上海市曹杨第二中学2023-2024学年高一下学期3月份阶段性练习英语试卷（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份上海市曹杨第二中学2023-2024学年高一下学期3月份阶段性练习英语试卷（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市曹杨第二中学2023-2024学年高一下学期3月份阶段性练习英语试卷原卷版docx、上海市曹杨第二中学2023-2024学年高一下学期3月份阶段性练习英语试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共50页， 欢迎下载使用。

考生注意：
1、答卷前，考生务必将姓名、班级、学号等清楚地填涂在答题纸上指定位置。
2、本试卷共有105道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂(选择题)或用黑色字迹的水笔写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
Ⅰ．Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A．In a prfessr’s ffice. B．In a secnd-hand bk shp.
C．In a library. D．In a hspital.
2．A．10 yuan. B．20 yuan. C．30 yuan. D．50 yuan.
3．A．Huse agent and custmer. B．Shp assistant and custmer.
C．Car mechanic and car wner. D．Emplyer and emplyee.
4．A．The man desn’t believe what the wman says.
B．The weather reprt spils the man’s gd md.
C．They will cancel the hiking due t the bad weather.
D．The man thinks it unnecessary t give up the adventure.
5．A．She always talks bad abut her clleagues.
B．She has a gd reputatin amng her clleagues.
C．She is gd at handling cmplicated relatinships.
D．She has gd relatins with her clleagues and bss.
6．A．Harmny in a cmmunity. B．Safety in the neighbrhd.
C．Preparatin fr Christmas. D．Ways t save electricity.
7．A．Watching advertisements may help ease eyestrain (眼疲劳).
B．It’s a great chance t break the habit f watching TV.
C．The advertisements are lng enugh fr her t have a nap.
D．Fcusing eyes n the screen fr a lng time is harmful t eyes.
8．A．The man decides t g hme by rail. B．Mst peple travel by car during the festival.
C．Mst peple arrive beynd the scheduled time. D．The man will have a sund sleep n the bus.
9．A．He is nt a bit verweight. B．He likes his fitness instructr.
C．She has set t many rules fr him. D．She shuld talk with his persnal trainer.
10．A．Greeks are nt allwed t get married befre 18.
B．Greek kids are nt as independent as American kids.
C．American parents dn’t pay fr children’s wedding.
D．Greek parents will take care f children until they are 18.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear several lnger cnversatin(s) and shrt passage(s), and yu will be asked several questins n each f the cnversatin(s) and the passage(s). The cnversatin(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11．A．The burn is 20 millimeters acrss. B．The burn is small but very painful.
C．The burn takes away the victim’s feeling. D．The burn is small but the skin is damaged.
12．A．Use a clean plastic bag t keep warm. B．Bind up the burn with bandage r clth.
C．Treat the burned area with cld running water. D．Flush (冲洗) the burn with see water fr several minutes.
13．A．T avid infectin. B．T ease pain.
C．T speed recvery. D．T reduce stickiness.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．A cell phne. B．A leather wallet. C．A mini camera. D．An alarm clck.
15．A．The wallet will sund an alarm. B．It will track the thief with GPS system.
C．It will cntact the bank t blck balance. D．Its wner will receive a picture f the thief.
16．A．It’s ut-dated in this digital age. B．It can text messages autmatically.
C．It is a multifunctinal wallet. D．It is unique in appearance and functin.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．The cncert is beynd her curfew (宵禁) B．She can’t g ut n schl night.
C．Her mther is nt available. D．She desn’t like the band.
18．A．His parents set a strict rule fr him. B．His parents dn’t care when he is back.
C．He is self-diseiplined and trustwrthy. D．He envies thse wh have curfews.
19．A．Prmting maturity. B．Giving sense f security.
C．Imprving sense f respnsibility. D．Discuraging independence.
20．A．It’s a severe punishment. B．It’s fr her gd.
C．It’s a ridiculus practice. D．It’s an exceptinal case.
Ⅱ．Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: Beneath each f the fllwing sentences there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne answer that best cmpletes the sentence.
1. If ___fr the jb, yu’ll be infrmed sn.
A t acceptB. accept
C. acceptingD. accepted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句为条件状语从句中省略句，还原后为if yu are accepted, 因为主从句主语相同，且从句中有be动词，所以主语和are被省略。故选D。
2. Evidence came up ________ specific speech sunds are recgnized by babies as yung as 6 mnths ld.
A. whatB. whichC. thatD. whse
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有证据表明，6个月大的婴儿就能识别特定的语音。本句是同位语从句，从句 “specific speech sunds are recgnized by babies as yung as 6 mnths ld”解释名词evidence内容，句子意思完整，用that引导同位语从句。故C正确。
3. When he was there, he ________ g t that cffee shp at the crner after wrk every day.
A. wuldB. shuldC. had betterD. might as well
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当他在那里的时候，他每天下班后都会去街角的那家咖啡店。A. wuld（带出过去常见的情况）总是，老是；B. shuld应该；C. had better最好；D. might as well不妨，不如。根据When he was there可知，此句表示过去那时候一件经常发生的事情，用wuld。故选A。
4. The engine just wn’t start. Smething seems ______ wrng with it.
A. t gB. t have gne
C. gingD. having gne
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：引擎就是发动不起来，好像出了什么问题。seem之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了”，不接ding；出问题是发生在seem之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。
5. She must be lking frward as much t his return as he himself is t ________ her.
A. seeB. have seenC. seeingD. having seen
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查省略句。句意：她一定很期望他的回归，正如他自己也很想看到她一样。该句子进行了省略，完整形式为：She must be lking frward as much t his return as he himself is （lking frward ）t _________ her。为避免重复，省略后面的“lking frward”。短语lk frward t ding sth：期待做某事，介词t后面应使用动名词形式，这里没有“已完成”的意味，不需使用动名词的完成式，因此填入seeing。故选C项。
6. ________ a man wh expresses himself effectively is sure t succeed mre rapidly than a man whse cmmand f language is pr.
A. Other things being equalB. Were ther things equal
C. T be equal t ther thingsD. Other things t be equal
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：在其他条件相同的情况下，一个有效表达自己的人肯定会比一个语言能力差的人更快地取得成功。分析句子结构可知，句中已有is，空处作非谓语动词，ther things作逻辑主语，be equal与ther things之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式表示主动，构成独立主格结构，A项符合题意；B项是虚拟条件句的倒装结构，正常语序为if ther things were equal，但句中is表明题干使用真实语气，B项错误；C项本身表述错误；D项中动词不定式表示将来，而题干描述现在的客观事实，D项错误。故选A项。
7. Mary ________ my letter; therwise she wuld have replied befre nw.
A. culdn’t have receivedB. ught t have received
C. needn’t have receivedD. shuldn’t have received
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查culdn’t have dne用法。句意：Mary不可能收到了我的信；否则她早就回信了。A. culdn’t have received不可能收到；B. ught t have received本应该收到；C. needn’t have received不必收到；D. shuldn’t have received本不应该收到。根据“therwise she wuld have replied befre nw”可知，此处指“Mary不可能收到了我的信”，表示对过去的否定推测，用culdn’t have received。故选A。
8. The thught f ging back hme was ________ kept him happy while he was wrking abrad.
A. thatB. all thatC. all whatD. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查关系代词。句意：一想到回国就让他在国外工作时很开心。分析句子可知，all为本句的表语，而后面的kept him happy是修饰all的定语从句，修饰先行词all，关系代词只能用that。故选B项。
9. The student stared at the cmplex math prblem n the bard, puzzled, ________ it were written in a freign language.
A. in caseB. even ifC. as ifD. s that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：学生盯着黑板上那道复杂的数学题，很困惑，好像那是用外语写的。A. in case 以防，以防万一；B. even if 即使，纵然；C. as if 似乎，好像，仿佛；D. s that 以便。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要连词as if，意为“好像”，引导虚拟语气句，表示与当时不符的情况。故选C。
10. It was midnight ________ the weary travelers finally arrived at the deserted inn, where they culd seek refuge frm the biting cld.
