【英语】辽宁鞍山市海城市某学校2025-2026学年高二下学期开学考试试题（学生版+解析版）

这是一份【英语】辽宁鞍山市海城市某学校2025-2026学年高二下学期开学考试试题（学生版+解析版），文件包含英语辽宁鞍山市海城市某学校2025-2026学年高二下学期开学考试试题解析版docx、英语辽宁鞍山市海城市某学校2025-2026学年高二下学期开学考试试题学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
A
Harvard’s Pre-Cllege Prgram fr high schl students is an intensive tw-week summer prgram designed t give yu a glimpse f cllege life. Yu will live n the Harvard campus during yur tw-week sessin while taking a cllege-level curse with ther Pre-Cllege Prgram students. The applicatin fr Summer 2024 is nw pen.
Wh Can Participate in the Pre-Cllege Prgram?
Harvard’s Pre-Cllege Prgram is designed fr mature, academically mtivated students wh are interested in explring a ptential majr r simply finding ut what cllege is really like.
T be eligible fr Summer 2024, yu must meet bth f the fllwing criteria:
*Will graduate frm high schl and enter cllege in 2025 r 2026
*Are at least 16 years ld by June 22, 2024, and will nt turn 19 years ld befre July 31, 2024.
Imprtant Deadlines:
*Early Applicatin and Pririty Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024
*Regular Applicatin and Financial Aid Deadline — February 14, 2024
*Late Applicatin Deadline — April 10, 2024
Curses at Harvard’s Pre-Cllege Prgram:
With almst 30 curses t chse frm in each sessin, yu’re sure t find a tpic that aruses yur interest. Yu take ne curse during a sessin, and althugh curses are nn-credit, they are thrugh and strict. At the end f the prgram, yu’ll receive a written evaluatin frm yur instructr, as well as a Harvard transcript with a grade f AR r NM (“requirements met” r “requirements nt met”). This is a great way t supplement yur cllege applicatin. Please nte: Yu need t attend every class in its entirety t receive a passing grade f “Met All Requirements.”
The ttal fee fr a 2024 Harvard Pre-Cllege Prgram sessin is $5,550. The prgram fee includes tuitin, rm and meal plan, activity csts, and an accident and sickness insurance plan fr the full tw weeks. There is als a nn-refundable $75 applicatin fee per persn.
A limited number f schlarships are available t assist eligible students wh demnstrate financial need. Awards vary based n need, and a typical award cvers a prtin f the tuitin.
1. Which f the fllwing statement is True?
A. The students will take a cllege-level curse with cllege students.
B. The prgram is intended fr mature and talented students.
C. The applicatin must be submitted by April 10, 2024.
D. The schlarships are available t a majrity f students.
2. What will happen t the student if he participates in the prgram?
A. He will chse 30 curses.
B. He will fail t get a passing grade if he misses any class.
C. He will earn credits befre cllege.
D. He will receive an ral evaluatin frm instructrs.
3. Hw much shuld a pair f twins pay if they attend the tw-week Pre-Cllege Prgram?
A. $11175B. $5,625C. $11150D. $11250
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的大学预科项目的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Imprtant Deadlines部分中“*Late Applicatin Deadline — April 10, 2024(*申请截止日期为2024年4月10日)”可知，C选项“申请必须在2024年4月10日前提交”正确。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Please nte: Yu need t attend every class in its entirety t receive a passing grade f “Met All Requirements.”(请注意：您需要完整地参加每节课才能获得“满足所有要求”的及格分数)”可知，如果学生参加了这个项目，如果他错过任何一节课，他就不能通过考试。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The ttal fee fr a 2024 Harvard Pre-Cllege Prgram sessin is $5,550.(2024年哈佛大学预科课程的总费用为5550美元)”以及“There is als a nn-refundable $75 applicatin fee per persn.(此外，报名费为每人75美元，不可退还)”可知，如果一对双胞胎参加为期两周的大学预科课程，他们应该支付5550+5550+75+75=11250美元。故选D。
B
They say nce yu learn t ride a bike, yu never frget. Mst f us learned t ride when we were kids, and many still wear ur helmets, put ur feet n the pedals, and sht ff fr a ride n the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen an increase in ppularity, s many peple raise a questin: ___4___
First, let’s lk at the health benefits. Cycling can imprve yur cardivascular (心血管的) health and burn extra bdy fat. Strengthening yur muscles in yur legs helps increase yur ptential trque (扭矩) and cadence (节奏). ___5___ A lng ride in the cuntryside culd help yu clear yur mind, r de-stress. But it’s nt nly abut yur bdy and mind there are als sme plus sides fr yur wallet’s health.
