高考英语二轮-完形填空（练习）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-完形填空（练习）（教师版），共33页。
Passage 1
I mved t a new city and tk a jb in marketing. I didn’t really understand whether it applied t me. I enjyed ding things that I felt had 1 . As the mnths passed, I felt it just wasn’t fr me. I needed t find a way ut.
A jb advertisement fr an editr fr a new yuth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was successful. My rle was t help teams f yung peple edit their cntent and help them with their wrk. I had assumed the magazine wuld be a(n) 2 f games and dull reviews, s I was 3 when ne f the first pieces written was abut scial welfare. 4 , I fund smething I was interested in.
I felt a 5 in me straight away. I had a purpse again. Days were lst t discussing ht tpics and 6 the wrds f their strng and pininated (坚持己见的) vices. 7 in their wrld, I culd see myself making a difference t the team’s writing ability. As ur website 8 increased and the wrk shifted t reflect what ur audiences wanted, I develped a greater understanding f what yung peple might want t read.
The biggest change the jb brught, thugh was t my well-being. It is rare yu find yurself in a jb yu lve, ne that yu are happy t 9 each day. I was thriving in this creative envirnment, inspired by the talented yung peple I was helping t 10 their careers. Nw, I realize that there are jbs that will keep yu happy, energetic and inspired.
1．A．purpseB．cnvenienceC．restrictinD．entertainment
2．A．replacementB．mixtureC．innvatinD．symbl
3．A．amusedB．embarrassedC．tuchedD．surprised
4．A．NaturallyB．GenerallyC．FrequentlyD．Finally
5．A．cntrastB．shckC．changeD．shame
6．A．readingB．translatingC．spellingD．cpying
7．A．TrappedB．HiddenC．InvestedD．Imagined
8．A．hitsB．pagesC．prfitsD．advertisements
9．A．leave behindB．g intC．refer tD．set aside
10．A．transferB．rescueC．disciplineD．further
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了放弃了自己不喜欢且感觉没有目标的工作，去应聘了一个编辑工作，帮年轻人改稿子，作者觉得非常开心，觉得自己改变了很多，对工作充满热情，对年轻人也很有帮助。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢做我觉得有意义的事情。A. purpse目的意图，意义价值；B. cnvenience便利；C. restrictin限制，约束；D. entertainment娱乐。根据上文“I didn’t really understand whether it applied t me”可知，作者不知道为什么从事当时的那份工作，所以推测，作者喜欢做有意义的事，下文“I had a purpse again.”中purpse是原词复现。故选A项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原以为这本杂志会是一堆游戏和无聊评论的混合体，所以当我看到最初的一篇文章是关于社会福利的时候，我感到很惊讶。A. replacement取代，替代品；B. mixture混合；C. innvatin创新；D. symbl符号，象征。根据下文“f games and dull reviews”可知，作者应该是猜想年轻人写内容多是这两种的混合。故选B项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. amused被逗笑的，愉悦的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. tuched感动的；D. surprised惊讶的，出乎意料的。根据下文“when ne f the first pieces written was abut scial welfare. ____4____ , I fund smething I was interested in”可知，作者原以为会看到年轻人作品会很无聊，事实看到写的是社会福利这样有意义的社会问题，所以作者感到很惊讶。故选D项。
4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，我找到了我感兴趣的事情。A. Naturally自然而然地；B. Generally一般来说；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Finally最后，终于。根据上文“As the mnths passed, I felt it just wasn’t fr me. I needed t find a way ut.”以及下文“I fund smething I was interested in.”可知，几个月过去了作者没有找到合适的工作，终于找到自己喜欢又有意义的工作。故选D项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻感到我的内心发生了变化。A. cntrast对比；B. shck震惊；C. change变化，改变；D. shame羞耻。原来做的是不适合自己的工作，现在是自己很喜欢的工作，心情是变化了。下文“I had a purpse again.”以及“The biggest change the jb brught, thugh was t my well-being”都说明作者感受到了自己的变化，其中change是原词复现。故选C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天的时间在讨论热点话题和阅读他们的强烈和坚持己见的声音中过去了。A. reading阅读；B. translating翻译；C. spelling拼写；D. cpying复制。根据上文“My rle was t help teams f yung peple edit their cntent and help them with their wrk.”作者的工作是编辑，应该是首先要阅读表达年轻人观点的文章，再进行修改指导编辑。故选A项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入到他们的世界中，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力有很大的影响。A. Trapped困住；B. Hidden隐藏；C. Invested投资，投入；D. Imagined想象。根据上文“Days were lst t discussing ht tpics and ______6______ the wrds f their strng and pininated (坚持己见的) vices.”可知，作者我喜欢这份工作，后面表示对这些年轻人的习作能力有了很大的影响，说明作者应该是全身心地投入的工作中。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击量的增加，并且我们的工作也在随之转变，反映我们的读者想要什么，我对年轻人可能想要读什么有了更深入的了解。A. hits点击量；B. pages页数；C. prfits利润；D. advertisements广告。下文“the wrk shifted t reflect what ur audiences wanted”说明网站点击量增多了，故选A项。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你很难找到自己喜欢的工作，一份你每天都乐意投入的工作。A. leave behind甩在后面；B. g int参加，开始从事；C. refer t参考，提及，指的是；D. set aside暂时搁置一边。根据上文“The biggest change the jb brught, thugh was t my well-being”以及下文“I was thriving in this creative envirnment”可知，作者找到了一份自己喜爱的工作，每天很投入地去做(g int)。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这种创造性的环境下很充实，我帮助这些有才华的年轻人取得事业的进一步发展，而我也深受鼓舞启发。A. transfer转移，移交；B. rescue救援；C. discipline纪律，惩罚；D. further使进一步，推进。作者作为编辑帮这些年轻作者修改稿子，提高他们的写作能力，应该是推动了他们的事业更进一步发展。故选D项。
Passage 2
It was my first day f high schl, and it was my first day f schl in a new city. There was nly ne thing n my mind: what t wear. A gd image is everything, s it was imprtant fr me t 11 the peple wh I wuld spend the next fur years with.
Fr the first time in my life, I thught abut hw cnvenient it wuld be t wear the schl unifrm. After carefully selecting, I emerged prudly in a patterned dress. An hur later, I felt 12 as I stepped ff the bus and headed tward rm 1136. But as I turned the crner int my first class, my jaw drpped t the flr.
Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, 13 the exact same dress as I. I kept my head dwn and tipted t my seat, but the first day meant intrductins in frnt f the whle class, and sn enugh it was my 14 . I made it thrugh my minute speech, until Mrs. Hutfilz std up, jkingly adding that she liked my 15 . Althugh this was the mment I had been wrrying frm the mment I walked in, all the 16 that had increased surprisingly melted away; the students wh had previusly been staring at their phnes 17 their heads as I shared my stry. My smile grew as I laughed with my peers, ending my speech with “And I am very stylish, much like my first perid 18 .” After class, I stayed behind and talked t Mrs. Hutfilz, sharing my previus wrry abut cming int a new schl and city. I was 19 t make a humrus and genuine cnnectin with my first teacher, ne that wuld cntinue fr the rest f the year.