A thatB. whenC. untilD. since
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当疲惫的旅行者终于到达那间空无一人的旅店时，已经是半夜了，他们可以在那里躲避刺骨的寒冷。根据“It was midnight”和“the weary travelers finally arrived at the deserted inn”可知，此处是指当疲惫的旅行者终于到达那间空无一人的旅店时，所以应用连词when表示“当……时”引导时间状语从句。until意为“直到”，since意为“自从”。故选B。
11. Yu ________ have any difficulty passing the rad test since yu ________ a lt in the driving schl.
A. mustn’t; practicedB. didn’t; are practicing
C. shuldn’t; have practicedD. needn’t; had practiced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：你在驾驶学校里练习了很多，通过路考应该没有什么困难。根据since“由于”及句意可知，因为在驾驶学校里练习了很多，表示过去的事情对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，主语为yu，助动词用have；练习了很多所以路考不应该有困难，shuldn’t意思为：不应该，符合句意。mustn’t禁止，didn’t为助动词，用于一般过去时，表示客观情况，needn’t不必。故选C。
12. Hemingway was awarded the Nbel Prize in Literature fr his mastery f the art f mdern narratin, ________ in The Old Man and the Sea.
A. as revealedB. which were revealedC. as t be revealedD. which revealed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查方式状语从句的省略。句意：海明威因其在《老人与海》中对现代叙事艺术的精通而获得诺贝尔文学奖。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里要用as引导方式状语从句，从句主语指代his mastery f the art f mdern narratin，和动词reveal是被动关系，要用被动语态结构，方式状语从句中可以省略主语和be动词。故选A。
13. They had t sell such large electrical gds ________ televisin sets and washing machines ________ they culd earn mre mney in a shrter time.
A. as, thatB. that, s thatC. as, s thatD. that, that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和从属连词。句意：他们不得不出售电视机和洗衣机等大型电器，这样他们才能在更短的时间内赚更多的钱。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一空需要介词as，意为“像……一样”，第二空需要从属连词s that，意为“为了”，引导目的状语从句。故选C。
14. Steve Jbs tk the truble ________ a calligraphy class, thugh nne f ________ he learned in it seemed t have practical applicatin in his life.
A. t attend……whichB. t attend…what
C. attending…whatD. attending…which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式和名词性从句。句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯不辞辛苦地参加了一个书法班，尽管他在那里学到的东西似乎都没有在他的生活中得到实际应用。take the truble t d意为“不辞辛苦做某事”，所以此处应用t d不定式。在主语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故选B。
15. It was Tu Yuyu’s persistent cmmitment t ________ a cure ________ made the discvery pssible.
A. find…thatB. finding…whichC. find…whichD. finding…that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和强调句型。句意：正是屠呦呦坚持不懈地寻找治疗方法，才使这一发现成为可能。分析句子可知，the cmmitment t ding sth.意思为：做……的承诺，第一空用动名词作宾语；结合It was可知，本句为强调句型，第二空缺少that构成It was…that强调句型。故选D。
Sectin B
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks use ne wrd that best fits.
The last time a female British scientist wn the Nbel Prize fr chemistry was in1964. Her name was Drthy Crwft Hdgkin. ____16____ her, nly tw wmen had wn the Chemistry prize: Marie Curie in 1911, and her daughter Irene Jlit-Curie in 1935.
Hdgkin was brn in Cair, Egypt in 1910, as the eldest f fur daughters f Jhn Crwft and his wife Mlly. The girls were sent back t England when the First Wrld War brke ut. By the time she was 11 years ld, Drthy’s schling had been a bit hit and miss. But she had spent a term ____17____ (learn) t grw crystals (晶体), and chemistry had enthralled her. At the Sir Jhn Leman Schl, she had t fight t be allwed t take chemistry, which was seen as a “bys’ subject.” But she did well, and in 1928 she entered Smerville Cllege, Oxfrd Universiy, t d a chemistry degree.
At every stage her parents, particularly her mther, encuraged her ambitins. N ne ever said t her, as they did t ther clever girls at the time, that ____18____ she was t brainy she’d never get a husband. It was in a bk her mther gave her ____19____ Drthy learned abut the technique f X-ray crystallgraphy (X射线晶体学). It’s a way f wrking ut ____20____ a cmplex mlecule is arranged in three dimensins. She immediately decided that was ____21____ she wanted t d.
Hdgkin was the mst imprtant leader and innvatr in her field. The impact f her wrk led t her becming the nly female British scientist ____22____ (win) a Nbel Prize s far. The 1964 award recgnised her wrk in discvering the 3D shapes f penicillin (盘尼西林) and vitamin B12.
Accurate knwledge f the shape f penicillin was very imprtant in understanding hw it ____23____ vercme bacterial infectins. Her wrk is still f great significance in the develpment f new antibitics. They are currently badly needed as sme bacteria ____24____ (develp) resistance t existing drugs.
Hdgkin’s wrk als had a huge impact n the treatment f diabetes. In 1969, after 35 years f hard wrk, she figured ut the 3D shape f the insulin (胰岛素) mlecule. Insulin is an imprtant hrmne (激素) used by the bdy t prcess sugars in fd. Understanding _____25_____ structure is significant fr human diabetes cntrl.
Hdgkin was nt nly an exceptinal scientist but als was, and cntinues t be, an inspiratinal rle mdel t generatins f researchers, bth male and female.
【答案】16. Befre
17. learning
18. if 19. that
20. hw 21. what
22. t win 23. culd
24. have develped
25. the##its
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。本文主要介绍了英国女科学家多萝西·霍奇金(Drthy Crwft Hdgkin)的生平和成就，以及她对化学和医学领域的重要贡献。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：在她之前，只有两位女性获得过诺贝尔化学奖：1911年的玛丽·居里和1935年的她的女儿艾琳·约里奥·居里。分析句子，设空处使用介词与后文her构成介宾短语。根据句意，表示“在……之前”用befre。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Befre。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但她花了一个学期的时间学习培育晶体，化学让她着迷。句中spend+时间+(in)+ding为固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，此处使用动名词作宾语。故填learning。
【18题详解】
考查连词。句意：没人像当时对其他聪明的女孩说的那样告诉她，如果她太聪明就嫁不出去。分析句子，设空处引导条件状语从句，根据句意，表示“如果”用if。故填if。
【19题详解】
考查强调句。句意：多萝西·霍奇金是在母亲给她的一本书里了解到x射线晶体学技术的。分析句子，句中构成强调句结构，即it was+强调部分+that…，此处是对地点状语in a bk进行强调。故填that。
【20题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这是一种研究复杂分子如何在三维空间中排列的方法。分析句子，设空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作方式状语，意为“如何，怎样”用hw。故填hw。
【21题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：她立刻决定这就是她想做的。分析句子，设空处引导的是表语从句，引导词在从句中作d的宾语，意为“……的事物”用what。故填what。
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她的工作的影响使她成为迄今为止唯一一位获得诺贝尔奖的英国女科学家。分析句子，句中led为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，名词scientist前有the nly修饰，此处使用不定式结构作后置定语。故填t win。
【23题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：准确了解盘尼西林的形状对于理解它如何克服细菌感染非常重要。分析句子，根据后文的vercme动词原形可知，设空处应该使用情态动词，结合was的时态可知，此处表示“能够”用culd。故填culd。
【24题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：由于一些细菌对现有药物产生了耐药性，目前急需这些药物。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时。句子的主语为bacteria，为复数形式。故填have develped。
【25题详解】
考查冠词/形容词性物主代词。句意：了解其结构对人类糖尿病的控制具有重要意义。分析句子，句中structure为名词，此处用定冠词the特指“胰岛素的结构”，也可用形容词性物主代词its指代“它的”，故填the/its。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing sentences by using the wrds and phrases in bx. Each can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne mre than yu need.
26. Regular ________ ensures the smth peratin f machinery in the factry.
27. The densely ________ urban areas are experiencing challenges related t husing affrdability and transprtatin cngestin.
28. Achieving a wrk-life balance is nt nly ________ but als crucial fr verall well-being and prductivity.
29. Mentally strng peple believe failure is part f the prcess tward a lng jurney ________ t success. By viewing failure as a temprary ________, they’re able t bunce back and mve frward with ease.
30. The grundbreaking scientific discvery received widespread media ________, capturing the attentin f jurnalists and audiences wrldwide.
31. The bacteria began t ________ rapidly under the ideal cnditins prvided in the labratry.
32. Realizing the cmplexity f the task, he decided t ________ the senir experts in the field fr their insights and advice n the matter.
