广东省深圳市盐田高级中学高二下学期5月联考英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份广东省深圳市盐田高级中学高二下学期5月联考英语试题（解析版）-A4，共20页。试卷主要包含了答题前，先将自己的姓名，选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Kangar Island is a paradise getaway perfect t refresh yurselves. With plenty f diverse animals and breathtaking views t take in, Kangar Island has it all beynd kangars!
Wildlife n Kangar Island
Yu can visit ne f the wildlife parks t get up clse and persnal with the lcal wildlife. Seal Bay is ne f the mst ppular places t visit. The sand beach f it is a ppular hangut fr seal bservatin. Wander alng the beach and see these beautiful beings. Dn’t get t clse thugh as they are wild animals after all, and n ne wants t get hurt. Yu can take phts as they swim in the sea, lie n the warm sand and rcks, r nurse their cute babies.
If that desn’t satisfy yur animal passins, g t the Flinders Chase Natinal Park. This prtected area is filled with native plants and animals. Keep an eye ut fr the rare platypus (鸭嘴兽) which can be seen playing just under the surface f waterways in the park.
Tp Attractins arund Kangar Island
N trip t Kangar Island is cmplete withut a visit t its mst famus attractins. Instead f turist attractins, it remains rural and underdevelped, prmising a pure natural experience where yu can see farmhuses, lcal markets and endless cuntryside scenery.
Visit the tw impressive lighthuses sitting alng the cast in Flinders Chase Natinal Park. This castline has a large quantity f natural wnders that are unfrgettable. Within the natinal park lies the Admirals Arch. Yu will be blwn away by the magnificent natural arch frmed by weather and sea rugh waves. The island’s mst impressive natural landmark, the spt is nt nly great fr sme unique frmatins but hme t a seal settlement amng the beach rcks.
1. What shuld be avided when yu bserve seals?
A. Tuching them.B. Taking pictures f them.
C. Sitting n the cast.D. Walking by the beach.
2. Why is Kangar Island viewed as a pure nature destinatin?
A. It is well develped.B. It is under prtectin.
C. It cntinues t be pr.D. It remains untuched.
3. Where can yu find natural wnders?
A. The sand beach f Seal Bay.
B. The turist resrts f the island.
C. The cast in Flinders Chase Natinal Park.
D. The waterways in Flinders Chase Natinal Park.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚的袋鼠岛，说明了岛上丰富的动物资源和令人叹为观止的景色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The sand beach f it is a ppular hangut fr seal bservatin. Wander alng the beach and see these beautiful beings. Dn’t get t clse thugh as they are wild animals after all, and n ne wants t get hurt.(这里的沙滩是观察海豹的好去处。沿着海滩漫步，看看这些美丽的生物。不过不要得太近，因为它们毕竟是野生动物，没有人想受伤。)”可知，观察海豹时应避免触摸它们。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Instead f turist attractins, it remains rural and underdevelped, prmising a pure natural experience where yu can see farmhuses, lcal markets and endless cuntryside scenery.(它不是旅游景点，这儿仍然是农村和不发达的，承诺提供一个纯粹的自然体验，在这里你可以看到农舍，当地市场和无尽的乡村风景。)”可知，袋鼠岛被视为一个纯粹的自然目的地的原因是袋鼠岛仍然保持原生态的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Visit the tw impressive lighthuses sitting alng the cast in Flinders Chase Natinal Park. This castline has a large quantity f natural wnders that are unfrgettable.(参观弗林德斯蔡斯国家公园沿岸两座令人印象深刻的灯塔。这条海岸线上有许多令人难忘的自然奇观。)”可知，在弗林德斯蔡斯国家公园的海岸，可以看到许多令人难忘的自然景观。故选C项。
B
While I was a medical student, the adaptability I learned frm my parents when I was a by was tested by the chas f a series f events in Lebann. Many peple, including my parents, lst their life savings due t ecnmic crises. Despite all that, I remained fcused and cmpleted my degree.
Finally, it was my turn t leave hme in search f a brighter future. I arrived in Utah as a pstdctral fellw, hping t gain research experience t back my applicatin t US medical residency prgrams. Hwever, research prved far mre challenging than I expected. In medicine, I was trained t diagnse (诊断) and treat patients, with clear and ften immediate utcmes. The lab was a different wrld — experiments tk time t set up, data had t be carefully analyzed, and results ften didn’t cme ut as expected. One set f experiments failed entirely at first — then tk mnths f cntrlling ne variable after anther t get running. And I faced new challenges, including leading prjects and guiding students. All these helped me a lt in many aspects, especially in my determinatin n the research path.
Yet sme peple arund me prvided vital supprt. A pstdc taught me the imprtance f nte taking, technicians helped me design experiments, and my advisers expressed faith in my ability t cmplete prjects. Sharing meals and laughter with clleagues as we explred Salt Lake City created a sense f belnging that enriched bth my wrk and life. And my memries f Lebann and the adaptability f its peple strengthened my reslve.
