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      高考英语二轮-完形填空(语篇层次题)(题型专练)(全国通用)(教师版)

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      这是一份高考英语二轮-完形填空(语篇层次题)(题型专练)(全国通用)(教师版),共68页。
      题型简介
      在高考英语完形填空中,语篇层次题是考查学生能否从整体篇章的宏观角度理解文章、把握逻辑、推断主旨和作者意图的最高阶题型。它要求学生跳出句子甚至段落的局限,将全文视为一个有机整体,理解其内在的主题脉络、情感走向、结构布局和逻辑闭环。攻克此类题目,是完形填空取得高分(乃至满分)的关键,也是衡量学生英语阅读思维深度和广度的核心标尺。
      设题类型&解题思路
      考向01 根据首尾/前后文呼应选词
      题型核心:考查文章结构的完整性与内容的首尾呼应、前后一致。正确答案往往与文章开头提出的主题、观点、问题,或结尾总结的结论、升华的情感形成直接或间接的呼应。
      常见设题位置:
      文章结尾处的空格,其答案常与文章开头或标题相呼应,起到点题、升华或给出结论的作用。
      文章中间段落的关键词,可能与全文主旨或另一段落的核心描述形成复现或同义替换。
      解题技巧:
      首段定调:精读首段,明确文章的话题(Tpic)、主旨(Main Idea)及作者的初始态度。
      尾段收官:重点阅读尾段,理解作者如何总结、呼吁或升华主题。
      寻找闭环:将选项代入后,检查其是否能与开头形成巧妙呼应,或使结尾的结论水到渠成,构成一个完整的逻辑圆环。
      示例模型:
      首段:In a wrld bsessed with speed and efficiency, we ften verlk the value f slwness. (在一个痴迷速度和效率的世界,我们常忽视“慢”的价值。)
      ...
      尾段:Perhaps, the greatest wisdm lies nt in ding things faster, but in having the curage t embrace the ___ f a slwer, mre deliberate life. (或许,最大的智慧不在于做得更快,而在于有勇气拥抱一种更缓慢、更从容的生活的___。)
      选项:A. chas (混乱) B. rhythm (节奏) C. cst (代价) D. mystery (神秘)
      解析:文章开头提出“慢的价值”,结尾进行总结升华。空格处需要概括“缓慢、从容生活”的特点,且与开头“value f slwness”正向呼应。B. rhythm(节奏) 最符合,它体现了“慢生活”内在的、积极的韵律感,与“价值”形成呼应,使文章首尾圆合。
      考向02 根据文章发展脉络选词
      题型核心:考查对文章逻辑推进、情节发展或情感变化全过程的把握。空格处是这条“线索链”上的关键一环,需要根据故事如何开始、发展、转折、结束来推断。
      线索特征:
      情节脉络:在记叙文中,体现为事件的起因、经过(可能包含波折)、高潮、结果。
      论证脉络:在议论文中,体现为提出观点、提供论据(正反)、进行论证、得出结论。
      情感/态度脉络:作者或主人公的情感随时间或事件发展而发生变化(如:平静→惊讶→困惑→反思→释然)。
      解题技巧:
      线索地图法:快速通读全文,用简单的词语或箭头标记出核心事件的发展阶段或作者情感的几个关键转折点。
      定位与匹配:确定空格处于哪个阶段(如:是“出现问题后”还是“解决方案前”?是“态度转变前”还是“转变后”?)。
      顺承逻辑:选择最能顺承上文发展、并合理引出下文的选项,确保填入后,整条脉络流畅自然。
      示例模型:
      (Para 1) 作者最初对公开演讲充满恐惧。
      (Para 2) 经过多次练习和失败,他取得了一点进步,但依然紧张。
      (Para 3) 在一次关键演讲前,他采用了新的心理方法。上台后,他惊讶地发现自己不再关注观众的反应,而是沉浸在要分享的___中。
      选项:A. stry (故事) B. message (信息) C. technique (技巧) D. judgment (评判)
      解析:本文脉络是“恐惧→练习→采用新方法→演讲状态改变”。新方法让他从关注外部(观众反应)转向关注演讲的内部核心。作为演讲者,最核心的是要传递的“信息”或“内容”。B. message(信息) 最符合情节从“外”向“内”发展的逻辑,也是演讲的根本目的。
      考向03 根据熟词生义选词
      题型核心:考查学生对常见词汇在特定语境下的引申义、比喻义或专业义的掌握。所考单词本身是“熟词”,但在文中使用的含义却是学生相对陌生的“生义”。
      词汇特点:
      基础词汇(如:heavy, light, run, break, sharp等)在具体语境中产生的非常用义。
      名词动用、形容词动用等转化。
      固定短语在特定上下文中的灵活变体或隐喻用法。
      解题技巧:
      警惕字面陷阱:遇到简单词汇时,切莫直接代入最常见含义。
      语境定义法:彻底忽略其熟知的含义,完全依赖上下文来重新定义这个词。问自己:“在这个句子里,这个位置需要一个表示什么概念或动作的词?”
      代入验证:将选项的“生义”代入后,看是否能使所在句子语义通顺,且与上下文逻辑严丝合缝。
      示例模型:
      After years f research, the scientist finally fund the ___ piece f evidence that supprted her grundbreaking thery.
      选项:A. missing (丢失的) B. key (关键的) C. final (最后的) D. heavy (重的)
      解析:很多学生知道“heavy”表示“重的”。但在这里,“the heavy piece f evidence”是一个地道表达,heavy引申为“有分量的”、“决定性的”、“强有力的”,与“key”近义,但更强调其证明力的强大和不容置疑。如果仅知道“重的”这个意思,则无法理解。此处选择D. heavy(有分量的)更符合科学发现语境下对“决定性证据”的描述。
      考向01根据首尾/前后文呼应选词
      【例1-1】(25-26高三上·广东广州花都区第一中学·期中节选)
      In the heart f the energetic city f Metrville, Jhn, a dedicated sftware develper, fund himself ccupied by lines f cde and tight deadlines, but he never frgt his desire t make a psitive impact.
      One evening, scrlling thrugh scial media, Jhn’s eyes 1 a pst frm a lcal charity, “Light Up the Dark.” It spke f the 2 faced by families in remte villages, where children studied by dim candlelight 3 lack f electricity. This struck a chrd in Jhn’s heart, and he knew he had t help.
      ………..
      Jhn’s stry shwed the ability f ne individual t make a significant 13 . It is the simple acts f 14 and genersity that truly 15 the wrld.
      1.A.bservedB.witnessedC.searchedD.caught
      2.A.struggleB.cnfusinC.frightD.embarrassment
      3.A.in spite fB.regardless fC.in case fD.due t
      14.A.braveryB.kindnessC.patienceD.creativity
      15.A.light upB.cheer upC.clean upD.brush up
      【答案】
      1.D 2.A 3.D 13.B 14.B 15.A
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了软件开发者约翰利用自己的技术技能,与慈善机构合作设计更好的太阳能灯笼,为偏远村庄的家庭带来光明,他的行动引发了一场运动,激励了各行各业的人参与进来,展现了个人能产生重大影响,强调了善良和慷慨行为对世界的积极意义。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天晚上,约翰在刷社交媒体时,目光偶然看到了当地一家名为“点亮黑暗”的慈善机构发布的帖子。A. bserved观察;B. witnessed目睹;C. searched搜索;D. caught抓住,瞥见。根据下文“this struck a chrd in Jhn’s heart”可知,他的心被触动说明帖子进入他的视线。故选D。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:它讲述了偏远村庄家庭所面临的困境,由于缺乏电力,孩子们只能借着昏暗的烛光学习。A. struggle挣扎,困境;B. cnfusin困惑;C. fright恐惧;D. embarrassment尴尬。根据下文“lack f electricity”可知,缺电导致孩子学习条件差,这是一种生活困境。故选A。
      3.考查介词短语辨析。句意:它讲述了偏远村庄家庭所面临的困境,由于缺乏电力,孩子们只能借着昏暗的烛光学习。A. in spite f尽管;B. regardless f不管;C. in case f万一;D. due t由于。根据下文“lack f electricity”可知,由于缺乏电力,孩子们只能借助昏暗的烛光学习。故选D。
      13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:约翰的故事展现了一个人创造重大影响的能力。A. cntributin贡献;B. difference不同;C. decisin决定;D. effrt努力。根据下文“It is the simple acts f ____14____ and genersity that truly ____15____ the wrld.”以及上文内容可知,约翰的故事展示了一个人产生重大影响的能力,make a significant difference为固定搭配,意为“产生重大影响”。故选B。
      14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:正是这些简单的善举与慷慨之举,真正照亮了这个世界。A. bravery勇敢;B. kindness善良;C. patience耐心;D. creativity创造力。根据下文“and genersity”可知,与“genersity”(慷慨)并列,“kindness”(善良)是主动帮助他人的核心动机。故选B。
      15.考查动词短语辨析。句意:正是这些简单的善举与慷慨之举,真正照亮了这个世界。A. light up照亮;B. cheer up使高兴;C. clean up清理;D. brush up提高。全文围绕“光明”展开(烛光、太阳能灯笼、希望的火花),“light up the wrld”既扣住“点亮黑暗”的项目名称,又升华主题,是双重语义的完美呼应。故选A。
      【例1-2】(25-26高三上·甘肃部分学校·月考节选)
      Abut tw weeks ag, I fell and heard a snap (咔嚓声) in my ft. I was screaming with bth 1 and fear. I didn’t want t 2 smene t take me t the emergency rm (ER) as it was abut midnight when this 3 . I went t the hspital in the carpl (拼车). I hbbled (跛行) until the staff gt me a(n) 4 . I sat alne, facing a crner and 5 . I had never brken a bne, and never been t the ER by myself.