While my first perid f high schl may nt have gne exactly the way I thught it wuld, it certainly made the day 20 in the best way, and taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesme sense f style!
11．A．impressB．surpriseC．pleaseD．encurage
12．A．shyB．luckyC．freeD．pwerful
13．A．preparingB．wearingC．hidingD．designing
14．A．turnB．chanceC．rewardD．slutin
15．A．writingB．styleC．speechD．vice
16．A．happinessB．cnfidenceC．bredmD．anxiety
17．A．nddedB．buriedC．raisedD．tuched
18．A．neighbrB．peerC．teacherD．friend
19．A．relievedB．nervusC．patientD．embarrassed
20．A．unpredictableB．unfrgettableC．unbearableD．unchangeable
【答案】
11．A 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学的第一天和老师穿了一样的衣服，在作者感到尴尬时，老师用幽默的话语缓解了尴尬，给作者留下了难忘的记忆。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好的形象就是一切，所以对我来说，给那些和我一起度过接下来四年的人留下深刻印象是很重要的。A. impress使印象深刻；B. surprise使惊讶；C. please使快乐；D. encurage鼓励。根据上文“A gd image is everything”可知，作者想留下深刻印象。故选A项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，当我下了车，朝1136房间走去时，我感到很有力量。A. shy害羞的；B. lucky幸运的；C. free自由的； D. pwerful有力量的。根据上文“After carefully selecting, I emerged prudly in a patterned dress.”可知，作者感到很有力量。故选D项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在她桌前的是我的英语老师胡菲尔兹夫人，她穿着和我一模一样的衣服。A. preparing准备；B. wearing穿；C. hiding 躲藏；D. designing设计。根据上文“what t wear”以及下文“the exact same dress as”可知，作者和老师穿着一样的衣服。故选B项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我低着头，踮着脚尖走到座位上，但第一天的课程意味着要在全班同学面前做自我介绍，很快就轮到我了。A. turn转动，轮流；B. chance机会；C. reward回报； D. slutin解决措施。根据下文“I made it thrugh my minute speech”可知，轮到作者自我介绍了。故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了一分钟的演讲，直到哈菲尔茨夫人站起来，开玩笑地补充说她喜欢我的风格。A. writing写作；B. style风格；C. speech演讲； D. vice声音。作者和老师穿着同样一款衣服，所以老师开玩笑地说很喜欢作者的风格。故选B项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然从我走进来的那一刻起，我就一直在担心，但所有增加的焦虑都令人惊讶地消失了。A. happiness幸福；B. cnfidence自信；C. bredm厌倦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“wrrying”可知，作者的焦虑增加了。故选D项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我分享我的故事时，之前一直盯着手机的学生都抬起了头。A. ndded点头；B. buried埋葬；C. raised提高； D. tuched触摸。根据上文“the students wh had previusly been staring at their phnes”可知，盯着手机看的同学在作者分享故事时抬起了头。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和同学们一起大笑时，我的笑容越来越灿烂，最后以“而且我很时尚，很像我的第一节课的老师”结束了我的演讲。A. neighbr邻居；B. peer同辈人；C. teacher教师；D. friend朋友。根据上文“Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher”可知，这里指的是老师。故选C项。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我的第一位老师建立了一种幽默而真诚的联系，这让我松了一口气，这种联系在那一年剩下的时间里一直持续着。A. relieved 放心的；B. nervus紧张的；C. patient耐心的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“make a humrus and genuine cnnectin with my first teacher”可知，作者和作者的第一位老师建立了一种幽默而真诚的联系，这让作者松了一口气，不那么焦虑了。故选A项。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的第一段高中生活可能并不完全像我想象的那样，但它确实以最好的方式让这一天难忘，并让我知道哈菲尔兹夫人有一种令人敬畏的时尚感!。A. unpredictable不可预测的；B. unfrgettable难以忘记的；C. unbearable不可忍受的；D. unchangeable不变化的。根据上文可知，作者和老师穿着同样一款衣服，且老师很有幽默感以及下文“taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesme sense f style!”可知，这一天很难忘。故选B项。
Passage 3
While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful 21 with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man apprached me n the train. My 22 friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the chance t practice my Chinese.
Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had attended a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb 23 highways in rder t help supprt his family. Perhaps the mst 24 . hwever, was the fact. that this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr. Withut batting an eye, he wuld 25 a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American writers as a whle. “And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?” I 26 him asking at ne pint.
It wuld have been easy t 27 my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme. But this highly infrmed, 28 , and admirable persn prevented me ding s. In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he shwed me just hw much ne can gain frm 29 with an pen mind, and a willingness t 30 with lcals frm all walks f life.
21．A．experimentB．encunterC．cmpetitinD．appintment
22．A．trueB．s-calledC．newD．lng-lst
23．A．buildingB．sweepingC．checkingD．guarding
24．A．typicalB．bviusC．naturalD．remarkable
25．A．publishB．quteC．cpyD．dwnlad
26．A．anticipateB．imagineC．recallD．catch
27．A．lk intB．rely nC．g verD．deal with
28．A．well-behavedB．multi-skilledC．warm-heartedD．self-educated
29．A．travelingB．readingC．searchingD．teaching
30．A．cperateB．sideC．negtiateD．engage
【答案】
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encunter邂逅；C. cmpetitin比赛；D. appintment任命。根据后文“with a lcal that all travelers lng fr”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. s-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. lng-lst很久不见的。根据上文“A yung Chinese man apprached me n the train.”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in rder t help supprt his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. bvius显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. qute引用；C. cpy复制；D. dwnlad下载。根据后文“a translated Emersn passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at ne pint”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. lk int调查；B. rely n依靠；C. g ver复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme”可知，这是作者凭想象进行的判断。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an pen mind, and a willingness t”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cperate合作；B. side支持；C. negtiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with lcals frm all walks f life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
Passage 4
On a bright afternn, Jrdan, Mahir and Mahir’s father gathered at the ft f a muntain. “Hey, Jrdan, ver here!” Jrdan’s best friend, Mahir, waved his hand, pinting t a crack in the side f the muntain. “We culd 31 this!”
Jrdan tied his safety harness (系带) and checked his rpe. He weighed ne f them in his hand, determining its weight. Then he lked fr 32 lcatins, cnsidering the difficulty f the task. “That crack is 33 narrw. I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”
“At the time f a test, a persn rises r falls.” said Ghanim, Mahir’s dad. Shaking his head in 34 ver the freign prverb (谚语), Jrdan examined the crack. It was nthing mre than a sliver in the slid face f the cliff. He shifted in his harness as Mahir gave the prverb his wn explanatin: “If yu’re nt reaching the 35 , yu’re nt trying hard enugh.” Jrdan recgnized the bit f advice frm a previus climbing lessn.
His wn father’s vice resunded in his thughts, as if in a half-frgtten dream. “Climb a muntain, sn, and yu climb the insecurity in yur wn life. Yu climb ver yur shadw, climb ver yur 36 .”That was five years ag, befre the autmbile 37 that tk his dad’s life. Jrdan’s father swiftly turned his car and effectively 38 a car frm ging ver a cliff (悬崖). The sudden mve had saved the peple in that car. But his father’s car went ff a cliff. 39 with the difficult situatin, Jrdan’s dad had never hesitated befre making the decisin.