Cycling can be a great way t g t wrk r get abut twn. ___6___ If yu drive t wrk, smetimes finding smewhere t park can be a nightmare, whereas finding smewhere t chain yur bike up can be much simpler. Then, n the subway, there are changes at statins and ther peple wh g t wrk speaking ludly n their phnes t deal with. ___7___ And if yu’re wrried abut safety, there are designated cycle lanes in many majr cities. In additin, wearing high-visibility clthing is anther way t imprve yur safety when cycling n the rads.
___8___ It can help yu reduce yur carbn ftprints. Nt giving ff greenhuse gases int the atmsphere is better fr the planet and yur wn envirnment.
S, whether peple want t cycle fr their health, their wallet, the envirnment, r a cmbinatin f all f them —the ppularity f cycling is n the rise.
A. What makes cycling s cnvenient?
B. But cyclists face neither f these issues.
C. And peple will chse t g t wrk by cycling.
D. This can save yu a lt f mney n fuel r public transprtatin.
E. Finally, cycling can als be gd fr the envirnment.
F. And the benefits frm cycling aren’t just physical, but mental as well.
G. What makes it s attractive fr peple t take their bikes nce again?
【答案】4. G 5. F 6. D 7. B 8. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者从健康优势、费用与方便程度和环保这四个方面介绍了骑自行车出行的好处。
【4题详解】
根据上文“In recent times, cycling has seen an increase in ppularity, s many peple raise a questin(最近，骑自行车越来越受欢迎，所以很多人提出了一个问题)”以及下文对骑自行车出行的好处的介绍可知，本句应选择一个问句，针对骑自行车受欢迎提问。故G项“是什么如此吸引人们再一次骑上他们的自行车呢？”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【5题详解】
根据上文“First, let’s lk at the health benefits. Cycling can imprve yur cardivascular (心血管的) health and burn extra bdy fat. Strengthening yur muscles in yur legs helps increase yur ptential trque (扭矩) and cadence (节奏).(首先，让我们看看它对健康的好处。骑自行车可以改善你的心血管健康，燃烧多余的脂肪。加强腿部肌肉有助于增加你的潜在扭矩和节奏)”以及后文“A lng ride in the cuntryside culd help yu clear yur mind, r de-stress.(在乡下长途骑行可以帮助你理清思路，或减压)”可知，此处应是讲述骑自行车对心理健康的好处。F项“而且，骑自行车的好处不仅仅是身体上的，还有精神上的。”呼应上下文，符合语境。故选F。
【6题详解】
根据上文“Cycling can be a great way t g t wrk r get abut twn.(骑自行车是上班或进城的好方法)”表明骑自行车是上班和在城市中四处闲逛的一种不错的出行方式，因此空处应是在解释为什么骑自行车是一种不错的出行方式。D项“这可以为你省下一大笔油钱或花在公共交通上的 钱。”符合语境，其中的 This 指的是上文提到的骑自行车上班或在城市中四处闲逛。故 选D。
【7题详解】
根据上文“If yu drive t wrk, smetimes finding smewhere t park can be a nightmare, whereas finding smewhere t chain yur bike up can be much simpler. Then, n the subway, there are changes at statins and ther peple wh g t wrk speaking ludly n their phnes t deal with.(如果你开车去上班，有时找个地方停车可能是一场噩梦，而找个地方把你的自行车拴起来可能要简单得多。然后，在地铁上，车站有变化，其他上班的人大声打电话来应对)”提到了开车和坐地铁去上班会出现的问题， 故B项“但骑自行车的人不会面临这两个问题。”与上文形成对比，强调骑自行车上班的好处，符合语境。故选 B。
【8题详解】
根据后文“It can help yu reduce yur carbn ftprints. Nt giving ff greenhuse gases int the atmsphere is better fr the planet and yur wn envirnment.(它可以帮助你减少碳足迹。不向大气中排放温室气体对地球和我们自己的环境都更好)”可知，本段主要讲述的是骑自行车对环境的好处。故E项“最后，骑自行车对环境也有好处。”符合语境。故选 E。
C
Indr gardening takes many frms, frm micrgreen kits t windwsill herb pts t hme hydrpnic (水培) systems. And then there’s the “Garden in a Bag”. Exactly as its name suggests, these cute paper bags are filled with sil and seeds that will grw int ne f many plant varieties n a sunny windwsill. ___9___
The plant chices range frm lavender and catnip t snapdragns and alpine strawberry. ___10___ They can express affectin r gratitude r t send a message t Mum r smene else yu’re thinking f.
___11___ An impatient gardener wn’t have t wait lng fr their mini-gardens t start grwing. Germinatin (萌芽) time varies depending n the plant variety, but mst sprut (发芽) within three t 14 days. They will cntinue t grw pst-germinatin and may eventually need t be transferred t a larger pt t keep grwing.
