上海市普陀区上海市曹杨第二中学2025-2026学年高一年级3月阶段评估英语试卷含答案

这是一份上海市普陀区上海市曹杨第二中学2025-2026学年高一年级3月阶段评估英语试卷含答案，共10页。试卷主要包含了 A， Other等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw
speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what
was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After
yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. He drinks a lt f water during the day.
B. He desn’t usually drink this much water.
C. He has never been s thirsty.
D. He likes sft drinks mre than water.
2. A. He ges fishing smetimes. B. He went fishing nce.
C. He had t quit fishing. D. He has ther hbbies nw.
3. A. Chse the type f wash, press the red light and insert $1.50.
B. Chse the type f wash, press the green buttn and insert $1.50.
C. Press the green buttn, insert $1.50 and press START.
D. Press start buttn, chse type f wash and insert $1.50.
4. A. He has left the lecture. B. He has used his last piece f paper.
C. He said gd-bye t the wman.
D. He has finished giving the lecture.
5. A. He is a member f cmputer infrmatin club.
B. He desn’t want t frget what he just learned.
C. He is rganizing the infrmatin by number.
D. He is leaving with his ntes.
6. A. She enjys summer the mst. B. She’s t busy t g traveling.
C. She gets bred staying hme t lng. D. She desn’t like traveling.
7. A. She passed the spken examinatin. B. She tk the ral examinatin.
C. She gave them an ral examinatin. D. She knws she had an ral test.
8. A. G t a law ffice. B. Find a jb. C. See a real lawyer. D. Ask the man t hire her.
9. A. He used the wrng bus schedule. B. He’s ging t get a bus schedule.
C. He likes t ride the bus. D. He missed the bus.
10. A. A teacher. B. A shp assistant. C. The girl’s classmate. D. A repairman.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger
cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the
questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur
pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. He regards it as an ideal jb and is afraid f lsing it.
B. He likes this jb and des it prfessinally.
C. It is a jb lked dwn upn by ther peple.
D. It is nt his dream jb when he spends much time waiting.
12.A. Check fuel, water and brakes. B. Check il, brakes and tyres.
C. Check the water levels, brakes and lights. D. Check the safety and clean the car.
13. A. He is well - rganized with gd driving skills and pliteness.
B. He is waiting patiently utside, pening the dr fr passengers and making the car safe.
C. He neither eats snacks, nr watches televisin in the car.
D. He shuldn’t get angry and shuld always keep calm.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14.A. A science museum. B. An electrnics museum.
C. A film - making museum. D. An industry museum.
15. A. Walking n the Mn. B. Watching dangerus animals clsely.
C. Searching fr wild animals. D. Seeing cartn films.
16.A. Children. B. Old peple.
C. All ages. D. Small children and their grandparents.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17.A. In the classrm. B. In the wman’s ffice. C. At the testing centre. D. On the phne.
18. A. He asks fr leave t g back hme. B. He wants t say srry t her.
C. He suggests she change her exam schedule. D. He asks her t d a special favr fr him. 19. A. He lives t far away t get hme fr Thanksgiving and Easter.
B. He has made a mistake in his final test.
C. He wuld miss his exam at the end f the semester.
D. He can’t g hme fr Christmas.
20. A. She allws the man t take the exam n Tuesday. B. She makes the man buy a Thursday ticket.
C. She frgives the man’s mistake. D. She refuses the man’s request.
聂. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: Beneath each f the fllwing sentences there are fur chices
marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne answer that best cmpletes the sentence.
1 ．The thught f ging back hme was kept him happy while he was wrking abrad.
A ．that B ．all that C ．all what D ．which
2 ．It was midnight the weary travelers finally arrived at the deserted inn, where they culd seek refuge frm the biting cld.
A ．that B ．when C ．until D ．since
3 ． by his clleagues as a “distinguished teacher” has supprted the ntin that he is ding a gd jb.
A ．Elected B ．Electing C ．Being elected D ．Having elected
4 ．The engine just wn’t start. Smething seems wrng with it.
A ．t g B ．t have gne
C ．ging D ．having gne
5 ．Having n mney but t knw, he simply said he wuld g withut dinner.
A ．nt t want anyne B ．nt wanting anyne
C ．wanted n ne D ．t want n ne
6 ．Children nwadays tend t be s rebellius that parents ften feel at a lss abut what
frm them.
A ．expected B ．t expect C ．t have expected D ．expecting
7 ．The decisin , what is t be dne nw is hw t carry it ut.
A ．was made B ．has been made C ．having been made D ．having been making 8 ．Of the 200 drivers since the beginning f the year, 10% were fund in
knwledge abut traffic rules.
A ．t have been tested; lack
B ．having been tested; t lack
C ．tested, lacking
D ．tested, lacked
9 ．The wrld ppulatin several times since 1805, the result f is a series f prfund changes in glbal resurces, envirnment and scial develpment.
"A．" A．multiplied... it B．has multiplied... that
C ．has been multiplying... which D ．has multiplied... which
10 ．It was the inventin f agriculture enabled humans t settle dwn, them
the truble f mving frm place t place fr fd.
A ．that... saving B ．which... saved C ．that … saved D ．which … saving
Sectin B
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and
grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks use ne wrd that best fits.
Ppulatin Frecasts: UN vs IHME n Fertility and Decline
Fertility (生育能力) is falling, peple are aging, and by the end f the century humans
11 (decrease) in number n almst every cntinent, accrding t a recent study
12 (publish) in the jurnal Lancet. Far frm an verppulatin crisis, demgraphers (人口学家) are asking where the next generatins f yung peple will cme frm.
The study frm the Institute fr Health Metrics and Evaluatin (IHME) prjects the number f peple n the planet will peak just fur decades frm nw, at 9.7 billin, 13 falling t 8.8 billin by the end f the century.
In 80 years, cuntries like Spain and Japan wuld halve in size. China wuld shrink by
almst as much, leaving India and Nigeria as the wrld’s 14 (ppulated) cuntries. Only in 12 cuntries, including Smalia and Suth Sudan, wuld there be enugh babies t keep
ppulatins stable. The rest wuld be aging. And if the wrld meets targets fr universal educatin — the psitive driving frce behind falling fertility — there wuld be 1.5 billin peple fewer in
2100 than there are tday.
Wmen are having fewer children glbally because mre girls g t schl and mre
wmen knw abut hw t keep away frm getting pregnant. 15 demgraphers disagree n hw far — and hw fast — fertility will cntinue t fall.
While the IHME prjects the wrld’s ppulatin will start shrinking by 2064, the United Natins expects it t cntinue grwing thrughut the century. The difference in ppulatin
16 the tw estimates is abut 2 billin peple by 2100 — and the uncertainties are s great that bth research grups accept the pssibility f the ppsite trend.
One reasn fr the difference is that the UN, unlike the IHME, predicts that fertility rates will rebund (反弹) as cuntries grw richer.
Surveys shw that wmen acrss Eurpe and Nrth America have fewer children than they wuld like 17 barriers like expensive childcare, jb pressures and men nt taking n a
fair share f husewrk. By reducing the size f sme f these bstacles, cuntries like Germany have seen their fertility rate rise
“The UN prjectins embdy (体现) an ptimism 18 the lng histry f human
prgress will cntinue,” said Sara Hertg, a demgrapher at the UN, 19 (add) that
changing fertility rates are, in themselves, neither gd news nr bad news. “I hpe the level f
fertility reflects the number f children peple want t have, 20 is a sign f advancement t sme extent.”
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing sentences by using the wrds and phrases in the bx. Each can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne mre than yu need.
A. alarm "B.exchange" B. exchange C. diverse D. challenging E. significance F. influential G. chained H. extinctin I. predictable J. cvered K. admissin
21 ．The martial arts shw Wu BOT, where humanid rbts perfrmed alngside yung athletes, perfectly demnstrates the f integrating traditinal Chinese culture with cutting-edge
technlgy in the new era.
22 ．Linguistic is a serius lss fr all f humankind since languages are sme f the primary ways peple maintain their culture and are crucial t understanding ther cultures.
23 ．Free trade remves certain limits impsed n wrldwide cmmerce t make it easier fr natins t gds with ne anther.