Initially, I viewed my pstdctral psitin as a steppingstne t my medical career. But nw, 2 years int it, I am seriusly cnsidering becming a physician-scientist. This transitin (过渡) will bridge my past and future, enabling me t stay grunded in the values that shaped me while accepting the ptential and cmplexities f research. I dn’t knw whether r when I’ll return t Lebann, but the lessns I learned there will be with me fr life.
4. What is the functin f paragraph 1?
A. T inspire deeper thinking.B. T present an argument.
C. T make a cmparisn.D. T tell the backgrund.
5. What can we learn frm the authr’s pstdctral career?
A. Barriers culd be avided.B. Challenges fueled grwth.
C. Clinical wrk was relaxing.D. Diagnsis was stress-free.
6. Hw did the authr becme mre adaptable?
A. By building scial bnds and recalling.
B. By using self-directed learning methd.
C. By reflecting upn his past and present.
D. By reading tuching stries f Lebann.
7. What is the best title f the text?
A. Ecnmic Crisis and Career Chices
B. Lab Challenges and Clinical Practice
C. Medical Research Is Harder than Clinical Wrk
D. Adaptability and Supprt Help Reshape Life Path
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在黎巴嫩经济危机中培养适应能力，博士后阶段遇挑战获支持，重新思考职业规划，从而通过感悟适应力与支持重塑人生。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“While I was a medical student, the adaptability I learned frm my parents when I was a by was tested by the chas f a series f events in Lebann. Many peple, including my parents, lst their life savings due t ecnmic crises. (当我还是一名医学生时，我小时候从父母那里学到的适应能力，在黎巴嫩一系列混乱事件中受到了考验。包括我父母在内的许多人，因经济危机失去了毕生积蓄。)”可知，第一段介绍了作者的家庭背景、成长环境及后来面临的困境，为后文讲述其职业发展做铺垫。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The lab was a different wrld — experiments tk time t set up, data had t be carefully analyzed, and results ften didn’t cme ut as expected. One set f experiments failed entirely at first — then tk mnths f cntrlling ne variable after anther t get running. And I faced new challenges, including leading prjects and guiding students. All these helped me a lt in many aspects, especially in my determinatin n the research path. (实验室是一个不同的世界 —— 实验需要时间设置，数据必须仔细分析，结果往往不如预期。一组实验起初完全失败，后来花了几个月时间逐一控制变量才得以进行。我还面临新的挑战，包括领导项目和指导学生。所有这些在许多方面对我帮助很大，尤其是在我对研究道路的决心上。)”可知，作者在博士后阶段遇到的挑战（如实验失败、领导项目等）促使他成长，增强了他在研究领域的决心。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A pstdc taught me the imprtance f nte taking, technicians helped me design experiments, and my advisers expressed faith in my ability t cmplete prjects. Sharing meals and laughter with clleagues as we explred Salt Lake City created a sense f belnging that enriched bth my wrk and life. And my memries f Lebann and the adaptability f its peple strengthened my reslve. (一位博士后教我记笔记的重要性，技术人员帮助我设计实验，我的导师们对我完成项目的能力表示信任。与同事们在探索盐湖城时共享美食、欢笑，创造了一种归属感，丰富了我的工作和生活。我对黎巴嫩的回忆以及那里人民的适应能力，也增强了我的决心。)”可知，作者通过建立社交联系（同事的支持）和回忆黎巴嫩的经历（家庭与成长背景的影响）提升了适应能力。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕作者的成长经历展开，第一段强调从父母那里学到的adaptability (适应能力)，第三段提到周围人的supprt (支持)，最后一段指出这些因素促使他重新思考职业道路，考虑成为physician-scientist (医生兼科学家)。全文核心在于“适应能力”和“他人支持”如何重塑人生轨迹。所以D选项Adaptability and Supprt Help Reshape Life Path (适应能力与支持帮助重塑人生道路)精准概括了文章主旨。故选D项。
C
If we think abut hw ur life in the future will be, keeping in mind the advancement in science, we will be amazed but als there is a majr matter f cncern, because with the amunt f resurce explitatin and pllutin it is unavidable that the after-effects are wrse in the cming years. Fr tday’s discussin, let’s fast frward ur life t let us say fifty years frm nw and analyze hw ur life will be in ur future.
Let us first discuss the psitive sides f the future in every field. Fd which has always been ur surce f energy has als undergne many imprvements and new inventins, frm hybrids (杂交植物) t grwing plants in LED lights. We may get adapted t genetically imprved plants as a slutin t feed peple due t the increasing ppulatin.
Speaking abut the future f wrk, it will n mre be humans sitting in frnt f machines fr hurs and hurs t earn a living. But instead, autmatin will be leading the shw wiping ut the need fr human effrt. Nt just in the industry wrld, autmatin, and mst likely advanced rbts autmatin and rbts with advanced technlgy will be installed fr better and faster perfrmance. The majr advantage f an increase in technlgy will be t the health department. It has helped t increase the birth rate.
Technlgy in the future will be way superir t that f tday, even better than ther fields like fd, health, cnnectins, and wrk. We’re ging int a future where imprved battery innvatin will prbably empwer better electric vehicles, individual flying machines and ther applicatins.