And nw Jrdan wuldn’t either. 40 n his balance, he tk a deep breath and began t climb. Finally, they made it t the peak f the muntain.
31．A．masterB．packC．climbD．dive
32．A．wrthwhileB．pssibleC．uniqueD．immediate
33．A．acceptableB．classicalC．amazinglyD．unbelievably
34．A．cnfusinB．awarenessC．understandingD．appreciatin
35．A．agreementB．destinatinC．balanceD．crack
36．A．shckB．pwerC．dubtD．struggle
37．A．accidentB．jurneyC．eventD．trap
38．A．discuragedB．cnnectedC．pulledD．prevented
39．A．AgreedB．FacedC．EndedD．Gne
40．A．CncentratingB．DependingC．MvedD．Carrying
【答案】
31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．B 36．C 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jrdan努力爬到山顶和攀登过程中的心理活动。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以爬上去！A. master掌握；B. pack包装；C. climb爬，攀登；D. dive潜水。根据前文的“On a bright afternn, Jrdan, Mahir and Mahir’s father gathered at the ft f a muntain. “Hey, Jrdan, ver here!” Jrdan’s best friend, Mahir, waved his hand, pinting t a crack in the side f the muntain. “We culd”可知，Jrdan、Mahir和Mahir的父亲聚集在山脚下，马希尔指着山边的一条裂缝，认为从那里可以爬上去。故选C项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后考虑到任务的难度，他寻找可能的地点。A. wrthwhile值得的；B. pssible可能的；C. unique独特的；D. immediate立即的。根据前文的“Jrdan tied his safety harness(系带) and checked his rpe. He weighed ne f them in his hand, determining its weight.(乔丹系好安全带，检查绳子。他在手里掂了掂其中的一个，确定它的重量)”和后文的“That crack is ___3___ narrw. I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”可知，Jrdan准备好攀爬后，寻找那条裂缝的可能的攀爬地点。故选B项。
33．考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：A. acceptable可接受的；B. classical经典的；C. amazingly令人惊奇的是；D. unbelievably难以置信地。根据后文的“I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”和后文的“It was nthing mre than a sliver in the slid face f the cliff.(它只不过是悬崖坚硬的表面上的一根银条)”可知，Jrdan得出的结论为“爬不上去”，那条裂缝就像悬崖坚硬的表面上的一根银条，所以窄得令人难以置信。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jrdan对这句外国谚语感到困惑，摇了摇头，仔细检查了裂缝。A. cnfusin困惑；B. awareness意识；C. understanding理解；D. appreciatin欣赏。根据前文的“Shaking his head”和后文“ver the freign prverb”可知，Jrdan摇了摇头，表明他没听懂，感到困惑。故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有到达目的地，那是因为你还不够努力。A. agreement协议；B. destinatin目的地；C. balance平衡；D. crack裂纹。根据前文的“If yu’re nt reaching the”和后文“yu’re nt trying hard enugh.”可知，因为你还不够努力，所以没有到达目的地，最后Jrdan他们努力到达了目的地山顶。故选B项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你要爬过你的阴影，爬过你的怀疑。A. shck震惊；B. pwer权力；C. dubt怀疑；D. struggle奋斗。根据前文的“I dn’t think we’d get up very high.”和“Climb a muntain, sn, and yu climb the insecurity in yur wn life. Yu climb ver yur shadw, climb ver yur”可知，父亲鼓励Jrdan勇敢前行，所以此处指爬过阴影，爬过怀疑。故选C项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是五年前，在那场夺走他父亲生命的车祸之前。A. accident事故；B. jurney旅程；C. event事件；D. trap陷阱。根据前文的“befre the autmbile”和后文“that tk his dad’s life”可知，Jrdan的父亲发生车祸去世了。故选A项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jrdan的父亲迅速转弯，有效地阻止了一辆汽车掉下悬崖。A. discuraged使泄气；B. cnnected连接；C. pulled拉；D. prevented阻止。根据前文的“Jrdan’s father swiftly turned his car”可知，Jrdan的父亲迅速转弯，从而阻止了一辆汽车掉下悬崖。故选D项。
39．考查动词短语辨析。句意：面对困境，Jrdan的父亲毫不犹豫地做出了决定。A. Agreed (with)同意；B. Faced (with)面对；C. Ended (with)以……结束；D. Gne (with)与……一起存在。根据前文的“Jrdan’s father swiftly turned his car and effectively ___8___ a car frm ging ver a cliff (悬崖). The sudden mve had saved the peple in that car. But his father’s car went ff a cliff.”可知，Jrdan的父亲迅速转弯，有效地阻止了一辆汽车掉下悬崖，可知他当时面对困境。故选B项。
40．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他集中精力保持平衡，深吸了一口气，开始往上爬。A. Cncentrating (n)集中注意力于；B. Depending (n)依靠；C. Mved (n)离开，继续前进；D. Carrying (n)继续。根据后文的“n his balance, he tk a deep breath and began t climb. Finally, they made it t the peak f the muntain”可知，他们到达了山顶，因为他集中精力保持平衡。故选A项。
Passage 1
Jeff Jensen was suffering frm painful nerve damage in his leg and ft. He needed surgery, but he dubted if he culd 1 it, even with insurance. “There’s nthing mre 2 than seeing a bill fr 18, 20, 24,000 dllars and ging,” said Jensen.
Luckily fr Jensen, his dctr is Demetri Aguila. The nerve specialist gives patients at his Healing Hands f Nebraska in Papillin the 3 t pay fr surgery thrugh cmmunity service instead f mney. He calls it M25 Prgram. At the heart f his visin was the simple 4 f peple helping peple.
Using an algrithm (算法) , the clinic calculates cmmunity service hurs based n the price f the surgery. In Jensen’s case, the $12,000 peratin equaled 560 hurs f 5 at ne f the lcal charitable rganizatins registered with the M25 Prgram. Jensen pted fr the cmmunity service. Since hundreds f hurs f cmmunity service wuld be 6 , Aguila encuraged thers t help, and he 7 invlved himself in it. “I had this hpe that we wuld rekindle (重新激起) the enthusiasm fr 8 in ur neighbrs and in urselves,” he tld CNN.
Jensen, whse surgery was cmpleted in February 2020, was helped by mre than 100 friends and strangers wh freely ffered t help at Orphan Grain Train, which dnates fd, clthing, and medicine natinally and glbally.
“We can’t 9 the peple in ur wn backyard,” said Aguila. “And we want t help mre peple like Jensen wh have lst hpe medically. If peple cme tgether t help ther peple, then ur cmmunity is 10 .”