Garden in a Bag is initiated by Free the Ocean (FTO), an rganisatin that remves ten pieces f plastic frm the cean fr every item sld in its nline stre. FTO’s funder Mimi Ausland says Garden in a Bag is a cmmunity favurite and relevant fr Earth Day, as spring is a great time t start grwing a little fd r smething beautiful at hme. ___12___
Each bag measures 7 inches by 6 inches. The sil cmes packaged separately in a sugarcane (甘蔗) bag. ___13___ The feel is similar, but sugarcane is a natural material. It will bidegrade.
A. And n green thumb is required.
B. We lve hw easy these are t grw.
C. Yu can als pt fr sweet message bags.
D. This, FTO says, is nt t be cnfused with a plastic ne.
E. Recipients will be pleased t see the gifts grwing well and fast.
F. These self-cntained gardens require much mre than sunlight and water.
G. This is a fun way t have a steady supply f fresh herbs r flwers year-rund.
【答案】9. G 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Garden in a Bag这一家居养花技巧。
【9题详解】
上文“Exactly as its name suggests, these cute paper bags are filled with sil and seeds that will grw int ne f many plant varieties n a sunny windwsill.(正如它的名字所暗示的那样，这些可爱的纸袋里装满了土壤和种子，这些种子将在阳光明媚的窗台上长成许多植物中的一种)”说明“Garden in a Bag”的构成和用途，空处承接上文，G选项“这是一个有趣的方式，有一个稳定的供应新鲜的草药或花卉全年”进一步说明了这种园艺形式的好处，与上文内容衔接紧密，符合语境，故选G。
【10题详解】
下文“They can express affectin r gratitude r t send a message t Mum r smene else yu’re thinking f.(它们可以表达喜爱或感激之情，也可以向妈妈或你想念的其他人传达信息)”说明这些园艺产品有传达情感信息的作用，空处应引出下文，选择能传达信息的袋子。C选项中“sweet message bags”与下文表达情感信息相呼应，故C选项“你也可以选择甜蜜的留言袋”，引出下文关于传达情感的内容，符合语境，故选C。
【11题详解】
下文“An impatient gardener wn’t have t wait lng fr their mini-gardens t start grwing.(一个没有耐心的园丁不用等太久，他们的小花园就会开始生长)”强调了这种园艺形式生长速度快，容易种植，B选项中“easy t grw”与下文生长速度快、不用久等相呼应，体现了这种园艺形式容易种植的特点，故B选项“我们喜欢它们容易养殖”引出下文，符合语境，故选B。
【12题详解】
上文“FTO’s funder Mimi Ausland says Garden in a Bag is a cmmunity favurite and relevant fr Earth Day, as spring is a great time t start grwing a little fd r smething beautiful at hme.(FTO的创始人Mimi Ausland说，袋装花园是社区的最爱，与地球日有关，因为春天是开始在家里种一点食物或一些美丽的东西的好时机)”说明“Garden in a Bag”受欢迎的原因，空处应，进一步说明了这种园艺形式的优势。故A选项“而且不需要园艺能手”承接上文，继续阐述其优点，即不需要园艺技能，符合语境，故选A。
【13题详解】
上文“Each bag measures 7 inches by 6 inches. The sil cmes packaged separately in a sugarcane (甘蔗) bag.(每个袋子长7英寸，宽6英寸。土壤被单独包装在一个甘蔗袋子里)”说明“Garden in a Bag”的大小和包装材料，D选项“FTO说，这与塑料袋不同”承接上文，并引出下文“The feel is similar, but sugarcane is a natural material. It will bidegrade.(感觉很相似，但甘蔗是一种天然材料。它会被生物降解)”进一步解释包装材料甘蔗袋与塑料袋的区别，说明甘蔗袋的特性，符合语境，故选D。
D
Is frgiveness against ur human nature? T answer ur questin, we need t ask a further questin: What is the essence f ur humanity? Fr the sake f simplicity, peple cnsider tw distinctly different views f humanity.
The first view invlves dminance and pwer. In an early paper n the psychlgy f frgiveness, Drll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is mre aggressive than frgiving allws. Thse wh frgive are against their basic nature, much t their harm. In his pinin, frgivers are cmprmising their well-being as they ffer mercy t thers, wh might then take advantage f them.
The secnd view invlves the theme f cperatin, mutual respect, and even lve as the basis f wh we are as humans. Researchers find that t fully grw as human beings, we need bth t receive lve frm and ffer lve t thers. Withut lve, ur cnnectins with a wide range f individuals in ur lives can fall apart. Even cmmn sense strngly suggests that the will t pwer ver thers des nt make fr harmnius interactins. Fr example, hw well has slavery wrked as a mde f scial harmny?