With this, we can say that with advancements made by man, there will be ppulatin grwth, increasing pllutin, and fewer resurces available fr everyne t accmmdate (容纳). I wuld like t add the final pints that, the future is unpredictable, while this may r may nt, but it is always gd t prepare urselves fr things t cme ahead in time.
8. Which des the authr agree with abut the future life?
A. There is a mixture f gd and bad.
B. We will have a very bad future then.
C. All the negative sides will disappear.
D. N actual imprvement will be made.
9. Why shuld we adapt t genetically imprved plants in the future?
A. T make ur fd taste gd.B. T make rm fr departments.
C. T spare mre land fr industry.D. T feed the rapidly-grwing peple.
10. What des the underlined part “leading the shw” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Setting a new trend.B. Playing a vital rle.
C. Taking a shrt cut.D. Making a gd impressin.
11. What is the authr’s pinin f the future?
A. It is dminated by autmatin.B. Our initiatives fr it are necessary.
C. It is certain t be full f prblems.D. Technlgy will slve mst prblems.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过列举未来科技在食品、工作、健康等领域的潜在影响，客观分析其利弊（如资源压力与技术进步），并最终提出建议。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“If we think abut hw ur life in the future will be, keeping in mind the advancement in science, we will be amazed but als there is a majr matter f cncern, because with the amunt f resurce explitatin and pllutin it is unavidable that the after-effects are wrse in the cming years.(如果我们考虑我们未来的生活将如何，记住科学的进步，我们会感到惊讶，但也有一个主要的问题值得关注，因为随着资源开发和污染的数量，不可避免的是，未来几年的后果会更糟。)”和最后一段中“With this, we can say that with advancements made by man, there will be ppulatin grwth, increasing pllutin, and fewer resurces available fr everyne t accmmdate (容纳).(据此，我们可以说，随着人类的进步，人口将会增长，污染将会加剧，可供每个人居住的资源将会减少。)”可知，文章既提到科技进步带来的积极影响（如食品改良、自动化、医疗进步），也提到资源枯竭、污染等负面问题。因此未来是利弊并存的。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We may get adapted t genetically imprved plants as a slutin t feed peple due t the increasing ppulatin.(由于人口不断增加，我们可能会适应转基因植物作为养活人口的解决方案。)”可知，我们适应基因改良农作物是为了满足日益增长的人口的需求。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句后文“wiping ut the need fr human effrt. Nt just in the industry wrld, autmatin, and mst likely advanced rbts autmatin and rbts with advanced technlgy will be installed fr better and faster perfrmance.(消除对人力劳动的需求。不仅在工业领域，自动化和最有可能的先进机器人自动化和具有先进技术的机器人将被安装，以获得更好更快的性能。)”说明自动化将在工业生产中发挥重要作用，从而消除对人力劳动的需求，从而推知划线短语应为“发挥重要作用”的意思，与B项同义。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I wuld like t add the final pints that, the future is unpredictable, while this may r may nt, but it is always gd t prepare urselves fr things t cme ahead in time.(我想补充最后一点，未来是不可预测的，虽然这可能发生也可能不发生，但为事情的到来做好准备总是好的。)”可知，作者认为对于未来我们的主动性是必要的。故选B项。
D
Research has shwn that physical appearance has a big impact n a persn’s mental health, scial interactins and pprtunities in life. Attractive peple ften benefit frm scial biases (偏见), while thse seen as less attractive may face challenges like lwer cnfidence, scial exclusin and fewer pprtunities.
A study dne in 2022 shwed hw sciety’s views n appearance influence interactins. Participants were shwn phts f peple with different lks and asked t rate their intelligence, likability and trustwrthiness. The results were clear: peple cnsidered mre attractive received higher ratings in all categries. Furthermre, attractive peple were mre likely t be described as cnfident and capable, while less attractive individuals were ften marginalized r assciated with negative steretypes (刻板印象). This bias was especially nticeable in grup settings, where attractive peple were mre likely t be included and listened t during discussins.
The emtinal impact f this bias is als significant. Attractive peple ften have higher self-respect because they get mre praises and psitive feedback. Hwever, this advantage cmes with pressure, as attractive individuals may feel stressed abut maintaining their appearance, leading t anxiety as they age. On the ther hand, less attractive peple ften struggle with feelings f lw self-wrth, which cntribute t depressin and anxiety.
The wrkplace is als affected by these biases. Research shws that attractive peple are mre likely t be hired, prmted and earn higher salaries. Emplyers ften naturally link attractiveness t ability, cnfidence and leadership qualities. This creates a disadvantage fr peple wh dn’t meet traditinal beauty standards, frcing them t wrk harder t gain recgnitin.
T address these biases, researchers emphasize the imprtance f prmting inclusivity and challenging cnventinal scial cncepts. By encuraging self-acceptance and appreciating different kinds f beauty, sciety can create a fairer envirnment that values individuals fr their character and abilities, nt just their appearance.