1．A．buyB．affrdC．bkD．accept
2．A．depressingB．shamefulC．cnfusingD．dangerus
3．A．scheduleB．investmentC．instructinD．ptin
4．A．judgmentB．curisityC．beautyD．interest
5．A．helping utB．mving abutC．hanging arundD．wrking ut
6．A．excitingB．bringC．tughD．enjyable
7．A．evenB．almstC．stillD．rather
8．A．trainingB．understandingC．learningD．vlunteering
9．A．trubleB．cheatC．ignreD．hurt
10．A．servedB．liftedC．testedD．awarded
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，无法负担自己手术费的杰夫·詹森（Jeff Jensen）得到了来自M25项目的帮助。M25项目是由神经专家德米特里奥·阿吉拉（Demetri Aguila）创建的，他的病人可以选择通过社区服务而不是金钱来支付手术费用，他希望通过帮助别人，改善社会。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要做手术，但他怀疑自己是否负担得起，即使有保险。A. buy买；B. affrd负担得起；C. bk预定；D. accept接受。由上文的“He needed surgery, but he dubted if he culd”和下文“杰夫·詹森接受了M25项目的帮助，通过社区服务而不是金钱来支付手术费用”的内容可知，杰夫·詹森应该是没有足够的钱，but表转折，说明杰夫·詹森需要做手术，但怀疑自己是否负担得起手术费。故选B项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：詹森说：“没有什么比看到一张18000美元、20000美元或24000美元的账单付账更令人沮丧的了。”A. depressing令人沮丧的；B. shameful可耻的；C. cnfusing令人困惑的；D. dangerus危险的。由上文语境可知，需要做手术的杰夫·詹森怀疑自己是否负担得起手术费，所以看到高昂的手术费账单很沮丧。故选A项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位神经专家让内布拉斯加州帕皮利昂的病人可以选择通过社区服务而不是金钱来支付手术费用。A. schedule计划；B. investment投资；C. instructin指示；D. ptin选择。由下文的“t pay fr surgery thrugh cmmunity service instead f mney”和“Jensen pted fr the cmmunity service.”可知，怀疑自己是否负担得起手术费的杰夫·詹森选择了社区服务来支付手术费用，说明这位神经专家让病人可以选择通过社区服务而不是金钱来支付手术费用。故选D项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的愿景的核心是帮助他人的简单之美。A. judgment判断；B. curisity好奇；C. beauty美好的东西；D. interest兴趣。由下文的“peple helping peple”可知，帮助他人是一种美好的事情。故选C项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在詹森的案例中，这项价值1.2万美元的手术相当于在当地一家注册了M25项目的慈善组织提供560小时的帮助。A. helping ut帮助摆脱困境；B. mving abut频繁换工作、经常搬迁；C. hanging arund闲逛；D. wrking ut算出。由上文的“Using an algrithm (算法) , the clinic calculates cmmunity service hurs based n the price f the surgery.”和下文的“Aguila encuraged thers t help”可知，诊所使用一种算法，根据手术价格计算社区服务时间，结合常识可知，社区服务是免费为他人提供帮助的，且神经专家阿吉拉鼓励其他人提供帮助，可得出价值1.2万美元的手术相当于提供560小时的社区服务帮助。故选A项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于数百小时的社区服务将是艰难的，阿吉拉鼓励其他人提供帮助，他甚至亲自参与其中。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. bring无聊的；C. tugh艰难的；D. enjyable愉快的。由上文的“Since hundreds f hurs f cmmunity service”可知，数百小时的社区服务时间太长了，所以此处应该是指完成它是艰难的。故选C项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于数百小时的社区服务将是艰难的，阿吉拉鼓励其他人提供帮助，他甚至亲自参与其中。A. even甚至；B. almst几乎；C. still仍然；D. rather相当地。由上文的“Since hundreds f hurs f cmmunity service wuld be 6 , Aguila encuraged thers t help”可知，神经专家阿吉拉鼓励其他人提供帮助，但完成数百小时的社区服务时间很艰难，阿吉拉为了扩散帮助他人的简单之美，甚至亲身上阵、做出榜样，even强调出乎意料。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉CNN：“我有这个希望，我们会重新点燃邻居和我们自己的志愿工作热情。”A. training训练；B. understanding理解；C. learning学习；D. vlunteering自愿做。由上文的“The nerve specialist gives patients at his Healing Hands f Nebraska in Papillin the 3 t pay fr surgery thrugh cmmunity service instead f mney.”和“the clinic calculates cmmunity service hurs based n the price f the surgery”结合常识可知，社区服务是免费为他人提供帮助的，这是一种志愿服务，阿吉拉认为他的这项举措会让人们重新点燃志愿工作热情。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们不能忽视自家后院的人（即同胞），”阿吉拉说。A. truble麻烦；B. cheat欺骗；C. ignre忽视；D. hurt伤害。由下文的“And we want t help mre peple like Jensen wh have lst hpe medically.”可知，阿吉拉帮助像詹森这样在医学上失去希望的人，说明阿吉拉认为我们不能忽视自己的同胞。故选C项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们团结起来帮助其他人，那么我们的社会就会得到提升。A. served服务；B. lifted提升；C. tested测试；D. awarded奖励。由上文的“If peple cme tgether t help ther peple”可知，阿吉拉认为如果人人都去帮助他人，社会就会变得美好，得到提升/改善。故选B项。
Passage 2
One windy spring day, I bserved yung peple having fun flying their kites. Multiclred creatins, varius shapes and sizes filled the skies like beautiful birds darting and dancing. As the strng wind blew against the kites, a 11 kept them in check.
Instead f blwing away with the wind, they arse against it t achieve great 12 . They shk and pulled, but the restraining string and the cumbersme tail kept them in tw, facing upwards and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed t be saying, “Let me g! Let me g! I want t be 13 !” They sared beautifully even as they fught the cntrl f the string. Finally, ne f the kites 14 in breaking lse frm it. Free at last, it seemed t say, “Free t fly with the wind.” Yet freedm frm restraint simply put it at the 15 f the unsympathetic wind. It drpped ungracefully t the grund and landed in a mass f weeds. Free at last, free t 16 pwerless, and t be blwn helpless alng the grund, and t ldge lifeless against the first bstructin.
17 like kites we smetimes are! Life gives us adversity(逆境), 18 and rules t fllw frm which we can gain strength. Restraint is a necessary ppnent t the winds f ppsitin. We can never rise high enugh t achieve ur gals if we lse ur necessary 19 r the rules.
Let each f us rise t great heights, 20 that sme f the restraints that we may chafe under(因…而感到恼怒) are actually the steady frce that helps us ascend and achieve.
