专题14 宾语从句、定语从句考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）练习+答案

这是一份专题14 宾语从句、定语从句考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）练习+答案，文件包含专题14宾语从句定语从句考点归纳原卷版docx、专题14宾语从句定语从句考点归纳解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、宾语从句的定义及位置
在句中作宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。宾语从句多位于及物动词（接宾语或双宾语）或介词之后。
例：I wnder whether they will have the races again next year.
whether引导的宾语从句作wnder的宾语
He tld me what he did yesterday afternn.
what引导的宾语从句作tld的宾语（tell sb.sth.双宾语结构）
She is thinking abut what she will d after graduatin.
what引导的宾语从句作abut的宾语
二、宾语从句的连接词
随堂训练
1．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）—Culd yu tell me ________ yu spent New Year’s Day this year, Peter?
—We had a family get-tgether and went t an amusement park.
A．whatB．whenC．hwD．where
2．（2025·湖北襄阳·一模）—Culd yu tell me ______ the nearest pst ffice is?
—G dwn this street and turn left. Yu’ll find it easily.
A．whatB．hwC．whereD．when
3．（2025·安徽黄山·模拟预测）—I wnder ________ I can prtect my eyes. Can yu give me sme advice?
—First f all, yu shuld avid lking at the phne screen fr a lng time.
A．whyB．whereC．hwD．which
4．（2025·安徽宣城·二模）—Did yu ntice smene was passing?
—Yes, I did. I knew it was a girl, but I didn’t see clearly ______ she was.
A．whereB．whatC．hwD．wh
5．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—D yu knw ________ it’s imprtant t prtect these ancient trees?
—I think they carry histrical and cultural infrmatin, cnnecting us t the past.
A．hwB．whenC．whereD．why
三、宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。（主现从不限）
例：I remember he gave me a bk yesterday.
He has tld me that he will leave fr New Yrk tmrrw.
2.如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。（主过从也过）
例：He tld me that he wuld take part in the cmpetitin.
He said he was at hme at that time.
3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是一般过去时，从句也用一般现在时。（真理永一现）
例：He tld me that the earth ges rund the sun.
随堂训练
1．（2025·安徽黄山·二模）—Culd yu tell me when ________?
—At 10:25, in ten minutes.
A．the bus has leftB．the bus had leftC．the bus wuld leaveD．the bus will leave
2．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）—I frget ________. D yu knw?
—At nine ’clck, in ten minutes.
A．why the speech will beginB．when the speech has begun
C．why the speech beginsD．when the speech will begin
3．（2025·广东汕头·二模）Befre ging shpping, Mrs. Depp listed ________ fr the next week n a piece f paper.
A．what she wuld needB．what wuld she need
C．what she will needD．what will she need
4．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）—Culd yu tell me ________?
—Sure. She lives n the secnd flr.
A．where des she live B．where she livesC．where did she liveD．where she lived
5．（24-25九年级下·黑龙江佳木斯·期中）The teacher asked us ________.
A．why we are late fr classB．why are we late fr class
C．why we were late fr classD．why were we late fr class
四、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。把两个独立的句子变成一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照“先主语，后谓语”的顺序。
句1：When will they visit the museum?
句2：D yu knw it?
合并后：D yu knw when they will visit the museum?
更多例句：I wnder where he lives.
I dn't knw whether/if he is right.
Can yu tell me where the library is?
五、宾语从句的写作
宾语从句——否定前移
有时在含宾语从句的主从复合句中，意思上属于that从句的否定可以转移到主句。（写作中易错）
写作示例
我认为你不对。
I think yu are nt（否定应在主句谓语动词处）right.（×）
→I dn't think yu are right.（√）
否定前移需要满足2个条件:①主句的主语是I或者是we。②主句的谓语动词是表示“认为,相信,猜测”等概念的动词，如think、believe、suppse、expect等。
注意如果主语不是第一人称，则不能进行否定前移。例如：She thinks she can't arrive here n time.她认为她不能按时到这里。
随堂训练
1．（2026·江苏南通·模拟预测）—I think it’s difficult t write the English reprt in tw days. I really dn’t knw ________.
—Plan yur time well, and yu can make it.