24．Psychlgists wh have been studying the factrs that cntribute t happiness find that it is nt whether a persn in an apparently ideal situatin is necessarily happy.
25．Mvies serve as ur mst histry teachers, reaching and shaping audience’s views in a way that the prfessinal histrian cannt even dream f.
26 ．After checking my cnditin thrughly, the dctr said gently that there was n cause fr immediate .
27 ．The exhibitin is pen t the public and can be viewed ver the next cuple f weeks during nrmal pening hurs fr free .
28 ．Yung peple shuld nt be t utdated ideas but shuld embrace new thinking and keep pace with scial prgress.
29 ．The fund established by the lcal gvernment last year mst f the high medical
expenses f the pr patients wh were seriusly ill and unable t wrk t supprt their families.
30 ．T keep traditinal culture alive, we need t create a(n) variety f new frms and cntents s that ancient civilizatin can keep pace with the times and win the lve f yung
peple.
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passages there are fur wrds r
phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Hw many peple can speak English? Sme experts estimate that 1.5 billin
peple—arund ne-quarter f the wrld’s ppulatin—can cmmunicate reasnably well in
English.
Never in recrded histry has a language been as spken as English is tday. The
reasn why millins are learning it is simple: it is the language f internatinal business and , the key t prsperity. It is nt just that multinatinal cmpanies cnduct their business in English; it is the language in which Germans speak t Indnesians.
David Graddl, the authr f English Next, says it is tempting t view the stry f English simply as a victry fr is native speakers in Nrth America, Britain and Ireland, and
Australia—but that wuld be a . Glbal English has entered a mre cmplex stage, changing in ways that the English-speaking cuntries cannt cntrl and might .
An imprtant questin ne might ask is: whse English will it be in the future? Nn-native speakers nw ____ native English speakers by three t ne. The majrity f ____ in English tday take place between nn-native speakers. Accrding t David Graddl, many business meetings
held in English appear t run mre when there are n native English speakers present. This is because native speakers are ften at ensuring that they are understd in internatinal
discussins. They tend t think they need t avid lnger Latin-based wrds, but in fact prblems are mre ften caused by their use f idims, metaphrs, and phrasal verbs. On ne ccasin, at an internatinal student cnference in Amsterdan, cnducted in English, the nly British representative was asked t be “less ” s that the thers culd understand her.
Prfessr Barbara Seidlhfer, Prfessr f English at the University f Vienna, recrds
spken English between speakers f the language arund the wrld. She says her team has nticed that nn-native speakers are standard English grammar in several ways. Even the mst experienced speakers smetimes mit the “s” in the third persn singular. Many mit
definite and indefinite articles where they are in standard English, r put them in where
standard English des nt use them. Nuns that are nt plural in native-speaker English are used as plurals by nn-native speakers (e.g., “infrmatins”, “knwledges”, “advices” ). Other
variatins include “make a discussin”, “discuss abut smething”, r “phne t smebdy”.
Many native English speakers will insist that these are nt variatins, they are mistakes.
“Knwledges” and “phne t smebdy” are simply . Many nn-native speakers wh teach English arund the wrld wuld agree. But language changes, and s d ideas f grammatical
.
____
31 ．A ．well B ．widely C ．fully D ．regularly
32 ．A ．besides B ．therefre C ．therwise D ．hwever
33 ．A ．mistake B ．success C ．challenge D ．cmpetitin
34 ．A ．frget B ．underg C．justify D ．dislike
35 ．A ．understand B ．envy C ．utnumber D ．verlad
36 ．A ．encunters B ．instructins C ．negtiatin. D ．treatments
37 ．A ．rughly B ．slwly C ．swiftly D ．smthly
38 ．A ．pr B ．angry C ．clever D ．skillful
39 ．A ．equipment B ．ecnmy C ．cmprehensin D ．culture
40 ．A ．visible B ．cnsiderate C ．English D ．freign
41 ．A ．grammar B ．interactin C ．curses D ．vcabulary
42 ．A ．studying B ．explaining C ．checking D ．varying
43 ．A ．required B ．deleted C．judged D ．stressed
44 ．A ．harmful B ．implite C ．wrng D ．illgical
45 ．A ．phenmenn B ．research C ．structure D ．crrectness
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Each passage is fllwed by several
questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them, there are fur chices
marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
The bus screamed t a stp in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers barded and
struck up a cnversatin with me. They asked typical travelers’ questins—where was I ging and why was I traveling alne? My plan was t travel with a friend f a friend, I explained, but when I called her that mrning, she didn’t pick up and I had n ther way t reach her. My stmach was in knts, but I decided t head ut anyway, thinking I might run int her if I traveled t Tiberius, where we had planned t g tgether.
“Why dn’t yu travel with us?” ne f the backpackers ffered. They were experienced adventurers wh wuld wrk fr a few mnths, save, then travel fr as lng as they culd. Their
current plan was t explre the Middle East and Eurpe in three mnths while wrking in Lndn.
It seemed risky t travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. Fr the next tw weeks, I explred Israel with the backpackers and learned t trust my instincts in all types f new and
interesting situatins. When they hk a ride, I tk the bus, but when they wanted t steal int
the King David Htel’s swimming pl, I led the way. The wrld pened up t me because I
chse t travel alne. I jined cmplete strangers, wh becme clse friends. Years later, ne
cuple frm the backpacking grup even flew frm Sydney t Phenix t be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me cnfidence in all areas f my life. Since then,
I’ve backpacked alne acrss Suth Africa, sky-dived frm 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even mved acrss the U.S. with n jb lined up.
On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped int the wman I was suppsed t meet. Thugh I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phne.
46 ．By “My stmach was in knts” (in paragraph 1), the authr mst likely means that she was
.
______
A ．sick f riding n a bumpy bus B ．nervus f meeting strangers
C ．upset abut the sudden change D ．srry abut the impractical plan
47 ．Which f the fllwing best describes the backpackers the authr met?
A ．Curageus but disrespectful. B ．Jbless and prly educated.
C ．Warmhearted and trustwrthy. D ．Hmeless but lighthearted.
48 ．The authr’s sixth sense tld her that .
A ．she wuld get alng with the backpackers B ．it might cause truble t have a swim
C ．she ught t stay away frm the backpackers D ．it culd add excitement t get a free ride
49 ．What can be inferred frm the passage?
A ．Mst f the backpackers became the authr’s lifelng friends.
B ．The authr gathered the curage t be a fulltime backpack traveler.
C ．The wman missed the phne call with the purpse f traveling alne.
D ．The authr cnsidered it the best decisin f her life t travel n her wn.
(B)
D yu want t pen a shp in Lndn? First: yu must be aware that, as f tday, running a lcal independent shp is anything but simple. Secnd: yu must knw which is the mst
respnsive area f the city fr what cncerns yur specific business. Or as an alternative, yu must gain full knwledge f which areas have prved t be super high-paying basically fr any kind f business.
As fr Lndn, everybdy knws that it is ne f the wrld capitals f trading and
cmmerce. The enrmus number f residents, cmbined with the cntinuus inflw f turists, makes it a highly wanted city fr every kind f cmmercial activity.
Clearly, everyne — whether he/she is a British citizen r a freigner investr — wh
wants t start a business in Lndn must detect first the mst prfitable areas. And the fur mst appealing nes are listed belw.
Cvent Garden
Opening a cmmercial space in Cvent Garden, r in the West End in general, is always a winning idea. This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. A band f musicians that never cease t attract bth clients and new investrs.
Carnaby
Fr ver sixty years, Carnaby Street and the ther surrunding secndary rads have
represented an authentic asis r paradise fr thse wh want t g shpping in Lndn. First, the Swinging Lndn vibe, then the punk rck revlutin: everything — especially in terms f
fashin — has been created r passed thrugh there. And even in the Third Millennium, it remains a landmark fr everything related t fashin and new trends.
Mayfair
Are yu planning t pen a luxury shp? Then Mayfair is undubtedly yur spt. Renting a place here is highly expensive, but it’s a risk wrth taking. If yu play yur cards wisely, prfits
will nt be lng in cming. The nly questin is: have yu gt enugh funds t start a business in such an expensive area?