33. The cmpany values ________ in its wrkfrce, hiring emplyees frm varius cultural backgrunds t prmte innvatin.
34. It is crucial t gather all relevant infrmatin befre making ________ decisins abut yur future career path.
35. In the bad ld days wmen used t be ________ t unhappy marriages fr financial r scial reasns.
【答案】26. D 27. H 28. A
29. ①. L ②. F 30. J 31. C 32. K 33. G 34. E 35. B
【解析】
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：定期维护保证了工厂机器的顺利运行。根据“ensures the smth peratin f machinery in the factry”可知，此处是指定期维护，名词maintenance意为“维护，保养”，符合句意。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人口密集的城市地区正面临着住房负担能力和交通拥堵的挑战。根据“are experiencing challenges related t husing affrdability and transprtatin cngestin”可知，此处是指人口密集的城市地区，形容词ppulated意为“有人口居住的”，符合句意。故选H。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。句意：实现工作与生活的平衡不仅是可取的，而且对整体幸福感和生产力至关重要。根据“but als crucial fr verall well-being and prductivity”可知，此处是指实现工作与生活的平衡不仅是可取的，形容词desirable意为“可取的”，符合句意。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词。句意：内心强大的人相信失败是通往成功之路的一部分。通过将失败视为暂时的挫折，他们能够轻松地反弹并继续前进。根据“t success”可知，此处是指通往成功之路，名词apprach意为“路径”，符合句意。根据“viewing failure as a temprary”可知，此处是指将失败视为暂时的挫折，名词setback意为“挫折”，符合句意。故选①L②F。
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意：这一突破性的科学发现得到了媒体的广泛报道，吸引了全世界记者和观众的注意。根据“capturing the attentin f jurnalists and audiences wrldwide”可知，此处是指得到了媒体的广泛报道，名词cverage意为“报道”，符合句意。故选J。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：在实验室提供的理想条件下，细菌开始迅速繁殖。根据“under the ideal cnditins prvided in the labratry”可知，此处是指细菌开始迅速繁殖，动词multiply意为“倍增”，符合句意。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：意识到这项任务的复杂性，他决定向该领域的资深专家致敬，因为他们对这件事的见解和建议。根据“the senir experts in the field fr their insights and advice n the matter”可知，此处是指向该领域的资深专家致敬，动词celebrate意为“公开赞扬”，符合句意。故选K。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：该公司重视员工的多样性，雇佣来自不同文化背景的员工来促进创新。根据“hiring emplyees frm varius cultural backgrunds t prmte innvatin”可知，此处是指重视员工的多样性，名词diversity意为“多样性”，符合句意。故选G。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在对未来的职业道路做出明智的决定之前，收集所有相关的信息是至关重要的。根据“decisins abut yur future career path”可知，此处是指对未来的职业道路做出明智的决定，形容词infrmed意为“明智的”，符合句意。故选E。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在过去糟糕的日子里，由于经济或社会原因，女性常常被不幸福的婚姻所束缚。根据“t unhappy marriages fr financial r scial reasns”可知，此处是指女性常常被不幸福的婚姻所束缚，形容词chained意为“被束缚的”，符合句意。故选B。
Sectin D
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The Art f Blming Late
In his teens and early twenties, Mzart had t wrk as an rganist and cncertmaster in his native Salzburg t make ends meet. Thugh a celestial genius, he ____36____ like a mere mrtal. Underpaid and unfulfilled, he felt a(n) ____37____ desire t devte mre time and energy t his art. S after a perid f dubt and deliberatin, that’s exactly what he did. He quit his jb and embarked n what turned ut t be the mst prductive and creative perid f his life.
Even if yu never hpe t reach Mzart’s level f mastery, yu may relate t his need t break free frm ____38____. Maybe yu’ve dne everything right— ____39____ at schl, wrked hard, and landed a gd, high-paying jb—but yu’re tired f being just like everyne else. Maybe yu yearn t d mre persnally fulfilling wrk, like funding a start-up r turning a hbby int a full-fledged career.
Hwever, drafting a plan f actin can be daunting. What, then, is hlding yu back? Rich Karlgaard, the publisher f Frbes magazine and authr f Late Blmers, argues that ur culture’s ____40____ with early achievement discurages us frm pursuing ur passins. Instead f having varied interests, studying widely, and taking ur time— ____41____ fr self-discvery—we’re encuraged t ace tests, becme specialists right away, and pursue safe, stable, and lucrative careers. As a result, mst f us end up chsing prfessinal excellence ver persnal fulfillment, and ften we lse urselves in the prcess.
T prmpt a revlutin in yur wn life, there are a few things t keep in mind. First and fremst, it’s never t late t “becme” yurself. Aristtle, fr example, didn’t fully devte himself t writing and philsphy until he was nearly 50. There are als benefits t taking a lng, ____42____ path t self-fulfillment. Remember that age ____43____ brings wisdm ,resilience, self-knwledge, and creativity. Citing the wrk f develpmental psychlgist Erik Eriksn, Karlgaard writes, thse “ages 40 t 64 cnstitute a unique perid where ne’s creativity and experience cmbine with a universal human lnging t make ur lives ____44____.”
That said, nce yu’ve decided t embark n the jurney, it may take years, if nt lnger, t reach yur destinatin. But as research has shwn, small daily changes can have a cmpund effect and slwly but _____45_____ lead yu clser t the persn yu think yu ught t be.
【答案】36. D 37. C
38. H 39. A
40. K 41. J
42. G 43. B
44. I 45. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“大器晚成”的主题，即个体在较晚的年龄阶段实现自我价值和取得成功的可能性。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：尽管他是一个天赋异禀的天才，但他也像一个普通人一样挣扎。根据上文的“Thugh a celestial genius”可知，下文和上文存在转折关系；再根据下文内容“Underpaid and unfulfilled”可知，他也曾经很辛苦，日子很挣扎。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：由于薪资微薄，又无法获得满足感，他渴望将更多的时间和精力投入到艺术中。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的名词“desire”。再根据空后的“t devte mre time and energy t his art”可知，空处选择C，“burning”，意为“燃烧的”，符合句意。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：即使你从未期望能达到莫扎特那样的技艺水平，你也可能理解他想要摆脱传统束缚的需求。根据下文内容“Maybe yu’ve dne everything right— excelled at schl, wrked hard, and landed a gd, high-paying jb—but yu’re tired f being just like everyne else. Maybe yu yearn t d mre persnally fulfilling wrk, like funding a start-up r turning a hbby int a full-fledged career.”可知，空处指的是“摆脱传统束缚”。选项H“cnventin”，名词，意为“传统”，符合句意。故选H。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：也许你已经做对了所有事情——在学校表现出色，努力工作，找到了一份收入颇丰的好工作——但你厌倦了和所有人一样的生活。根据下文的“wrked hard, and landed a gd, high-paying jb”可知，空处为动词的过去式；同时根据句意可知，空处指的是“学业出色”。选项A“excelled”，动词，意为“在……出色”，符合句意。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：《福布斯》杂志出版人、《大器晚成者》一书的作者Rich Karlgaard认为，我们的文化对早期成就的痴迷阻碍了我们追求自己的激情。根据下文“we’re encuraged t ace tests, becme specialists right away, and pursue safe, stable, and lucrative careers”可知，空处指的是我们对早起成就有种痴迷。选项K“bsessin”，名词，意为“痴迷”，符合句意。故选K。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们被鼓励去取得高分，立刻成为专家，并追求安全、稳定、有利可图的职业，而不是培养广泛的兴趣，广泛学习，并花时间去发现自我——这些都是自我发现的要素。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；再根据上文的“studying widely, and taking ur time”可知，空处指的是自我发现的“要素”；选项J“essentials”，名词，意为“要素”，符合句意。故选J。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：走一条漫长而曲折的道路来实现自我也有好处。分析句子成分，根据空前的“lng”可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的“path”；选项G“winding”，形容词，意为“曲折的”，符合句意。故选G。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：记住，年龄通常会带来智慧、韧性、自我认知和创造力。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式担当本句的状语；选项B“typically”，副词，意为“通常地”，符合句意。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：40岁到64岁是一个独特的时期，在这个时期，一个人的创造力和经验与人类普遍渴望让我们的生活变得重要的愿望结合在一起。分析句子成分可知，空处为动词原形形式；根据句意可知，空处指的是“重要”。选项I“matter”，动词原形，符合句意。故选I。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：但研究表明，每天的小改变会产生复合效应，慢慢但肯定地让你更接近你认为自己应该成为的那个人。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式担当本句的状语。选项E“surely”，副词，意为“肯定地”，符合句意。故选E。
Ⅲ．Reading Cmprchensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passages there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
It’s lng been knwn that sugary drinks help peple pack n unwanted kilgrams. But new research suggests that ___46___ drinks and even 100% fruit juice might raise yur risk fr sme cancers. The study culdn’t prve cause and effect, but it fund that drinking as little as 90-120ml f sugary drinks each day was ___47___ t an 18% rise in verall risk fr cancer.