      ………..
      My ft was indeed brken, but my heart felt 13 . Yu never knw when smene needs a hug, a talk, r just a distractin. I dn’t knw if that 14 will ever see this article. If they d, I’d say, “Thank yu again.” I’ll never frget what a randm and effrtless act f kindness can d and I hpe I can 15 it frward.
      1.A.deathB.angerC.painD.disaster
      2.A.trubleB.cmmandC.adviseD.desire
      3.A.extendedB.flashedC.layD.happened
      4.A.bikeB.wheelchairC.ambulanceD.nvel
      5.A.cryingB.sleepingC.laughingD.lking
      13.A.curedB.cledC.matchedD.stlen
      14.A.grupB.familyC.cmpanyD.class
      15.A.pushB.recallC.payD.cast
      【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A 13.A 14.B 15.C
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者深夜骨折独自就医时陷入无助,一个陌生家庭主动伸出援手,这段温暖的邂逅让作者感悟到微小善举的力量,并希望将这份善意传递下去的故事。
      1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我因疼痛和恐惧而尖叫。A. death死亡;B. anger愤怒;C. pain疼痛;D. disaster灾难。根据上文“Abut tw weeks ag, I fell and heard a snap (咔嚓声) in my ft.”可知,作者摔倒受伤了,因此是指因疼痛和恐惧而尖叫。故选C。
      2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不想麻烦别人送我去急诊室(ER),因为事情发生的时候已经是午夜了。A. truble麻烦;B. cmmand命令;C. advise建议;D. desire渴望。根据下文“smene t take me t the emergency rm (ER) as it was abut midnight”可知,当时是午夜,时间很晚了,作者不想麻烦别人送自己去急诊室。故选A。
      3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不想麻烦别人送我去急诊室(ER),因为事情发生的时候已经是午夜了。A. extended延伸;B. flashed闪烁;C. lay躺;D. happened发生。根据上文“Abut tw weeks ag, I fell and heard a snap (咔嚓声) in my ft.”可知,此处指开头发生的摔倒受伤这件事。故选D。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我一瘸一拐,直到工作人员给我弄了个轮椅。A. bike自行车;B. wheelchair轮椅;C. ambulance救护车;D. nvel小说。根据上文“I hbbled (跛行)”可知,作者一瘸一拐,不方便行动,因此医院的工作人员给他弄了个轮椅,下文的“in the wheelchair”也是提示。故选B。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我独自坐着,面朝角落哭了起来。A. crying哭泣;B. sleeping睡觉;C. laughing大笑;D. lking看。根据下文“I had never brken a bne, and never been t the ER by myself.”可知,作者从来没有骨折过,也从来没有独自去过急诊室,独自面对这些情况的他会因为害怕而哭泣。故选A。
      13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的脚确实骨折了,但我的心却痊愈了。A. cured治愈;B. cled冷却;C. matched匹配;D. stlen偷窃。根据上文“My ft was indeed brken”和表示转折的“but”可知,虽然作者的脚确实骨折了,但他的心却痊愈了,身体状态和心理感受形成对比。故选A。
      14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不知道那个家庭是否会看到这篇文章。A. grup团体;B. family家庭;C. cmpany公司;D. class班级。根据上文“She asked me t ____9____ with her, her husband and their little baby.”可知,这位女士和她的丈夫及小孩给了作者帮助,此处指他们一家。故选B。
      15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我永远不会忘记一个随意的、毫不费力的善举所能起到的作用,我希望我能把它传递下去。A. push推动;B. recall回忆;C. pay给予;D. cast投掷。根据上文“I’ll never frget what a randm and effrtless act f kindness can d”可知,作者心中铭记这位女士一家给予他的善举和积极影响,因此是希望将这份善意传递下去,短语pay frward意为“向前传递”,符合语境。故选C。
      解|题|技|巧
      此类题目要求跳出单句的局限,从篇章结构和整体逻辑的层面寻找答案。解题核心是建立“全局观”。
      步骤一:首尾定调,把握主旨
      精读首段:明确文章的话题(Tpic)、主旨(Main Idea)及作者的初始态度或情感基调。这为全文理解打下基础。
      *例1-1*:开头点明主角“desire t make a psitive impact”(渴望产生积极影响),定下“行善”基调。
      *例1-2*:开头描述“疼痛、恐惧、独自一人”,定下“无助、脆弱”的情感基调。
      速览尾段:重点关注结尾如何总结、升华或呼吁。结尾往往是主旨的集中体现和最终落脚点。
      步骤二:分析空位,判断类型
      根据空格在文中的位置,判断其可能承担的呼应功能:
      结尾处空格(如例1-1的15题,例1-2的13、15题):重中之重。答案通常直接点明主旨、升华情感、或与标题/开头形成闭环。思考:这个空能否使文章圆满结束?
      中间关键描述空格(如例1-2的5题、14题):需确保与前文已明确给出的信息(人物状态、身份、行为)或情感线索保持一致,是逻辑连贯性的体现。
      步骤三:寻找呼应,代入验证
      将选项代入后,进行“闭环检查”:
      首尾语义/意象闭环:检查结尾的答案是否与开头的核心词、标题或核心比喻形成巧妙呼应。
      *例1-1的15题*:结尾“light up the wrld”完美呼应标题及全文核心“Light Up the Dark”(点亮黑暗)及“光明”的意象。
      *例1-2的13题*:结尾“heart felt cured”(心灵被治愈)与开头“screaming with pain and fear”(因痛苦和恐惧尖叫)形成“身体受伤”与“心灵愈合”的强烈对比与情感升华。
      2. 信息/情感一致性检查:对于中间的空格,检查选项是否准确复现了前文提到的特定信息,或是否与人物当前的情感状态匹配。
      *例1-2的5题*:“crying”(哭泣)与前文“fear”(恐惧)和“never myself”(从未独自)的无助感一致。
      *例1-2的14题*:“family”(家庭)准确复现了前文帮助者的构成(女士、丈夫、婴儿)。
      步骤四:结合搭配,最终确定
      在满足上下文呼应的前提下,还需考虑:
      固定搭配:如“make a significant difference”(产生重大影响)、“pay it frward”(传递善意)。
      词义精准度:在几个看似合理的选项中,选择最精准、最符合语境的词汇。
      注|意|事|项
      避免孤立解题:切忌仅根据空格所在单句的语法或局部意思解题。必须联系上下文,特别是文章的开头、结尾和主旨。
      紧扣主旨与情感线:始终围绕文章的核心思想和作者的情感走向进行选择。与主旨、情感相悖的选项,即使局部通顺,也往往是错误的。
      明确指代对象:当选项涉及指代人、事、物时(如例1-2的14题),必须回到前文找到明确所指,确保指代一致。
      区分“正确”与“最佳”:有时可能有多个选项在语法上都成立,但只有那个能与全文形成最佳呼应、使逻辑最圆满的选项才是“最佳答案”。
      积累高频呼应表达:注意积累常见的故事升华表达,如“make a difference”、“light up”、“warm ne's heart”、“pay frward”等。
      【变式1-1】(25-26高三上·河北武强中学·期中节选)
      I’ve been mtivated (激励) — and demtivated (气馁) — by ther flks’ achievements all my life.
      When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend 1 a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running 2 , but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was 3 fr a “super,” referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles. T be hnest, I 4 it! Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly 6 I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
      …………
      I’ve 14 a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever 15 I set fr myself; they just have t be my wn.