11．A．beltB．stringC．wireD．fabric
12．A．weightsB．lengthsC．depthsD．heights
13．A．dependentB．beautifulC．freeD．strng
14．A．triedB．succeededC．failedD．managed
15．A．mercyB．riskC．sightD．expense
16．A．sitB．layC．standD．lie
17．A．Hw manyB．Hw muchC．Hw cmeD．Hw lng
18．A．hpesB．dreamsC．ambitinD．restrictins
19．A．ppnentsB．friendsC．assistantsD．supprters
20．A．rganizingB．admittingC．recgnizingD．recmmending
【答案】
11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者看到年轻人放风筝的一幕情景，风筝越飞越高，却有那根风筝线的牵引，似于风筝想挣脱那根线的束缚，想飞得更高，但一旦真的成了断线的风筝，结果就会掉进草丛或者折断在树上。失去活力。此作者联想到人生，人们拼命想获得自由，不想没到任何牵绊，但殊不知必要的束缚其实能使自己走得更远。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当强风吹向风筝时，一根绳子把它们控制住了。A. belt带子； B. string绳子；C. wire线；D. fabric 纤维。根据“ but the restraining string and the cumbersme tail kept them in tw”可知，绳子控制着风筝。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们不是被风吹走，而是顶着风上升到很高的地方。A. weights重量； B.lengths长度；C.depths深度；D. heights高度。根据“they arse”可知，风筝飞得很高。故选D。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想要自由!A.dependent依赖的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. free自由的；D.strng强壮的。根据“Let me g!”可知，风筝想要自由。故选C。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，一只风筝成功地挣脱了它。A. tried尝试；B. succeeded成功 ；C. failed失败；D. managed成功。根据“Free at last,”可知，风筝成功挣脱。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，不受约束的自由只会让它任由无情的风摆布。A. mercy同情； B. risk风险；C. sight视力；D. expense花费。根据“the unsympathetic wind.”可知，任由风摆布，at the mercy f表示“任由...摆布”，故选A。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：终于自由了，可以毫无力量地躺在地上，被风吹得毫无力量，碰到第一个障碍物就死在地上。A. sit坐着；B. lay摆放；C. stand站着；D. lie躺着。根据“and t be blwn helpless alng the grund”可知，脱线的风筝可以毫无力量的躺在地上。故选D。
17．考查疑问词义辨析。句意：我们有时多么像风筝啊!A. Hw many多少个；B. Hw much多么；C. Hw cme怎么回事；D. Hw lng 多长。根据“like kites we smetimes are”可知，我们非常像风筝。故选B。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活给了我们逆境，限制和规则，我们可以从中获得力量。A. hpes希望；B. dreams梦想；C. ambitin志向；D. restrictins限制。根据“and rules t fllw ”可知，这是生活给我们限制。故选D。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们失去了必要的对手或规则，我们就永远无法达到我们的目标。A. ppnents对手；B. friends朋友；C. assistants助手；D. supprters支持者。根据“We can never rise high enugh t achieve ur gals”可知，失去对手无法达到目标。故选A。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们每个人都飞到高处，认识到有些可能会让我们恼火的约束，实际上是帮助我们上升和实现目标的稳定力量。A. rganizing阻止；B. admitting承认；C. recgnizing认出；D. recmmending推荐。根据“that sme f the restraints that we may chafe under(因…而感到恼怒) are actually the steady frce that helps us ascend and achieve.”可知，意识到让我们恼火的约束，实际上是帮助我们上升和实现目标的稳定力量。故选C。
【2024北京卷】
I was always timid (羞怯的). Being new t the schl made me even 1 , s it was surprising I’d 2 t anyne arund me. Nw I was paying the price — t write a five-page essay n “Why I Shuld Nt Talk in Class”. That wuld take all night!
After I gt hme, thugh. I tk my time petting the cat-pstpning the pain.
When I finally sat dwn t 3 , I began with the reasns Ms. Black wuld want t hear.
Talking kept me and my neighburs frm 4 . One paragraph dwn; nw what? I chewed n my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step twards life as a criminal? Withut the educatin I was thrwing away, I’d turn t theft and g t prisn. When I gt ut, peple wuld say, “She used t talk in class.” The pages began 5 .
But when mum gt hme frm wrk, I was still 6 , “Five pages! That’s impssible!”
“Well, yu’d better get back t wrk,” she said. “and I want t read it when yu’re thrugh.”
Sn after dinner, I handed the essay t mum. I half expected a 7 — at least an “I hpe yu’ve learned yur lessn”. 8 , mum laughed and laughed as she read.
The next day, when Ms. Black read the essay t the class, everyne laughed. I culd 9 they weren’t making fun f me: they laughed because I had the pwer t tell a funny stry. My 10 still needed sme nudging (激发), but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.
1．A．freerB．shyerC．calmerD．happier
2．A．ndB．pintC．listenD．chat
3．A．weepB．restC．writeD．read
4．A．learningB．playingC．planningD．laughing
5．A．standing utB．flying byC．breaking upD．checking in
6．A．celebratingB．lngingC．cmplainingD．warning
7．A．lectureB．reasnC．rewardD．slutin
8．A．TherefreB．MreverC．MeanwhileD．Instead
9．A．hpeB．imagineC．tellD．predict
10．A．patienceB．cnfidenceC．tleranceD．independence
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者很害羞，刚来到新学校后更加害羞，不爱说话。于是老师让作者写一篇五页的“我为什么不应该在课上讲话”的文章。作者写的文章很搞笑，第二天当老师在课堂上读作者的文章时，同学们都笑了起来。
1．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：初来乍到使我更加害羞，所以我应该和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人惊讶的。A. freer更自由的；B. shyer更害羞的；C. calmer更冷静的；D. happier更高兴的。由上文“I was always timid(羞怯的)”和“even”可知，前后是程度的加深，我很害羞，所以刚到新学校更加害羞了，故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：初来乍到使我更加害羞，所以我应该和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人惊讶的。A. nd点头；B. pint指；C. listen听；D. chat闲聊。由下文“Nw I was paying the price﹣t write a five﹣page essay n “Why I Shuld Nt Talk in Class”.(现在我在付出代价——就“我为什么不应该在班里说话”写一篇五页的文章)”和“I began with the reasns Ms Black wuld want t hear.”可知，布莱克老师想知道我为什么不在班里说话的原因，由此可知，当老师想让我和同学们说话时，我认为要我和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人惊讶的，故选D。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于坐下来开始写作时，我首先说出了布莱克老师想听的理由。A. weep哭泣；B. rest休息；C. write写；D. read读。由上文“t write a five﹣page essay n “Why I Shuld Nt Talk in Class””可知，此处write是同词复现，我开始写这篇五页的文章，故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：谈话使我和我的邻桌不能学习。A. learning学习；B. playing玩；C. planning计划；D. laughing笑。由上文“Nw I was paying the price﹣t write a five﹣page essay n “Why I Shuld Nt Talk in Class”. That wuld take all night!”和“I began with the reasns Ms Black wuld want t hear.”可知，现在我要写一篇五页的文章，那要花费我一晚上，所以说和邻桌谈话会阻止我和邻居学习，且以谈话会妨碍学习来解释，说明自己爱学习，这也是老师愿意听到的，故选A。
5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：书页开始飞逝。A. standing ut突出；B. flying by飞越；飞逝；C. breaking up分手；D. checking in登记。由上文“Withut the educatin I was thrwing away, I’d turn t theft and g t prisn. When I gt ut, peple wuld say, “She used t talk in class.””可知，我开始写出很多内容，所以此处用fly by来说明我很快写出了很多页，故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当妈妈下班回家的时候，我仍然在抱怨，“五页！这不可能！”A. celebrating庆祝；B. lnging渴望；C. cmplaining抱怨；D. warning警告。由下文““Five pages! That’s impssible!””可知，我认为我不可能写完这五页的内容，所以在抱怨，故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有点期待得到一种说教——至少一句“我希望你已经吸取了教训”。A. lecture说教；B. reasn原因；C. reward奖励；D. slutin解决办法。由下文“at least an “I hpe yu’ve learned yur lessn”.”可知，“我希望你已经吸取了教训”这是一种说教，故选A。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，妈妈一边读一边笑。A. Therefre因此；B. Mrever此外；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Instead代替；反而。前后句子“I half expected a______7____﹣at least an “I hpe yu’ve learned yur lessn”.”和“mum laughed and laughed as she read.”内容相反，应用instead，我本期待得到妈妈的奖励，然而妈妈非但没有奖励，反而在读我的文章时一边读一边笑，故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能判断出他们不是在取笑我：他们笑是因为我有能力讲一个有趣的故事。A. hpe希望；B. imagine想象；C. tell告诉；看出，判断出；区分；D. predict预计。由下文“they weren’t making fun f me: they laughed because I had the pwer t tell a funny stry.”可知，我能判断出来，他们笑是因为我讲的故事搞笑，而不是在取笑我，故选C。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自信心仍然需要一些推动，但我确实学到了我在写作的时候并不害羞。A. patience耐心；B. cnfidence自信；C. tlerance忍受；D. independence独立。由下文“still needed sme nudging(激发), but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.”和第一段提到的我很害羞可知，我的自信心不足，需要一些推动，故选B。
【2022北京卷】
One Mnday mrning, while the children were enjying “free play”, I stepped t the drway f the classrm t take a break. Suddenly, I ____1____ a mvement f the heavy wden dr. This was the very dr I ____2____ guided the children thrugh t ensure their safety frm the bitter cld. I felt a chill (寒意) g thrugh my bdy.