The new study was led by Mathilde Tuvier, research directr at the University f Paris. Her team cllected data n mre than 100,000 French men and wmen, average age 42, wh tk part in a natinal ___48___.
The participants answered questins abut hw much f 3,300 different fds and drinks they cnsumed each day, and were ___49___ fr up t nine years.
The study uncvered links between the cnsumptin f sugary drinks and the risk f cancer___50___, and fr breast cancer specifically. The investigatrs fund n assciatin between sugary drinks and prstate r cln cancers (前列腺或结肠癌), but the authrs stressed that t few peple in the study develped these cancers t make this finding ___51___. The research ___52___ n links between diet sdas (无糖汽水) and cancer, althugh mre study is needed t cnfirm that, the authrs nted.
The cnnectin between sugary drinks and cancer remained the same even after the team ___53___fr age, sex, educatinal level, family histry f cancer, smking and physical activity, the researchers said.
S, why the ___54___? Accrding t Tuvier’s team, high-calrie drinks may raise cancer risk because sugar helps build bdy fat, in additin t raising bld sugar levels and inflammatin (发炎) — all f which are risk ___55___ fr cancer. It’s als pssible that chemicals fund in these drinks might play a part in ___56___ cancer risk, the researchers therized.
A grup representing the drinks industry said sugary drinks can still be a part f the ___57___ diet, hwever. In a statement, the American Beverage Assciatin said: “It’s imprtant fr peple t knw that all drinks — either with sugar r withut — are ___58___ t cnsume as part f a balanced diet. America’s leading drinks cmpanies are wrking tgether t supprt cnsumers’ effrts t ___59___ the sugar they cnsume frm ur drinks by prviding mre chices with less sugar r zer sugar, smaller package sizes and clear calrie infrmatin right up frnt.”
Samantha Heller is a senir clinical nutritinist at NYU Langne Medical Center in New Yrk City. She said she wasn’t ___60___ by the findings. She nted that, fr decades, these drinks have been linked with diseases such as heart disease. On the ther hand, “mst f us shuld be drinking mre water than we d,” Heller said.
46. A. icedB. mineralC. bttledD. sweetened
47. A. tiedB. devtedC. reducedD. limited
48 A. gameB. studyC. ceremnyD. examinatin
49. A. checkedB. cagedC. ccupiedD. fllwed
50. A. in generalB. withut exceptinC. n the cntraryD. by accident
51. A. unreliableB. unexpectedC. authritativeD. riginal
52. A. uncveredB. anticipatedC. establishedD. hid
53. A. huntedB. adjustedC. preparedD. munted
54. A. researchB. similarityC. cnnectinD. impact
55. A. behavirsB. assessmentsC. perceptinsD. factrs
56. A. explainingB. increasingC. preventingD. predicting
57. A. lcalB. nutritinalC. averageD. cnventinal
58. A. safeB. impssibleC. exceptinalD. effective
59. A. neutralizeB. digestC. remveD. reduce
60. A. annyedB. surprisedC. embarrassedD. delighted
【答案】46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. D 60. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，含糖饮料甚至纯果汁可能会增加你患某些癌症的风险。这项研究无法证明因果关系，但它发现，每天喝90-120毫升含糖饮料与患癌症的整体风险增加18%有关。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但新的研究表明，含糖饮料甚至纯果汁可能会增加你患某些癌症的风险。A. iced加冰的；B. mineral矿物的；C. bttled瓶装的；D. sweetened有甜味的。呼应后文“90-120ml f sugary drinks”指含糖的甜饮料。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究无法证明因果关系，但它发现，每天喝90-120毫升含糖饮料与患癌症的整体风险增加18%有关。A. tied系；B. devted奉献；C. reduced减少；D. limited限制。根据后文“t an 18% rise in verall risk fr cancer”指每天喝90-120毫升含糖饮料与患癌症的整体风险增加18%有关，为短语be tied t表示“有关系”。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的团队收集了超过10万名平均年龄为42岁的法国男性和女性的数据，他们参加了一项全国性的研究。A. game游戏；B. study研究；C. ceremny仪式；D. examinatin考试。此处呼应上文“The new study”指全国性研究。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参与者回答了关于他们每天食用3300种不同食物和饮料数量的问题，并被跟踪调查了长达9年。A. checked检查；B. caged关入笼里；C. ccupied占据；D. fllwed跟随。根据后文“fr up t nine years”可知，参与者被进行了跟踪调查。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：该研究揭示了含糖饮料的摄入与一般癌症风险，特别是乳腺癌风险之间的联系。A. in general通常；B. withut exceptin没有例外；C. n the cntrary相反；D. by accident偶然。后文“and fr breast cancer specifically”提到了特别是乳腺癌，可知本句是在说明一般癌症风险。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员没有发现含糖饮料与前列腺癌或结肠癌之间的联系，但作者强调，研究中患这些癌症的人太少，这使得这一发现具有权威性。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. unexpected意外的；C. authritative权威的；D. riginal起初的。根据上文“but the authrs stressed that t few peple in the study develped these cancers t make this finding”可知，作者强调，研究中患这些癌症的人太少，这使得这一发现具有权威性。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该研究没有发现无糖汽水和癌症之间的联系，尽管需要更多的研究来证实这一点，作者指出。A. uncvered揭开，发现；B. anticipated预期；C. established建立；D. hid隐藏。根据后文“ althugh mre study is needed t cnfirm that, the authrs nted”可知，该研究没有发现无糖汽水和癌症之间的联系。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员说，即使研究小组调整了年龄、性别、教育水平、癌症家族史、吸烟和体育活动等因素，含糖饮料和癌症之间的联系仍然保持不变。A. hunted打猎；B. adjusted调整；C. prepared准备；D. munted安装。根据后文“fr age, sex, educatinal level, family histry f cancer, smking and physical activity”可知，即使研究小组调整了年龄、性别、教育水平、癌症家族史、吸烟和体育活动等因素，含糖饮料和癌症之间的联系仍然保持不变。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么会有这种联系呢？A. research研究；B. similarity相似性；C. cnnectin联系；D. impact影响。呼应上文“The cnnectin between sugary drinks and cancer”指含糖饮料和癌症之间的联系。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据图维耶的研究小组称，高热量饮料可能会增加患癌症的风险，因为糖有助于身体脂肪的生成，此外还会提高血糖水平和炎症，这些都是患癌症的风险因素。A. behavirs行为；B. assessments评估；C. perceptins认知；D. factrs因素。根据上文“high-calrie drinks may raise cancer risk because sugar helps build bdy fat, in additin t raising bld sugar levels and inflammatin”可知，高热量饮料可能会增加患癌症的风险，因为糖有助于身体脂肪的生成，此外还会提高血糖水平和炎症，这些都是患癌症的风险因素。故选D。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员推断，这些饮料中发现的化学物质可能会增加患癌症的风险。A. explaining解释；B. increasing增加；C. preventing阻止 ；D. predicting预测。根据上文“chemicals fund in these drinks”可知，这些饮料指的是上文提到的含糖高的饮料，所以其中发现的化学物质可能会增加患癌症的风险。故选B。
【57题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个代表饮料行业的组织表示，含糖饮料仍然可以成为普通饮食的一部分。A. lcal当地的；B. nutritinal营养的；C. average平均的，普通的；D. cnventinal传统的。后文提到所有的饮料——无论是含糖的还是不含糖的——都是安全的，可以作为均衡饮食的一部分饮用，说明含糖饮料仍然可以成为普通饮食的一部分。故选C。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，人们要知道，所有的饮料——无论是含糖的还是不含糖的——都是安全的，可以作为均衡饮食的一部分饮用。A. safe安全的；B. impssible不可能的；C. exceptinal卓越的；D. effective有效的。根据后文“as part f a balanced diet”可知，可以作为均衡饮食的一部分饮用说明是安全的。故选A。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国领先的饮料公司正在共同努力，通过提供更多的低糖或零糖选择，更小的包装尺寸和明确的卡路里信息，支持消费者减少从我们的饮料中摄入的糖的努力。A. neutralize抵消；B. digest消化；C. remve去除；D. reduce减少。根据后文“by prviding mre chices with less sugar r zer sugar, smaller package sizes and clear calrie infrmatin right up frnt”可知，提供更多的低糖或零糖选择，更小的包装尺寸和明确的卡路里信息，是为了支持消费者减少从饮料中摄入的糖的努力。故选D。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，她对这些发现并不感到惊讶。A. annyed生气的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“She nted that, fr decades, these drinks have been linked with diseases such as heart disease. On the ther hand, “mst f us shuld be drinking mre water than we d,” Heller said.(她指出，几十年来，这些饮料一直与心脏病等疾病有关。另一方面，“我们大多数人应该比现在喝更多的水，”海勒说)”可知，她对这些发现并不感到惊讶。故选B。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them, there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
The bus screamed t a stp in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers barded and struck up a cnversatin with me. They asked typical travelers’ questins—where was I ging and why was I traveling alne? My plan was t travel with a friend f a friend, I explained, but when I called her that mrning, she didn’t pick up and I had n ther way t reach her. My stmach was in knts, but I decided t head ut anyway, thinking I might run int her if I traveled t Tiberius, where we had planned t g tgether.
