar.
12. He ________(pretend) nt t knw the truth fr years t avid getting int truble.
13. The plice pretended ________(addict) t gambling(赌博) t get clse t the criminal grup.
14. Last week, my name tags(标牌) ________(sew) int the cllar f my shirts by my mther.
15. Made frm bamb ________(harvest) in Zhejiang’s Anji cunty, the wrk jins ancient art and AI, creatively shwing the prvince’s cultural and technlgical vitality.
16. Thugh he didn’t win any medals in the last sprts meet, he was nt ________(curage).
17. There’s nly ne way t find ut: I'm rlling up my sleeves and training under the ________(guide) f senir stage masters in the field.
18. A well-crdinated rescue ________ is crucial fr effective disaster respnse, ensuring all teams wrk tgether in an ________ manner t save lives and reduce chas.(rgan)
19. Under the teacher’s wise ________, the students learned t ________ each ther in grup wrk. (guidance)
20. It’s a ________(merciful) that the accident happened s near the hspital.
三. 根据句意指出下列句子中划线单词的词性与汉语意思。
1. Tday Justin dreams abut setting up his wn garment shp n line, selling expensive clthes. (词性:________意思:________)
2. What he is interested in is neither gemetry nr histry but gegraphy. After graduatin, he will travel arund the glbe. (词性:________意思:________)
3. My grandma fund sme glue t stick the brken pieces f glass tgether. (词性:________意思:________)
4. Under the guidance f Prfessr Green, my granddaughter is nw gd at gemetry, and she is hardwrking as well. (词性:________意思:________)
5. The generus gentleman handed ut sme gds t the pr. (词性:________意思:________)
6. The fx was hiding sme grains in a hle n the hill when a gat happened t pass by here. (词性:________意思:________)
7. I am still green at riding mtrbikes while my grandpa has been gd at it since he was yung. (词性:________意思:________)
8. The ld small fridge can hardly hld five frzen geese. (词性:________意思:________)
9. A greedy farmer didn’t want his hired hand t stp wrking until the harvest time was ver. He was really hard n the helper. (词性:________意思:________)
10. Heads f gvernment frm mre than 100 cuntries are ging t gather in Geneva tmrrw discussing hw t handle the prblem f grain hand in hand. (词性:________意思:________)
11. He tried t keep the lad f wrk in check, but the emtinal lad still weighed n him. ________________
12. They pltted t change the plt f the play withut telling the directr. ________________
13. His appintment t the new pst meant canceling ur lunch appintment. ________________
14. Her ideal jb matches her ideal f helping thers. ________________
15. The car inched frward by an inch in the heavy traffic. ________________
16. He used a nail t fix the nail that fell ff the wall. ________________
17. The manager decided t dismiss the idea and dismiss the careless emplyee. ________________
18. The divisin f labr led t a divisin in their pinins. ________________
四. 选词填空
1. I hld the pinin that we all need t keep up with the ________ f the mdern wrld.
2. Why d sme peple discver new vitality and creativity t the end f their days, while thers g t ________ lng befre?
3. A ________ f liquid waste is gathered fr medical examinatin.
4. I rather ________ we’re making a mistake.
5. Mst states ________ the right t free and adequate educatin.
6. The weather usually varies, smetimes quite ________ ur expectatins.
7. Mre is ________ abut the candy she created, and she’s als psitive abut what the future might bring.
8. He was ________ president fr the secnd time.
9. Wh shuld be t ________ fr the misunderstanding?
10. In cntrast, humans d nt seem t be as gifted as ther animals at ________ such chemicals.
11. Nt until he ________ real hardship did he realize the lve frm his families was imprtant.
12. If she had knwn what lay ________ her, she wuld never have agreed t g.
13. ________ mre mney fr sprts facilities will help schls develp better physical educatin prgrams and encurage mre students t participate in them.