Bnd Street
Anther luxury area with a gathering f many established high-end brands, maybe the mst cmplicated ne. It is recmmended nly t thse investrs wh aim t start a real first-rate
business. Many small entrepreneurs r businessmen wrk a lifetime in rder t gain the privilege
r the great advantage f upgrading their business in this area.
50 ．This article is intended fr .
A ．British citizens wh want t buy luxury gds
B ．visitrs lking fr recreatinal activities in Britain
C ．investrs interested in starting a business in Lndn
D ．freigners participating in cmmercial activities in Lndn
51 ．Accrding t the article, if yu are planning t d business in Lndn, which factr is wrth cnsidering the mst?
A ．Lndn appeals t high-paying investrs frm all ver the wrld.
B ．Lndn is the mst prmising center fr trading, cmmerce and fashin.
C ．Lndn is where many landmark buildings and every kind f business lies.
D ．Lndn basts nging flds f turists and enrmus ptential cnsumers.
52 ．If yu get enugh funds and fancy pening a luxury shp, which is the last area t chse?
A ．Bnd Street. B ．Carnaby.
C ．Mayfair. D ．Cnvent Garden.
(C)
The thing abut space is that it’s huge — terrifyingly, impssibly huge. It tk three days fr the Apll missins t get t the mn. It takes between five mnths and a year t get t Mars and arund five years t get t Jupiter. Of curse, that’s still in ur neighbrhd. The nearest star utside the Slar System is Prxima Centauri (比邻星), which wuld take the Vyager spacecraft 80,000 years t get t.
We’re nt really built fr space travel. We dn’t live very lng, relatively speaking. Our muscles and skeletn need gravity. We need xygen, warmth, water and fd, but space desn’t have any f these. We’re als nt gd with high dses f radiatin. In ther wrds, space
explratin is an incredibly dangerus venture.
When I was a kid, explring space was a big deal. The last Apll missin t the mn was in 1972, but I was way t yung t knw anything abut it. The first space missin I actually
remember was Viking II, which landed n Mars. Hnestly, I was expecting it t find alien life. Nt intelligent life, maybe, but life. Tiny Martian (火星的) lizards r smething. Of curse,
there’s n water n Mars, s there were n tiny Martian lizards r anything else.
Back then I knew with abslute certainty that we were nt alne in the universe. It was nly a matter f time befre we’d pick up radi signals frm an alien civilizatin. I figured that ne day in the nt-t-distant future, thse aliens wuld land and we’d finally get t knw ur intergalactic neighbrs.
And when the Space Shuttle prgram was first annunced, I was cnvinced that the future was n its way. We were reaching utward. Humans were ging t explre the universe, meet
aliens, live n ther wrlds, and have adventures. And it was all ging t happen in my lifetime.
Of curse, nne f that has happened. There have been lts f incredible missins including Vyager I and II, New Hrizns, and Cassini. Nne f these missins have invlved astrnauts,
and the future that a lt fus had stamped int ur imaginatins hasn’t happened.
But we need t g n explring. Explratin, knwledge, wnder, imaginatin — these are the best f what it means t be human. Let’s bldly g already. The next giant leap desn’t have t be Mars. It wuld be mind-bgglingly cl t find micrbial (微生物的) life smewhere in uter space.
On January 28, 1986, I sat in the cafeteria f my Cathlic Memrial High Schl and
watched the Space Shuttle Challenger take ff. The teachers at my schl had set up TVs s that we culd get inspired. Instead, we all watched in hrrr as the space shuttle blew up again and
again and again. Seven astrnauts died. Nt ne f us thught that we shuld cancel the Space Shuttle prgram r cut NASA’s budget. If anything, we wanted mre. We still d.
53 ．The first tw paragraphs mainly talk abut .
A ．the difficulties f space travel B ．the main characteristics f space
C ．the limitatins f the human bdy D ．the lcatin f Earth in the universe
54．Accrding t the article, what did the authr expect space explratin t prduce when he was a kid?
①evidence f alien life ②adventures in uter space
③knwledge abut the rigin f life ④cmmunicatin with alien civilizatin
A ．①②③ B ．①②④ C ．①③④ D ．②③④
55 ．Accrding t the authr, why d we need t cntinue the cause f space explratin?
A ．Because it invlves the best things that make us human.
B ．Because it is a wrthwhile investment with huge prfits.
C ．Because we’re still in the primary stage f learning abut space.
D ．Because n majr prgress has been made in space explratin fr decades.
56 ．What message des the authr intend t cnvey thrugh the last paragraph?
A ．Mankind’sjurney t space is a lng and rundabut ne.
B ．N difficulties shuld stp us frm explring the universe.
C ．We need t encurage mre students t explre the unknwn.
D ．Mre effrts shuld be made t ensure the safety f astrnauts.
(D)
Everybdy lves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at yur wn can vanish if yu learn that a
clleague has been given a bigger ne. Indeed, if he has a reputatin fr slacking(懈怠的), yu
might even be utraged. Such behaviur is regarded as “all t human,” with the underlying
assumptin that ther animals wuld nt be capable f this finely develped sense f grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brsnan and Frans de Waal f Emry University in Atlanta, Gergia,
which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all t mnkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviur f female brwn capuchin mnkeys. They lk cute. They are gd-natured, c-perative creatures, and they share their fd readily. Abve all, like
their female human cunterparts, they tend t pay much clser attentin t the value f“gds and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates fr Dr. Brsnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s
study. The researchers spent tw years teaching their mnkeys t exchange tkens fr fd.
Nrmally, the mnkeys were happy enugh t exchange pieces f rck fr slices f cucumber.
Hwever, when tw mnkeys were placed in separate but adjining chambers, s that each culd bserve what the ther was getting in return fr its rck, their behaviur became markedly
different.
In the wrld f capuchins, grapes are luxury gds (and much preferable t cucumbers). S when ne mnkey was handed a grape in exchange fr her tken, the secnd was reluctant t hand hers ver fr a mere piece f cucumber. And if ne received a grape withut having t prvide her tken in exchange at all, the ther either tssed her wn tken at the researcher r ut f the
chamber, r refused t accept the slice f cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence f a grape in the ther chamber (withut an actual mnkey t eat it) was enugh t induce resentment in a female capuchin.
The researchers suggest that capuchin mnkeys, like humans, are guided by scial
emtins. In the wild, they are a c-perative, grup-living species. Such c-peratin is likely t be stable nly when each animal feels it is nt being cheated. Feelings f righteus indignatin(愤慨), it seems, are nt the preserve f peple alne. Refusing a lesser reward cmpletely makes
these feelings abundantly clear t ther members f the grup. Hwever, whether such a sense f fairness evlved independently in capuchins and humans, r whether it stems frm the cmmn ancestr that the species had 35 millin years ag, is, as yet, an unanswered questin.
57 ．In the pening paragraph, the authr intrduces his tpic by .
A ．making a cnclusin B．justifying an assumptin
C ．explaining a phenmenn D ．making a cmparisn
58 ．The statement “it is all t mnkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that .
A ．mnkeys are als utraged by slack rivals
B ．feeling angry abut unfairness is als mnkeys’ nature
C ．mnkeys, like humans, tend t be jealus f each ther
D ．n animals ther than mnkeys can develp such emtins
59 ．Dr. Brsnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually fund in their study that the mnkeys
.
_________
A ．prefer grapes t cucumbers
B ．can be taught t exchange things
C ．will nt be c-peratin if feeling cheated
D ．are unhappy when separated frm thers
60 ．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A ．Mnkeys can be trained t develp scial emtins.
B ．Human indignatin evlved frm an uncertain surce.
C ．Animals usually shw their feelings penly as humans d.
D ．Cperatin amng mnkeys remains stable nly in the wild.
(E)
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw
mre sentences than yu need.
Age Reversal Technlgy
Our life spans (时间段) used t be relatively shrt 61 Within the next 150 years, this was raised by medical advances. And fast frward t 2020 and glbal life expectancy is 72.6 years — higher than that in any cuntry in 1950.
As peple live lnger, ppulatin aging becmes a greater ecnmic prblem. It has bth
placed a burden n public health spending and decreased prductivity f wrkfrce. And aging is the fundamental driver behind many diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, t name just a few.
One expert in ppulatin aging at the Eurpean Mlecular Bilgy Labratry, Halldór
Stefánssn, explains that sme serius diseases related t aging — that very few peple lived lng enugh t experience in the past — have replaced infectius diseases as the main cause f death.