12. What des the underlined wrd “marginalized” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Blamed.B. Disvauled.C. Included.D. Abused.
13. What impacts can appearance bias have n peple?
A. Emplyers value lks ver abilities.
B. Attractive peple have better mental health.
C. Less attractive peple are less likely t succeed.
D. Bth attractive and less attractive face emtinal challenges.
14. Hw can sciety create a fairer envirnment?
A. By verlking uter beauty.
B. By meeting scial expectatins.
C. By advcating enjying diverse beauty.
D. By applying universal beauty standards.
15. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T call fr a fairer and mre inclusive sciety.
B. T explain hw appearance impacts individual life.
C. T address the psychlgical effects f appearance.
D. T argue that nly attractive peple can succeed in life.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了外貌对个人心理健康、社会互动和生活机会的影响，以及外貌偏见带来的情感挑战和职场影响，最后提出了通过促进包容性和挑战传统社会观念来创造更公平环境的建议。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“peple cnsidered mre attractive received higher ratings in all categries. Furthermre, attractive peple were mre likely t be described as cnfident and capable, while less attractive individuals were ften … r assciated with negative steretypes (刻板印象).(被认为更有吸引力的人在所有类别中都获得了更高的评价。此外，有吸引力的人更可能被描述为自信且有能力，而不那么有吸引力的人则经常被……或与负面刻板印象联系在一起)”可知，有吸引力的人在各项评价中得分更高，而缺乏吸引力的人常与负面刻板印象相关联。通过“while”形成对比逻辑，可推断“marginalized”应与前文“被重视”含义相反，所以划线词的含义为“被轻视、贬低”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The emtinal impact f this bias is als significant. Attractive peple ften have higher self-respect because they get mre praises and psitive feedback. Hwever, this advantage cmes with pressure, as attractive individuals may feel stressed abut maintaining their appearance, leading t anxiety as they age. On the ther hand, less attractive peple ften struggle with feelings f lw self-wrth, which cntribute t depressin and anxiety.(这种偏见的情感影响也很显著。有魅力的人通常自尊心更强，因为他们会得到更多的赞扬和积极的反馈。然而，这种优势也伴随着压力，因为有魅力的人可能会因为要保持自己的外表而感到压力，随着年龄的增长，这会导致焦虑。另一方面，不太有魅力的人常常与低自尊感作斗争，这会导致抑郁和焦虑。)”可知，有魅力和不太有魅力的人都面临情感挑战。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“T address these biases, researchers emphasize the imprtance f prmting inclusivity and challenging cnventinal scial cncepts. By encuraging self-acceptance and appreciating different kinds f beauty, sciety can create a fairer envirnment that values individuals fr their character and abilities, nt just their appearance.(为了解决这些偏见，研究人员强调了促进包容性和挑战传统社会观念的重要性。通过鼓励自我接纳和欣赏不同类型的美丽，社会可以创造一个更公平的环境，让人们因为自己的性格和能力而受到重视，而不仅仅是外表。)”，由此可知，社会可以通过倡导欣赏多样的美来创造一个更公平的环境。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要探讨了外貌对个人心理健康、社会互动和生活机会的影响，以及外貌偏见带来的情感挑战和职场影响，最后提出了通过促进包容性和挑战传统社会观念来创造更公平环境的建议，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁建立一个更公平、更包容的社会。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we feel threatened r stressed, ur brain prduces chemicals which raise energy and sharpen fcus, helping us react quickly t danger. ____16____ Fr example, the pressure f an upcming perfrmance might mtivate yu t practice harder. Studies als shw that mild stress can imprve memry by activating parts f the brain invlved in learning.
____17____ Nrmally when we experience a stressful event, stress hrmnes (激素) are released fr abut 15 t 30 minutes. But if we face multiple r persistent stress day after day, we will suffer frm prblems like sleeplessness, brain fg, digestive issues, and even heart disease.
S hw much stress is t much stress? ____18____ Different factrs like yur genetics, envirnment, and even yur age, can influence the way yur bdy respnds. But n matter what yur situatin is, there are tls that can make dealing with stress a bit easier.
Physical activity is a pwerful stress reducer. Exercise creates new brain cells, making it easier t recver. A run thrugh the park r a basketball game with friends can be a great distractin (分心事) frm whatever is stressing yu ut. ____19____ Interacting with friends r family can lwer stress hrmne levels. Simple mindfulness practices, like deep breathing r jurnaling, build awareness f ur emtins and keep us fcused n the present.
While we can't avid life's challenges, understanding ur stress respnse and using these tls can help us face them mre calmly and effectively. By managing stress wisely, we can turn it frm an enemy int a friend. ____20____
A Scial cnnectin als helps.
B Small amunts f stress can even be helpful.