“Why dn’t yu travel with us?” ne f the backpackers ffered. They were experienced adventurers wh wuld wrk fr a few mnths, save, then travel fr as lng as they culd. Their current plan was t explre the Middle East and Eurpe in three mnths while wrking in Lndn.
It seemed risky t travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. Fr the next tw weeks, I explred Israel with the backpackers and learned t trust my instincts in all types f new and interesting situatins. When they hk a ride, I tk the bus, but when they wanted t steal int the King David Htel’s swimming pl, I led the way. The wrld pened up t me because I chse t travel alne. I jined cmplete strangers, wh becme clse friends. Years later, ne cuple frm the backpacking grup even flew frm Sydney t Phenix t be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me cnfidence in all areas f my life. Since then, I’ve backpacked alne acrss Suth Africa, sky-dived frm 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even mved acrss the U.S. with n jb lined up.
On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped int the wman I was suppsed t meet. Thugh I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phne.
61. By “My stmach was in knts” (in paragraph 1), the authr mst likely means that she was ______.
A. sick f riding n a bumpy busB. nervus f meeting strangers
C. upset abut the sudden changeD. srry abut the impractical plan
62. Which f the fllwing best describes the backpackers the authr met?
A. Curageus but disrespectful.B. Jbless and prly educated.
C. Warmhearted and trustwrthy.D. Hmeless but lighthearted.
63. The authr’s sixth sense tld her that ______.
A. she wuld get alng with the backpackersB. it might cause truble t have a swim
C. she ught t stay away frm the backpackersD. it culd add excitement t get a free ride
64. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Mst f the backpackers became the authr’s lifelng friends.
B. The authr gathered the curage t be a fulltime backpack traveler.
C. The wman missed the phne call with the purpse f traveling alne.
D. The authr cnsidered it the best decisin f her life t travel n her wn.
【答案】61. C 62. C 63. A 64. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据前文“My plan was t travel with a friend f a friend, I explained, but when I called her that mrning, she didn’t pick up and I had n ther way t reach her.”可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，C项（因为突然的变化而感到沮丧的）最符合作者此时的心情，所以选C。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据““Why dn’t yu travel with us?” ne f the backpackers ffered”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据“ They were experienced adventurers wh wuld wrk fr a few mnths, save, then travel fr as lng as they culd”可知这些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选C。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It seemed risky t travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes.”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能（instinct）也就是第六感说了“好”，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选A。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The wrld pened up t me because I chse t travel alne.”可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，再结合最后一句“Thugh I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phne.”可知作者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选D。
(B)
D yu want t pen a shp in Lndn? First: yu must be aware that, as f tday, running a lcal independent shp is anything but simple. Secnd: yu must knw which is the mst respnsive area f the city fr what cncerns yur specific business. Or as an alternative, yu must gain full knwledge f which areas have prved t be super high-paying basically fr any kind f business.
As fr Lndn, everybdy knws that it is ne f the wrld capitals f trading and cmmerce. The enrmus number f residents, cmbined with the cntinuus inflw f turists, makes it a highly wanted city fr every kind f cmmercial activity.
Clearly, everyne — whether he/she is a British citizen r a freigner investr — wh wants t start a business in Lndn must detect first the mst prfitable areas. And the fur mst appealing nes are listed belw.
Cvent Garden
Opening a cmmercial space in Cvent Garden, r in the West End in general, is always a winning idea. This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. A band f musicians that never cease t attract bth clients and new investrs.
Carnaby
Fr ver sixty years, Carnaby Street and the ther surrunding secndary rads have represented an authentic asis r paradise fr thse wh want t g shpping in Lndn. First, the Swinging Lndn vibe, then the punk rck revlutin: everything — especially in terms f fashin — has been created r passed thrugh there. And even in the Third Millennium, it remains a landmark fr everything related t fashin and new trends.
Mayfair
Are yu planning t pen a luxury shp? Then Mayfair is undubtedly yur spt. Renting a place here is highly expensive, but it’s a risk wrth taking. If yu play yur cards wisely, prfits will nt be lng in cming. The nly questin is: have yu gt enugh funds t start a business in such an expensive area?
Bnd Street
Anther luxury area with a gathering f many established high-end brands, maybe the mst cmplicated ne. It is recmmended nly t thse investrs wh aim t start a real first-rate business. Many small entrepreneurs r businessmen wrk a lifetime in rder t gain the privilege r the great advantage f upgrading their business in this area.
65. This article is intended fr ______.
A. British citizens wh want t buy luxury gds
B. visitrs lking fr recreatinal activities in Britain
C. investrs interested in starting a business in Lndn
D. freigners participating in cmmercial activities in Lndn
66. Accrding t the article, if yu are planning t d business in Lndn, which factr is wrth cnsidering the mst?
A. Lndn appeals t high-paying investrs frm all ver the wrld.
B. Lndn is the mst prmising center fr trading, cmmerce and fashin.
C. Lndn is where many landmark buildings and every kind f business lies.
D. Lndn basts nging flds f turists and enrmus ptential cnsumers.
67. If yu get enugh funds and fancy pening a luxury shp, which is the last area t chse?
A. Bnd Street.B. Carnaby.
C. Mayfair.D. Cnvent Garden.
【答案】65. C 66. D 67. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个最适合投资者投资的地方。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Clearly, everyne — whether he/she is a British citizen r a freigner investr — wh wants t start a business in Lndn must detect first the mst prfitable areas. And the fur mst appealing nes are listed belw. (显然，每个想在伦敦创业的人，无论是英国公民还是外国投资者，都必须首先发现最有利可图的领域。下面列出了四个最吸引人的)”可推知，本文是的受众群体是有兴趣在伦敦创业的投资者。故选C。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二自然段“The enrmus number f residents, cmbined with the cntinuus inflw f turists, makes it a highly wanted city fr every kind f cmmercial activity. (庞大的居民数量，加上不断涌入的游客，使其成为各种商业活动的热门城市)”可推知，如果投资者计划在伦敦做生意，最值得考虑的因素是伦敦有不断涌入的游客和巨大的潜在消费者。故选D。
【67题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cvent Garden部分“This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. (这个区域代表了奢华与可持续发展之间的完美平衡)”、 Mayfair部分“Are yu planning t pen a luxury shp? Then Mayfair is undubtedly yur spt. (你打算开一家奢侈品店吗？那么梅菲尔无疑是你的位置)”以及Bnd Street部分“Anther luxury area with a gathering f many established high-end brands, maybe the mst cmplicated ne. (另一个豪华区，聚集了许多知名高端品牌，可能是最复杂的一个)”可知，Cvent Garden、Mayfair和Bnd Street适合开奢侈品店。故用排除法，如果你有足够的资金，想要开一家奢侈品店，最不应该选择Carnaby。故选B。
(C)
The newspaper must prvide fr the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, bjectively selected facts. But in these days f cmplex news it must prvide mre: it must supply interpretatin, the meaning f the facts. This is a very imprtant assignment facing American jurnalists - t make clear t the reader the prblems f the day, t make internatinal news understandable as cmmunity news, t recgnize that there is n lnger any such thing as "lcal" news, because any event in the internatinal area has a lcal reactin in the financial market, plitical circles, in terms, indeed, f ur very way f life. There is in jurnalism a widespread view that when yu start an interpretatin, yu are entering dangerus waters, the rushing tides f pinin. This is nnsense.