My legs carried me t that dr, and I pushed it pen. It was ne f my kindergarteners wh I thught was ____3____ that day. He had been drpped ff at schl late and was ____4____ t pen the dr.
He must have been waiting there fr quite a while! Withut a wrd, I rushed him t the hspital. He was treated fr frstbite n his hands. He’d need time t ____5____ , and wuldn’t cme fr class the next day, I thught.
The next mrning, ne f the first t ____6____ was my little frstbitten by. Nt nly did he run in with energy, but his ____7____ culd be heard as lud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and tld him hw ____8____ I was t see him. His wrds have stayed with me all these years, “I knew yu wuld pen the dr.”
That cld Mnday mrning, he waited a lng, lng while fr adults t ____9____. T a child, every minute feels like frever. He didn’t attempt t walk back hme; he waited and trusted. This five-year-ld taught me a pwerful lessn in _____10_____ .
1. A. causedB. spttedC. checkedD. imagined
2. A. hesitantlyB. randmlyC. dizzilyD. carefully
3. A. angryB. absentC. specialD. nisy
4. A. curageusB. cntentC. unableD. unwilling
5. A. recverB. playC. changeD. wait
6. A. settleB. gatherC. arriveD. react
7. A. sneezeB. weepC. cmplaintD. laughter
8. A. luckyB. happyC. curiusD. nervus
9. A. shw upB. pull upC. hld upD. line up
10. A. gratitudeB. frgivenessC. faithD. kindness
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开们，于是大冬天的在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。
1.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A. caused引起、使发生；B. sptted看见、注意到；C. checked检查、核对；D. imagined想象。根据后面的“a mvement f the heavy wden dr.”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spt符合语境。故选B项。
2.【解析】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过，以确保他们不受严寒侵袭的门。A. hesitantly迟疑地、踌躇地；B. randmly随机地；C. dizzily头晕眼花地；D. carefully小心地、谨慎地。根据后面的“t ensure their safety frm the bitter cld.”可知，要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭，说明是小心翼翼地领着孩子们通过，carefully符合语境。故选D项。
3.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来。A. angry生气的、愤怒的；B. absent缺席的、不在的；C. special特殊的、特别的；D. nisy嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的“He had been drpped ff at schl late and was ____4____ t pen the dr.”可知，是小男孩来晚了，又开不了门，所以老师以为他没来，此处absent符合语境。故选B项
4.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到学校，打不开门。A. curageus勇敢的；B. cntent满足的、满意的；C. unable无法胜任的、不会的；D. unwilling不愿意的。根据上文的“the heavy wden dr.”和下文的“He must have been waiting there fr quite a while!”可知，门很重，小男孩打不开，所以才在门外等了很久，此处指“打不开门”，unable符合语境。故选C项
5.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了。A. recver恢复、康复；B. play玩闹、戏弄；C. change改变；D. wait等待。根据前面的“He was treated fr frstbite n his hands.”可知，小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recver符合语境。故选A项。
6.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A. settle解决、定居；B. gather聚集、召集；C. arrive到达；D. react反应。根据下文“Nt nly did he run in with energy,”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用arrive。故选C项
7.【解析】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不仅精力充沛地跑了进来，而且他的笑声还像以前一样响亮！A. sneeze打喷嚏；B. weep哭泣；C. cmplaint抱怨；D. laughter笑声。根据前面的“Nt nly did he run in with energy”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明身体恢复好了，结合后面的“culd be heard as lud as ever”可知，此处应指“笑声和以前一样响亮”，laughter符合语境。故选D项
8.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给了他一个温暖的拥抱，告诉他我很高兴见到他。A. lucky幸运的；B. happy开心的、幸福的；C. curius好奇的；D. nervus紧张的、担忧的。根据上文“He’d need time t ____5____ , and wuldn’t cme fr class the next day, I thught.”可知，作者以为小男孩不会来学校，所以看到小男孩的时候，应该是开心的，happy符合语境。故选B项
9.【解析】
考查短语辨析。句意：在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现。A. shw up露面，出现；B. pull up拔起、停下来；C. hld up举起、阻挡；D. line up排队。根据上下文语义可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用shw up符合语境。故选A项
10.【解析】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个五岁的孩子给我上了一堂关于信念的有力的课。A. gratitude感激；B. frgiveness宽恕；C. faith信任、信念；D. kindness善良、仁慈。根据前面“He didn’t attempt t walk back hme; he waited and trusted.”可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，却没有试图回家，说明小男孩有很强的的信念，故此处指老师从小男孩身上学到了一些关于信念的东西，此处指“关于信念的课”，faith符合语境。故选C项
【2021北京卷】
Recently，I tk a trip hme by train．I gt a seat ppsite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，wh kept____1____a yung wman in a windw seat with a little by n her lap．The wman's eye fell n the man's face，and she immediately lked dwn and____2____her scarf．
As the night wre n，peple began t clse their eyes，but the seats were s uncmfrtable that nly a very heavy sleeper culd manage t get any____3____．The wman lked ver at the man．He was still staring at her．She lked back at him with fire in her eyes．I was beginning t get____4____，t．
The train mved n．The little by was ____5____ awake n his mther's lap，but the wman drpped ff t sleep．A mment later，he began t____6____the half-pen windw—ne leg went ver it．The man jumped up and ____7____the child just befre he fell ut．