      1.A.knewB.heldC.wnD.quit
      2.A.regularlyB.silentlyC.prudlyD.recently
      3.A.askingB.lkingC.waitingD.training
      4.A.madeB.believedC.hatedD.deserved
      5.A.advantageB.achievementC.cntributinD.influence
      6.A.wayB.riskC.placeD.reasn
      14.A.picked upB.grwn upC.turned upD.given up
      15.A.limitsB.datesC.galsD.tests
      【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.D 14.B 15.C
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动(跑步和骑自行车)的兴趣和经历,并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我十几岁的时候,一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道;B. held抓住;C. wn赢得;D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling mtivated”可知,作者有了动力,所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
      2.考查副词词义辨析。句意:有了动力,我开始定期跑步,但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地;B. silently默默地;C. prudly自豪地;D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling mtivated” 可知,作者有了动力,所以应是定期跑步,符合语境。故选A项。
      3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:首先,有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我,她正在为“超级”马拉松训练,指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求;B. lking看;C. waiting等待;D. training训练。根据后文“referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn”可知,女孩要跑双马拉松,所以此处应是为之训练,符合语境。故选D项。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:说实话,我讨厌它! A. made制作;B. believed相信;C. hated讨厌;D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my ____5____ seem small and the pure bredm f jgging”可知,作者最长跑了15英里和女孩一比微不足道,所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
      5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那个女孩面前,我的成就显得微不足道,再加上慢跑的无聊,我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. advantage优势;B. achievement成就;C. cntributin贡献;D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知,作者最长跑了15 英里,而女孩在为52.4 英里做训练,所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那个女孩面前,我的成就显得微不足道,再加上慢跑的无聊,我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. way方式;B. risk风险;C. place地方;D. reasn理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知,有一只大狗在追“我”,“我”才会再跑步,这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
      14.考查动词短语辨析。句意:从那以后我成长了很多。A. picked up捡起;B. grwn up成长;C. turned up出现;D. given up放弃。根据后文“I’ve cme t accept that whatever ____15____ I set fr myself; they just have t be my wn.”可知,作者不再轻易放弃,所以是成长了很多。故选B项。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我已经开始接受这样一个事实:无论我为自己设定什么目标,它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制;B. dates日期;C. gals目标;D. tests测试。根据后文“I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知,此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标,它们都必须是我自己的目标”,符合语境。故选C项。
      【变式1-2】(25-26高三上·山西太原·期中)
      I was lking fr a jb that culd help me make ends meet. It was a 1 summer when I stared at my nearly empty 2 , realizing that I was slipping int financial truble. An nline ad caught my eye, 3 “Our delivery riders can earn $18 — $25 an hur”, s I decided t give it a try.
      ………..
      Standing under the same sun that had nce made me fall, I finally understd: the highest pay was never cunted in 15 , but in the curage t rise again and the patience t endure.
      1.A.carefreeB.burningC.secureD.wasted
      2.A.accuntB.expenseC.fficeD.stmach
      3.A.remindingB.discussingC.advisingD.prmising
      15.A.titlesB.dllarsC.prizesD.credits
      【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 15.B
      【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为维持生计应聘外卖骑手,首日收入可观便轻视努力,后因高温中暑、遭遇一连串不幸。但陌生人的善意让作者领悟:最高报酬从非金钱,而是重启的勇气与忍耐的耐心。
      1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那是一个酷热难耐的夏天,我看着自己几乎清零的账户余额,意识到自己正陷入财务困境之中。A. carefree无忧无虑的;B. burning高温的,燃烧的;C. secure稳固的;D. wasted浪费。后文“On the fifth day, the temperature climbed t 40℃.”提到气温升至 40℃,结合“summer”,此处需形容“炎热的夏天”。故选B。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那是一个酷热难耐的夏天,我看着自己几乎清零的账户余额,意识到自己正陷入财务困境之中。A. accunt账户;B. expense花费;C. ffice办公室;D. stmach胃。“empty accunt”指“银行账户空空如也”,呼应前文“make ends meet”(勉强维持生计)和后文“financial truble”(财务困境)。故选A。
      3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一则网络广告吸引了我的注意,上面写着“我们的送餐员每小时能挣18至25美元”,于是我就决定试试看。A. reminding提醒;B. discussing讨论;C. advising打广告;D. prmising承诺。根据后文“Our delivery riders can earn $18 — $25 an hur”可知,招聘广告承诺薪资待遇为每小时能挣18至25美元。故选D。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:站在那片曾让我跌倒的阳光之下,我终于明白:最高的报酬从来不是用金钱来衡量的,而是体现在重新站起来的勇气以及承受苦难的耐心之中。A. titles标题;B. dllars美元;C. prizes奖品;D. credits信用。文章结尾升华主题——最高的报酬不是“金钱”,而是重新站起来的勇气和忍耐的耐心。前文围绕“赚钱”展开,此处“cunted in dllars”与“金钱”呼应,故选B。
      考向02 根据文章发展脉络选词
      【例2-1】(25-26高三上·湖南名校联盟联考·月考节选)
      In Victria, 33-year-ld Brianna Hurst risked her wn safety t save the lives f three drwning strangers. The event 1 near Apll Bay n Sunday afternn.
      As the sunny afternn tk a dark turn, Brianna Hurst fund herself 2 turned int the rle f a her. Sitting alne n the beach, she heard the panicked 3 f a swimmer wh had managed t reach the shre. Withut hesitatin, Hurst 4 twards the water and dived in, swimming twards the three struggling men.
      “I went t the ne that was 5 t me,” she recunted. “I had t swim ut abut 20m t get him.” Nt frightened by the 6 , Hurst pulled each uncnscius (昏迷的) man t safety ne by ne. With each rescue, 7 anything, she risked her wn safety t bring the trapped swimmers back t shre.
      “At first there were nt many ther peple n the beach, but by the time I was 8 the third persn ut, they saw what was happening and came t help,” Hurst recalled.
      1.A.fellB.layC.unfldedD.lcated
      2.A.unaffectedlyB.unexpectedlyC.uncnditinallyD.undubtedly
      3.A.laughterB.whisperC.cheersD.cries
      4.A.turnedB.cameC.pintedD.rushed
      5.A.slwestB.biggestC.clsestD.yungest
      6.A.eventsB.wavesC.strangersD.challenges
      7.A.setting asideB.thinking verC.turning tD.giving up
      8.A.lettingB.pullingC.bringingD.making
      【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B
      【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了33岁的布里安娜·赫斯特在阿波罗湾冒着生命危险救起三名溺水者,最终两人获救,一人不幸身亡,她的英勇行为受到警方表彰。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这起事件于周日下午在阿波罗湾附近发生。A. fell掉落;B. lay放置;C. unflded展开,(事件)逐步发展;D. lcated找到……的准确位置,位于。根据空后“near Apll Bay n Sunday afternn”可知,此处指事件发生于阿波罗湾附近。注意lcate表“位于”时需用被动,因此排除。故选C。
      2.考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着晴朗的下午突然变天,布里安娜・赫斯特发现自己意外地变成了英雄的角色。A. unaffectedly真挚地;B. unexpectedly意外地;C. uncnditinally无条件地;D. undubtedly无疑地。根据空后“turned int the rle f a her”再结合全文可知,救人属于意外,所以是发现自己意外地变成了一个英雄的角色。故选B。
      3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她独自坐在海滩上,听到了一名成功上岸的游泳者惊慌的呼喊声。A. laughter笑声;B. whisper低语;C. cheers欢呼;D. cries叫喊。根据空后“f a swimmer wh had managed t reach the shre”及下文“the three struggling men”可知,有人落水,游泳者游到岸边,惊慌失措的叫喊声被她听到了。故选D。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:赫斯特毫不犹豫地冲向水边,潜入水中,朝着那三个挣扎的男子游去。A. turned转向;B. came来到;C. pinted指向;D. rushed冲去。根据后文“twards the water and dived in, swimming twards the three struggling men”可知,有人落水,要救人,赫斯特毫不犹豫地冲到水里,向那三个挣扎的人游去。故选D。
      5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“我先去了离我最近的那个人身边,” 她回忆道。A. slwest最慢的;B. biggest最大的;C. clsest最近的;D. yungest最年轻的。根据下文“I had t swim ut abut 20m t get him.”及常识可知,救人先救离自己最近的那一个,故选C。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:赫斯特没有被挑战吓到,逐一将每个昏迷的男子拉到了安全地带。A. events事件;B. waves海浪;C. strangers陌生人;D. challenges挑战。根据空后“Hurst pulled each uncnscius man t safety ne by ne.”可知,她面临挑战,冷静救人,没有被当时的情况所吓倒。故选D。
      7.考查动词短语辨析。句意:每次救援时,她都不顾一切,冒着自身的安全风险将受困游泳者带回岸边。A. setting aside搁置,置……于不顾;B. thinking ver仔细考虑;C. turning t求助于;D. giving up放弃。根据空后“she risked her wn safety t bring the trapped swimmers back t shre.”可知,她不顾一切,冒着生命危险把被困的游泳者带回岸边。故选A。
      8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“起初海滩上没有太多人,但当我把第三个人拉出来时,他们看到了正在发生的事情,便赶来帮忙,”赫斯特回忆道。A. letting让;B. pulling拉;C. bringing带来;D. making制造。根据上文“bring the trapped swimmers back t shre”及空后“the third persn ut”可知,此处是指把第三个人从水里拉出来。故选B。
      【例2-2】(25-26高三上·河北衡水冀州区河北冀州中学·期中节选)
      The magic f baseball is its fluid (流畅的) cnnectin between players. Each player shuld be in the right psitin at the right time, playing their 1 t perfectin.
      That’s what was happening — practice — ne afternn when the Valley High Schl team was distracted by a scream fr help. Cach Brett Sawyer heard the 2 and saw the entire team rushing tward the parking lt, 3 fences.
      One f their schlmates was pinned under a car that had 4 backed ver her. One f the players, Chas Rberts, remembered afterward, “Yu had t d what yu had t d t 5 smene’s life.” The players quickly 6 the car, each taking a hld, and lifted the car. An assistant cach was then able t 7 the girl ut frm underneath the car. She is expected t make a full 8 .
      ………..