A．why I have t d itB．when will I finish it
C．hw I can d itD．if can I finish it
2．（24-25九年级上·河北张家口·期末）—May I cme in? I’m srry I’m late.
—Cme in, please. But culd yu tell me ________?
A．hw d yu cme t schlB．what were yu ding
C．whm yu came withD．why yu are late
3．（2025·全国·模拟预测）Tm, d yu knw ________ the art festival? I can’t wait t get started.
A．where will we hld B．hw we will hld C．when will we hldD．when we will hld
4．（2025·甘肃武威·一模）—D yu knw ________ the new mbile phne last week?
—Maybe 2,500 yuan. I am nt quite sure.
A．hw much she paid frB．hw much will she pay fr
C．hw much she pays frD．hw much she will pay fr
5．（2025·甘肃武威·一模）Yu can’t imagine ________ when she heard the gd news.
A．hw excited was she B．hw excited she was
C．hw she was excitingD．hw exciting she was
定语从句
一、定语从句的定义及位置
在主从复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句（亦称“关系从句”）。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。其结构如下所示：
①The bys wh are playing ftball are frm Class One.（画横线的内容为主句）
wh引导的定语从句修饰先行词The bys，意为“正在踢足球的男孩
②I like music that I can dance t.（画横线的内容为主句）
that引导的定语从句修饰先行词music，意为“我能跟随起舞的音乐’
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词（that、which、wh、whm等）和关系副词（when、where、why）。初中阶段主要掌握由关系代词that、wh、which引导的定语从句。关系代词在从句中作宾语时常可省略。
拓展关系代词指物时，只能用that，不能用which的几种情况
1.先行词为不定代词all、any、few、little、much、nthing、everything、smething、anything等或被其修饰时。
2.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
3.先行词被the ne、the nly、the very、the last、the same等修饰时。
4.当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
随堂训练
1．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测）Amng the 12 animals f the Chinese zdiac (生肖), the dragn is the nly ne ________ is nt real.
A．whichB．whC．thatD．what
2．（2025九年级·全国·专题练习）—WeChat is an inventin ________ can help peple share phts, ideas and feelings freely.
—I think it’s very useful in ur life.
A．whichB．whmC．whereD．whse
3．（2025·吉林长春·三模）The huse ________ stands at the end f the street, with a beautiful garden in frnt, belngs t my grandparents.
A．whichB．whC．whatD．where
4．（2025·吉林长春·二模）Jack Brwn still lives in the ld huse ________ his father gave him.
A．whB．whenC．whichD．where
5．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）Michael will never frget the man ________ he met at the airprt.
A．whseB．whichC．whatD．wh
6．（2025·江西·模拟预测）The museum ________ we visited last mnth ________ ver 10,000 visitrs during the Labr Day hliday.
A．where; receivedB．which; has received
C．wh; receivesD．what; will receive
7．（2025·广东汕头·一模）Flammable ice (可燃冰) is a kind f new energy ________ prduces less pllutin.
A．whichB．whatC．whD．when
8．（2025·甘肃酒泉·三模）Nwadays, AI is ne f the mst imprtant technlgies ________ are widely used in ur life.
A．thatB．whichC．whD．what
9．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The by _________ is flying a kite n the playgrund is my little brther.
A．whichB．whC．whereD．whm
10．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）He thinks that his pet cat, ________ is very cute, can understand his feelings.
A．whB．whichC．whmD．whse
二、定语从句的写作
定语从句“加减法”
定语从句是名词或代词的修饰成分，学生在阅读中可以先识别定语从句，从而给复合句做减法，理解主句之后，再理解修饰成分的内容。
例1：Accrding t the research,peple wh eat vegetables and shw a clear dislike fr them can influence thers.该句中“”为定语从句，做减法后，先理解主句“据研究，人们可以影响其他人”，再结合定语从句“那些吃蔬菜并表现出明显不喜欢蔬菜的人”，即可理解整句。
在写作中，需要用定语从句给句子做加法，使文章内容更充实。
例2：I can give yu sme suggestins.→增加定语从句修饰suggestins→I can give yu sme suggestins that may help yu make new friends.
例3：This is a great way t meet ther peple.→增加定语从句修饰peple→This is a great way t meet ther peple wh may have the same interests as yu.