The____8____ wke up the wman．She seemed t be in____9____，and then reality dawned （显现）．“Yur child has been lking fr an pprtunity t climb ut f the windw，”the man said as he gave the child back t her. ．“S I have been watching the whle time．”The wman was _____10_____，and s was I．
1. A. guidingB. btheringC. watchingD. mnitring
2. A. adjustedB. changedC. packedD. waved
3. A. airB. jyC. spaceD. rest
4. A. nervusB. embarrassedC. angryD. disappinted
5. A. almstB. stillC. hardlyD. even
6. A. dragB. climbC. knckD. push
7. A. grabbedB. rckedC. tuchedD. picked
8. A. alarmB. quarrelC. riskD. nise
9. A. srrwB. reliefC. panicD. pain
10. A. astnishedB. cnfusedC. cncernedD. inspired
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了火车上一位男子救下了爬上窗户的顽皮孩子的善举，最初孩子的母亲因为男子总是盯着他们，对男子的第一印象不好，而最后得知原因十分惊讶。故事告诉我们很多事情不能只看表面。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在一位中年男子对面的座位上，他目光敏锐，一直在注视着一位坐在靠窗座位上的年轻女子，她的腿上坐着一个小男孩。A. guiding 带领；B. bthering 打扰；C. watching 看着； D. mnitring监控。根据上文“with sharp eyes”（有着敏锐的目光）以及下文第二段“He was still staring at her．”（他仍然盯着她看。）可知，中年男子一直在看着女子，故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女人的目光落在了男人的脸上，她立刻低下头，整理了一下围巾。A. adjusted 调整；B. changed改变； C. packed 包装 ；D. waved 挥动，根据空格处and 前的动词低下头和空格后的围巾，可知女人因为感到尴尬而低头故意整理围巾，故选A。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜渐渐深了，人们开始闭上眼睛，但座位太不舒服了，只有睡得很沉的人才能设法休息。A. air 空气；B. jy 娱乐；C. space 空间；D. rest 休息。根据空格前点明时间是夜晚了和后面睡得很沉的人，可知是为了获得一些休息。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也开始生气了。 A. nervus 紧张的；B. embarrassed 尴尬的；C. angry生气的；D. disappinted 失望的。根据with fire in her eyes以及空格后t，可知“我”和女人的情绪是一样愤怒生气的，故选C。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：小男孩躺在妈妈的腿上还醒着，但是妈妈已经睡着了。A. almst 几乎；B. still 仍然；C. hardly几乎不；D. even甚至。根据but the wman drpped ff t sleep，可知母亲已经睡着，男孩是醒着的，推断出来是仍然醒着的。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，他开始爬上半开着的窗户——一条腿跨过了窗户。A. drag拖拉；B. climb 爬上；C. knck敲打；D. push推动。根据空格后ne leg went ver it，可知小孩是在爬窗户，脚才迈了出去，故选B。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在孩子掉下去之前，那人跳起来抓住了他。A. grabbed 抓着；B. rcked 摇晃；C. tuched 接触；D. picked挑选。根据befre he fell ut可知，男人跳起来是为了阻止孩子掉下去，所以要抓住他，故选A。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：噪音把那个女人吵醒了。A. alarm 闹钟；B. quarrel吵架；C. risk 风险；D. nise噪音。根据上文The man jumped up and grabbed the child just befre he fell ut可知，男人和孩子一定是弄出了很大的动静和声音，故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她似乎在恐慌，然后明白过来。A. srrw悲伤；B. relief减轻；C. panic恐慌； D. pain痛苦。根据上文可知，女人一醒来看到男人抓着自己的孩子，女人对男人的印象不好，因此作为母亲一定是很恐慌的，故选C。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女人很惊讶，我也很惊讶。A. astnished惊讶；B. cnfused 困惑的；C. cncerned 关心的；D. inspired受到鼓舞的。根据空格前的对话“Yur child has been lking fr an pprtunity t climb ut f the windw，”the man said as he gave the child back t her..“S I have been watching the whle time.”(“你的孩子一直在找机会爬出窗户，”男人说着把孩子还给了她。“所以我一直在看。”),可知女人对男人的印象不好，但是男人却救了他们的孩子，所以最后女人是感到意外和惊讶的，故选A。
【2020北京卷】
My faith in human nature has never been s great as it was last weekend after ur family get-tgether in the twn f Vail.
On Saturday, we all went t the market right in the middle f the twn. Near the end, we all____11____at the funtain near the bridge, and the kids waded（蹚水）arund in the funtain until we____12____. This is ne f the busiest walking streets.
After we returned t the htel late in the afternn, my 7-year-ld sn Pnder____13____that nwhere culd he find his backpack, which____14____his Gameby and his watch. After a thrugh____15____we determined that he must have left it at the funtain.
Pnder has never____16____anything. S we just take fr granted that he needs n supervisin（指导）fr managing his____17____.
He was upset, nt abut the Gameby, but abut the watch. "But Dad," he said, thrugh massive____18____, "they dn't make that kind f watch anymre." We were all very____19____.
Our dinner reservatin was at a restaurant just n the ther side f the bridge, s I_____20_____him that we wuld nt nly search the area arund the funtain when we went back fr dinner, but we wuld als find the plice and ask them if the backpack had been_____21_____.
As we exited frm the parking garage, we culd see the funtain as we walked dwn the lng staircase. I saw smething black_____22_____there, but it was right next t a wman standing by the funtain, s I culd nt_____23_____what it was r if it was hers.
"See it, Dad?" Pnder shuted. "Dn't get t_____24_____because that may nt be it," I said. But that was it. It had been five r six hurs since we left the funtain, and it was_____25_____there. There was n ID in it, and it lked like smene had lked thrugh it and then set it right ut where all culd_____26_____it.
I literally_____27_____when we reached it and it was his！Everyne in ur party was blwn away by this "miracle（奇迹）". In my wildest_____28_____, I wuld never have imagined that this culd happen nwadays.
What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect_____29_____fr a child in lsing smething imprtant…t lse it and feel the full_____30_____f that lss, and then t miraculusly get it back.