      1.A.wrkB.musicC.chanceD.part
      2.A.sngB.signalC.niseD.news
      3.A.jumping verB.taking awayC.climbing upD.pulling dwn
      4.A.eventuallyB.accidentallyC.accrdinglyD.unwillingly
      5.A.saveB.respectC.liveD.ease
      6.A.liftedB.surrundedC.enteredD.escaped
      7.A.figureB.callC.pullD.pick
      8.A.scheduleB.translatinC.statementD.recvery
      【答案】1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.D
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了棒球队在训练时听到求救声,队员们合力救出被车压的同学,虽输掉比赛但更看重救人一事。
      1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:每个球员都应在正确的时间处于正确的位置,完美地发挥自己的作用。A. wrk工作;B. music音乐;C. chance机会;D. part角色,作用。根据前文“The magic f baseball is its fluid (流畅的) cnnectin between players. Each player shuld be in the right psitin at the right time”可知,此处指球员在团队中发挥自身作用,play ne’s part是固定搭配,意为“扮演自己的角色”。故选D。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:布雷特・索耶教练听到了声音,看到整个球队冲向停车场,翻越围栏。A. sng歌曲;B. signal信号;C. nise声音,声响;D. news新闻。根据前文“ne afternn when the Valley High Schl team was distracted by a scream fr help.”可知,教练听到的是求救的声音。故选C。
      3.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. jumping ver翻越;B. taking away拿走;C. climbing up爬上;D. pulling dwn推倒。结合“rushing tward the parking lt”的紧急场景,为快速赶往事故现场,队员应是“跳过”围栏,动作迅速合理。故选A。
      4.考查副词词义辨析。句意:他们的一位同学被一辆不小心倒车时撞到的车压住了。A. eventually最终;B. accidentally意外地;C. accrdingly相应地;D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据后文“One f their schlmates was pinned under a car”以及常识可知,倒车压到人属于意外情况。故选B。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:球员查斯・罗伯茨事后回忆道:“为了拯救别人的生命,你必须做你该做的事。”A. save拯救;B. respect尊重;C. live生活,居住;D. ease减轻,缓解。根据前文“ne f their schlmates was pinned under a car”可知,同学被压在车下,所以要拯救生命,“save smene’s life是固定搭配,意为“挽救某人生命”,契合救人情境。故选A。
      6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:球员们迅速围住汽车,每人抓住一部分,然后抬起汽车。A. lifted抬起;B. surrunded包围;C. entered进入;D. escaped逃跑。根据后文“each taking a hld, and lifted the car”可知,先“围住”汽车才能合力抬起,动作存在先后逻辑。故选B。
      7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后一名助理教练能够把女孩从车下拉出来。A. figure认为;B. call打电话;C. pull拉;D. pick挑选。根据前文“The players quickly ___6___ the car, each taking a hld, and lifted the car.”可知,女孩被压在车下,抬起车后需将其“拉”出来,“ frm...(把……从……拉出来)”符合语境。故选C。
      8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:预计她会完全康复。A. schedule日程安排;B. translatin翻译;C. statement声明;D. recvery恢复。根据前文“An assistant cach was then able t ___7___ the girl ut frm underneath the car.”女孩被压在车下后被救出,结合常理可知,预计她会完全恢复,make a full recvery是固定表达,意为“完全康复”,用于描述伤者恢复健康。故选D。
      解|题|技|巧
      此类题目要求将文章视为一个动态发展的整体,关注事件、逻辑或情感的推进过程。解题核心是理清“故事线”或“逻辑链”。
      步骤一:速览全文,绘制脉络图
      通读抓梗概:快速浏览文章(尤其是首段、尾段及每段首句),抓住核心事件、人物和结果。
      标记关键点:用简单词语或箭头在脑中或草稿上标记出情节发展的几个关键阶段。对于叙事文,通常是:
      起因/背景 (例2-1: 平静午后;例2-2: 训练中)突发事件/转折 (听到呼救/尖叫)应对与发展 (冲向现场、决定救援、采取具体行动)高潮与结果 (成功救人、伤者情况)后续与影响 (他人反应、事件评价、个人感悟)
      步骤二:定位空格,明确阶段——确定空格处于上述“脉络图”中的哪一个阶段。思考:
      此空是动作链的哪一环? (是起始动作、中间步骤还是最终动作?)
      *如例2-2第6题:在“抬起车”之前,必须先“围住”车。*
      此空是情感/态度的哪一次变化? (是转变的开始、体现还是结果?)
      此空是逻辑论证的哪一步? (是提出观点、给出论据还是得出结论?)
      步骤三:顺承逻辑,选择衔接——根据空格所处的阶段,选择最能顺承上文、自然引出下文的选项。
      动作连贯性:确保动作描述符合常理和先后顺序。*如例2-1第4题:听到呼救后,最合理的反应是“冲过去”(rushed),然后才能“跳入水中”(dived in)。
      因果合理性:确保原因与结果匹配,行为与动机相符。*如例2-2第5题:同学被压,行动的唯一目的就是“拯救”(save)生命。*
      情感一致性:确保人物情感随事件发展而自然变化。*如例2-2第10题:经历救人事件后,比赛的“重要性”(imprtant)相对下降。*
      步骤四:代入验证,确保流畅——将选项代入后,通读所在句及前后文,检查:
      是否使该部分的情节/逻辑通顺?
      是否与整个故事的发展方向一致?
      是否有助于推动脉络向下一阶段自然过渡?
      注|意|事|项
      切忌孤立看句:绝不能只分析空格所在的单个句子。必须联系前因后果,明确该句在全文“流水线”上的位置。
      分清主次信息:在情节发展中,有些是核心动作/情感,有些是背景细节。选择时要抓住推动主线发展的关键词语。
      警惕动作顺序:对于描述连续动作的题目,要像回放电影一样,确认动作发生的合理先后顺序。一个动作往往是下一个动作的前提。
      把握情感转折词:注意“but, hwever, unfrtunately, surprisingly”等转折词,它们标志着情节或情感的重大变化,空格处的选择常需体现这种转折。
      识别概括词与具体词:在发展脉络中,有时需要概括性词语(如例2-1第6题challenges)来总结前面描述的多种困难;有时需要具体、准确的动词(如例2-1第8题pulling)来精确描述关键动作。要根据上下文判断。
      结尾升华需呼应开头:当空格位于结尾的总结升华句时(如例2-2第14题),务必回顾文章开头的主旨或核心比喻(如“magic”),确保结尾的升华与之呼应,形成从具体到抽象、从事件到哲理的完整脉络闭环。
      【变式2-1】(25-26高三上·湖南长沙雅礼中学·月考)
      In a remte village divided by a wide river, the elderly carpenter Elias watched with wrry as the nly bridge slwly rtted. The villagers n bth sides, nce a united cmmunity, had grwn 1 and indifferent. Elias, thugh skilled, felt the prblem was t big fr ne man. It seemed 2 .
      Instead f appealing t the 3 , wh were busy with their farms and arguments, he started a small prject. He began 4 beautiful wden tys— small bats, hrses, and birds, in his yard. He then 5 these tys t the children, amusing them with stries f hw kids frm bth sides used t play tgether n the bridge.
      Fascinated, the children began t meet by the river. They started playing, first 6 , then with grwing jy. This simple act changed the 7 . Seeing their children frm friendships, the parents’ hearts began t 8 . They started talking t each ther again.