Frm this secnd viewpint f wh we are as humans, frgiveness plays a key rle in the bilgical and psychlgical integrity f bth individuals and cmmunities because ne f the utcmes f frgiveness, shwn thrugh scientific studies, is the decreasing f hate and the restratin f harmny. Frgiveness can break the cycle f anger. At least t the extent the peple frm whm yu are estranged (不和的) accept yur lve and frgiveness and are prepared t make the required adjustments. Frgiveness can heal relatinships and recnnect peple.
As an imprtant nte, when we take a classical philsphical perspective, we see the distinctin between ptentiality and actuality. We are nt necessarily brn with the capacity t frgive, but instead with the ptential t learn abut it and t grw in ur ability t frgive. The actuality f frgiving, in real situatins, develps with practice.
14. What is Drll’s idea abut frgiveness?
A. Peple shuld ffer mercy t thers.
B. Aggressive peple shuld learn t frgive.
C. Frgiveness depends n the nature f humanity.
D. Peple wh frgive can have their wn welfare affected.
15. What des the example in Paragraph 3 illustrate?
A. T fight is t grw.B. T give is t receive.
C. T frgive is t abuse.D. T dminate is t harm.
16. What is the writer’s attitude tward frgiveness?
A. Favrable.B. Reserved.C. Objective.D. Skeptical.
17. What message des the last paragraph cnvey?
A. Frgiveness is in ur nature.B. Frgiveness grws with time.
C. It takes practice t frgive.D. Actuality is based n ptentiality.
【答案】14. D 15. D 16. A 17. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thse wh frgive are against their basic nature, much t their harm. In his pinin, frgivers are cmprmising their well-being as they ffer mercy t thers, wh might then take advantage f them.(那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们)”可知，Drll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Withut lve, ur cnnectins with a wide range f individuals in ur lives can fall apart. Even cmmn sense strngly suggests that the will t pwer ver thers des nt make fr harmnius interactins.(没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。)”可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；结合下文“Fr example, hw well has slavery wrked as a mde f scial harmny?(例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用？)”可知，奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦，此处通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选D。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We are nt necessarily brn with the capacity t frgive, but instead with the ptential t learn abut it and t grw in ur ability t frgive.(我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长)”可知，作者对于宽恕持支持的态度。故选A。
【17题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As an imprtant nte, when we take a classical philsphical perspective, we see the distinctin between ptentiality and actuality. We are nt necessarily brn with the capacity t frgive, but instead with the ptential t learn abut it and t grw in ur ability t frgive. The actuality f frgiving, in real situatins, develps with practice.(值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度来看，我们看到了潜能和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。在现实生活中，宽恕的现实是随着实践而发展的)”可知，最后一段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选C。
E
When the lng ht days f summer arrive, we can escape the heat by ging indrs and drinking cld drinks, while ur plants cannt. ____18____ Here are fur tips n hw t take care f yur garden during these recrd-breaking heat waves.
____19____ Instead f watering during the httest parts f the day when water is likely t evaprate (蒸发), change yur schedule t water in the evening r during the early mrning. If yu live in a dry area, yu can set up sustainable watering systems, like a rainwater harvester and drip irrigatin.
Create shade. When it is really ht, plants need extra shade t reduce stress. Yu can increase shade by planting yur garden in an area near trees and bushes. Of curse, that wn't help a vegetable garden planted in rws away frm trees. ____20____ If yu have ptted plants, mving them under a shade net is als a gd ptin.
Use suitable plants. Anther way t keep yur garden safe frm the sun takes sme pre-planning. Generally speaking, native plants are much mre likely t survive drught and extreme temperatures. ____21____ Using grund cver plants als requires far less water than a grass lawn. But if yu d have a lawn, leave the grass clippings after yu cut the grass.
Plant sme wildflwers. Drpping wildflwer seeds n any unused part f yur garden will help bees, butterflies, and insects survive the heat. Plants like buttercups and daisies are a gd surce f fd fr them. ____22____ After all, sharing yur garden with nature is the mst right thing t d.