C. It may help us grw strnger and live healthier.
D. Hwever, prblems arise when stress becmes cnstant.
E. Tday, thugh, we initiate this respnse in many situatins.
F. Dctrs recmmend regular check-ups t mnitr stress levels.
G. It's difficult t say, as nt everyne experiences stress in the same way.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了压力对人的影响，适度的压力有益，而持续的压力会带来问题，同时还介绍了应对压力的方法，以及合理管理压力能带来的好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“When we feel threatened r stressed, ur brain prduces chemicals which raise energy and sharpen fcus, helping us react quickly t danger.(当我们感到受到威胁或有压力时，我们的大脑会产生化学物质，这些物质会提高能量并增强注意力，帮助我们快速对危险做出反应)”以及下文“Fr example, the pressure f an upcming perfrmance might mtivate yu t practice harder. Studies als shw that mild stress can imprve memry by activating parts f the brain invlved in learning.(例如，即将到来的表演的压力可能会激励你更努力地练习。研究还表明，轻微的压力可以通过激活大脑中参与学习的部分来提高记忆力)”可知，此处在说少量压力是有帮助的，与B项“Small amunts f stress can even be helpful.(少量的压力甚至可能是有益的)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Nrmally when we experience a stressful event, stress hrmnes (激素) are released fr abut 15 t 30 minutes. But if we face multiple r persistent stress day after day, we will suffer frm prblems like sleeplessness, brain fg, digestive issues, and even heart disease.(通常，当我们经历一个压力事件时，压力激素会释放大约15到30分钟。但如果我们日复一日地面临多重或持续的压力，我们将遭受失眠、脑雾、消化问题，甚至心脏病等问题)”可知，此处在说当压力持续时就会出现问题，与D项“Hwever, prblems arise when stress becmes cnstant.(然而，当压力持续时，问题就会出现)”表达的意思一致，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“S hw much stress is t much stress? (那么，多少压力算压力过大呢？)”可知上文提出了“多少压力算压力过大”这么一个问题，再根据下文“Different factrs like yur genetics, envirnment, and even yur age, can influence the way yur bdy respnds.(不同的因素，如你的基因、环境，甚至你的年龄，都会影响你的身体反应方式)”可知，下文说的是因为每个人情况不同，所以每个人的身体反应不同，可推理出空白处说的是因人而异导致很难说多少压力算过大，与G项“It's difficult t say, as nt everyne experiences stress in the same way.(很难说，因为不是每个人经历压力的方式都一样)”表达的意思一致，故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Physical activity is a pwerful stress reducer. Exercise creates new brain cells, making it easier t recver. A run thrugh the park r a basketball game with friends can be a great distractin (分心事) frm whatever is stressing yu ut.(体育活动是一种强大的减压方式。锻炼会产生新的脑细胞，使恢复更容易。在公园跑步或和朋友打篮球可以很好地分散你对任何让你感到压力的事情的注意力)”可知上文说的是体育活动能减压，再根据下文“Interacting with friends r family can lwer stress hrmne levels.(与朋友或家人互动可以降低压力激素水平)”可知，下文说的是与朋友或家人互动可以降低压力激素水平，可知此处说的是有助于减压的方式，A项“Scial cnnectin als helps.(社交联系也有帮助)”中提到了“社交联系”，这也是一种有助于减压的方式，符合语境，故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“By managing stress wisely, we can turn it frm an enemy int a friend. (通过明智地管理压力，我们可以把它从敌人变成朋友)”可知，上文说的是要明智地管理压力，化敌为友，可推理出此处在说合理管理压力能带来的好处，与C项“It may help us grw strnger and live healthier.(它可能帮助我们变得更强壮，生活得更健康)”表达的意思一致，进一步说明了好处，故选C项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used t talk myself ut f almst anything. “I’ll wrk ut tmrrw” r “It’s just nt a gd time” — I had a mental library f these little ____21____ that kept me frm actually ding what I wanted. Each felt justified in the mment, but deep dwn, I knew they wuld ____22____ me back.
The turning pint came when I ____23____ that these small things were creating an invisible chain that I culdn’t break. I fund myself ____24____, since the weight f my unfulfilled intentins was heavy. I knew smething had t ____25____.
I started making deals with myself t just d ____26____. Fr example, I’d say, when ding ____27____, “Yu nly have t fld five shirts” r “Just wash the dishes fr five minutes”. ____28____, it sunded funnily small, but nce I cntinued, five minutes wuld ften turn int fifteen r even mre. This apprach made the tasks feel less ____29____.
Then, I learned hw t gently call myself ut. When I’d start saying “I’ll d it tmrrw”, I’d ____30____, “It’s just an excuse.” This change in ____31____ was remarkable. I started t see the pwer f taking even the ____32____ actin.
Yes, I still have lazy days, but nw I knw each small ____33____ against excuses is building my cnfidence and ____34____ my determinatin t change. I’m learning that prgress isn’t abut ____35____; it’s abut taking actin.