62
The amazing news is that age reversal technlgy will sn be a reality. On the bright side, the prcess f reversing aging is already pssible fr cells in scientific experiments. 63 In the freseeable future, we will be able t enjy a lnger life as well. The gal is t preventively target aging — the majr risk factr fr a wide variety f diseases and disabilities — instead f
treating ne disease at a time, which is very cstly. One future mdel prjected an increase in NHS expense f £42 millin year-n-year until 2031 due t the aging ppulatin.
64 That means the technlgy will restre ur vitality and bdily functin by remving the damage inevitably caused by the prcesses f life.
A ．And science has mved n t extend life spans f sme animals, thugh nt yet f humans.
B ．Human aging timeline is als driven by ther factrs.
C ．In the 1800s, life expectancy acrss the wrld was less than 40 years f age.
D ．S, the questin n all ur mind is — can science stp aging?
E ．Initially restricted t develped cuntries, ppulatin aging has als becme a trend in the develping wrld.
F．Age reversal technlgy will als increase health span — the length f time during which ne is
healthy.
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
65 ．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea f each paragraph in ne
cmplete sentence.
English in the third millennium
85. Tw thusand years ag English did nt exist. A thusand years ag it was a language used by less than tw millin peple. Nw it is the mst influential language in the wrld, spken by mre than a billin peple n the planet, as their first, secnd r third language. English currently
dminates science, business, the mass media and ppular culture. Fr example, 80% f emails n the Internet are in English and nearly all internatinal academic papers are published in English.
86. Where will English be at the end f the third millennium? One view is that English is ging t becme even mre imprtant as a glbal language, dminating the wrld’s trade and media while mst ther languages will becme lcalized r just die ut. At present, ver half the wrld’s
languages are in danger f extinctin. Anther view is that English is already breaking up, as Latin did, int several languages. There are already dictinaries f the “New Englishes”, such as
Australian English, full f wrds that a British English speaker wuld nt recgnize.
87. Hpefully, neither f these things will happen. Althugh different varieties f English will
cntinue t develp arund the wrld, standard English will survive fr internatinal
cmmunicatin. In additin, the frightening prspect f a culturally unifrm wrld ttally
dminated by ne language is impssible. Already, ther languages are fighting back against the irn grip f English n the Net. Gvernments arund the wrld are als starting t prtect smaller languages and recgnize the imprtance f cultural and linguistic diversity. English will prbably stay in cntrl fr a lng time, at least while the USA remains the tp superpwer, but it definitely wn’t becme the nly language in the wrld.
Ⅴ. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given
in the brackets.
66 ．得益于全球化，我们能买到世界各地的商品。（access n. ）(汉译英)
67 ．几乎没有什么能媲美在春节中阖家团圆的幸福。（cmpare）(汉译英)
68 ．尽管我们已经尽力了，但结果很大程度上取决于运气和时机。(extent) (汉译英)
69 ．本次比赛的运动员，年龄从 20 岁到 35 岁不等，都渴望夺冠。(range)(汉译英)
70．生活在没有文化差异的世界是令人沮丧的，因此我们应该颂扬的不是人类的相似性而是多样性。（nt but ）(汉译英)
1 ．B
【详解】考查关系代词。句意：一想到回国就让他在国外工作时很开心。分析句子可知，all为本句的表语，而后面的 kept him happy 是修饰 all 的定语从句，修饰先行词 all ，关系代词只能用 that 。故选 B 项。
2 ．B
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当疲惫的旅行者终于到达那间空无一人的旅店时，已经是半夜了，他们可以在那里躲避刺骨的寒冷。根据“It was midnight”和“the weary travelers finally arrived at the deserted inn”可知，此处是指当疲惫的旅行者终于到达那间空无一人的旅店时，所以应用连词 when 表示“ 当 时” 引导时间状语从句。until 意为“直到” ，since 意为“ 自
从” 。故选 B。
3 ．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他被同事们选为“杰出教师”这一称号，这进一步证明了他工作做得非常出色。本句已有谓语动词“has supprted” ，所以空处需填非谓语动词，空处作主语，用动名词，且此处表示“被选为”，用 elect 的动名词的被动式 being elected，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选 C。
4 ．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：引擎就是发动不起来，好像出了什么问题。seem 之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了”，不接 ding；出问题是发生在 seem 之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。
5 ．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有钱，但又不想让人知道，他只是说他要走了，不吃晚饭了。分析句子可知，but 表示转折，空格处 want 与 have 是并列关系在句子中作原因状语，和主语 he之间是逻辑上的主动关系，wanting 与 having 要形式对等，否定词放在现在分词 之前。故选 B 项。
6 ．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在的孩子往往都很叛逆，以致于他们的父母感觉不知对他们期望些什么了。此处考查 expect sth frm sb，意为“期望某人做某事”，“疑问词+不定式”作 abut 的宾语，设空处应用 t expect 。故选 B 项。
7 ．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：决定已经做出，现在要做的是如何执行它。句子的主干是
“what is t be dne nw is hw t carry it ut”，前面的“The decisin ”是一个独立主格结构，用来补充说明主句动作发生的背景（即“决定已经做出”），本空用非谓语动词。独立主格结构的逻辑主语“The decisin (决定)”与“make (做出)”之间是被动关系 (决定被做出)，用
被动形式；“make the decisin (做出决定)”这个动作发生在“carry it ut (执行决定)”之前，用完成时态，表示动作的先后顺序。综上，用现在分词的完成被动式 having been made，既体现被动关系，又体现动作的先后顺序。故选 C 项。
8 ．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词/形容词。句意：自今年年初以来，在接受测试的 200 名司机中，
有 10%被发现缺乏交通法规的知识。第一空处，动词 test 与逻辑主语 the 200 drivers 为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语；第二空考查主语的补足语，lack 的形容词为 lacking，
常用短语 lacking in，意为“缺乏”，后接名词短语 knwledge abut traffic rules，故选 C 项。
9 ．D
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句意：自 1805 年以来，世界人口已经增长了好几倍，其结果是全球资源、环境和社会发展发生了一系列深刻变化。第一个空格处是谓语动词，时间状语 since 1805 是现在完成时的标志词，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态； 主语 ppulatin 与谓语动词 multiply 之间是主动关系，因此用现在完成时的主动形式 has multiplied；the result f is a series f prfund changes 是一个非限制性定语从句，用来补充说明前面整个句子的结果；关系词指代前面整个句子的内容，且作介词 f 的宾语，只能用 which，不能用 that；it 不能引导定语从句。故选 D 项。