A. Change yur watering schedule.
B. Healthy plants require the right amunt f sunlight.
C. Meanwhile, set up a bird bath fr birds t cl ff in.
D. Water plants nly nce a week t avid verwatering.
E. S, chsing native plants will make things much easier fr yu.
F. But yu can still help yur plants survive the heat by using a shade net.
G. That's why yu have t help keep yur garden cl when the temperatures rise.
【答案】18. G 19. A 20. F 21. E 22. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在夏季创纪录的高温热浪期间，如何通过改变浇水时间、创造阴凉、选用合适植物和种植野花等四个方法来照料花园，帮助植物度过高温。
【18题详解】
前文“When the lng ht days f summer arrive, we can escape the heat by ging indrs and drinking cld drinks, while ur plants cannt. (当漫长炎热的夏日来临时，我们可以躲进室内喝冷饮来避暑，而我们的植物却不能。)”通过人与植物的对比，点明植物无法自主避暑的困境。后文“Here are fur tips n hw t take care f yur garden during these recrd-breaking heat waves.(以下是四个方法，帮助你在创纪录的热浪期间照料好你的花园。)”直接引出具体建议。由此可知，空处需要承上启下，解释为什么“我们”需要采取行动来帮助植物。G项“That’s why yu have t help keep yur garden cl when the temperatures rise. (这就是为什么当温度升高时，你必须帮助你的花园保持凉爽。)”中的“That’s why”完美承接前文原因，并引出后文的行动建议，逻辑连贯。故选G。
【19题详解】
后文“Instead f watering during the httest parts f the day when water is likely t evaprate (蒸发), change yur schedule t water in the evening r during the early mrning. If yu live in a dry area, yu can set up sustainable watering systems, like a rainwater harvester and drip irrigatin.(不要在一天中最热、水分极易蒸发的时候浇水，而应将浇水时间调整为傍晚或清晨。如果你生活在干燥地区，可以搭建可持续的浇水系统，例如雨水收集器和滴灌设施。)”可知，本段围绕“改变浇水习惯”这一具体行动展开的。由此可知，空处应是该段主旨句。A项“Change yur watering schedule. (改变你的浇水时间。)” 直接、准确地概括了本段核心建议，作为段首主题句最为合适。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文“Of curse, that wn’t help a vegetable garden planted in rws away frm trees. (当然，这对于那些成行种植、远离树木的菜园来说没有帮助。)”指出了依靠树木遮阴方法的局限性，存在转折意味。后文“If yu have ptted plants, mving them under a shade net is als a gd ptin. (如果你有盆栽植物，把它们移到遮阳网下也是个好选择。)”提供了另一种遮阴方案。由此可知，空处应承接前文的转折，并引出后文替代方案。F项“But yu can still help yur plants survive the heat by using a shade net. (但你仍然可以通过使用遮阳网来帮助植物在高温中存活。)”中的“But”承接转折，“using a shade net”完美引出后文的具体做法，衔接紧密。故选F。
【21题详解】
前文“Generally speaking, native plants are much mre likely t survive drught and extreme temperatures. (一般来说，本地植物更有可能在干旱和极端温度下存活。)”说明了选择本地植物的优势。后文“Using grund cver plants als requires far less water than a grass lawn. (使用地被植物也比草坪需要少得多的水。)”转向另一类植物（地被植物）的优点。由此可知，空处应对前文关于“native plants”的论述进行总结或给出建议。E项“S, chsing native plants will make things much easier fr yu. (因此，选择本地植物会让事情对你来说容易得多。)”中的“S”是结果性连接词，对前文优势进行自然总结，并提出明确建议，符合语境。故选E。
【22题详解】
前文“Plant sme wildflwers. Drpping wildflwer seeds n any unused part f yur garden will help bees, butterflies, and insects survive the heat. Plants like buttercups and daisies are a gd surce f fd fr them.(种植一些野花。在花园里任何闲置的区域播撒野花种子，将有助于蜜蜂、蝴蝶和其他昆虫在高温中存活。毛茛和雏菊等植物能为它们提供良好的食物来源。)”说明了种植野花对昆虫的帮助。后文“After all, sharing yur garden with nature is the mst right thing t d. (毕竟，与自然分享你的花园是最正确的事情。)”进行了总结升华，强调与自然共享的理念。由此可知，空处可以继续扩展“帮助其他生物”的思路，作为总结前的最后一个具体建议。C项“Meanwhile, set up a bird bath fr birds t cl ff in. (同时，为鸟类设置一个洗澡盆让它们降温。)” 中的“Meanwhile”表示并列补充，“birds”与前文的“bees, butterflies, and insects”共同构成更广泛的生物群体，丰富了“与自然分享”的内涵，使建议更全面，并自然导向最终结论。故选C。
二、完形填空
Wilsn, a New Yrk cyclist, dnated ne f his kidneys (肾) tw years ag. In rder t ____23____ that the peratin didn’t change his lifestyle, earlier this year n March 10, which marked the Wrld Kidney Day, he climbed t the tp f Mt. Kilimanjar with ther kidney dnrs.
His idea t be a kidney dnr first appeared ____24____ seeing a friend’s pst n Facebk. The friend wrte that his teenage daughter had recently ____25____ a life-saving kidney dnatin frm a stranger, which enabled her t lead a nrmal life.