综合训练
一．单句语法填空
1．—I wnder yur friendship started.
—By travelling!
2．—Excuse me,culd yu please tell me the band will begin playing this afternn?
—At three 'clck.
3．Fr mre than 2,000 years,dctrs recrded they fund in bks.These ancient bks are still useful tday.
4．They culdn't understand I wanted t live smewhere that was s cld and far frm hme.But I simply said,“I lve it.”
5．The teacher always encurages us t
ask questins and explre new ideas makes ur science class full f fun and surprises.
6．These tests can't measure（衡量）all the things make yu wnderful and special.Yur results frm these tests will nt tell yu everything.
7．A kid desn't stand straight may feel unhappy r just feel a bit dwn.
8．As the name suggests,Sapen is a pen is made ut f sap.
9．The bk tells the exciting stry f a yung adventurer traveling arund the wrld has becme the mst ppular ne in ur schl library.
10．Surrunded by tall trees,the park is lcated near ur schl has a big lake,where we ften g bating n weekends.
11．With bright eyes and a warm smile,the girl sits next t me in class and ften helps me with English is very kind and patient.
12.I dn't knw they managed t finish the prject in just three days.It's unbelievable!
13.The sweetest memry f my childhd is abut a rund table is made by my grandpa.
14.She stayed at hme yesterday she had a bad cld and needed t rest.
15.Mst plants cannt survive fr a lng time withut enugh water.The plants will die yu water them every tw days.
16.—D yu knw the 33rd Olympic Games will be held?
—Of curse!In Paris,France.
17.—Tim,d yu knw we will hld the art festival?
—Sure!Next Friday.
18. sleep is s imprtant,many peple these days are nt getting enugh.
19.With the teachers'help,we have greatly imprved urselves we entered junir high schls three years ag.
二、短文填空综合练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
It was Cassie's first time visiting the Natinal Museum f China.She wndered whether she culd see all the things in just ne day. 1 she gt in,she asked at the infrmatin desk 2 there was a quickest rute fr the tur.The lady behind the desk asked Cassie 3 she was interested in the mst.Cassie said 4 she lved Chinese paintings.S the lady shwed her 5 venue（场馆）she shuld g first.During her tur,Cassie saw a lt f peple carrying a kind f headphnes explaining the paintings.She asked ne wman
6 she culd find these headphnes.With the wman's help,Cassie rented ne and learned 7 she culd use it.She had quite a meaningful day.
三、翻译句子
1．我想知道他们最后是怎么做到的。（wnder）
__________________________________
2．你可以学习如何做中餐和西餐。（）
________________________________________________________________
3．那个女孩非常有创造力，总能想出新主意。（）
___________________________________________________________________
4．我爸爸和我都不去参加会议。（）
__________________________________________________
5．当我遇到需要帮助的人时,我会愿意帮助他们。（be willing t）
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6．这个假期我要么待在家里读书,要么出门旅行。（）
___________________________________________________________________
7．你不仅会学到东西,还会结交新朋友。（nt als...）
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四．语法选择
A
（2025·广东梅州·一模）I was nt a cnfident persn befre. That’s because I was fat and 1 ften laughed at me. As a result, I became very shy. I was scared 2 hell t strangers. I was afraid t ask 3 questins and speak lud in public. I used t believe that I wuld be like this all my life.
But ne day, my friend Paul’s wrds changed my mind. He encuraged me t change 4 . He said, “If yu can give it a try, yu still prbably make a change. But 5 yu never try, yur life is nly ging t get wrse.” I 6 by what he said. Why nt have a try?
The first thing I did was t lse weight. I had a strict diet and did exercise every day. After six mnths, I lst ninety punds. This taught me that I 7 change myself.
A few mnths later, I 8 abut a speech cmpetitin at my university. I made up my mind t jin in the cmpetitin. Fr the first time, I was able t share my stry and speak lud in frnt f lts f peple.
After the cmpetitin, I made 9 t-d list and started changing in a very shrt time. I tried my 10 t cmplete the things n the list ne by ne. When wrking n them, I became mre and mre cnfident.