      1.A.familiarB.accustmedC.assciatedD.distant
      2.A.uncmfrtableB.simpleC.strangeD.unbeatable
      3.A.clleaguesB.adultsC.enemiesD.cmpanies
      4.A.purchasingB.cllectingC.carvingD.painting
      5.A.sldB.giftedC.liftedD.saved
      6.A.hesitantlyB.bravelyC.eagerlyD.angrily
      7.A.atmsphereB.ccasinC.functinD.envirnment
      8.A.sftenB.breakC.beatD.tighten
      【答案】1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.A
      【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了老木匠Elias通过制作木制玩具让孩子相聚,进而促使村民重聚,共同修建桥梁,重建社区联系的故事。
      1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:河两岸的村民,曾经是一个团结的社区,现在变得疏远且冷漠。A. familiar熟悉的;B. accustmed习惯的;C. assciated关联的;D. distant疏远的。根据前文“nce a united cmmunity”和后文“indifferent”可知,此处需填入一个与united形成反义、且与indifferent情感色彩一致的词,此空用distant指村民变得疏远。故选D。
      2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这似乎是无法克服的。A. uncmfrtable不舒服的;B. simple简单的;C. strange奇怪的;D. unbeatable无法克服的。根据前文“Elias, thugh skilled, felt the prblem was t big fr ne man.”可知,此句It指代这个一人无法解决的大问题,此空需填入表示“无法克服的”或“难以战胜的”词,此空用unbeatable指问题似乎无法克服。故选D。
      3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他没有呼吁忙于农活和争吵的成年人,而是开始了一个小项目。A. clleagues同事;B. adults成年人;C. enemies敌人;D. cmpanies公司。根据后文“wh were busy with their farms and arguments”和后文“t the children”可知,这群人忙于农活和争吵,符合成年人的特征,且后文中Elias转而求助的对象是children,形成“不找成年人,而找孩子”的对比,此空用adults指成年人。故选B。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他开始在院子里雕刻漂亮的木制玩具——小船、马和鸟。A. purchasing购买;B. cllecting收集;C. carving雕刻;D. painting绘画。根据后文“beautiful wden tys”可知,制作木制玩具最可能的方式就是雕刻,此空用carving指雕刻。故选C。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后他把这些玩具送给孩子们,给他们讲两岸的孩子过去如何在桥上一起玩耍的故事,逗他们开心。A. sld卖;B. gifted赠送;C. lifted举起;D. saved拯救。根据后文“these tys t the children”和“amusing them with stries”可知,讲故事逗乐他们是一种善意的、旨在建立联系的赠送行为,此空用gifted指赠送玩具。故选B。
      6.考查副词词义辨析。句意:他们开始玩耍,起初犹豫,然后越来越开心。A. hesitantly犹豫地;B. bravely勇敢地;C. eagerly急切地;D. angrily生气地。根据后文“then with grwing jy”可知,玩耍的情绪是一个从低到高的过程,因此最初的状态应是略带迟疑或拘谨的犹豫,此空用hesitantly指犹豫地。故选A。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个简单的举动改变了氛围。A. atmsphere氛围;B. ccasin场合;C. functin功能;D. envirnment环境。根据后文“Seeing their children frm friendships”可知,孩子们一起玩耍并建立友谊,这一行为改变的是整个社区的“氛围”或“气氛”,这是一种抽象的社会环境,为后文大人们态度的转变做铺垫,此空用atmsphere指氛围发生了改变。故选A。
      8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:看到孩子们建立了友谊,父母们的心开始软化。A. sften软化;B. break打破;C. beat跳动;D. tighten收紧。根据前文“their children frm friendships”和后文“They started talking t each ther again.”可知,看到孩子们成为朋友这一温情脉脉的场景会使得父母们原本因隔阂而坚硬的心软化,hearts began t sften是情感转变的常见表达,此空用sften指父母的心开始软化。故选A。
      【变式2-2】(25-26高三上·河北黄骅中学·期中节选)
      Years ag, I disliked exercise. My gym visits were nthing but shrt treadmill (跑步机) walks and 1 attempts at weights, thus I even persuaded members t 2 classes fr happy hurs. Exercise wasn’t fun — until a persnal crisis 3 me t seek relief thrugh fitness.
      Then came the turning pint. I jined Adria’s training studi. As bth wner and cach, she was gd at mtivating me. Befre lng, I was seeing 4 bth in bdy and mind. Nt nly did I cme acrss a great trainer, but I als gained a friend. Hwever, exhausted frm running her studi alne, Adria jked, “I wish yu’d get certified — yu’re the nly ne I’d trust with the keys.” I laughed it ff, knwing that was impssible. Me? A trainer? — but her wrds 5 me. After weeks f hesitatin, I 6 the ACE certificatin curse.
      Studying prved 7 because memrizing muscle grups and safety regulatins was challenging fr me. Luckily my sn kept me 8 , just like I’d nce lifted his spirits in study fr medical schl. Test day came and my every mve was 9 carefully during the whle exam. Finally the “PASS” result brught me relief and 10
      1.A.activeB.psitiveC.randmD.brave
      2.A.attendB.skipC.fferD.frget
      3.A.frcedB.rderedC.allwedD.invited
      4.A.limitsB.signalsC.prblemsD.changes
      5.A.struckB.puzzledC.hurtD.failed
      6.A.put up withB.signed up frC.drpped ut fD.kept away frm
      7.A.interestingB.surprisingC.demandingD.refreshing
      8.A.inspiredB.discuragedC.disappintedD.satisfied
      9.A.questinedB.directedC.crrectedD.watched
      10.A.mdelB.testC.prideD.need
      【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.C
      【来源】河北黄骅中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷
      【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从讨厌锻炼到通过健身获得身心改变,并最终考取健身教练资格证的故事。
      1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我去健身房只是在跑步机上短时间走一走,以及随意地尝试举重,因此我甚至说服其他会员为了欢乐时光而翘课。A. active积极的;B. psitive积极的,正面的;C. randm随意的;D. brave勇敢的。根据上文“I disliked exercise”可知,作者不喜欢锻炼,所以去健身房的活动都是随意的。故选C。
      2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. attend参加;B. skip跳过,略过,翘课;C. ffer提供;D. frget忘记。由“fr happy hurs 可知,作者为了欢乐时光而说服会员不去上课,skip classes 表示“翘课”。故选B。
      3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:锻炼一直都没有乐趣 —— 直到一场个人危机迫使我通过健身来寻求解脱。A. frced强迫,迫使;B. rdered命令;C. allwed允许;D. invited邀请。根据“a persnal crisis”以及“t seek relief thrugh fitness”可知,是个人危机迫使作者通过健身来寻求解脱,frce sb. t d sth.表示“迫使某人做某事”。故选A。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:不久之后,我在身心方面都看到了变化。A. limits限制;B. signals信号;C. prblems问题;D. changes变化。由上文“Exercise wasn’t fun — until a persnal crisis frced me t seek relief thrugh fitness.”以及“Befre lng”可知,作者开始健身后不久,身心都发生了变化。故选D。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但她的话打动了我。A. struck打击,打动;B. puzzled使困惑;C. hurt伤害;D. failed失败。根据下文“After weeks f hesitatin, I 6 the ACE certificatin curse.”可知,作者虽然一开始觉得不可能,但后来还是犹豫着去参加了ACE认证课程,说明Adria的话打动了作者。故选A。
      6.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:经过数周的犹豫,我报名参加了ACE认证课程。A. put up with忍受;B. signed up fr报名参加;C. drpped ut f退出;D. kept away frm远离。由“After weeks f hesitatin”以及“the ACE certificatin curse”可知,作者犹豫之后报名参加了ACE认证课程。故选B。
      7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:事实证明学习很费力,因为记住肌肉群和安全规则对我来说很有挑战性。A. interesting有趣的;B. surprising令人惊讶的;C. demanding要求高的,费力的;D. refreshing令人耳目一新的。根据“because memrizing muscle grups and safety regulatins was challenging fr me”可知,记住肌肉群和安全规则对作者来说很有挑战性,所以学习是费力的。故选C。
      8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:幸运的是,我的儿子让我受到鼓舞,就像我曾经在他考医学院时鼓舞他的士气一样。A. inspired受鼓舞的;B. discuraged气馁的;C. disappinted失望的;D. satisfied满意的。由“just like I’d nce lifted his spirits in study fr medical schl”可知,作者的儿子像作者曾经鼓舞他一样,让作者受到鼓舞。故选A。
      9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:考试那天,在整个考试过程中我的一举一动都被仔细观察着。A. questined询问;B. directed指导;C. crrected纠正;D. watched观察。根据“Test day came”以及“during the whle exam”可知,考试时作者的一举一动都会被仔细观察。故选D。
      10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终“通过”的结果让我如释重负并感到自豪。A. mdel模型,榜样;B. test测试;C. pride自豪;D. need需要。由“the “PASS” result brught me relief”可知,通过考试的结果让作者如释重负,同时也会感到自豪。故选C。
      考向03 根据熟词生义选词
      【例3-1】(25-26高三上·山东潍坊·期中节选)
      ……….
      I thrughly 3 all the unexpected sptlight: dear friends came t visit; all my kids shwed up; nurses were particularly attentive and my phne was flded with messages f lve and 4 . Between treatments, I scialized with ther patients and gt interviewed by a delightful student nurse ding a paper. What 5 ! My stry wuld be included in her 6 !
      ……..
      3.A.guaranteedB.declinedC.deservedD.enjyed
      4.A.cncernB.integrityC.genersityD.cnfidence
      5.A.wrkB.nnsenseC.funD.nise
      6.A.studiesB.artwrksC.meetingsD.schedules
      【答案】3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A
      【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了长期担忧健康的作者因需抗生素治疗住院,意外收获亲友关爱与特殊经历,虽牵挂琐事和后续行程,却领悟到自己被爱包围的真谛,感恩这份温暖。
      3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我非常享受这一切突如其来的关注:亲爱的朋友纷纷前来探望;我的所有孩子也都来了;护士们格外细心周到;我的手机上更是收到了满是爱意和关怀的留言。A. guaranteed保证;B. declined下降;C. deserved值得;D. enjyed欣赏。后文“all the unexpected sptlight: dear friends came t visit; all my kids shwed up; nurses were particularly attentive”主要描述的是好事,作者享受得到的关注。故选D。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我非常享受这一切突如其来的关注:亲爱的朋友纷纷前来探望;我的所有孩子也都来了;护士们格外细心周到;我的手机上更是收到了满是爱意和关怀的留言。A. cncern关心,担心;B. integrity正直;C. genersity慷慨;D. cnfidence自信。根据上文“nurses were particularly attentive and my phne was flded with messages f lve and”可知,人们关心作者,手机上更是收到了满是爱意和关怀的留言。故选A。
      5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:太有趣了!A. wrk工作;B. nnsense胡说;C. fun乐趣;D. nise噪音。根据上文“dear friends came t visit; all my kids shwed up; nurses were particularly attentive and my phne was flded with messages f lve”以及“Between treatments, I scialized with ther patients and gt interviewed by a delightful student nurse ding a paper.(在治疗间隙,我与其他患者进行了交流,并接受了一位正在撰写论文的亲切实习护士的采访)”可知,作者因为生病得到了关注,故事还要被采访,认为很有趣。故选C。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的故事将会被纳入她的研究之中!A. studies研究;B. artwrks艺术品;C. meetings会议;D. schedules日程安排。根据上文“Between treatments, I scialized with ther patients and gt interviewed by a delightful student nurse ding a paper.(在治疗间隙,我与其他患者进行了交流,并接受了一位正在撰写论文的亲切实习护士的采访)”可知,此处指作者的故事纳入护士的研究中。故选A。
      【例3-2】(2024年新课标全国Ⅱ卷英语真题节选)
      ………
      During my first visit t Italy, I ___42____ t ask fr directins r rder in a restaurant. But every time I tried t 43 a sentence f Italian tgether, the lcals smiled at me and ___44____ my language skills. That encuragement helped me t get thrugh the language ____45___. After I made Italy my permanent hme, I discvered hw ___46___ Italians are. Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t ____47___ me t clse the windw in my car when rain is cming. It's these small ___48____ f kindness that make a new cuntry feel like hme.