10 ．A
【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意： 正是农业的发明使人类得以定居下来，免去了为寻找食物而四处迁徙的麻烦。去掉 It was和第一个空格后句子成分完整，the inventin f agriculture 为句子的主语部分，所以此处为强调句型，即“it be+被强调部分+that/wh+剩余部分”。动词 save 意为“使免受” ，和主句构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故选A。
11 ．will be decreasing 12 ．published 13 ．befre 14 ．mst ppulus 15 ．But
16 ．between 17 ．because f 18 ．that 19 ．adding 20 ．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《柳叶刀》刊登的人口研究， 对比了 IHME 与联合国对全球生育率、人口峰值及未来变化的不同预测，并分析了差异原因。
11．考查动词时态。句意：根据最近发表在《柳叶刀》期刊上的一项研究，生育能力正在下降，人口正在老龄化，到本世纪末，几乎每个大洲的人口数量都将减少。此空考查谓语动词，主语 humans 与 decrease 为主动关系，by the end f the century 为将来时间，再由语境可知，这里应用将来进行时表示将来某段时间的状态。故填 will be decreasing。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最近发表在《柳叶刀》期刊上的一项研究，生育能力正在下降，人口正在老龄化，到本世纪末，几乎每个大洲的人口数量都将减少。此空考查非谓语， study 与 publish 为被动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语。故填
published。
13 ．考查介词。句意：健康指标与评估研究所（IHME）的这项研究预测，全球人口将在 40年后达到峰值——97 亿，随后开始下降，到本世纪末降至 88 亿。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“下降之前达到 97 亿” ，应用介词 befre 。故填 befre。
14 ．考查形容词最高级。句意：80 年后，西班牙、 日本等国的人口将减半。中国人口也将近乎同等幅度地缩减，印度和尼日利亚将成为世界上人口最多的国家。由语境可知，这里表示“人口最多的” ，应用最高级。故填 mst ppulus。
15．考查连词。句意：全球女性生育的孩子越来越少，原因是更多女孩接受教育，且更多女性了解如何避孕。但人口统计学家对于生育率还会下降多少、下降多快存在分歧。分析句子结构可知，前后两句为转折关系，应用连词 but ，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填 But。
16．考查介词。句意：到 2100 年，两种预测结果之间的人口差异约为 20 亿，而且不确定性极大，两个研究团队都认可出现相反趋势的可能性。由语境可知，表示两者之间，应用介词between 。故填 between。
17 ．考查介词短语。句意：调查显示，欧洲和北美的女性生育的孩子数量少于她们想要的，原因是昂贵的育儿成本、工作压力以及男性不承担公平份额的家务等阻碍。由语境可知，这里表示原因，后跟名词短语，应用介词短语 because f“因为” 。故填 because f。
18 ．考查同位语从句。句意：联合国人口统计学家萨拉 ・ 赫托格表示：“联合国的预测体现出一种乐观态度，即人类漫长的进步历程将延续下去。”他补充说，生育率的变化本身既非好消息，也非坏消息。分析句子结构可知，这里考查同位语从句，从句解释说明 ptimism，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用 that 引导。故填 that。
19 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国人口统计学家萨拉 ・ 赫托格表示：“联合国的预测体现出一种乐观态度，即人类漫长的进步历程将延续下去。”他补充说，生育率的变化本身既非
好消息，也非坏消息。此空考查非谓语，主语 Sara Hertg 与add 为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填 adding。
20．考查定语从句。句意：我希望生育水平能反映出人们想要的孩子数量，这在某种程度上是社会进步的标志。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。
21 ．E 22 ．H 23 ．B 24 ．I 25 ．F 26 ．A 27 ．K 28 ．G 29 ．J
30 ．C
【解析】21 ．考查名词。句意：武术表演《武魄》，人形机器人与年轻运动员同台表演，完美展现了新时代中国传统文化与尖端科技融合的意义。根据“f integrating traditinal Chinese culture with cutting-edge technlgy in the new era”可知，此处指新时代中国传统文化与尖端科技融合的意义，名词 significance“意义”符合题意，在句中作宾语。故选 E。
22．考查名词。句意：语言灭绝是全人类的严重损失，因为语言是人们保持文化的主要方式之一，对理解其他文化至关重要。根据“a serius lss fr all f humankind”可知，此处指语言灭绝，名词 extinctin“灭绝”符合题意，在句中作主语。故选 H。
23．考查动词。句意：自由贸易消除了对世界贸易的某些限制，使各国更容易相互交换商品。根据“Free trade remves certain limits impsed n wrldwide cmmerce”可知，此处指使各国更容易相互交换商品，动词 exchange“交换”符合题意，不定式符号 t 后接动词原形。故选 B。
24．考查形容词。句意：研究幸福因素的心理学家发现，处于理想环境中的人是否一定幸福是不可预测的。根据“whether a persn in an apparently ideal situatin is necessarily happy”可知，此处指处于理想环境中的人是否一定幸福是不可预测的，形容词 predictable“可预测的”符合题意，作表语。故选 I。
25．考查形容词。句意：电影是我们最有影响力的历史老师，以专业历史学家无法想象的方式影响和塑造观众的观点。根据“reaching and shaping audience’s views in a way that the
prfessinal histrian cannt even dream f”可知，此处指电影是我们最有影响力的历史老师，形容词 influential“有影响力的”符合题意，作定语。故选 F。
26．考查名词。句意：医生仔细检查了我的身体状况后，温和地说没有立即引起恐慌的理由。根据“After checking my cnditin thrughly”可知，此处指没有立即引起恐慌的理由，名词 alarm“恐慌”符合题意，作介词 fr 的宾语。故选 A。
27．考查名词。句意：展览向公众开放，在接下来的几周内可以在正常开放时间内免费入场
观看。根据“The exhibitin is pen t the public”可知，此处指可以免费入场观看，名词admissin“入场”符合题意，作介词 fr 的宾语。故选 K。
28．考查动词。句意： 年轻人不应该被陈旧的思想束缚，而应该接受新的思想，跟上社会进步的步伐。根据“but shuld embrace new thinking and keep pace with scial prgress”可知，此处指不应该被陈旧的思想束缚，动词 chain“束缚”符合题意，与主语构成被动关系，空前有be 动词，所以此处用过去分词表被动。故选 G。
29．考查动词。句意： 当地政府去年设立的基金覆盖了大部分重病且无法工作养家糊口的贫困患者的高额医疗费用。根据“mst f the high medical expenses”可知，此处指覆盖了大部分高额医疗费用，动词 cver“覆盖”符合题意，在句中作谓语，根据 last year 可知，句子是一般过去时，该动词用过去式。故选 J。
30．考查形容词。句意： 要让传统文化活起来，就要创造形式和内容丰富多样的新形式，让古老文明与时俱进，赢得年轻人的喜爱。根据“variety f new frms and cntents”可知，此处指形式和内容丰富多样的新形式，形容词 diverse“多样的”符合题意，作定语。故选 C。
31 ．B 32 ．B 33 ．A 34 ．D 35 ．C 36 ．A 37 ．D 38 ．A
39 ．C 40 ．C 41 ．B 42 ．D 43 ．A 44 ．C 45 ．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。随着越来越多的非英语母语人士使用英语，全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制甚至可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化，非母语的人在多个方面错误地使用英语语法，但是既然语言在改变，语法正确性的概念也可能会改变。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在有记录的历史上，从来没有一种语言像今天的英语这样被广泛使用。A. well 好；B. widely 广泛地；C. fully 充分地；D. regularly 定期地。根据第一段“Sme experts estimate that 1.5 billin peple—arund ne-quarter f the wrld’s
ppulatin—can cmmunicate reasnably well in English. (一些专家估计，有 15 亿人，大约占世界人口的四分之一，可以相当好地用英语进行交流)”可知，英语被广泛（widely）使用。故选 B 项。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：数百万人学习英语的原因很简单：英语是国际商业语言，因此也是走向繁荣的关键。A. besides 而且；B. therefre 因此；C. therwise 否则；D. hwever然而。根据上半句，英语是国际商务的语言，因此，英语也是生意繁荣事业成功的关键，前半句后后半句 (it is) the key t prsperity 为因果关系。故选 B 项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：《英语的下一步》一书的作者大卫•格塔德尔表示，人们很容
易把英语的故事简单地看作是北美、英国、爱尔兰和澳大利亚的母语人士的胜利——但这将是错误的。A. mistake 错误；B. success 成功；C. challenge 挑战；D. cmpetitin 竞争。根据设空处句首的 but，可知此句与前面的陈述是相对立的，且后一句“Glbal English has entered a mre cmplex stage, changing in ways that the English-speaking cuntries cannt cntrl and