1．A．therB．the therC．thers
2．A．sayB．t sayC．saying
3．A．simpleB．simplyC．simpleness
4．A．myselfB．meC．I
5．A．sinceB．ifC．althugh
6．A．blw awayB．blew awayC．was blwn away
7．A．mustB．culdC．need
8．A．hearB．heardC．have heard
9．A．aB．anC．the
10．A．gdB．betterC．best
B
（2025·广东梅州·三模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Over the past frty-ne years, a frest ranger (护林员) cuple has given up the well-paid jb and cnvenience in the city and turned t prtect trees. Living in 1 cnditin than that in cities fr many years, Tang Zitian and his wife, Li Qinglian, live n the Baituchng frest farm in Huitng Cunty, Hunan Prvince. They help t breed (培育) 132 species f fir trees (冷杉). Their tw daughters 2 by their grandparents. Tang and Li regularly walk 20 kilmeters 3 fr fire risks in the 600-hectare frest. And there has nt been a single fire 4 their base was established.
They als need t measure the diameters (直径) f certain trees, cllect seeds and ther data f trees.Their diaries recrd 5 they see abut sample trees every year, mnth and day. Even a little grwth f a tree makes the cuple excited.
In 1981, the central gvernment 6 planting high-yield (高产的) fir trees n the frest farm. Tang, wh was then an 18-year-ld cunty resident, was sent t help 7 the wrk.
Luckily a few years later he married Li, wh 8 as a ranger, t. But at the time, they each earned 1.50 yuan a day. And 9 living cnditin was t pr. Many f their c-wrkers mved t wrk in cities. But the cuple decided t stay!
Every nw and then, sme scientists came and helped 10 try sme experiments s that they culd breed new fir trees. Nw their living cnditin has changed fr better with their effrt.
1．A．badB．wrseC．wrst
2．A．raisedB．were raisingC．were raised
3．A．t checkB．checkingC．check
4．A．tillB．sinceC．befre
5．A．whB．whatC．hw
6．A．startsB．startedC．has started
7．A．withB．frC．frm
8．A．was wrkingB．is wrkingC．wrk
9．A．aB．anC．the
10．A．itB．theirC．them
五．选择填空
A
（2025·广东梅州·三模）
In the deep winter f Nrtheast China, many animals fall int a deep sleep. 1 , signs f next spring have appeared at Chagan Lake. Peple here are knwn as the “last fishing and hunting tribe (狩猎部落) in Nrthern China”. Chagan Lake is in Jilin Prvince and it is the 2 largest freshwater lake in China. The lake is ver 400 km² and up t 6m 3 . It has a rich ecsystem with ver 60 kinds f fishes.
The area has a lng 4 f fishing and hunting. Winter fishing ceremnies date back 5 f years. Peple use tls t make 6 in the ice thrugh which they drp the nets (网). Later, huge nets are 7 frm the water, bringing tens f thusands f fish nt the ice-cvered surface.
T keep the lcal fishing and hunting culture 8 t make sure it develps in an envirnmentally friendly way, the lcal fishermen have changed their nets with small hles t nets with big hles. They als scientifically place baby fish as planned and make sure that 9 can live healthily in the lake. Besides, they have been fllwing traditinal fishing methds, trying t 10 water pllutin. As a result, Chagan Lake’ s fish are knwn fr their high quality and great taste.
This winter, cme t Chagan Lake!
B
（2025·广东梅州·一模）请从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
Hw des technlgy change lives? Many think it is great. Fr mst peple, technlgy means yu can d mre in 1 time and have fun while ding it. Here’s ne example.
Peple made letters with smke frm airplanes. Peple can see the letters frm the streets, buildings and places 2 frm the sky. It’s called skywriting. It 3 in England. In 1992, the 4 wrds written in the sky ver America were “Hell USA”. That year skywriting began t be 5 fr advertising. It kept ppular until the 1950s. It’s difficult t put a message 6 the sky. The pilt 7 their shadws n the grund r their shapes in the sky. 8 it’s a snwy day, the pilt in the plane can’t see the white letters, but we n the grund can see them in the sky. Peple are s 9 t have rmantic (浪漫的) time!
Hwever, fr sme peple, technlgy can be s much mre than just fr fun. It can change 10 lives. Mst believe tmrrw’s technlgy cmes ut right side up.