The ppnents f interpretatin insist that the writer and the editr shall limit themselves t the "facts". This insistence raises tw questins: What are the facts? Are the bare facts enugh?
As fr the first questin, cnsider hw a s-called "factual" stry cmes abut. The reprter cllects, say, fifty facts; ut f these fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he cnsiders mst imprtant. This is Judgment Number One. Then he r his editr decides which f these ten facts shall make up the beginning f the article, which is an imprtant decisin because many readers d nt prceed beynd the first paragraph. This is Judgment Number Tw. Then the night editr determines whether the article shall be presented n page ne, where it has a large influence, r n page twenty fur, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.
Thus in the presentatin f a s-called "factual" r"bjective" stry, at least three judgments are invlved. And they are judgments nt at all unlike thse invlved in interpretatin, in which reprters and editrs, calling upn their research resurces, their general backgrund, and heir "news neutralism", arrive at a cnclusin as t the significance f the news.
The tw areas f judgment, presentatin f the news and its interpretatin, are bth bjective and subjective prcesses. If an editr is determined t give a prejudiced view f the news, he can d it in ther ways and mre effectively than by interpretatin. He can d it by the selectin f thse facts that supprt his particular viewpint. Or he can d it by the place he gives a stry - prmting it t page ne r dragging it t page thirty.
68. Accrding t the first paragraph, which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. If a reprter makes clear the facts he writes, he will n dubt get int truble.
B. Jurnalists must select facts bjectively t make current events clear t the readers.
C. The mst imprtant task f reprters is t prvide unprejudiced facts fr the readers.
D. Fr reprters, interpretatin f facts is n less imprtant than presentatin f the facts.
69. The beginning f the article shuld present the mst imprtant fact because________.
A. it will influence the reader t cntinue
B. many readers read nly the first paragraph
C. it details the general attitude f the writer
D. it's the best way t write accrding t the schls f jurnalism
70. Where a stry is presented in a newspaper shws________.
A. the editr's prejudice
B. the reprter's backgrund
C. the stry's factual matter
D. the stry's effect n the readers
71. Which f the fllwing can best express the authr's attitude tward bjectiveness?
A. Objectiveness is cntrlled by editrs rather than writers.
B. Prperly chsing facts prepares a slid grund fr bjectiveness.
C. He desn't think there exists cmplete bjectiveness in news writing.
D. T make clear the news is a way t be bjective and respnsible fr the readers.
【答案】68. D 69. B 70. D 71. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文，作者提出了报刊提供“对新闻事实的解读”与提供“新闻事实”一样重要，并用大部分篇幅驳斥了提供解读就会有个人的观点与偏好杂糅进其中，而只提供新闻事实就可以做到绝对客观中立，因此报刊不能提供任何评论或观点这一论断。
【68题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文第一段的论述“The newspaper must prvide fr the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, bjectively selected facts. But in these days f cmplex news it must prvide mre: it must supply interpretatin, the meaning f the facts. This is a very imprtant assignment facing American jurnalists”可知此时作者的中心思想落在报刊更应提供新闻解读这一点上，而非强调新闻记者应客观公正报道新闻事实，结合全文内容也可佐证作者表达的这一侧重点，因而本题中应排除干扰项B、C（B项还有偷换概念的问题，make current events clear应该在原文中是指新闻解读所起的作用），而D项指出新闻解读并不比提供新闻事实的重要性低，契合原文，故选D。
【69题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第三段“which is an imprtant decisin because many readers d nt prceed beynd the first paragraph.”可知新闻首段的编排极其重要的原因是，很多读者除了第一段之外，就不会再读下去了，B选项最为契合原文的这一表述，故选B。
【70题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第三段结尾处“whether the article shall be presented n page ne, where it has a large influence, r n page twenty fur, where it has little.”可知文章如果刊登在首页，影响就大，相反的如果放到二十四版去（代指放到很后的版面），那它影响就很小（很多读者看不到）。因此，一篇新闻故事放在哪，表现出来的就是对读者的影响力不同，故选D。
【71题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求判断作者对于“客观”（也即新闻客观中立）的态度，结合全文，作者多次强调哪怕只提供新闻事实，记者和编辑也有很多种方法来“夹带私货”——表达自己的个人态度、偏好、观点等，如文章结尾处“He can d it by the selectin f thse facts that supprt his particular viewpint. Or he can d it by the place he gives a stry - prmting it t page ne r dragging it t page thirty.”提到记者和编辑可以选择报道某个事实而不报道另一个，可以把一篇新闻文章放在头版头条，亦或是把它扔到第三十版去。因此作者认为在新闻写作中根本不存在绝对的客观，故选C。
(D)
The stry f chclate begins with the discvery f America in 1492. Clumbus was the first Eurpean t cme int cntact with caca. Clumbus was struck by hw much value the Indians placed n them as he did nt knw the beans were used by currency. It is unlikely that Clumbus brught any f these beans back t Spain and it was nt until abut 25 years later that Crtez grasped the cmmercial pssibilities when he fund the Aztecs using the beans t make the ryal drink “chclate”.
The Spanish, in general, were nt fnd f the bitter drink s Crtez and his fllwers made it mre palatable by adding cane sugar and later cinnamn and vanilla were added. Spanish mnks let the secret ut back hme and, althugh the Spanish hid it frm their neighbrs fr a hundred years, finally chclate’s ppularity grew until it was their fashinable drink at the French curt and the wise chice f custmers at Lndn meeting huses.
The caca tree is strictly a trpical plant nly in ht, rainy climates. Thus, its cultivatin is limited t cuntries nt mre than 20 degrees nrth r suth f the equatr (赤道). The caca tree is very delicate and sensitive. It needs prtectin frm the wind and requires a fair amunt f shade under mst cnditins. This is true especially in its first tw r three years f grwth. A newly planted yung caca tree is ften sheltered by a different type f trees. It is nrmal t plant fd crps fr shade such as bananas, plantain, ccnuts r ccyams. Rubber trees and frest trees are als used fr shade. Once established, hwever, caca trees can grw in full sunlight, prvided there are fertile sil cnditins and intensive farming. With cutting and careful cultivatin, the trees f strains will begin bearing fruit in the fifth year. With extreme care, sme strains can be stimulated t prduce gd crps in the third and furth year.
The prcess f turning caca int chclate hasn’t changed much since the Swiss made the majr breakthrughs in the prcess in the late 1800s. First the beans g thrugh a prcess f fermentatin ( 发酵 ) and drying. They are then srted by hand befre cleaning and then rasting. Winnwing ( 风 扬 ) fllws which remves the hard uter layers and leaves what is as the “grains”. A crushing and heating prcess knwn as Hunte’s Prcess is then used t remve nearly half f the cca butter frm the nibs. This makes unsweetened chclate. Basic eating chclate is made frm a mixture f the unsweetened chclate with sme f the cca butter alng with ther ingredients such as sugar and vanilla. The resulting prduct is then “purified” and this purifying gives chclate the silky texture that we knw s well. The finished result is then shaped, cled, packaged by machine, distributed, sld and f curse, eaten!
72. Why didn’t Clumbus bring beans back t Spain at nce when he fund caca?
A. Because he culdn’t affrd t buy the caca bean.
B. Because he didn’t knw hw t turn caca bean int chclate.
C. Because he was nt aware f the mnetary value f caca bean then.
D. Because Spaniards then didn’t favur the chclate that the Aztecs riginally drank.
73. The underlined wrd “palatable” in paragraph 2 prbably means .
A. affrdableB. agreeableC. patentD. prtable
74. Which f the fllwing is crrect abut caca tree?
A. Caca trees need a lt f lking after t be used cmmercially.
B. Caca trees require ht, rainy climates and adequate sunlight.
C. Caca trees wn’t prduce fruit until the fifth year.
D. Caca trees can grw well in all cntinents.
75. Which is the crrect rder f turning cca int chclate?
① The chclate is reheated t melt it, put int patterns and then cled t make its final shapes.