might 4 . (全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制，且可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化)” ，英语不在单纯属于 its native speakers in Nrth America, Britain and Ireland, and Australia ，所以可推断：前面的观点是错误的（mistake）。故选 A 项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制，且可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化。A. frget 忘记；B. underg 经历；C. justify 是 的正当理由；D. dislike 不喜欢。根据第一段“Sme experts estimate that 1.5 billin
peple—arund ne-quarter f the wrld’s ppulatin—can cmmunicate reasnably well in
English. (一些专家估计，有 15 亿人，大约占世界人口的四分之一，可以相当好地用英语进行交流)” ，以及第四段第一句“An imprtant questin ne might ask is: whse English will it be in the future? (人们可能会问一个重要的问题：未来会是谁的英语？)” ，可知：英语国家对于英语的发展已经无法控制，未来是谁的英语，不再有英语国家做主，这个变化的方式令英语国家不喜欢（dislike），故选 D 项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，非英语母语者的人数已经超过了英语为母语者的三倍。 A. understand 理解；B. envy 羡慕；C. utnumber 数目超过，比 多；D. verlad 过载。根据前一句“An imprtant questin ne might ask is: whse English will it be in the future (人们可能会问一个重要的问题：未来会是谁的英语？)”可推测，非英语母语人士的人数超过了英语母语人士的，导致英语国家对英语的发展无法控制，短语 A utnumber B by three t ne ，意为“A 的数量是 B 的三倍” 。故选 C 项。
36 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，大多数英语体验都发生在非英语母语人士之间。A. encunters 经历，体验；B. instructins 指示；C. negtiatins 谈判，协商；D. treatments 治疗。根据第二段“Never in recrded histry has a language been as 1 spken as English is tday. The reasn why millins are learning it is simple: it is the language f internatinal business and 2 , the key t prsperity. (在有记录的历史上，从来没有一种语言像今天的英语这样被广泛使用。数百万人学习英语的原因很简单：英语是国际商业语言，因此也是走向繁荣的关
键。)”可知，英语是国际商业语言，非英语母语人士有经常要用英语交流的经历
（encunters）。故选 A 项。
37 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：据 David Graddl 说，许多用英语举行的商务会议在没有英语为母语人士在场的情况下会进行得更顺利。A. rughly 粗略地；B. slwly 缓慢地；C. swiftly迅速地；D. smthly 平稳地。根据下一句“This is because native speakers are ften 8 at ensuring that they are understd in internatinal discussins. (这是因为在国际讨论中，以英语为母语的人往往不善于确保自己被理解)”可推断，英语母语人士说的英语不能被非英语母语人士理解，会影响会议节奏，没有英语为母语 人士的情况下，与会人士都能听懂对方的英语，会议反而更顺利（smthly）。故选 D 项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是因为在国际讨论中，以英语为母语的人往往不善于确保自己的语言被理解。A. pr 不擅长的；B. angry 生气的；C. clever 聪明的；D. skillful 熟练的。根据后一句“They tend t think they need t avid lnger Latin-based wrds, but in fact
9 prblems are mre ften caused by their use f idims, metaphrs, and phrasal verbs. On
ne ccasin, at an internatinal student cnference in Amsterdan, cnducted in English, the nly British representative was asked t be ‘less 10 ’ s that the thers culd understand her. (他们倾向于认为他们需要避免使用更长的拉丁语单词，但事实上，理解问题往往是由于他们使用成语、隐喻和动词短语造成的。有一次，在阿姆斯特丹用英语举行的国际学生会议上，唯一的英国代表被要求‘少说点英语’，以便其他人能听懂她的话)”可推知，英语母语人士在表达方式上的问题，使非英语母语人士费解，甚至还被要求少说英语，可见其非常不擅长把自己的意思表述清楚，be pr at... ，意为“不擅长于 ” 。故选 A 项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们倾向于认为他们需要避免使用更长的拉丁语单词，但事实上，理解问题往往是由于他们使用成语、隐喻和动词短语造成的。 "A.equipment" A. equipment 设备；B. ecnmy 经济；C. cmprehensin 理解力；D. culture 文化。根据语境，英语母语人士使用成语、隐喻和动词短语，导致非英语母语人士听不明白，因此出现理解问题。故选 C 项。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次，在阿姆斯特丹用英语举行的国际学生会议上，唯一的英国代表被要求“少说点英语” ，以便其他人能听懂她的话。A. visible 看得见的；B.
cnsiderate 体贴的；C. English 英文的；D. freign 外国的。根据上文“Accrding t David
Graddl, many business meetings held in English appear t run mre 7 when there are n
native English speakerspresent. (据 David Graddl 说，许多用英语举行的商务会议在没有英语母语人士在场的情况下会进行得更顺利)”可推知，在有英语母语人士的情况下，请这位代表少开口，也能使会议顺利完成。故选 C 项。
41 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：维也纳大学的英语教授芭芭拉·塞德霍弗教授录制了世界各
ses
地该语言使用者之间的英语口语互动。A. grammar 语法；B. interactins 互动，交流；C. cur课程；D. vcabulary 词汇。根据设空处前的 recrds spken English ，及可知录制的内容为人与人之间进行口语的交流，interactins 符合语境。故选 B 项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她的团队已经注意到，非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法。A. studying 学习；B. explaining 解释；C. checking 检查；D. varying使 变化。根据后面的例子“Even the mst experienced speakers smetimes mit the ‘s ’ in the third persn singular. Many mit definite and indefinite articles where they are 13 in standard English, r put them in where standard English des nt use them. Nuns that are nt plural in
native-speaker English are used as plurals by nn-native speakers (e.g., ‘infrmatins’,
‘knwledges ’ , ‘advices ’ ). Other variatins include ‘make a discussin ’ , ‘discuss abut
smething’ , r ‘phne t smebdy’.(即使是最有经验的演讲者有时也会省略第三人称单数中的‘s ’。许多人在标准英语中需要定冠词和不定冠词的地方省略了它们，或者把它们放在标准英语中不用的地方。在英语母语者中不是复数的名词被非英语母语者用作复数（例如，
infrmatins ，knwledges ，advices）。其他的变体包括 make a discussin 、discuss abut
smething 或 phne t smene)”可见，非英语母语人士使英语语法有了很多改变。故选 D 项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人在标准英语中需要定冠词和不定冠词的地方省略了它们，或者把它们放在标准英语中不用的地方。A. required 要求；B. deleted 删除；C. judged裁决；D. stressed 强调。根据上一句“She says her team has nticed that nn-native speakers are
12 standard English grammar in several ways (她说她的团队已经注意到，非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法。)” ，根据句中的 mit 可知，非英语母语人士改变了冠词用法，把冠词给省略了，因此在标准英语中是要求（required）用冠词的。故选 A 项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Knwledges 和 phne t smebdy 是完全错误的。A. harmful有害的；B. implite 不礼貌的；C. wrng 错的；D. illgical 不合逻辑的。根据上一段倒数第二句“Nuns that are nt plural in native-speaker English are used as plurals by nn-native
speakers (eg, ‘infrmatins’, ‘knwledges’, ‘advices’). (在英语母语者中不是复数的名词，被非母语人士用作复数，如：infrmatins，knwledges，advices)” ，以及本段第一句“Many native English speakers will insist that these are nt variatins, they are mistakes. (许多以英语为母语的人会坚持认为这些不是变体，而是错误的)”可知，Knwledges 和 phne t smebdy 这两个表达法都是错的（wrng）。故选 C 项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是语言在变化，语法正确性的观念也在变化。A. phenmenn
现象；B. research 研究；C. structure 结构；D. crrectness 正确性。倒数第二段中“She says her team has nticed that nn-native speakers are 12 standard English grammar in several ways.