When he gt hme, he started ____26____ kidney dnatins n the Internet. He learned that abut 97,000 peple were n the Natinal Kidney Transplant List, and that many patients spent years n the list because there weren’t ____27____ kidneys available. He felt srry fr these patients and ____28____ t becme a kidney dnr. When Wilsn tld his wife abut his idea t becme a dnr, ____29____, she ttally supprted his decisin.
Wilsn began taking the steps t becme a kidney dnr, including ____30____ tests and examinatins.
Wilsn’s peratin was an even mre advanced, minimally invasive (微创) ne ____31____ a single-prt surgery (单端口手术). Dctrs remved Wilsn’s kidney using an incisin (切口) made in his belly. And then, his kidney wuld g fr a perfect _____32_____. After abut tw weeks, he was back n his indr bike and began training _____33_____ and carefully under the dctr’s guidance.
As a dnr f a living thing, Wilsn said, “_____34_____ an peratin may seem frightening, but all it tk was several weeks fr recvery.” He added, “The mst imprtant thing I want peple t knw is that when smene dnates a kidney, life really desn’t _____35_____ at all.”
“If yu can help thers, it’s a wnderful thing, “Wilsn said. “But the planet is a big place, s it is wnderful fr a small individual (个体), even a stranger t make an impact n _____36_____ persn, and ne will feel prud and hnred t save thers.” It is als a great _____37_____ t the dnr himself.
23. A. wishB. prveC. prmiseD. pray
24. A. befreB. afterC. sinceD. until
25. A. cntributedB. dnatedC. receivedD. transplanted
26. A. dnatingB. researchingC. calculatingD. figuring
27. A. crrectB. newC. trueD. enugh
28. A. invitedB. persuadedC. determinedD. rdered
29. A. thankfullyB. generallyC. graduallyD. actually
30. A. cuntlessB. hpelessC. harmlessD. limitless
31. A. callingB. calledC. callD. calls
32. A. dctrB. hspitalC. matchD. persn
33. A. excitedlyB. hardlyC. lightlyD. heavily
34. A. Ging thrughB. Breaking thrughC. Lking thrughD. Seeing thrugh
35. A. imprveB. changeC. disappearD. advance
36. A. therB. the therC. antherD. thers
37. A. challengeB. fightC. cmpetitinD. gift
【答案】23. B 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位来自纽约的自行车手威尔逊捐赠了一个肾脏，并且证明这次手术并没有改变他的生活方式的故事。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了证明手术没有改变他的生活方式，今年早些时候的3月10日是世界肾脏日，他和其他捐肾者一起爬上了乞力马扎罗山山顶。A. wish希望；B. prve证明；C. prmise允诺；D. pray祈祷。根据下文““The mst imprtant thing I want peple t knw is that when smene dnates a kidney, life really desn’t ________ at all.””可知他是为了证明手术没有改变他的生活方式，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：他想捐肾的想法最初是在看到一个朋友在Facebk上的帖子后出现的。A. befre在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. since自从；D. until直到。根据下文“The friend wrte that his teenage daughter had recently ________ a life-saving kidney dnatin frm a stranger, which enabled her t lead a nrmal life.”可知他捐肾的想法是在看到一个朋友的帖子后出现的，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位朋友写道，他十几岁的女儿最近接受了一位陌生人的肾脏捐赠，这挽救了她的生命，使她能够过上正常的生活。A. cntributed捐献；B. dnated捐赠；C. received接受；D. transplanted移植。根据下文“a life-saving kidney dnatin frm a stranger, which enabled her t lead a nrmal life.”可知是接受了肾脏捐赠，才能过上正常的生活，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家后，他开始在网上研究肾脏捐赠。A. dnating捐赠；B. researching研究；C. calculating计算；D. figuring认为。根据上文“His idea t be a kidney dnr first appeared”可知是有了想法后开始上网研究肾脏捐赠。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：了解到，全国肾脏移植名单上有大约9.7万人，许多病人在名单上待了很多年，因为没有足够的肾脏可用。A. crrect正确的；B. new新的；C. true真的；D. enugh足够的。