      42.A.plannedB.struggledC.refusedD.happened
      43.A.stringB.hangC.mixD.match
      44.A.imprvedB.assessedC.admiredD.praised
      45.A.curseB.barrierC.areaD.test
      46.A.pen-mindedB.strng-willedC.warm-heartedD.well-infrmed
      47.A.remindB.allwC.persuadeD.rder
      48.A.tricksB.prmisesC.actsD.duties
      【答案】42.B 43.A 44.D 45.B 46.C 47.A 48.C
      42. 考查动词词义辨析,句意:在我第一次访问意大利时,我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划;B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行;C. refused拒绝;D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit t Italy”可推知,此处指作者第一次到意大利,语言不通,很难沟通交流。故选B。
      43. 考查动词词义辨析,句意:我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起,当地人对我微笑,称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串;B. hang悬挂;C. mix混合;D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence f Italian tgether”可推知,此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
      44.考查动词词义辨析,句意:我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起,当地人对我微笑,称赞我的语言技能。A. imprved改进;B. assessed评估;C. admired钦佩;D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the lcals smiled at me”以及下文“That encuragement”可推知,此处指作者尝试说意大利语,当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
      45. 考查名词词义辨析,句意:这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.curse课程;B. barrier障碍;C. area区域;D. test测试。根据上文“the lcals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encuragement helped me”可推知,此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
      46. 考查形容词词义辨析,句意:当我把意大利作为永久的家后,我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. pen-minded思想开明的;B. strng-willed思想坚定的;C. warm-hearted热心的;D. well-infrmed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr”和“clse the windw in my car when rain is cming.”可推知,此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
      47. 考查动词词义辨析,句意:邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪,还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒;B. allw允许;C. persuade说服;D. rder命令。根据上文“I discvered hw warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will cme t my dr”可推知,此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
      48. 考查名词词义辨析,句意:正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧;B. prmises承诺;C. acts行为;D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t remind me t clse the windw in my car when rain is cming.”可推知,此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。
      解|题|技|巧
      此类题目要求学生具备“一词多义”的敏锐度,并能根据具体语境灵活推断词义。解题核心是摆脱第一反应的束缚,让语境定义词义。
      步骤一:识别“熟词”,警惕陷阱:遇到选项是基础、常见词汇时(如 fun, string, rutine, kit),立刻提醒自己:这里可能考查的不是我最熟悉的那个意思。
      步骤二:悬置“熟义”,回归语境:暂时忘记这个单词最常用的一两个意思。将注意力完全集中在空格所在的句子及前后文上,仔细分析:
      逻辑关系:句子内部以及与前后的因果、转折、递进等关系。
      情感色彩:上下文是积极、消极还是中性?
      具体场景:故事发生在什么背景下?(如:医院、旅行、湿地保护)
      搭配对象:空格前后的词语是什么?需要与之形成合理的搭配。
      步骤三:语境定义,重新匹配:根据对上下文的分析,在心中用自己的话描述:“在这个地方,作者需要一个表示‘____’意思的词。” 然后,将选项中每个词可能的多个义项(包括不常见的)代入这个“定义”中进行匹配。
      *例如3-2第43题*:需要描述“把单词组合成一个句子”。“string”的熟义是“绳子、线”,但其生义“把……连成一串/一系列”正符合“组合语言”的语境。
      例如湿地保护文章第4题:需要描述“一套救生用的组合装备”。“kit”的熟义是“工具包”,其生义“(为特定活动准备的)成套用品”正符合“救生包”的语境。
      步骤四:代入验证,确保精准:将选定的词义代入原句,通读检查:
      句内通顺:句子本身语法和意思是否完整、自然?
      上下文连贯:是否与前后文逻辑严丝合缝,推动叙事或论述?
      排除干扰:其他选项的常见含义代入后,是否会造成逻辑矛盾或语义不通?
      注|意|事|项
      切勿望文生义:这是最大的忌讳。绝不能看到简单词汇就直接选择其最常见的意思。如将“heavy evidence”理解为“重的证据”,将“string a sentence”理解为“用绳子绑句子”。
      培养“多义”意识:在平时背单词时,要有意识地去记忆和积累核心高频词的多个义项,尤其是那些抽象的、引申的、比喻的用法。一本好的学习型词典是必备工具。
      关注搭配与语境:很多“生义”是通过固定搭配或在特定领域(如环保、医疗、体育)中产生的。解题时要特别留意空格前后的搭配词和文章的整体主题。
      词性转换需留心:注意名词动用(如 bridge the gap 中的 bridge)、形容词动用(如 empty the bx 中的 empty)等现象,这些往往是熟词生义的考查点。
      情感与逻辑导向:有时,词语的褒贬色彩或程度强弱在语境中会发生微妙变化。要依据上下文的整体情感倾向和逻辑走向来选择最贴切的那层含义。
      相信语境,大胆推断:当遇到一个词在句子中按常见义解释不通时,要坚信是考查生义。大胆根据上下文线索进行合理推断,往往能豁然开朗。
      【变式3-1】(2026·浙江省“9+ 1”联盟·一模节选)
      When my friend Le was diagnsed with a rare heart disease, his family faced crushing medical expenses. Seeing his nce-vibrant spirit 1 ,I was determined t act.
      ………
      1.A.reducedB.fadedC.rseD.blmed
      【答案】1.B
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:看着他曾经充满活力的精神逐渐消退,我决心采取行动。A. reduced减少;B. faded消退、黯淡;C. rse升起;D. blmed绽放。根据前文“Le was diagnsed with a rare heart disease”和“crushing medical expenses”可知,疾病和经济压力让他的精神状态“消退”,与“nce-vibrant”形成对比。故选B项。
      【变式3-2】(2026·浙江省“9+ 1”联盟·一模节选)
      ………
      The next week, clrful psters filled the hallways and students 5 enthusiastically; sme even tk the initiative t design 6 T-shirts fr the event. Lcal businesses stepped up with dnatins, ne generusly ffering $20,000. On the day f the race, ver 300 runners gathered at the park. As the starting whistle blew, I felt a surge f 7 — we were making a real difference!
      ………
      5.A.signed upB.cheered upC.set utD.called ut
      6.A.spareB.brandC.trnD.custm
      7.A.dubtB.prideC.regretD.trust
      【答案】5.A 6.D 7.B
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者的朋友利奥患罕见心脏病后面临巨额医疗费,作者发起“微笑里程”慈善跑筹集资金,不仅帮利奥渡过难关,更给予他抗争的勇气,最终利奥康复并共同主导活动传递希望的故事。
      5.考查动词短语辨析。句意:第二周,五颜六色的海报贴满了走廊,学生们热情地报名参加;有些人甚至主动为活动设计定制T恤。A. signed up报名;B. cheered up使振奋;C. set ut出发;D. called ut呼喊。根据前文“I launched a charity run called “Miles fr Smiles.””和后文“On the day f the race, ver 300 runners gathered at the park.”可知,学生们在“报名”参加活动。故选A项。
      6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:第二周,五颜六色的海报贴满了走廊,学生们热情地报名参加;有些人甚至主动为活动设计定制T恤。A. spare多余的;B. brand品牌的;C. trn破旧的;D. custm定制的。根据前文“sme even tk the initiative t design”和后文“fr the event”可知,学生们设计的是专属于该活动的“定制”T恤,符合活动宣传的场景。故选D项。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:发令哨声一响,我心中涌起一股自豪感——我们正在产生真正的影响!A. dubt怀疑;B. pride自豪;C. regret后悔;D. trust信任。根据后文“we were making a real difference”和“On the day f the race, ver 300 runners gathered at the park.”可知,有超过300人参与该活动,由此可推断,作者为活动的成功筹备感到“自豪”。故选B项。
      专题01 高考真题练
      A
      (2025年全国高考一卷英语真题)
      My husband and I had just sld ur huse and we were busy 1 the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided n key items fr the 2 we were mving t in twn, dnated what we culd, and rented a place t 3 ur suppsedly imprtant bjects. That left a huse still 4 with things that, while nt particularly 5 , didn’t belng in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
      I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10. A cuple f messages came in, ne wanting additinal 6 , anther asking fr a price cut. As ur 7 day drew near, I settled n a new price ($0) and repsted it. The 8 : “I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn’t.” In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.