② The beans are harvested n the farm.
③ Sme cca butter is then btained using Hunte’s Prcess t make cking chclate.
④ The cking chclate is then mixed with ther ingredients t make the varius types f eating chclate available tday.
⑤ The beans are winnwed after fermentatin and drying and these tw prcesses prduce the grains.
⑥ The finished prduct is wrapped, sent t shps and then sld.
A. ②①③④⑤⑥B. ②③①⑤④⑥C. ②④⑤①③⑥D. ②⑤③④①⑥
【答案】72. C 73. B 74. A 75. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了可可传入欧洲的历史，可可树的种植，巧克力和可可饮料的制作过程。
【72题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的It is unlikely that Clumbus brught any f these beans back t Spain and it was nt until abut 25 years later that Crtez grasped the cmmercial pssibilities when he fund the Aztecs using the beans t make the ryal drink “chclate”. (哥伦布不太可能把这些豆子带回西班牙，直到大约25年后，科特兹才掌握了商业可能性，当时他发现阿兹特克人用豆子做皇家饮料“巧克力”。)可推断，因为他那时候不知道可可豆的货币价值，因此没有把可可豆带回西班牙。故选C。
【73题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文The Spanish, in general, were nt fnd f the bitter drink(西班牙人不喜欢这种苦饮)和下文by adding cane sugar and later cinnamn and vanilla were added(加入蔗糖，然后加入肉桂和香草)可推断，因为西班牙人不喜欢苦饮，因此科特兹和他的追随者通过添加蔗糖让它更容易接受，因此推断划线词与agreeable“接受的”意思相同。故选B。
【74题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的The caca tree is strictly a trpical plant nly in ht, rainy climates. (可可树严格来说是热带植物，仅在炎热多雨的气候下。)和The caca tree is very delicate and sensitive. It needs prtectin frm the wind and requires a fair amunt f shade under mst cnditins.(可可树非常细腻敏感的。它需要防风，在大多数情况下需要相当多的阴影)可推断，可可树需要得到大量的照顾才能被商业使用，故选A。
【75题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的First the beans g thrugh a prcess f fermentatin ( 发酵 ) and drying. They are then srted by hand befre cleaning and then rasting. Winnwing ( 风 扬 ) fllws which remves the hard uter layers and leaves what is as the “grains”. A crushing and heating prcess knwn as Hunte’s Prcess is then used t remve nearly half f the cca butter frm the nibs.(首先豆类经过发酵和干燥的过程，然后，在清洗和烘焙之前，用手对它们进行分类。随后进行风杨，移除坚硬的外层，留下所谓的“谷物”。一种被称为Hunte破碎和加热过程被用来从豆中去除近一半的可可油。)可知，首先要收获可可豆，豆经发酵和干燥后簸扬，这两个过程产生谷物；然后，用Hunte的过程获得一些可可油来制作烹饪巧克力，在结合第四段下文可知，故选D。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Hw the British and American Tell Children’s Stries
If Harry Ptter and Huckleberry Finn were each t represent British versus American children’s literature, a curius situatin wuld emerge : In a literary cmpetitin fr the hearts and minds f children, ne is a wizard(巫师)- in - training at a barding schl in the Scttish Highlands, while the ther is a bareft by drifting dwn the Mississippi, bthered by cheats, slave hunters, and thieves. One defeats evil with a magic stick, the ther takes t a raft(筏)t right a scial wrng. ___76___
The small island f Great Britain is an unquestinably pwerhuse f children’s bestsellers: Alice in Wnderland, Harry Ptter, and The Lin, the Witch, and the Wardrbe. Significantly, all are fantasies. ___77___ Stries like The Call f the Wild. Charltte’s Web, Little Wmen, and the Adventures f Tm Sawyer are mre ntable fr their realistic prtraits f day-t-day life in the twns and farmlands n the grwing frntier. If British children gathered in the dim light f the kitchen fireplace t hear stries abut magic swrds and talking bears, American children sat at their mther’s knee listening tales with mral messages abut a wrld where life was hard, bedience emphasized, and Christian mrality valued. Each style has its virtues, but the British apprach undubtedly creates the kinds f stries that appeal t the furthest reaches f children’s imaginatin.
___78___ Fr ne, the British have always been in tuch with their pagan(异教徒的)flk traditins and stries, says Maria Tatar, a Harvard prfessr f children’s literature. After all, the cuntry’s very rigin stry is abut a yung king tutred by a wizard. Legends have always been accepted as histry, frm Merlin t Macbeth. “Even as the British were digging int these magical wrlds, Americans, much mre realistic, always viewed their sil as smething t explit,” says Tatar.
American write fantasies t, but nthing like the British, says Jerry Griswld, a San Dieg State University prfessr f children’s literature. He said, “___79___” T prve it, he mentined Drthy, the herine f Wizard f Oz(绿野仙踪)wh unmasks the great and pwerful Wizard as a cheat. Meanwhile, American fantasies differ in anther way: They usually end with a mral lessn learned - fr example, in Oz, Drthy’s jurney ends with the realizatin: “There’s n place like hme.”
A. It all ges back t each cuntry’s distinct cultural heritage.
B. American stries are rted in realism; even ur fantasies are rted in realism.
C. Bth bys are characterized by their unique rles, thus breathing life int the fancy stries.
D. Meanwhile, the United States, als a majr player in children’s classics, deals much less in magic.
E. Britain’s time-hnred cuntryside, with ancient castles and restful farms, lends itself t fairy-tale inventin.
F. Bth rphans tk ver the wrld f children’s literature, but their stries unfld in nticeable different ways.
【答案】76. F 77. D 78. A 79. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了英国人和美国人在讲述儿童故事方面是不同的，英国儿童文学作品是充满幻想的，而美国儿童文学作品是日常生活的现实写照。尽管美国儿童文学作品也有幻想的元素，但它们植根于现实主义。
【76题详解】
考查段尾句。空前简要描述了英国和美国的儿童文学的代表作品中的主人公的事迹，因此F项（两个孤儿都接管了儿童文学的世界，但是他们的故事以明显不同的方式展开。）能够承接上文。该选项中的Bth rphans指的是前面的Harry Ptter and Huckleberry Finn。故选F。
【77题详解】
考查段中句。空前讲的是英国儿童文学作品是充满幻想的，空后讲的是美国儿童文学作品是日常生活的现实写照。因此，D项（同时，美国还是儿童经典游戏的主要参与者，其魔术交易少得多）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的meanwhile前后两句是在对比英国和美国的儿童文学作品。故选D。
【78题详解】
考查段首句。空后讲的是英国和美国的儿童文学作品的来源是不同的，英国的儿童文学作品源于民俗传统和故事，而美国的儿童文学作品探索的是现实生活的土地，A项（这可以追溯到每个国家的独特文化遗产）能够与下文连接通顺。故选A。
【79题详解】
考查段中句。空前讲的是美国儿童文学作品也有幻想的元素，但不像英国的儿童文学作品。空后讲的是美国儿童文学作品在幻想方面不同于美国儿童文学作品的地方。因此B项（美国的故事植根于现实主义；甚至我们的幻想都植根于现实主义。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。空格后的句子中的it指代的是该选项的内容，随后进行了举例。故选B。
Ⅳ．Summary Writing
80. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea f each paragraph in ne cmplete sentence.
Hw Did Yuan Lngping Revlutinize China’s Rice Prductin?
①Yuan Lngping was brn in 1930 in Hubei. As a child he was very interested in plants and ther living things. He grew up t be a curius and hard-wrking plant scientist. Yuan wanted t slve the prblem f fd shrtages, s he began cnducting experiments t imprve rice yields per hectare (10,000 m2).
②Plants cme in many different varieties; fr example, sme types f rice have lng grains, while thers have shrt grains. Fr centuries, peple have been crssing different plant varieties t create hybrids. Such plants prved t have desirable qualities frm bth parents. Yuan believed that it was pssible t d the same with rice. He tried different ways f creating rice hybrids, nly t discver that his attempts were unsuccessful.
③Even thugh it ften seemed t difficult t cmplete this task, Yuan didn’t give up. After many years f hard wrk, his experiments finally bre fruit. This was a majr discvery since n ne had previusly been able t crss tw different kinds f rice. It had a huge impact: the first hybrid rice variety increased China’s rice prductin by 100 millin tnnes in little ver a decade.