六.语法填空
A
（2025·浙江金华·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
What is the mn’s far side like? Dark, cld and empty. Nbdy 1 (be) there yet. But in June, 2024, it had 2 visitr—China’s Chang’e-6 prbe (探测器).
The launch (发射) f the Chang’e-6 prbe was 3 (success). Then with the help f the Queqia-2 relay satellite (中继卫星), the prbe landed n the mn n June 2nd. On June 3rd, it finished cllecting the samples (样品) n the mn’s far side and left the Chinese wrd zhng there. China is the 4 (ne) cuntry t cllect samples frm the mn’s far side. “The prbe has wrked well 5 it left Earth and is ging t cme back t Earth arund June 25.” ne space expert said.
The Chang’e-6 prbe used new smart tls t help cllect samples. “The prbe can 6 (simple) d it by itself even if we stp cmmunicatin,” the expert added.
“Frm 1970 7 2024, China has made great prgress in space industry and the achievements belng t many excellent scientists and astrnauts. Cllecting and 8 (bring) the samples frm the far side f the mn are unbelievable. If the Chang’e-6 can achieve 9 (it) gal, the samples will help us t knw mre and 10 (well) abut the histry and develpment f the mn.” anther expert said.
B
（2025·浙江金华·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Liu Qiangdng, the funder f JD．cm, delivered (递送) takeut t custmers in persn. On April 21st, the piece f news 1 (spread) n the Internet. Smene in Beijing shared 2 pht n the Internet, in which Liu Qiangdng was wearing a red wrk unifrm f JD Takeut, and hlding a takeut package in his hand. He was excited and wrte, “I receive the takeut delivered 3 Mr. Liu himself!” This news quickly drew many 4 (peple) attentin and sparked a lt f discussin. When the reprter asked JD．cm abut it, the cmpany replied, “It’s true. Thank yu all fr yur supprt fr JD Takeut.”
Nwadays, takeut fd is s ppular in China 5 fd safety becmes mre imprtant than befre. Liu Qiangdng said JD．cm wuld like 6 (create) gd and safe takeut fd. His actin shws his deep cncern fr the 7 (develp) f JD Takeut.
8 (recent), JD．cm has been making effrts in the takeut market. It is wrking harder t attract 9 (many) restaurants. Hwever, as the cmpetitin in the takeut market heats up, there are bth challenges and pprtunities. Whether JD Takeut can achieve 10 (it) gal is still unsure. Let’s wait and see.连接词
连接词的作用
例句
that
本身无意义，只起连接作用，在口语中可省略
He said（that）he was gd at swimming.
if/whether（是否）
不作成分，但不能省略
He asked me if Miss Ga was a teacher.
连接代词：what（什么）、which（哪一个/些）、wh（谁）、whse（谁的）、whm（谁）
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
I dn't knw what they are ging t d.
连接副词：when（表时间）、where（表地点）、why（表原因）、hw（表方式）
在从句中作状语
Culd yu tell me where they live?
D yu knw hw they fund the place?
关系词
用法
示例
that（在从句中作主语或宾语）
指人
Wh is the man that is sitting ver there?（that作从句主语）
正在那边坐着的那个人是谁?
The girl（that）we saw yesterday was Tm's sister.（that作从句宾语，可省略）我们昨天看到的那个女孩是汤姆的姐姐。
指物
I like the apples that are grwn in my hmetwn.（that作从句主语）
我喜欢我家乡种植的苹果。
Yu can chse anything（that）yu like.（that作从句宾语，可省略）
你可以选择任何你喜欢的东西。
which（在从句中作主语或宾语）
指物
I lve the bks which were written by Lu Xun.（which作从句主语）
我喜欢鲁迅写的书。
The stry（which）he tld was very ppular.（which作从句宾语，可省略）
他讲的那个故事很受欢迎。
wh（在从句中作主语或宾语）,whm（在从句中作宾语）
指人
I lve the singers wh sing wrds clearly.（wh作从句主语）
我喜欢那些唱歌吐字清晰的歌手。
whse（在从句中作定语）
指人/物
He's the man whse pinin I respect.（whse在从句中作定语，修饰名词pinin）他是那个我尊重其意见的人。
histry; hle; seven; deep; r; pull; hwever; and; they; high; hundred; avid
far never little watch begin ne use their als create in if