14. Having lst engine pwer, the bat’s crew fund themselves ________ the wind.
15. Even when parents n lnger live tgether, they each cntinue t ________ their children.
16. The rm was empty ________ ne man seated beside the fire.
17. Researchers claim t have fund the first prf that getting a regular eight­hur sleep every night ________ t ur health.
18. The suspect remains ________ despite the high price put n his head by the authrities.
19. I am sure that this meeting will ________ the reinfrcement f peace and security all ver the wrld.
20. Dn’t bther yur father with s many questins. He already has had t many ________ his mind.
冲刺突破
Passage 1
阅读理解
【优秀品行】
(2025-2026学年辽宁省五校联盟高三上学期期末英语试题)A little mix-up between tw Bentley’s restaurants — ne in Nva Sctia, the ther ver 1, 500 miles away in Alabama — has turned int a sweet internatinal aplgy.
Darcy and Laura Clarke, the cuple behind Bentley’s Burgers and Fries in West Chezzetck, Nva Sctia, recently pened their mail t find a handwritten nte and $40 in U.S. cash frm a stranger in Alabama. Accrding t reprting frm CBC, the mysterius sender had accidentally placed a take-ut rder with the wrng Bentley’s — and felt s bad abut never picking it up that he r she mailed mney acrss the cntinent t make it right.
Darcy had taken the riginal rder n Octber 1st: tw cheeseburgers and fries. The caller had a suthern accent, but with turists passing thrugh all the time, nthing seemed unusual. When the fd sat unclaimed fr ver an hur, the Clarkes simply gave it t anther custmer and mved n.
The next mrning, thugh, this Alabamian sat dwn with a piece f lse-leaf paper and wrte what might be the mst plite lng-distance mix-up aplgy in histry.
“Obviusly, I called the wrng restaurant,” the letter said. “I hpe the amunt enclsed is enugh fr the cst f my embarrassing mistake. My sincerest aplgies.”
Nt nly was the mney enugh fr the meal — it even left a little extra. Laura has tld CBC that they plan t use the remainder in the happiest way pssible: adding it t their summer ice cream shp s they can hand ut free treats t kids next seasn.
Darcy has shared the stry n his Facebk page, where it has drawn millins f cmments cheering n this annymus(匿名的) act f hnesty. Darcy says he plans t send a thank-yu package t the return address — cmplete with a Christmas card and sme Bentley’s seasning.
At a time when U. S. — Canada chatter can feel divided, this tiny mment f accuntability and kindness has brught peple n bth sides f the brder a much- needed smile.
1. Why didn’t the caller pick up the fd?
A. He was t busy t cllect it.B. He frgt abut the meal.
C. He was t far frm the restaurant .D. The restaurant missed his rder.
2. Where d yu think Nva Sctia might be?
A. In the suth f the USA. B. In the state f Alabama.
C. In Australia.D. In Canada.
3. What did the Clarkes d after receiving the mail?
A. They returned the mney t the sender in a package.
B. They gave the rdered fd t anther custmer.
C. They psted the heartwarming stry n scial media.
D. They dnated the $40 t pr kids in the neighbrhd.
4. What d yu think the caller may be?
A. A trustwrthy sutherner.B. A wealthy bss.
C. A fdie blgger.D. A seasned traveler.
Passage 2
(2025-2026学年山西省大同市平城区高三上学期开学英语试题)If yu’re lking fr reasns t start training yur self-discipline, then yu can begin by lking at the benefits f being self-disciplined. Here are sme pints yu may be interested in.
• Imprved physical health
If yu’re self-disciplined, yu’ll be better able t say n t the urges t cnduct unhealthy behavirs like vereating, excessive drinking, and smking. 1 . Such behavirs include exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, and even making behaviral changes.
• 2
A lack f self-discipline can lead t prcrastinatin(拖延). It can als lead t inability t reach imprtant gals. If yu tend t prcrastinate, yu may find yurself ften wrking under pressure and struggling t meet deadlines. If yu’re unable t reach imprtant gals, it can cause stress and anxiety abut the future and chip away at yur self-cnfidence. But if yu can learn self-discipline, yu’ll find that yu’re less stressed and anxius because yu’re living up t yur expectatins and ding what yu set ut t d. 3 .