④Yuan didn’t stp there — instead, he cntinued experimenting and created super hybrid rice with yields ver 15 tnnes f rice per hectare. Thanks t Yuan’s wrk, China became self-sufficient in rice. Our cuntry cntinued t increase its rice yields t becme ne f the biggest fd dnrs in the wrld. In 2019, he received the Medal f the Republic fr his utstanding cntributins. At the age f 90, Yuan Lngping still hasn’t retired. With a grwing glbal ppulatin, the wrld needs t prduce enugh fd t feed everyne, and Yuan is wrking t make this happen.
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【答案】
①Yuan Lngping had the dream t slve the prblem f fd shrtages and tk actins psitively.
②Yuan’s previus attempts t create rice hybrids prved unsuccessful.
③Yuan’s persistence finally paid ff and his hybrid rice had an immense impact n China’s rice prductin.
④Yuan kept n wrking and received bigger achievements, which benefit nt nly China but the whle wrld.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了袁隆平培育杂交水稻造福中国和世界的故事。
【详解】①根据第一段最后三句“As a child, he was very interested in plants and ther living things. He grew up t be a curius and hard-wrking plant scientist. Yuan wanted t slve the prblem f fd shrtages, s he began cnducting experiments t imprve rice yields per hectare (10,000 m2).(作为一个孩子，他对植物和其他生物非常感兴趣。他长大后成为一名好奇心强、工作勤奋的植物科学家。袁想要解决粮食短缺的问题，所以他开始进行提高每公顷（10,000平方米）水稻产量的实验。)”可知，第一段主要是讲袁隆平怀有解决粮食短缺问题的梦想，并积极采取行动。故答案为Yuan Lngping had the dream t slve the prblem f fd shrtages and tk actins psitively.。
②根据第二段最后一句“He tried different ways f creating rice hybrids, nly t discver that his attempts were unsuccessful.(他尝试了不同的方法来培育杂交水稻，结果发现他的尝试都不成功。)”可知，第二段主要是讲袁隆平起初培育杂交水稻的尝试被证明是失败的。故答案为Yuan’s previus attempts t create rice hybrids prved unsuccessful.。
③根据第三段前两句“Even thugh it ften seemed t difficult t cmplete this task, Yuan didn’t give up. After many years f hard wrk, his experiments finally bre fruit.(尽管完成这项任务似乎很难，但袁并没有放弃。经过多年的努力，他的实验终于有了成果。)”和最后一句“It had a huge impact: the first hybrid rice variety increased China’s rice prductinby 100 millin tnnes in little ver a decade.(它产生了巨大的影响：第一个杂交水稻品种在十多年的时间里使中国的水稻产量增加了1亿吨。)”可知，第三段主要是讲袁的坚持终于得到了回报，他的杂交水稻对中国的水稻产量产生了巨大的影响。故答案为Yuan’s persistence finally paid ff and his hybrid rice had an immense impact n China’s rice prductin.。
④根据第四段前两句“Yuan didn’t stp there — instead, he cntinued experimenting and created super hybrid rice with yields ver 15 tnnes f rice per hectare. Thanks t Yuan’s wrk, China became self-sufficient in rice.(袁并没有就此止步，相反，他继续试验，创造了每公顷产量超过15吨的超级杂交水稻。由于袁的工作，中国实现了大米自给自足。)”和最后一句“With a grwing glbal ppulatin, the wrld needs t prduce enugh fd t feed everyne, and Yuan is wrking t make this happen.(随着全球人口的增长，世界需要生产足够的食物来养活每个人，袁正在努力实现这一目标。)”可知，第四段主要是讲袁继续努力，取得了更大的成就，不仅造福中国，也造福世界。故答案为Yuan kept n wrking and received bigger achievements, which benefit nt nly China but the whle wrld.。
Ⅴ．Translatin (3, 3, 4, 4, 5)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English; using the wrds given in the brackets.
81. 药品不应该放在孩子们容易拿得到的地方。(accessible) (汉译英)
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【答案】Medicine shuld nt be kept where it is accessible t children.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、形容词短语以及地点状语从句。句子陈述事实，时态使用一般现在时。根据句意，可以把句子写成带有定语从句的主从复合句。主句写成被动语态，主语是“药品”表示泛指，用medicine，可以使用不可数名词形式；“不应该放”是谓语部分，使用动词keep的被动语态形式shuld nt be kept；“孩子们容易拿得到的地方”是状语，应使用状语从句，根据题目要求使用形容词“accessible”，构成固定短语be accessible t “可以接近，可以获得”，主语使用it代指“药品”，从句可以写成where引导地点状语从句，使用主系表结构it is accessible t children。故翻译为Medicine shuld nt be kept where it is accessible t children.
82. 这个班由50名学生组成，年龄从10岁到18岁不等。(range) (汉译英)
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【答案】This class cnsists f 50 students, ranging in age frm 10 t 18.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。主语为this class；表示“由……组成”短语为cnsist f；表示“50名学生”为50 students；表示“年龄从10岁到18岁不等”应用现在分词短语ranging in age frm 10 t 18，作状语。为一般现在时。故翻译为This class cnsists f 50 students, ranging in age frm 10 t 18.
83. 早年被当作学困生，爱因斯坦被学校开除，但大约三十年后他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。(befre) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In his early years treated as a student with academic difficulties, Einstein was expelled frm schl, abut thirty years befre he wn the Nbel Prize in Physics.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，从句和短语。根据句意，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，“早年”译为in his early years，表示“被当做学困生”译为treated as a student with academic difficulties，过去分词作状语，“被学校开除”译为be expelled frm schl，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数结合主谓一致，故译为Einstein was expelled frm schl，提示词befre表示“在……以前”，“但大约三十年后他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖”可理解为“大约在他获得诺贝尔物理学奖的30年前”，译为abut thirty years befre he wn the Nbel Prize in Physics，befre引导时间状语从句。故答案为In his early years treated as a student with academic difficulties, Einstein was expelled frm schl, abut thirty years befre he wn the Nbel Prize in Physics.
84. 许多物种正以惊人的速度消失，其中一些将面临在未来几十年内灭绝的风险。(which) (汉译英)
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【答案】Many species are disappearing at an astnishing rate, sme f which will face the risk f extinctin in the next few decades.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和短语。主语为many species；表示“消失”应用动词disappear，为现在进行时；表示“以惊人的速度”短语为at an astnishing rate；表示“其中一些”应用sme f which，为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句；表示“面临在未来几十年内灭绝的风险”翻译为face the risk f extinctin in the next few decades，为一般将来时。故翻译为Many species are disappearing at an astnishing rate, sme f which will face the risk f extinctin in the next few decades.
85. 许多成就大事的人都有一个共同之处：虽然开始并不顺利，但他们坚守信念并不懈努力，最终取得成功。（despite, start v.） （否则）
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Many peple wh have achieved great things have ne thing in cmmn: despite the fact that they did nt start smthly, they persisted in their beliefs and wrked tirelessly, ultimately achieving success.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词、动词、时态、定语从句和同位语从句。表示“许多”应用形容词many；表示“人”应用名词peple；表示“成就大事”应用动词短语achieve great things；表示“有一个共同之处”应用动词短语have ne thing in cmmn；表示“虽然”应用介词despite；表示“开始”应用动词start；表示“不顺利”应用副词nt smthly；表示“他们”应用代词they；表示“坚守信念”应用动词短语persist in their beliefs；表示“并”应用连词and；表示“不懈”应用副词tirelessly；表示“努力”应用动词wrk；表示“最终”应用副词ultimately；表示“取得成功”应用动词短语achieve success；分析句子结构和意思可知，表示“成就大事的”应用定语从句，修饰先行词“人”，在从句中作主语，指人，用关系代词wh引导；despite是介词，后面要跟上名词the fact，在跟同位语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导；表示“最终取得成功”用现在分词形式，作状语；这句话描述的是道理，谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为Many peple wh have achieved great things have ne thing in cmmn: despite the fact that they dn’t start smthly, they persist in their beliefs and wrk tirelessly, ultimately achieving success.A．desirable B．chained C．multiply D．maintenance
E．infrmed F．setback G．diversity H．ppulated
L．apprach J．cverage K．celebrate
A．excelled B．typically C．burning D．struggled E．surely
F．barriers G．winding H．cnventin I．matter J．essentials
K．bsessin