(她说她的团队已经注意到，非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法。)”，以及第三段最后一句“Glbal English has entered a mre cmplex stage, changing in ways that the English-speaking cuntries cannt cntrl and might 4 . (全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制，且可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化。)”可推知，随着全球英语的变化发展，现在非英语母语人士说的被认为是错误的英语表达法，可能以后会被接受，使它们能合理存在，也变成正确的表述，故推知：语法正确性（crrectness）的观念也
在变化。故选 D 项。
46 ．C 47 ．C 48 ．A 49 ．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。
46．推理判断题。根据前文“My plan was t travel with a friend f a friend, I explained, but when I called her that mrning, she didn’t pick up and I had n ther way t reach her.”可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，C 项（因为突然的变化而感到沮丧的）最符合作者此时的心情，所以选 C。
47 ．推理判断题。根据““Why dn’t yu travel with us?” ne f the backpackers ffered”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据“ They were experienced adventurers wh wuld wrk fr a few mnths, save, then travel fr as lng as they culd”可知这些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选 C。
48 ．推理判断题。根据“It seemed risky t travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes.”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能（instinct）也就是第六感说了“好” ，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选 A。
49 ．推理判断题。根据“The wrld pened up t me because I chse t travel alne.”可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，再结合最后一句“Thugh I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phne.”可知作者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的
电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选 D。
50 ．C 51 ．D 52 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个最适合投资者投资的地方。
50 ．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Clearly, everyne — whether he/she is a British citizen r a freigner investr — wh wants t start a business in Lndn must detect first the mst prfitable areas. And the fur mst appealing nes are listed belw. (显然，每个想在伦敦创业的人，无论是英国公民还是外国投资者，都必须首先发现最有利可图的领域。下面列出了四个最吸引人的)”可推知，本文是的受众群体是有兴趣在伦敦创业的投资者。故选 C。
51 ．推理判断题。根据第二自然段“The enrmus number f residents, cmbined with the
cntinuus inflw f turists, makes it a highly wanted city fr every kind f cmmercial activity. (庞大的居民数量，加上不断涌入的游客，使其成为各种商业活动的热门城市)”可推知，如果投资者计划在伦敦做生意，最值得考虑的因素是伦敦有不断涌入的游客和巨大的潜在消费者。故选 D。
52 ．细节理解题。根据 Cvent Garden 部分“This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. (这个区域代表了奢华与可持续发展之间的完美平衡)” 、 Mayfair 部分“Are yu planning t pen a luxury shp? Then Mayfair is undubtedly yur spt. (你打算开
一家奢侈品店吗？那么梅菲尔无疑是你的位置)”以及 Bnd Street 部分“Anther luxury area
with a gathering f many established high-end brands, maybe the mst cmplicated ne. (另一个 豪华区，聚集了许多知名高端品牌，可能是最复杂的一个)”可知，Cvent Garden 、Mayfair 和 Bnd Street适合开奢侈品店。故用排除法，如果你有足够的资金，想要开一家奢侈品店，最不应该选择 Carnaby 。故选 B。
53 ．A 54 ．B 55 ．A 56 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍然要继续下去，因为这是作为人类最好的意义。
53 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The thing abut space is that it’s huge — terrifyingly, impssibly huge. It tk three days fr the Apll missins t get t the mn. It takes between five mnths
and a year t get t Mars and arund five years t get t Jupiter. The nearest star utside the Slar System is Prxima Centauri, which wuld take the Vyager spacecraft 80,000 years t get t.(关于太空的事情是它是巨大的——可怕的，不可能的巨大。阿波罗计划花了三天时间才到达月球。到达火星需要 5 个月到 1 年的时间，到达木星需要 5 年左右的时间。离太阳系最近的恒星是半人马座比邻星，旅行者号宇宙飞船要花 8 万年才能到达。)”和第二段的“In ther wrds, space explratin is an incredibly dangerus venture.(换句话说，太空探索是一项极其危险的冒险。)”可知，从前两段我们可以知道太空旅行的困难。故选 A。
54 ．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When I was a kid, explring space was a big deal. The last Apll missin t the mn was in 1972, but I was way t yung t knw anything abut it. The first space missin I actually remember was Viking II, which landed n Mars. Hnestly, I was
expecting it t find alien life.(小时候，探索太空可是件大事。阿波罗登月计划的最后一次任务是在 1972 年，但那时我还太小，根本不知道这些事。我真正记得的第一次太空任务是“海盗二号”，它在火星着陆。说实话，我当时还期待着它能找到外星生命呢。)”及第五段“Humans were ging t explre the universe, meet aliens, live n ther wrlds, and have adventures.(人类 将要探索宇宙，与外星人会面，在其他星球上生活，经历各种冒险。)”可知，作者在童年时期期待能找到外星生命的证据，在外太空冒险，和外星文明交流，没有提到了解生命的起源。故选 B。
55 ．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But we need t g n explring. Explratin, knwledge,
wnder, imaginatin —these are the best f what it means t be human.(但我们需要继续探索。探索、知识、惊奇、想象——这些是作为人类最好的意义。)”可知，我们要继续太空探索事业，是因为它包含了使我们成为人类的最好的东西。故选 A。
56．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Instead, we all watched in hrrr as the space shuttle blew up. Seven astrnauts died. Nt ne f us thught that we shuld cancel the Space Shuttle prgram r cut NASA’s budget. If anything, we wanted mre. We still d.(相反，我们都惊恐地看着航天飞机爆炸。七名宇航员死亡。我们中没有一个人认为我们应该取消航天飞机计划或削减美国宇航局的预算。如果有的话，我们想要更多。我们现在依然如此。)”可知，作者想通过最后一段传达的信息是任何困难都不能阻止我们探索宇宙。故选 B。
57 ．D 58 ．B 59 ．C 60 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的 Sarah
Brsnan 和 Frans de Waal 对雌性卷尾猴进行的一项研究，它们像人类女性一样，更倾向于关注“商品和服务” 的价值。
57 ．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Such behaviur is regarded as ‘all t human, ’ with the
underlying assumptin that ther animals wuld nt be capable f this finely develped sense f
grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brsnan and Frans de Waal f Emry University in Atlanta, Gergia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all t mnkey, as well.(这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’，其言下之意就是动物是不可能产生这种微妙的不满。但是美国佐治亚州亚特兰大市 Emry 大学 Sarah Brsnan 和 Frans de Waal 最近在《自然》上发表了一项
研究，这项研究认为猴子也有类似的‘太猴子化’的行为)”可知，第一段提到人会因为不公平而愤怒，推导动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会，下文就猴子也会因不公平而愤怒展开，所以本段是通过作比较引入主题。故选 D 项。
58 ．句意理解题。根据第一段中“Indeed, if he has a reputatin fr slacking(懈怠的), yu might even be utraged. Such behaviur is regarded as ‘all t human,’(事实上，如果他还有偷懒的名声，那么你甚至有可能会勃然大怒。这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’)”及第一段末尾的“as
well(也)”可知，人会因不公平而感到愤怒，“it is all t mnkey(太猴子化)”意思是猴子和人一样，痛恨不公平也是猴子的本性，故选 B 项。
59．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Such c-peratin is likely t be stable nly when each animal feels it is nt being cheated.(这种合作只有在每一只猴子都感觉它没有被欺骗的情况下才可能保持稳定)”可知，该研究发现，如果猴子感觉被欺骗，就不会合作。故选 C 项。
60 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, whether such a sense f fairness evlved
independently in capuchins and humans, r whether it stems frm the cmmn ancestr that the
species had 35 millin years ag, is, as yet, an unanswered questin.(然而，到底这样的公平意识是人类和卷尾猴各自形成的，还是因为二者在 3500 万年前有一个共同的祖先造成的， 目前还没有答案)”可知，人类的义愤起源不确定，故选 B 项。
61 ．C 62 ．D 63 ．A 64 ．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着人们寿命的延长，人口老龄化成为一个更大的经济问题。它既给公共卫生支出带来负担，又降低了劳动力的生产力。衰老是许多疾病背后的根本驱动因素，如癌症、心脏病等。年龄逆转技术将增加健康跨度，延长健康的时间长度。
61 ．由上文“Our life spans (时间段) used t be relatively shrt.（我们的寿命曾经是相对较
短）”说明接下来是举例证明这一观点，C. In the 1800s, life expectancy acrss the wrld was less than 40 years f age.（在 19 世纪，世界各地的预期寿命不到 40 岁），符合语境。故选 C 项。
62 ．由上文“One expert in ppulatin aging at the Eurpean Mlecular Bilgy Labratry,
Halldór Stefánssn, explains that sme serius diseases related t aging — that very few peple
lived lng enugh t experience in the past — have replaced infectius diseases as the main cause f death.（欧洲分子生物学实验室(Halldór Stefánssn) 的一位人口老龄化专家解释说，一些与老龄化有关的严重疾病已经取代传染病成为死亡的主要原因——过去很少有人活得足够
长）” 以及下段首句“The amazing news is that age reversal technlgy will sn be a reality.（令人惊讶的消息是，年龄逆转技术将很快成为现实）”可知此处应该是提出疑问，所以，我们
脑子里的问题是：科学能阻止衰老吗? 符合题意。故选 D 项。
63 ．由下文“In the freseeable future, we will be able t enjy a lnger life as well.（在可预见的未来，我们也将能够享受更长的寿命）” 中 as well 可知，设空句中应提到有谁已经能够享受更长的寿命，A .And science has mved n t extend life spans f sme animals, thugh nt yet f humans.（科学已经在延长一些动物的寿命，但还没有延长人类的寿命）中讲到科学已经延长了一些动物的寿命，上下文语意连贯。故选 A 项。
64 ．由下文“That means the technlgy will restre ur vitality and bdily functin by remving the damage inevitably caused by the prcesses f life.（这意味着这项技术将恢复我们的活力和身体机能，消除生活过程中不可避免造成的损害）”说明此处应该介绍 Age reversal technlgy的好处，F. Age reversal technlgy will als increase health span—the length f time during
which ne is healthy.（年龄逆转技术也将增加健康跨度——一个人健康的时间长度）符合题意。故选 F 项。
65 ． English has evlved frm a nn-existent language 2,000 years ag t becme the
wrld's mst influential language, currently dminating science, business, media, and ppular
culture glbally. There are tw cntrasting predictins abut English’s future by the end f the third millennium: ne view suggests it will becme even mre dminant while ther languages die ut, while anther view argues it is already fragmenting int several distinct varieties like
Latin did. Standard English will keep serving internatinal cmmunicatin but will never
becme the nly glbal language, since ther languages are resisting its cntrl and gvernments are prtecting linguistic diversity.