      9 , I psted mre. My daily psts and the 10 I received became a precius ray f light in the chas f my huse. Each exchange prvided a chance t 11 the landfill and t please anther persn I might nt therwise have 12 .
      I sit in my apartment tday, lving each f the 13 that share ur small space. I take 14 in knwing that, smewhere nearby, smene is 15 smething that culdn’t cme with us.
      1.A.painting verB.lking arundC.emptying utD.pulling dwn
      2.A.htelB.fficeC.cttageD.apartment
      3.A.streB.displayC.sellD.repair
      4.A.cveredB.decratedC.stuffedD.equipped
      5.A.cnventinalB.valuableC.cmplicatedD.tlerable
      6.A.feesB.phtsC.receiptsD.mdels
      7.A.mveB.payC.marketD.wrk
      8.A.warningB.requestC.descriptinD.reply
      9.A.CnfusedB.InterestedC.DisappintedD.Encuraged
      10.A.visitsB.reprtsC.adviceD.mney
      11.A.remveB.spareC.findD.check
      12.A.investigatedB.recgnizedC.encunteredD.recmmended
      13.A.giveawaysB.pstsC.cntributinsD.belngings
      14.A.jyB.partC.careD.time
      15.A.anticipatingB.appreciatingC.deliveringD.withdrawing
      【答案】
      1.C 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.B
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
      1.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子,我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting ver 粉刷覆盖;B. lking arund 环顾四周;C. emptying ut 清空;D. pulling dwn 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sld ur huse”和下文“the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知,此处指作者卖掉了房子,忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品,尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西,并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. htel 酒店;B. ffice 办公室;C. cttage 小屋;D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment tday”可推知,此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。
      3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品,尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西,并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. stre 储存;B. display 展示;C. sell 出售;D. repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“ur suppsedly imprtant bjects”可推知,此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。
      4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱,但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. cvered 覆盖的;B. decrated 装饰的;C. stuffed 塞满的;D. equipped 配备的。根据上文“rented a place t 3 ur suppsedly imprtant bjects”以及下文“with things”可推知,此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。
      5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱,但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. cnventinal 传统的;B. valuable 有价值的;C. cmplicated 复杂的;D. tlerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while nt particularly”以及下文“didn’t belng in a landfill”可推知,此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:有几条信息进来了,一条想要更多的照片,另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用;B. phts 照片;C. receipts 收据;D. mdels 模型。根据上文“I tk a picture f the vase”及“additinal”可推知,此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着搬家日的临近,我确定了一个新的价格(0美元)并重新发布了它。A. mve 搬家;B. pay 支付;C. market 市场;D. wrk 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推知,此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
      8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:描述:“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告;B. request 请求;C. descriptin 描述;D. reply 回复。根据上文“I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline”以及下文“I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn’t.”可推知,此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
      9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:受到鼓励,我发布了更多。A. Cnfused 困惑的;B. Interested 感兴趣的;C. Disappinted 失望的;D. Encuraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为,可推知,此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。
      10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访,在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光芒。A. visits 拜访;B. reprts 报告;C. advice 建议;D. mney 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a wman raced int my huse”以及“My daily psts”和后文的互动,可推知,此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会,也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. remve 移除;B. spare 省得;免去;C. find 发现;D. check 检查。根据上文语境以及下文“the landfill”可推知,此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋,此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
      12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会,也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查;B. recgnized 认出;C. encuntered 遇见;D. recmmended 推荐。根据上文“anther persn I might nt therwise”可推知,此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。
      13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:今天我坐在我的公寓里,爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品;B. psts 帖子;C. cntributins 贡献;D. belngings 所有物。结合语境,再根据上文“I sit in my apartment tday”以及下文“share ur small space”可推知,此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
      14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:知道就在附近的某个地方,有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西,我感到很快乐。A. jy 快乐;B. part 部分;C. care 关心;D. time 时间。结合语境,再根据上文“lving each f the 13 that share ur small space.”以及下文“in knwing that, smewhere nearby”可推知,此处指作者免费赠送旧物,也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
      15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:知道就在附近的某个地方,有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西,我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待;B. appreciating 欣赏;C. delivering 递送;D. withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“I take 13 in knwing that, smewhere nearby”以及下文“smething that culdn’t cme with us”可推知,此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的,赠予的物品。故选B。
      B
      (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·高考)
      On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 1 the curse earlier than she did. Her 2 came because she was carrying a 3 acrss the finish line.
      As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 4 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 5 t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 6 . She culdn’t. Bailey then 7 t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get 8 attentin.
      Once there, Lenue was 9 and later taken t a hspital, where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. She wuld have struggled with extreme 10 t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
      As fr Bailey, she is mre 11 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 12 . “She was just crying. I culdn’t 13 her,” Bailey tld the reprter. “I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
      Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the 14 , they’ve since becme friends. Neither wn the race, but the 15 f human kindness wn the day.
      1.A.designedB.fllwedC.changedD.finished
      2.A.delayB.chanceC.trubleD.excuse
      3.A.judgeB.vlunteerC.classmateD.cmpetitr
      4.A.raceB.schlC.twnD.training
      5.A.agreedB.returnedC.stppedD.prmised
      6.A.curageB.aidC.patienceD.advice
      7.A.went awayB.std upC.stepped asideD.bent dwn
      8.A.medicalB.publicC.cnstantD.equal
      9.A.interruptedB.assessedC.identifiedD.appreciated
      10.A.hungerB.painC.cldD.tiredness
      11.A.wrriedB.ashamedC.cnfusedD.discuraged
      12.A.gameB.prblemC.lessnD.deal
      13.A.leaveB.cureC.btherD.understand
      14.A.rideB.testC.meetD.shw
      15.A.secretB.displayC.benefitD.exchange
      【答案】
      1.D 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中,Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计;B. fllwed跟随;C. changed改变;D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin”可知,Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者,所以完成比赛晚了,因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误;B. chance机会;C. truble麻烦;D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey shuld have ____1____ the curse earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知,Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛,她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
      3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判;B. vlunteer志愿者;C. classmate同学;D. cmpetitr参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知,她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:据当地一家报纸报道,当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候,她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛;B. schl学校;C. twn城镇;D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知,此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。A. agreed同意;B. returned回来;C. stpped停止;D. prmised答应。根据下文“t help her fellw runner”可知,她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。故选C。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Bailey扶着她的胳膊,看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. curage勇气;B. aid帮助;C. patience耐心;D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey tk her arm”可知,此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
      7.考查动词短语辨析。句意:然后Bailey弯下腰,让Lenue爬到她的背上,一路背着她走到终点线,然后又走了300英尺,到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开; B. std up站起来;C. stepped aside让路;D. bent dwn弯腰。根据下文“let Lenue climb nt her back”可知,Bailey弯下腰,让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
      8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然后Bailey弯下腰,让Lenue爬到她的背上,一路背着她走到终点线,然后又走了300英尺,到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的;B. public公众的;C. cnstant持续不断的;D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知,Danielle Lenue很疼,所以是要接受治疗,medical attentin意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
      9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Lenue在那里接受了检查,后来被送往医院,在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断;B. assessed评估;C. identified识别;D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken t a hspital”可知,她是先接受了检查,再被送往医院,也就是先接受评估。故选B。
      10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果没有Bailey的帮助,她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿;B. pain疼痛;C. cld感冒;D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知,此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助,她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
      11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:至于Bailey,她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. wrried担心的;B. ashamed惭愧的;C. cnfused困惑的;D. discuraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知,Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情,所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
      12.考查名词词义辨析。句意:至于Bailey,她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏;B. prblem问题;C. lessn课;D. deal交易,局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知,Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情,所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑,a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
      13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不能离开她。A. leave离开;B. cure治愈;C. bther打扰;D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenue爬到她的背上,一路背着她走到终点线,然后又走了300英尺。可知,Bailey看见Lenue哭喊,所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
      14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人,但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程;B. test测试;C. meet体育比赛;D. shw展示。根据第一段“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”及空前的“the tw yung wmen were strangers befre”可知,当时是一场比赛,句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:两人都没有赢得比赛,但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密;B. display展示;C. benefit利益;D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin”可知,Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点,并背她去接受检查,这展示了人类的善良。故选B。
      C
      (2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷·高考)
      In April last year, I saw a pst n the PNP (Pilts N Paws) website frm a family in Tpeka. They had t mve t Virginia but they were n a very tight 1 . They culd nt affrd t pay fr 2 fr their dg, Tiffy, and 3 wanted t take her with them.
      It just 4 that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh 5 t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia. What I was t d was fly t Tpeka t 6 Tiffy.
      When I met Tiffy’s wners, they seemed very 7 . Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was 8 fr him, having t leave his dg t a 9 and trust that everything wuld 10 .
      After sme gdbyes, I asked Gerge and his wife t help me 11 Tiffy int the plane. I prmised t take care f Tiffy and 12 them as sn as we gt t Kansas City.
      The flight was 13 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 14 with Karen and made it back t Gerge in Virginia within a few days. He was s 15 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great t knw that I had helped bring this family tgether again.