21. A. prblemsB. mistakesC. excusesD. hbbies
22. A. hldB. pushC. pullD. pay
23. A. rememberedB. realizedC. prvedD. replied
24. A. ambitiusB. relaxedC. curiusD. depressed
25. A. leaveB. existC. ccurD. change
26. A. enughB. a tiny bitC. nthingD. a great deal
27. A. hmewrkB. sprtsC. husewrkD. exercises
28. A. OccasinallyB. InitiallyC. FinallyD. Frequently
29. A. satisfyingB. demandingC. disappintingD. exciting
30. A. prefer tB. agree withC. respnd withD. react t
31. A. emtinB. attentinC. beliefD. attitude
32. A. bravestB. smallestC. fastestD. riskiest
33. A. campaignB. failureC. delightD. victry
34. A. reducingB. lsingC. enhancingD. hiding
35. A. perfectinB. imaginatinC. speedD. luck
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者曾用借口逃避行动，后意识到问题，通过微小行动和改变态度对抗拖延，明白进步在于行动而非完美。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里有一堆这样的小借口，让我无法真正去做想做的事。A. prblems问题；B. mistakes错误；C. excuses借口；D. hbbies爱好。根据上文“I’ll wrk ut tmrrw”等拖延的话可知，这些都是自我说服的借口，此空与下文“it’s just an excuse”呼应。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在内心深处，我知道它们会阻碍我。A. hld抓住；B. push推动；C. pull拉；D. pay支付。根据下文“me back”以及语境可知，这里考查hld sb. back“阻碍某人”，符合借口对行动的负面影响。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：转折点出现在我意识到这些小事正在形成一条我无法打破的无形锁链时。A. remembered记得；B. realized意识到；C. prved证明；D. replied回复。根据上文“turning pint”以及语境可知，这里指作者开始意识到借口的危害，从而引发改变。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己很沮丧，因为未实现的愿望带来的压力很大。A. ambitius有野心的；B. relaxed放松的；C. curius好奇的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据下文“since the weight f my unfulfilled intentins was heavy”以及语境可知，未实现的愿望会带来的压力，从而导致情绪低落，depressed符合语境。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道有些事情必须改变。A. leave离开；B. exist存在；C. ccur发生；D. change改变。根据上文“I fund myself 4 , since the weight f my unfulfilled intentins was heavy.”可知，上文提到现状令人沮丧，故此处表示必须改变。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查代词和短语辨析。句意：我开始和自己约定，只做一点点。A. enugh足够；B. a tiny bit一点点；C. nthing没有；D. a great deal大量。根据下文“fld five shirts”和“five minutes”可知，作者采取微小行动策略，a tiny bit符合文意。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，当做家务时，我说 “你只需要叠五件衬衫”或“只需洗碗五分钟”。A. hmewrk作业；B. sprts运动；C. husewrk家务；D. exercises锻炼。根据下文“fld shirts”和“wash dishes”可知，这些均属于家务范畴，husewrk符合语境。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，这听起来小得可笑，但一旦我继续下去，五分钟往往会变成十五分钟甚至更久。A. Occasinally偶尔；B. Initially起初；C. Finally最终；D. Frequently频繁地。根据下文“but nce I cntinued”以及语境可知，这里与“nce I cntinued”形成时间对比，initially表示最初的感受，符合语境。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种方法让任务感觉不那么难以应付。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. demanding苛求的；C. disappinting令人失望的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“This apprach made the tasks feel less”以及语境可知，通过分解任务，原本艰巨的任务变得容易，demanding与less搭配表示“不再难以应对”，符合语境。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我开始说“我明天再做”时，我会回应：“这只是个借口。”A. prefer t更喜欢；B. agree with同意；C. respnd with回应；D. react t反应。根据下文“It’s just an excuse”以及语境可知，此处指内心对借口的反驳，respnd with符合“自我对话”的语境。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种态度的转变是非凡的。A. emtin情绪；B. attentin注意力；C. belief信念；D. attitude态度。根据上文“ I’d 10 , ‘It’s just an excuse.’”以及语境可知，从“找借口”到“反驳借口”是态度的转变，attitude符合文意。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始看到即使是最小的行动的力量。A. bravest最勇敢的；B. smallest最小的；C. fastest最快的；D. riskiest最危险的。根据上文“a tiny bit”和“five minutes”可知，这里与上文呼应，强调微小行动的价值，smallest符合主题。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在我知道，每一次对抗借口的小胜利都在建立我的信心，增强我改变的决心。A. campaign运动；B. failure失败；C. delight快乐；D. victry胜利。根据下文“building my cnfidence and 14 my determinatin t change”以及语境可知，这里讲与借口对抗的胜利所带来的益处。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次对抗借口的小胜利都在建立我的信心，增强我改变的决心。A. reducing减少；B. lsing失去；C. enhancing增强；D. hiding隐藏。根据下文“my determinatin t change”以及语境可知，这里表示对抗借口的成功增强作者改变的决心，enhancing符合逻辑。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白进步不在于完美，而在于采取行动。A. perfectin完美；B. imaginatin想象；C. speed速度；D. luck运气。根据下文“it’s abut taking actin”以及语境可知，这里与“taking actin”对比，作者强调无需追求完美，行动本身即进步，perfectin符合语境。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Andrea Carter was abut 10 years ld when she realized she wanted t devte her life t grwing fd. Grwing up in Bethesda, Maryland with a few nearby farms, Carter spent many hurs ____36____ (get) her hands dirty in a neighbr’s fields. “There wasn’t much t d except t weed tmates and pull kale,” she tld Yur Ht Jb. “Lking back, it was ____37____ gift t be expsed t the utdrs, t farming, t where fd cmes frm.”