根据上文“that many patients spent years n the list”可知是没有足够的可用肾脏，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他为这些病人感到难过，决定捐肾。A. invited邀请；B. persuaded劝说；C. determined决定；D. rdered命令。根据上文“He felt srry fr these patients”可知因为没有足够的肾脏可用，所以他为这些病人感到难过，于是决定捐肾，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊告诉他的妻子他想成为捐赠者的想法时，谢天谢地，她完全支持他的决定。A. thankfully感激地；B. generally通常地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. actually实际上。根据下文“she ttally supprted his decisin”可知她的妻子支持他捐肾，所以应是感激地，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊开始采取措施成为一个肾脏捐赠者，包括无数的测试和检查。A. cuntless无数的；B. hpeless没有希望的；C. harmless无害的；D. limitless无限的。根据上文“Wilsn began taking the steps t becme a kidney dnr”可知他开始采取措施使自己成为肾脏捐赠者，所以应该使包括多次的测试和检查，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：威尔逊的手术是一种更先进的微创手术，被称为单端口手术。A. calling称呼，现在分词；B. called称呼，过去分词；C. call称呼，动词原形；D. calls称呼，动词第三人称单数。分析可知，设空处作定语修饰invasive (微创) ne，和它之间使被动关系，应用过去分词，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他的肾就会与之匹配。A. dctr医生；B. hspital医院；C. match匹配；D. persn人。根据常识可知，是把肾脏取出来和病人进行匹配，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约两周后，他回到室内自行车上，开始在医生的指导下进行轻微而小心的训练。A. excitedly激动地；B. hardly几乎不；C. lightly轻柔地；D. heavily沉重地。根据上文可知他刚做完手术，所以应该是轻微地做训练，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为活体捐赠者，威尔逊说：“经历手术似乎很可怕，但只需要几个星期就能恢复。”A. Ging thrugh经历；B. Breaking thrugh突破；C. Lking thrugh浏览；D. Seeing thrugh识破。根据下文“but all it tk was several weeks fr recvery.”以及前文可知是经历手术，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说：“我想让人们知道的最重要的事情是，当有人捐献肾脏时，生活真的不会发生任何改变。”A. imprve提高；B. change改变；C. disappear消失；D. advance发展。根据文章开头“In rder t ________ that the peratin didn’t change his lifestyle,”可知是change的单词复现，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：“但地球是一个很大的地方，所以一个小的人，甚至是一个陌生人，对另一个人产生影响是很美妙的，一个人会为拯救别人而感到自豪和荣幸。”A. ther其他的；B. the ther两个中另一个；C. anther另一个，三者以上；D. thers两个中的另一个，复数形式。分析可知，这里指的是地球上的另一个人，所以应用三者以上的另一个，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对捐赠者本人来说也是一份伟大的礼物。A. challenge挑战；B. fight斗争；C. cmpetitin竞赛；D. gift礼物。根据上文““Wilsn said. “But the planet is a big place, s it is wnderful fr a small individual (个体), even a stranger t make an impact n ________ persn, and ne will feel prud and hnred t save thers.””所以对于捐赠者来说感到自豪和荣幸，因此也应该算是一份伟大的礼物。故选D。
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first C919 large passenger aircraft was delivered t its first custmer, China Eastern Airlines, n December 9th. It is ___38___ first time fr China’s civil aviatin transprt market ___39___ (have) an indigenusly-develped (本土开发的) mainline jetliner. “The wrld’s first C919” is printed n the jet’s bdy. Its registratin number is B-919A. “B” means it is a Chinese jet; “919” ___40___ (match) the mdel; “A” represents it being the first f its kind in the wrld. At Shanghai Pudng ___41___ (Internatin) Airprt, C919’s manufacturer Cmmercial Aircraft Crp f China, delivered the aircraft sales certificate and the cmmemrative key ___42___ China Eastern. The Civil Aviatin Administratin f China issued the airwrthiness certificate t the airline. ___43___ tk a shrt flight frm Pudng Airprt t Hngqia Airprt, bth in Shanghai, t mark the histric mment. The 164-seater aircraft has a tw-class cabin layut ___44___ cnsists f business class ___45___ ecnmy class. After delivery, it will underg mre than 100 hurs f empty aircraft verificatin test flights, with ___46___(stp) including Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhu. The aircraft ____47____ (expect) t be put int cmmercial use in the spring f 2023.