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了英语的过去，展望预测英语的未来。一千多年以来，英语已经发展成为世界上最具影响力的语言。在第三个千年结束时，有人认为英语会成为一种全球语言，主导世界贸易和媒体。也有人认为，英语已经分裂成好几种语言。英语可能会保持主导地位，但世界各国政府也开始保护小型语言。
【详解】85.根据本段内容“Tw thusand years ag English did nt exist. A thusand years ag it was a language used by less than tw millin peple. Nw it is the mst influential language in the wrld, spken by mre than a billin peple n the planet, as their first, secnd r third language. English currently dminates science, business, the mass media and ppular culture. Fr example, 80% f emails n the Internet are in English and nearly all internatinal academic papers are
published in English.(两千年前，英语并不存在。一千年前，它只是被不到两百万人使用的语
言。而如今，它已成为全球最具影响力的语言，被全球超过十亿人作为第一语言、第二语言或第三语言使用。英语目前在科学、商业、大众媒体和流行文化领域占据主导地位。例如，互联网上的 80%的电子邮件都是用英语写的，几乎所有的国际学术论文也都以英语发表)”可知，本段主要讲述了 2000 年前，英语还不存在，而如今它已发展成为全球最具影响力的语言，在科学、商业、媒体和流行文化等领域占据主导地位。故答案为 English has evlved frm a nn-existent language 2,000 years ag t becme the wrld's mst influential language,
currently dminating science, business, media, and ppular culture glbally.
86. 根据本段内容“Where will English be at the end f the third millennium? One view is that
English is ging t becme even mre imprtant as a glbal language, dminating the wrld’s
trade and media while mst ther languages will becme lcalized r just die ut. At present, ver half the wrld’s languages are in danger f extinctin. Anther view is that English is already
breaking up, as Latin did, int several languages. There are already dictinaries f the “New
Englishes”, such as Australian English, full f wrds that a British English speaker wuld nt
recgnize. (在第三个千年末期，英语将会处于何种境地呢？一种观点认为，英语作为全球语言的重要性将会进一步增强，它将在全球贸易和媒体领域占据主导地位，而其他大多数语言则会走向本土化或逐渐消亡。目前，全球超过一半的语言正面临灭绝的危险。另一种观点认为，英语已经像拉丁语那样分崩离析，分裂成了若干种语言。已经有了一些“新英语” 的词典，比如澳大利亚英语，其中包含了许多英国英语使用者无法理解的词汇)”可知，本段主要讲述了对于英语在三千年后的发展趋势，存在两种截然不同的预测：一种观点认为，英语将会变得更加占据主导地位，而其他语言将会逐渐消亡；另一种观点则认为，英语已经像拉丁语那样分裂成了若干不同的变体。故答案为 There are tw cntrasting predictins abut English’s future by the end f the third millennium: ne view suggests it will becme even mre dminant
while ther languages die ut, while anther view argues it is already fragmenting int several distinct varieties like Latin did.
87. 根据本段内容“Hpefully, neither f these things will happen. Althugh different varieties f English will cntinue t develp arund the wrld, standard English will survive fr internatinal cmmunicatin. In additin, the frightening prspect f a culturally unifrm wrld ttally
dminated by ne language is impssible. Already, ther languages are fighting back against the irn grip f English n the Net. Gvernments arund the wrld are als starting t prtect smaller languages and recgnize the imprtance f cultural and linguistic diversity. English will prbably
stay in cntrl fr a lng time, at least while the USA remains the tp superpwer, but it definitely wn’t becme the nly language in the wrld.(希望这两种情况都不会发生。尽管世界各地的英语变体将继续发展，但标准英语仍将作为国际交流的语言而存在。此外，一个完全由单一语言主导的、文化统一的世界的可怕前景是不可能实现的。事实上，其他语言已经在网络上反抗英语的绝对控制。世界各国的政府也开始保护较小的语言，并认识到文化和语言多样性的重要性。英语很可能会长期保持主导地位，至少在目前美国仍是头号超级大国的情况下会是这样，但它肯定不会成为世界上唯一的语言)”可知，本段主要讲述了标准英语将继续用于国际交流，但永远不会成为全球唯一语言，因为其他语言正在抵制英语的主导地位，各国政府也在保护语言多样性。故答案为 Standard English will keep serving internatinal cmmunicatin but will never becme the nly glbal language, since ther languages are resisting its cntrl and gvernments are prtecting linguistic diversity.
66 ．Thanks t glbalizatin, we have access t gds frm all ver the wrld.
【详解】考查介词短语和动词短语。分析句子可知，表示“得益于全球化”应用 Thanks t
glbalizatin，在本句中作状语，其中 Thanks t，表“幸亏；归因于”，为固定搭配；表示“我们”应用 we，在本句中作主语；表示“ 能够使用/买到”应用 have access t，为固定搭配，时态用一般现在时表客观情况，其中 access 为名词；表示“世界各地的商品”应用 gds frm all ver the wrld ，其中 frm all ver the wrld 为介词短语作后置定语。故翻译为 Thanks t
glbalizatin, we have access t gds frm all ver the wrld.
67 ．Nthing can be cmpared with the happiness f family reunin during the Spring Festival.
【详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。表示“几乎没有什么”用 nthing；表示“与 媲美”用 cmpare with ，由于 nthing 作主语，且与 cmpare 之间为被动关系，所以“ 能媲美”用含情态动词的被动语态 can be cmpared with；表示“ 阖家团圆的幸福”用 the happiness f family reunin，作介词 with 的宾语；表示“在春节中”用 during the Spring Festival，整理语序，故翻译为 Nthing can be cmpared with the happiness f family reunin during the Spring Festival.
68 ．Althugh we have tried ur best, t a great extent the result depends n luck and timing.
【详解】考查让步状语从句、动词短语、介词短语和名词短语。表示“尽力”应用动词短语 try ne’s best; Althugh 尽管引导让步状语从句，根据句意应使用现在完成时：Althugh we have tried ur best;表示“很大程度上”应用介词短语 t a great extent;表示“运气和时机” 的名词短语为 luck and timing;作动词的宾语；表示“取决于” 的动词短语为 depend n; 根据句意可知主句应使用一般现在时。故翻译为 Althugh we have tried ur best, t a great extent the result
depends n luck and timing.。
69 ．All the athletes f this cmpetitin, ranging in age frm 20 t 35, desire t win the champinship.
【详解】考查时态、动词短语。陈述客观事实，谓语动词用一般现在时；“本次比赛的运动员”表达为the athletes f this cmpetitin，作主语；“渴望夺冠”表达为动词短语desire t win the champinship；“年龄从 20 岁到 35 岁不等”用 range 表达，range in age frm 20 t 35 ，range与逻辑主语 athletes 之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：All the athletes f this cmpetitin, ranging in age frm 20 t 35, desire t win the
champinship.
70 ．It is depressing t live in a wrld withut cultural differences, s we shuld celebrate nt the similarity f human beings but diversity.
【详解】考查固定句式。表示“做某事是 的”应用固定句式“it is+形容词+t d”。表示“令人沮丧的”应用形容词 depressing。表示“生活在没有文化差异的世界”应用 live in a wrld
withut cultural differences。表示“ 因此”应用连词 s。表示“颂扬”应用动词 celebrate。表示“不是 而是 ”应用固定句式 。表示“人类的相似性”应用 the similarity f human beings。表示“ 多样性”应用名词 diversity。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为 It is depressing t live in a wrld withut cultural differences, s we
shuld celebrate nt the similarity f human beings but diversity.