Tday, Carter is an agrnmist, a scientist ____38____ studies hw plants grw. Agrnmists, als knwn as crp scientists, use that knwledge t help farmers prduce much ____39____ (gd) crps in lager quantities. Because there are many ____40____ (factr) invlved in plant grwth, agrnmists usually have a specific fcus. Fr example, sme ____41____ (special) in sil management, which invlves keeping the sil healthy enugh t grw plants. Others becme experts n cntrlling weeds r prtecting crps ____42____ insects and diseases.
Carter fcuses n desert plants, a chice ____43____ (influence) by her childhd: Carter’s mm is frm Nrth Africa, and the family spent time in Tunisia, a cuntry with vast stretches f desert. That led Carter ____44____ (pursue) a PhD in plant science at the University f Arizna, in Tucsn. The city is in the Snran Desert, where plants survive with minimal rain. “I came ut t Arizna t learn abut hw peple _____45_____ (farm) in this dry landscape fr thusands f years,” Carter says.
【答案】36. getting
37. a 38. wh##that
39. better 40. factrs
41. specialize
42. frm##against
43. influenced
44. t pursue
45. have farmed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了农学家Andrea Carter的经历，包括她从小对种植食物的兴趣，以及如今作为农学家的研究方向和相关背景等内容。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：卡特在马里兰州贝塞斯达长大，附近有几个农场，她花了很多时间在邻居的田里干活，把手弄得脏兮兮的。spend time (in) ding sth.是固定用法，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以此处要用动名词形式。故填getting。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：回首往事，能接触到户外、农业以及食物的来源，这是一份礼物。gift是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一份礼物”，且gift的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如今，卡特是一名农学家，是一位研究植物如何生长的科学家。分析句子结构可知， 3 studies hw plants grw是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a scientist，关系代词在从句中作主语，指人，所以可以用关系代词wh或that。故填wh/that。
【39题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：农学家，也被称为作物科学家，利用这些知识帮助农民以更大的产量生产出更好的作物。根据句意和空格前的副词much(修饰比较级)可知，空格处应该用形容词gd的比较级better作定语，修饰下文的名词crps。故填better。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：因为植物生长涉及到很多因素，农学家通常有一个特定的研究重点。many表示“许多”，后面要接可数名词复数，factr是可数名词，所以要用复数形式factrs。故填factrs。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：例如，一些人专门研究土壤管理，这包括保持土壤足够健康以种植植物。空格处是句子的谓语动词，应该用动词specialize，specialize in是固定短语，表示“专门从事，擅长”；句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语sme指代“一些人”，是复数，所以动词用原形。故填specialize。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：其他人则成为控制杂草或保护作物免受昆虫和疾病侵害的专家。是固定搭配，表示“保护……免受……的侵害”，所以此处填介词frm或against。故填frm/against。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：卡特专注于沙漠植物，这一选择受到了她童年的影响。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的名词chice，chice和influence之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式作定语。故填influenced。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这促使卡特在图森的亚利桑那大学攻读植物科学博士学位。lead sb. t d sth.是固定用法，表示“引导某人做某事；促使某人做某事”，所以此处要用动词不定式形式。故填t pursue。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：“我来到亚利桑那州是为了了解人们在这片干旱的土地上耕种了数千年的方式，”卡特说。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语“fr thusands f years”可知，此处表示一个动作从过去开始持续到现在，使用现在完成时，主语peple是复数，助动词用have，动词farm用过去分词farmed，故填have farmed。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的交换生好友Tm来信提到，室友小明经常在就寝后玩手机，导致他白天上课犯困，成绩下降。在劝说无效后，Tm犹豫是否应向老师报告此事。请你用英语给他写封信，内容包括：
1. 提出建议；
2. 阐明理由
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tm,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tm,
I’m really cncerned abut the truble yu’re faced with. In my view, it’s advisable t reprt it t yur teacher.
Firstly, staying up late t play with mbile phnes, which is against schl regulatins, has a negative impact n bth Xiaming’s study and health. Secndly, yu’ve already shwn yur care by trying hard t persuade him. Since it desn’t wrk, it is a gd chice fr yu t turn t yur teacher fr help. Teachers are experienced and can take effective steps t guide him back n track. I hpe my suggestins will be helpful t yu.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你的交换生好友Tm来信提到室友晚上玩手机影响自己这事给他写封信。其内容包括：提出建议和阐明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→t begin with
影响：impact→influence
展示：shw→display
帮助：help →assistance
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： In my view, it’s advisable t reprt it t yur teacher.