11. A. drveB. hikedC. metD. united
12. A. landedB. leftC. settledD. slept
13. A. respndedB. recgnizedC. realisedD. recalled
14. A. cntainedB. cmbinedC. cmprisedD. cvered
15. A. preparatinB. checkupC. revisinD. search
16. A. wastedB. lstC. sughD. deserted
17. A. emtinB. timeC. mneyD. stuff
18. A. tearsB. fistsC. reliefsD. utbreaks
19. A. hesitantB. curiusC. sadD. eager
20. A. prmisedB. infrmedC. warnedD. taught
21. A. wrn utB. caught upC. put awayD. turned in
22. A. hidingB. sittingC. swingingD. flwing
23. A. assessB. declareC. tellD. predict
24. A. excitedB. puzzledC. relaxedD. amused
25. A. alreadyB. evenC. almstD. still
26. A. takeB. seeC. tuchD. prtect
27. A. panickedB. expldedC. cllapsedD. cried
28. A. dreamsB. claimsC. effrtsD. passins
29. A. mdeB. lessnC. ptinD. plt
30. A. rangeB. pressureC. weightD. harvest
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿子丢失背包，五六个小时过后，背包在丢失的地方被找到了，这让作者真正意识到了人性信仰的伟大。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快结束时，我们都在桥边的喷泉边集合，孩子们在喷泉里涉水，直到我们离开。A. drve开车；B. hiked徒步旅行；C. met遇见、集合；D. united团结。由上文的we all went t the market right in the middle f the twn可知，作者一家去了市中心的集市，集市会很拥挤繁忙，作者一家人容易走散，所以约定好在桥边的喷泉边集合。故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快结束时，我们都在桥边的喷泉边集合，孩子们在喷泉里涉水，直到我们离开。A. landed着陆；B. left离开；C. settled定居；D. slept睡觉。由上文的Near the end可知，作者一家要结束今天行程了，此处指孩子在喷泉里涉水，直到他们离开。故选B项。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午晚些时候我们回到酒店后，我7岁的儿子庞德意识到，他找不到他的背包，里面包含（装）着他的游戏机和手表。A. respnded回答；B. recgnized认出；C. realised意识到；D. recalled回忆。由下文的nwhere culd he find his backpack和下文到处找背包可知，庞德意识到他找不到他的背包了。故选C项。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午晚些时候我们回到酒店后，我7岁的儿子庞德意识到，他找不到他的背包，里面包含（装）着他的游戏机和手表。A. cntained包含；B. cmbined结合；C. cmprised包括；D. cvered覆盖。cntain 指所涉及的物体常常是其组成部分或内容，强调包容关系，既可指具体有形的东西，也可指抽象无形的东西；cmprise暗指一个整体包括不同部分所组成，强调“由许多部分构成一个整体”。由本处语境可知，庞德找不到他的背包，背包里包含他的游戏机和手表，背包和游戏机及手表不是一个整体，是包容关系，应用cntain。故选A项。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过彻底搜查，我们断定他一定是把它落在喷泉边了。A. preparatin准备；B. checkup检查；C. revisin修订；D. search搜寻。由下文的we determined that he must have left it at the funtain可知，作者他们断定庞德一定是把它落在喷泉边了，说明他们肯定经过了彻底搜查。故选D项。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：庞德从未丢失过任何东西。A. wasted浪费；B. lst丢失；C. sugh作沙沙声；D. deserted抛弃。由下文语境可知，作者他们认为庞德不需要人来监督管理自己的东西，是因为庞德从未丢失过任何东西，他们相信庞德，才不监督管理庞德的东西，前后句是因果关系。故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我们就想当然地认为他不需要人来监督管理他的东西。A. emtin情绪；B. time时间；C. mney金钱；D. stuff东西。由上文语境可知，庞德从未丢失过任何东西，作者他们相信庞德，所以他们才不监督管理庞德的东西。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“但是爸爸，”他流眼泪说，他们不再做那种手表了。A. tears眼泪；B. fists拳头；C. reliefs放松；D. utbreaks暴发。由上文的He was upset和下文的they dn't make that kind f watch anymre可知，庞德很难过，因为这种手表不再生产，他难过的流眼泪了。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都很伤心。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. curius好奇的；C. sad悲伤的；D. eager渴望的。由上文语境可知，庞德难过的流眼泪了，作为父母的作者，肯定也感到伤心。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们预订的晚餐就在桥对面的一家餐馆，所以我承诺他，我们回去吃晚饭时，不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察，问他们背包有没有上交。A. prmised承诺；B. infrmed通知；C. warned警告；D. taught教。由下文的we wuld nt nly search the area arund the funtain when we went back fr dinner, but we wuld als find the plice and ask them if the backpack had been____11__可知，作者承诺了庞德他们会尽力寻找背包，不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们预订的晚餐就在桥对面的一家餐馆，所以我承诺他，我们回去吃晚饭时，不仅要搜查喷泉周围的区域，而且还要找到警察，问他们背包有没有上交。A. wrn ut磨损；B. caught up赶上；C. put away收起；D. turned in上交。由上文的but we wuld als find the plice可知，作者找警察是想问有没有人把背包上交到警察局。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看见一个黑色的东西被放在那里，但它就在一个站在喷泉旁边的女人旁边，所以我不知道那是什么东西，也不能分辨是不是她的。A. hiding躲藏；B. sitting被放在；C. swinging摇摆；D. flwing流动。由下文的it was right next t a wman standing by the funtain可知，黑色的东西在站在喷泉旁边的女人旁边，此处指一个黑色的东西被放在喷泉那儿。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看见一个黑色的东西被放在那里，但它就在一个站在喷泉旁边的女人旁边，所以我不知道那是什么东西，也不能分辨是不是她的。A. assess评价；B. declare宣布；C. tell分辨；D. predict预料。由上文的it was right next t a wman standing by the funtain可知，被放在喷泉那儿的黑色的东西就在站在喷泉旁边的女人旁边，作者无法分辨黑色的东西是不是女人的。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要太激动，因为可能不是你的背包。A. excited兴奋的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. relaxed放松的；D. amused好笑的。由上文的"See it, Dad?" Pnder shuted可知，庞德看到一个黑色的东西被放在喷泉那儿，大叫起来，说明他很兴奋。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们离开喷泉已经有五六个小时了，背包还在那儿。A. already已经；B. even甚至；C. almst几乎；D. still仍然、还。由下文的when we reached it and it was his可知，作者他们找到了背包，说明五六个小时过后，背包还在喷泉那儿。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面没有身份证，看上去好像有人看过，然后把它放在所有人都能看到的地方。A. take拿；B. see看；C. tuch摸；D. prtect保护。由上文的There was n ID in it和then set it right ut可知，包里没有身份证，有人把身份证放在外面，是为了让人看到，辨认身份。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的哭了，当我们到达它那里，黑色的东西是他的！A. panicked恐慌；B. explded爆炸；C. cllapsed坍塌；D. cried哭。由上文语境可知，作者从未相信人性信仰的伟大，发现五六个小时过后，背包还在喷泉那儿，没人拿走，这简直是个奇迹，作者感动得哭了。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我最疯狂的梦里，我从来没有想到现在会发生这种事。A. dreams梦想；B. claims声明；C. effrts努力；D. passins热情。由上文语境和下文的I wuld never have imagined that this culd happen nwadays可知，五六个小时过后，背包还在喷泉那儿，没人拿走，这简直是个奇迹，作者做梦都未想到这种事会发生。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信这是一个完美的教训，让孩子失去重要的东西……失去它，感受失去的全部重量，然后奇迹般地找回它。A. mde模式；B. lessn教训；C. ptin选择；D. plt情节。由下文语境可知，让孩子失去重要的东西，感受失去的全部重量，然后奇迹般地找回它，这可以给孩子一个教训（让孩子珍视自己拥有的东西）。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信这是一个完美的教训，让孩子失去重要的东西……失去它，感受失去的全部重量，然后奇迹般地找回它。A. range范围；B. pressure压力；C. weight重量；D. harvest收获。由上文语境可知，庞德丢失背包后，难过得哭了，说明这种失去的“重量”让他无法承受，所以他伤心。故选C项。
目录
01 模拟基础练
02 重难创新练（阅读理解创新题）
03 真题实战练