• Increased self-wrth and happiness
Self-discipline increases self-wrth because when yu achieve the gals yu set fr yurself, yu build belief and cnfidence in yurself. Each achievement, n matter hw small, is a building blck. 4 . They increase yur happiness, t. Studies shw that the mre prductive peple are, the happier they feel.
• Better interpersnal skills
Learning self-discipline is great fr relatinships. 5 . Being able t stp fr a mment and reflect n hw yu feel befre acting is an imprtant interpersnal skill. It helps yu handle cnflict effectively withut becming verly prtective r lsing yur temper and reacting angrily.
A. Reduced stress and anxiety
B. Less prcrastinatin and mre realistic expectatins
C. As a matter f fact, self-discipline is nt abut hw yu act
D. It will als bring psitive emtins and make yu feel gd abut yurself
E. A self-disciplined persn is better able t manage emtins intelligently
F. Additinally, yu’ll find it easier t stick t behavirs that prmte well-being
G. A number f them gradually frm a firm basis f belief and cnfidence within yu
Passage 3
(2025-2026学年湖南省长沙市天心区长郡中学高三上学期12月月考英语试题)Eight-year-ld Liam Parker was rushing t schl as usual. Suddenly, he sptted a silver car 1 under the sun. Inside there was a baby whse face was red and he kept 2 . Liam knew he must take 3 . First, he kncked n the car’s windw, but n ne 4 .
When he tried t pen the dr, he realized they were all 5 . Withut hesitatin, he picked a rck and hit the windw. Scared and nt knwing if he had dne the right thing, Liam 6 the baby. The baby’s damp skin pressed against Liam’s shirt as he held him carefully, rcking him 7 and whispering, “Dn’t wrry, yu’re safe nw.”
Suddenly, a wman’s 8 culd be heard. “What are yu ding t my car?!” Liam frze. His hands started trembling(颤抖) even mre. But upn seeing her baby, the wman panicked and 9 that She’d rushed ut fr milk but lst track f time. She then said t Liam, “Yung man, yu saved my baby.” But befre he culd speak, Liam heard the schl bell ring and 10 t schl. He didn’t get there n time. His classmates 11 him, calling him “Late Liam”.
During the secnd lessn, the classrm dr pened. It was the principal with the thankful wman. “There he is. I needed t thank him fr saving my baby,” she said. The whle class was 12 , staring at Liam.
That day, Liam was the 13 . His teacher called his parents, but nt t scld him. Instead, she tld them abut his quick thinking and 14 . Liam prmised he wuldn’t be 15 again — except if smene needed saving.
1. A. burningB. parkingC. mvingD. waiting
2. A. singingB. clappingC. cryingD. praying
3. A. turnsB. ntesC. phtsD. measures
4. A. appearedB. cmplainedC. fcusedD. stared
5. A. damagedB. lckedC. fixedD. remved
6. A. grabbedB. weighedC. frightenedD. entertained
7. A. strnglyB. directlyC. gentlyD. casually
8. A. whisperB. weepC. accentD. scream
9. A. acceptedB. recrdedC. explainedD. prmised
10. A. referredB. drveC. returnedD. ran
11. A. made fun fB. caught sight fC. fell in withD. lived up t
12. A. annyedB. shckedC. relievedD. cncerned
13. A. herB. shameC. successD. custmer
14. A. genersityB. braveryC. patienceD. ptimism
15. A. caringB. naughtyC. lateD. rude
Passage 4
【工匠精神】
(2025-2026学年安徽省合肥市第一中学高三上学期1月英语考试试题)Zhen Shisheng is a man with hearing lss and speech difficulties. 1 his physical difficulties, Zhen has lived a meaningful life, thanks t his interest in and talent fr and enthusiasm fr the traditinal Shanxi art f fahua ware.