拓展句： In my view, it’s advisable that yu shuld reprt it t yur teacher.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m really cncerned abut the truble yu’re faced with. （运用了省略which或that的定语从句）
【高分句型2】 I hpe my suggestins will be helpful t yu.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr. Gerge had raised his grandsn Alex alne since Alex’s parents passed away. With rugh hands and a heart full f lve, he’d fixed cuntless scraped (擦伤) knees and listened t Alex’s dreams with steady patience.
Nw, as Alex threw his backpack nt the ld sfa, Mr. Gerge’s blue eyes fllwed him tiredly. “Emma’s dad made her a cl specially-made bike,” Alex cmplained, watching his grandfather repair his sccer scks with shaky hands. The ld clay piggy bank between them held nly a few cins, making sft sunds. Mr. Gerge’s small pensin (抚恤金) was just enugh fr basic fd, and the sad lk in his eyes when he said “I’ll… try” made Alex’s chest hurt. Withut anther wrd, Alex rushed ut, ignring the reused calendar stuck behind the fridge, its pages marked with red circles.
One cld mrning, as Alex tk a shrtcut alng a path with classmates, he suddenly stpped. There was Mr. Gerge, halfway inside a recycling dustbin, carefully picking up an ld bicycle chain. His classmates started laughing. “Lk at the waste cllectr!” Jake shuted. Jessica tk phts with her phne. Alex felt terrible shame. His face turned red. “Stp making me feel bad!” he yelled angrily, pushing away Mr. Gerge’s reaching hand — the same hand that had held him during his first unsteady bike rides.
Weeks f cld silence fllwed. Every mrning, Alex fund his lunchbx filled with extra sandwiches and snacks, but he never ate them. Every night, sft kncking nises came frm the garage, but he wuldn’t check.
On his 17th birthday, Alex wke t find a shebx wrapped in ld pages. Inside lay a shiny metal bicycle bell, carved with small gears (齿轮), and a nte. The nte said, “Dear Alex, I’m srry I culdn’t buy yu the bike yu wanted. I started cllecting recyclables t save up, but I never meant t embarrass yu. Yu’re the mst precius thing in my life. Every ride needs a sund. This bell will ring when yu’re ready t listen. Frgive my ld-fashined ways.” After seeing the wrds, Alex was reduced t tears, with a stream f warmth and regret acrss his bdy.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Alex rushed utside and saw the special bike made frm used metal against the fence.
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That very night, Mr. Gerge’s serius cughs wke Alex.
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【答案】 Alex rushed utside and saw the special bike made frm used metal against the fence. The handlebars shne brightly, shwing hw carefully his grandfather had plished them. Eager t thank Mr. Gerge, he turned twards the huse. But thrugh the kitchen windw, he frze. His grandfather sat at the table, ne hand bandaged, struggling t take bites f a sandwich, with a bttle f painkillers nearby. Alex’s thrat tightened. All this time, his anger had blinded him t the pain his grandfather endured — all fr him. He knew he had t make things right.
That very night, Mr. Gerge’s serius cughs wke Alex. The ld man lay pale and weak in bed. Withut a mment’s delay, Alex helped him nt the bike. As they rde t the hspital, the bicycle bell rang sftly, like a sweet sng. At the hspital and in the days that fllwed, Alex tk gd care f his grandfather, cking meals and chatting with him. The scrap-metal bike, nce a surce f embarrassment, nw std as a symbl f their lve — prving that the mst precius gifts are thse brn frm sacrifice and heart.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了爷爷Gerge和孙子Alex之间的亲情。Alex因为家庭经济条件不好，看到同学有特别定制的自行车而羡慕，但爷爷只能通过捡回收物来攒钱，结果在同学面前让Alex感到羞耻，导致冷战。后来在Alex17岁生日时，爷爷送了一个自行车铃铛，并附上道歉的纸条，让Alex感动流泪，Alex看到自行车后，从愤怒转为感激，意识到错误想道歉，后来带爷爷去看病并贴心照顾，矛盾和解。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Alex冲出门外，看到了用旧金属做的特殊自行车靠在篱笆上。”可知，第一段可描写Alex发现自行车后的情感转变以及要采取的行动，意识到自己的错误，想向爷爷道歉。
②由第二段首句内容“就在那天晚上，Gerge先生的严重咳嗽声吵醒了Alex。”可知，第二段可围绕爷爷的健康危机展开，体现双向情感流动。
2.续写线索：Alex从愤怒到感谢——看到爷爷的痛苦——意识到错误想道歉——带爷爷治病——贴心照顾爷爷——矛盾和解
3.词汇激活
行为类
①表明：shw/indicate/reveal
②忍受：endure/bear/tlerate/put up with
③帮助：help/assist/aid
情绪类
①痛苦：pain/ suffering/be painful/be miserable
②尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness/feel embarrassed/feel awkward
【点睛】[高分句型1]. His grandfather sat at the table, ne hand bandaged, struggling t take bites f a sandwich, with a bttle f painkillers nearby.（运用了独立主格，现在分词作伴随状语以及with复合结构）
[高分句型2]. At the hspital and in the days that fllwed, Alex tk gd care f his grandfather, cking meals and chatting with him.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语）