【答案】38. the 39. t have 40. matches 41. Internatinal 42. t 43. It 44. that##which 45. and 46. stps 47. is expected
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了首架C919大型客机于12月9日交付给其第一个客户中国东方航空公司。同时该飞机预计将于2023年春季投入商业使用。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是中国民航运输市场首次拥有自主研发的干线客机。分析句子，设空处置于first之前，故使用定冠词the。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中it is the first time fr sb t d sth为固定句式，该结构中不定式结构为真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填t have。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：“B”表示这是一架中国飞机；“919”型号匹配；“A”代表它是世界上第一个。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语为“919”其为第三人称单数。match意为“匹配”。故填matches。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在上海浦东国际机场，C919的制造商中国商用飞机有限责任公司向中国东方航空公司交付了飞机销售证书和纪念钥匙。分析句子，设空处应该使用Internatin的形容词internatinal作定语，修饰名词。其为专有名词，故首字母大写。故填Internatinal。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。句中deliver …t…为固定短语，意为“交付，转交”。故填t。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：C919飞机从浦东机场到虹桥机场的短途飞行，都在上海，以纪念这一历史性时刻。分析句子，设空处使用代词作主语，此处指代前文的C919飞机，故用it。同时该空置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填It。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这架飞机有164个座位，设有商务舱和经济舱。分析句子，设空处引导限定性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a tw-class cabin layut，其为物，故用that或者which。故填that或which。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中business class 和ecnmy class构成并列结构，应该用连词and。故填and。
【46题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：交付后，它将进行100多个小时的空机验证试飞，停留地点包括上海、北京和广州。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，stp为可数名词，意为“站点”，此处表示复数意义。故填stps。
【47题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：该飞机预计将于2023年春季投入商业使用。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中be expected t d为固定短语，意为“预计”，句子主语为单数，故be动词用is。故填is expected。
四、书信写作
48. 假定你是李华，上周你和班级同学参加了一次野外生存训练（wildness survival prgram），请你给你的英国网友Jhnsn写一封电子邮件描述这次活动并谈谈自己的感受，内容包括：
1. 活动的时间和人员；
2. 活动过程；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jhnsn,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jhnsn,
My classmates and I tk part in a wildness survival prgram frm Thursday t Saturday last week. I can’t wait t share sme relevant details with yu.
Befre we started, we were equipped with a cmpass, a map, a first aid kit, tents, flashlights, sme fd, sme clthes and s n. In the wild, we climbed three hills and swam acrss tw rivers. But then we lst ur way in the frest. Luckily, we fund the right directin with the help f the cmpass. As sn as we arrived at the campsite, we put up ut tents, made a fire and then started cking. We als learned hw t give first aid.
Thrugh the prgram, we learned t use knwledge gained in class t slve prblems. It was quite an unfrgettable experience fr me.
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
49. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Emily Harper sat at her desk, staring blankly at the math prblems in frnt f her. Numbers and variables danced cnfusingly acrss the page, laughing at her every effrt. At schl, Emily was knwn fr her artistic talents, but math had always been her weakness. N matter hw hard she tried, she just culdn’t make sense f it.
Her struggles nly wrsened in the 10th grade. The pressure t keep up with her classmates grew, and the pr grades shk her cnfidence. Her parents decided t step in. “We need t find yu sme help.” her mther gently suggested ne evening.
Then came Mr. Jenkins, a retired lcal teacher knwn fr his unique teaching style. Emily was initially resistant; the idea f spending extra hurs n a subject she hated seemed like a punishment. But she unwillingly agreed, knwing smething had t change.
Their first sessin was tense. Mr. Jenkins, sensing her frustratin, didn’t dive straight int prblems. Instead, he asked abut her interests. When Emily spke passinately abut her painting, he smiled. “Math is like art, Emily. It has patterns and beauty if yu knw where t lk.”
Dubtful but inspired, Emily listened as he began t explain cncepts thrugh visual examples. He used clrs and shapes, turning abstract numbers int smething almst tangible (有形的). Fr the first time, math seemed less like a freign language and mre like a puzzle waiting t be slved.
Hwever, prgress was slw. Weeks passed with minimal imprvement, and Emily’s patience wre thin. A particularly difficult quiz left her in tears, cnvinced she was sure t fail. Mr. Jenkins said. “Remember, Emily, every artist starts with a blank canvas, Masterpieces aren’t created vernight.”
Encuraged by his firm belief, Emily pushed n. She began t see the cnnectins between the steps, hw each there, celebrating her successes, n matter hw minr.
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gradually, Emily’s cnfidence grew with Mr. Jenkins’ help.
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Emily’s heart raced when the results day arrived.
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【答案】
Gradually, Emily’s cnfidence grew with Mr. Jenkins’ help. She started t apprach math prblems with newfund enthusiasm. Instead f dreading them, she wuld actively seek slutins, applying the techniques Mr. Jenkins had taught her. She n lnger saw math as an insurmuntable bstacle but as an exciting challenge. In class, she began t vlunteer answers, much t the surprise f her teachers and classmates. Her after-schl study sessins became a time f explratin rather than frustratin. She wuld spend hurs practicing, ften lsing track f time as she delved deeper int the wrld f numbers.
Emily’s heart raced when the results day arrived. She had wrked s hard, and the thught f seeing if it had paid ff filled her with bth excitement and anxiety. As she pened the envelpe cntaining her math test results, her eyes widened. A brad smile spread acrss her face. She had passed with flying clrs! She culdn't wait t tell Mr. Jenkins. His unwavering belief in her and his unique teaching methds had finally brne fruit. This achievement was nt just a victry in math but a testament t her wn perseverance and the pwer f a great teacher.