Fahua ware, which is mstly made in the suth and east f Shanxi, is the prcelain versin f clisnne(景泰蓝), 2 the design elements are separated by cpper wires. Prcelain featuring these techniques 3 (fire) at lwer temperatures with the different clred glazes(釉料) and enamels(珐琅) applied t individual areas created by the slip lines.
When 4 (recall) his experience t learn the techniques t make this Shanxi handicraft with a histry f hundreds f years, Zhen said in sign language, “When yu lse sme abilities, yu wuld cherish all the thers 5 (leave) t yu. Only when yu apply all yur senses and abilities t yur subject f wrk can yu 6 (pssible) succeed.”
Zhen learned the craft frm his father, wh is 7 master fahua ware craftsman in a prcelain factry. Zhen’s creativity and innvatin are demnstrated in the 8 (free) f using lines and glaze clrs, as well as the selectin f patterns and images fr decratin.
The 9 (hard) part f learning t make fahua ware is that the fahua techniques have been lst fr abut 300 years, and tday’s revival f the art has been made thrugh artists’ painstaking research int ancient dcuments and existing museum exhibits, as well as 10 (they) wn imaginatin. And he believes this cultural heritage can be passed dwn t future generatins.
Passage 5
(2025-2026学年广东省东华高级中学东华松山湖高级中学高三上学期1月月考英语试题)Li Wei’s grandfather’s wdwrking shp was full f memries and the smell f wd. Fr many years, the ld man had made furniture using the ancient mrtise-and-tenn(榫卯) way, withut any nails(钉子). But nw, his shp had t be trn dwn t build a new shpping mall.
On his last visit befre mving, 17-year-ld Li Wei brught his classmate Emma, wh was frm England. “It’s just an ld, dusty place,” Li Wei said, feeling a little embarrassed by the ld tls. But Emma fund it interesting. She saw a brken wden stl(凳子) in the crner. “Lk! This part came lse. Can we fix it?” She asked.
Fr the first time in weeks, grandpa’s eyes shne with happiness. He sftly tld them that this stl was the first thing he made, fifty years ag. The crss-shaped tenn(十字榫) had becme lse. “Mdern glue can’t fix this,” He said. “It needs the ld methd — yu must be precise, patient, and understand hw wd wrks.”
He put an ld tlbx in frnt f them. Inside were special chisels(凿子) and a marking gauge(墨斗). “The secret,” Grandpa said quietly, “is nt t frce the pieces tgether, but t make them fit s they want t hld each ther”. Then he left t pack sme bxes.
Li Wei lked clsely at the wden jints. Emma checked the tls with curisity. “It’s like a 3d puzzle,” She said. “Yur grandpa is right — this is clever wrk.” Suddenly, Li Wei felt prud and wrried. The mvers wuld cme in tw hurs.
Paragraph 1:
Li Wei tk a deep breath and picked up the thinnest chisel frm the tlbx.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When the last jint fit perfectly int place, grandpa came back and saw the fixed stl.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任的名词
1. perseverance n. 不屈不挠，坚持不懈
2. passin n. 强烈的爱好，热爱；激情
3. hnur n. 荣誉；荣幸
4. gain n. 好处；利益
5. ambitin n. 追求，理想
6. cntributin n. 贡献
7. achievement n. 成绩，成就
8. advcate n. 提倡者；拥护者
9. devtin n. 献身；忠诚；热爱
10. discipline n. 管教；纪律；自制力；[C]训练方法
11. kindness n仁慈；和蔼；体贴
12. phase n. 阶段，时期
13. anchr n. 锚；给以安全感的人(或物)
14. jaw n. 颌，下巴
15. scar n. 伤疤；(精神上的)创伤；污点
16. diamnd n. 钻石
17. respnsibility n. 责任；责任感；责任心
18. handshake n. 握手
19. discriminatin n. 歧视
20. reputatin n. 名誉；名望
21. privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权
22. evil n. 邪恶；坏处；不幸
23. criterin n. 标准；准则；原则
24. bligatin n. 义务；职责；债务
25. dedicatr n. 献身者；奉献者
26. prtester n. 抗议者；反对者；持异议者
27. affectin n. 喜爱，钟爱；感情；影响
28. deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期
29. fault n. 过错，责任；弱点，缺点
30. virtue n. 美德；正直的品性；优点
31. integrity n. 诚实正直；完整，完好
32. garbage n. 垃圾；废话
33. saving n. 节省物，节省；储蓄金
34. bnus n. 意外收获；奖金，红利
35. harvest n. 收成，收获量；收获季节，收割
36. qute n. 引语，原话
37. mercy n. 宽恕，仁慈
38. guidance n. 指导；导航
优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任动词和动词短语
1. deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
2. hnur vt.感到荣幸
3. gain v. 获得，赢得，取得；受益
4. admire vt.钦佩；羡慕；赞美
5. behave v. 表现
6. persevere vi.坚持；不屈不挠
7. engage vi.参加，参与
8. cntribute vt.& vi.贡献，出力；投稿；捐献
9. dnate v. 捐赠，捐献
10. participate vi.参与，参加
11. advcate vt.拥护；支持
12. btain v. 获得，得到
13. cllapse vi.突然倒下
14. encunter vt.遇到
15. incrprate vt.把……并入；包含
16. enfrce vt.实施，执行；强迫，强制
17. bserve vt.观察；遵守；庆祝
18. qute vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明
19. sw vt.& vi.(swed，swn)播种，种
20. bless vt.(表示惊奇)；祝福
21. utline vt.概述，略述
22. suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得
23. arrest n. & vt.逮捕，拘捕
24. wire vt.给(某人)打电报；接通(电源)
25. resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去
26. frgive vt.& vi.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
27. cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊
28. wrap vt.包，裹，用……缠绕
29. parcel vt.裹好，打包
30. bw vi.鞠躬；低(头)
31. wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起
32. pause vi.停顿，暂停
33. be regarded as 被认为，被看作
34. make use f 利用
35. put ff 推迟，(使)延期
36. weigh up 权衡，仔细考虑
37. relay t 转达给……；转发给……
38. fight fr...努力争取，为……斗争
39. make up ne’s mind 做出决定，拿定主意
40. take granted 认为……是理所当然
41. run int 偶遇；无意中碰见
42. shw up 出现；现身；露面
43. pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会)
优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任的形容词副词和其他
1. remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的
2. casual adj.随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的
3. ambitius adj.野心勃勃的；有雄心的
4. prmising adj.大有希望的
5. admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的
6. humrus adj.幽默的，诙谐的
7. talkative adj.健谈的
8. unfrgettable adj.难忘的
9. unselfish adj.无私的；忘我的
10. daring adj.勇敢的
11. farreaching adj.影响深远的
12. sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的
13. evil adj.邪恶的
14. renwned adj.著名的，有名望的
15. authritative adj.有权威的；命令式的；当局的
16. keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷
17. resigned adj.顺从的；已辞职的
18. cre adj.核心的，最重要的
19. substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的
20. likewise adv.同样地；也，而且
21. barely adv.刚好；勉强可能；几乎不；刚才
22. temprary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的
23. decent adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当
24. anyhw adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地
25. wrthwhile adj.重要的，令人愉快的
26. superb adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的
27. reliable adj.可信赖的；真实可信的，可靠的
28. inncent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；纯真
29. legal adj.合法的；法律的
30. scialist adj.社会主义的
31. guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的
32. ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬
33. disappinted adj.失望的，沮丧的
34. discuraged adj.灰心的
35. natinwide adj.全国范围的；全国性的
36. nble adj.高尚的；贵族的
37. nrmal n. & adj.正常的(状态)
38. nwadays adv.当今；现在
seed
blame
suspect
elected
pace
guarantee
sample
enthusiastic
detecting
beynd
at large; set aside; at the mercy f; apart frm; weigh n; in stre fr;
be respnsible fr; pick up; cntribute t; g thrugh; set ut; make a difference