      1.A.turnB.budgetC.scheduleD.cnnectin
      2.A.fdB.shelterC.medicineD.transprtatin
      3.A.desperatelyB.temprarilyC.secretlyD.riginally
      4.A.appearedB.prvedC.happenedD.shwed
      5.A.waitedB.fferedC.hurriedD.failed
      6.A.see ffB.lk frC.hand verD.pick up
      7.A.cnfusedB.nervusC.annyedD.curius
      8.A.hardB.fineC.cmmnD.lucky
      9.A.cwrkerB.passengerC.strangerD.neighbr
      10.A.speed upB.wrk utC.cme backD.take ff
      11.A.feedB.fllwC.changeD.lad
      12.A.callB.jinC.leaveD.serve
      13.A.unnecessaryB.unexpectedC.unavidableD.uneventful
      14.A.returnedB.fughtC.flewD.agreed
      15.A.thankfulB.generusC.prudD.sympathetic
      【答案】
      1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.D 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.A
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilts N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务,最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
      1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚,但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点;B. budget预算;C. schedule时间表;D. cnnectin联系。根据“They culd nt affrd t pay fr ___2___ fr their dg, Tiffy,”可知,这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费,又非常想带她一起走。A. fd食物;B. shelter庇护;C. medicine药;D. transprtatin交通。根据“They had t mve t Virginia but they were n a very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知,这个家庭的预算非常紧张,所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。
      3.考查副词词义辨析。句意:他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费,又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地;B. temprarily暂时地;C. secretly秘密地;D. riginally起初。根据“wanted t take her with them.”可知,这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行,他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现;B. prved证明;C. happened碰巧;D. shwed展示。根据“I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen,”可知,碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行,他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待;B. ffered提供、主动提出;C. hurried匆忙;D. failed失败。根据“t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.”可知,Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
      6.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see ff为……送行;B. lk fr寻找;C. hand ver移交;D. pick up接载。根据“What I was t d was fly t Tpeka”和常识可知,作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
      7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我见到Tiffy的主人时,他们看起来很紧张。A. cnfused困惑的;B. nervus紧张的;C. annyed恼怒的;D. curius好奇的。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___8___ fr him, having t leave his dg t a ___9___ and trust that everything wuld ___10___ .”可知,这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
      8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来,但我看得出来,这对他来说很难,他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人,并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. hard困难的;B. fine好的;C. cmmn常见的;D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying t be calm”以及下文“having t leave his dg t a ___9___ and trust that everything wuld ___10___ .”可推知,此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
      9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来,但我看得出来,这对他来说很难,他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人,并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. cwrker合作者;B. passenger乘客;C. stranger陌生人;D. neighbr邻居。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___8___ fr him,”可知,要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
      10.考查动词短语辨析。句意:丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来,但我看得出来,这对他来说很难,他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人,并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. speed up加速;B. wrk ut进展顺利;C. cme back回来;D. take ff起飞。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___8___ fr him,”可知,让狗的主人Gerge相信一个陌生人一切都会进展顺利,对他来说很难。故选B。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:道别之后,我让Gerge和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养;B. fllw跟随;C. change改变;D. lad装载。lad int装入。根据“Tiffy int the plane.”可知,作者让Gerge和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
      12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我答应过会照顾好Tiffy,一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话;B. jin加入;C. leave离开;D. serve服务。根据“as sn as we gt t Kansas City.”可知,作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
      13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这次飞行平安无事,Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的;B. unexpected意想不到的;C. unavidable不可避免的;D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知,这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
      14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天,她和Karen一起坐飞机,几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的Gerge那里。 A. returned返回;B. fught打仗;C. flew飞;D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh ___5___ t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.”可知,Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
      15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他非常感激,给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件,并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的;B. generus慷慨的;C. prud骄傲的;D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文,再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知,此处指对于作者的帮忙,Gerge非常感激。故选A。
      专题02 优秀模拟题
      A
      (25高三下·重庆南开中学·5月质检)
      When I was a child, my Aunt Julie had a dg named Sammy that always greeted us with a “dggy smile.” One afternn we were all 1 and ging ut fr a party. I dn’t remember the ccasin, but I d remember that we were in an awful 2 .
      Sammy, hwever, wasn’t in any hurry. The nly thing Sammy was 3 in was getting sme attentin. “N, Sammy, we cannt play.” my aunt 4 , “We have t g! Nw!” The 5 was that we culdn’t g, because Aunt Julie had misplaced her false teeth. The lnger we searched fr her teeth, the later we gt fr the event, the crsser Aunt Julie became, and the mre 6 Sammy seemed t demand. We 7 Sammy’s barking, as we lked wildly fr the missing false teeth.
      Finally, Aunt Julie 8 her breaking pint and gave up. She sank t the bttm f the stairs and cried. I sat next t her, 9 her with that special brand f wisdm eight-year-lds 10 . “It’s kay, Aunt Julie. We can still g, just dn’t smile.” I said, which made her cry even 11 .
      At that mment, Sammy gave a few 12 barks frm the tp f the stairs, and then was quiet. As we turned arund t see what she wanted, we bth explded int 13 . There std a “smiling” Sammy — with Aunt Julie’s false teeth in her muth — her tail wagging a hundred miles an hur. The message in her 14 eyes was bvius: I’ve been trying t tell yu fr a half hur — I knw where yur teeth are! It’s a(n) 15 that, thirty years later, still makes me laugh ut lud.
      1.A.taken inB.wken upC.dressed upD.called n
      2.A.rushB.fearC.shameD.regret
      3.A.disappintedB.expertC.absrbedD.cnfident
      4.A.whisperedB.scldedC.sbbedD.cntinued
      5.A.prblemB.riskC.principleD.secret
      6.A.praiseB.fdC.attentinD.sleep
      7.A.applaudedB.ignredC.imitatedD.recrded
      8.A.avidedB.delayedC.reachedD.passed
      9.A.cnfusingB.criticizingC.teasingD.cmfrting
      10.A.inventB.lackC.frgetD.pssess
      11.A.harderB.lessC.sfterD.quieter
      12.A.frightenedB.sharpC.aggressiveD.curius
      13.A.tearsB.sngC.angerD.laughter
      14.A.sparklingB.blankC.cldD.cruel
      15.A.puzzleB.sightC.thughtD.disaster
      【答案】
      1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.B
      【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和姑姑Julie以及姑姑的狗Sammy的故事。有一次他们准备去参加聚会,姑姑却找不到假牙了,萨米在一旁渴望得到关注,姑姑急得大哭,最后萨米嘴里叼着姑姑的假牙,那场景十分有趣,三十年后作者想起这件事仍会大笑。
      1.考查动词短语辨析。句意:一天下午,我们都盛装打扮,准备出去参加一个聚会。A. taken in吸收,理解;B. wken up唤醒;C. dressed up打扮;D. called n拜访。根据下文“ging ut fr a party”可知,大家是为了参加派对而打扮好。故选C项。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不记得是什么场合了,但我记得我们当时非常匆忙。A. rush匆忙;B. fear害怕;C. shame羞愧;D. regret后悔。根据下文“Sammy, hwever, wasn’t in any hurry.”可知,此处表示转折,与Sammy不急相反,大家当时很匆忙。故选A项。
      3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Sammy唯一专注的事情就是得到一些关注。A. disappinted失望的;B. expert熟练的;C. absrbed全神贯注的,一心一意的;D. cnfident自信的。根据下文“getting sme attentin.”可知,Sammy唯一关心的是得到一些关注。故选C项。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“不,Sammy,我们不能玩。”姑姑斥责道,“我们得走了!现在就走!”A. whispered低语;B. sclded责备;C. sbbed啜泣;D. cntinued继续。根据上文“N, Sammy, we cannt play.”可知,姑姑是在责备Sammy。故选B项。
      5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:问题是我们走不了,因为姑姑Julie把她的假牙放错地方了。A. prblem问题;B. risk风险;C. principle原则;D. secret秘密。根据下文“because Aunt Julie had misplaced her false teeth.”可知,姑姑找不到假牙,所以大家没办法出发去参加派对,这是一个问题。故选A项。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们找假牙的时间越长,参加活动就越晚,姑姑Julie就变得越生气,萨米似乎就越渴望得到关注。A. praise赞扬;B. fd食物;C. attentin关注;D. sleep睡眠。根据上文“The nly thing Sammy was ____3____ in was getting sme attentin.”可知,Sammy一直想要获得关注,这里是说大家越着急找假牙,它就越要求得到关注。故选C项。
      7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们无视Sammy的叫声,疯狂地寻找丢失的假牙。A. applauded鼓掌;B. ignred忽略;C. imitated模仿;D. recrded记录。根据下文“as we lked wildly fr the missing false teeth”可知,作者他们疯狂地寻找丢失的假牙,忽略了Sammy的叫声。故选B项。
      8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:最后,姑姑Julie到了崩溃的边缘,放弃了。A. avided避免;B. delayed推迟;C. reached到达;D. passed通过。根据下文“and gave up”可知,Julie姑姑到了崩溃的边缘,放弃了。故选C项。
      9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我坐在她旁边,用八岁孩子所拥有的那种特别的智慧安慰她。A. cnfusing使困惑;B. criticizing批评;C. teasing取笑;D. cmfrting安慰。根据上文“She sank t the bttm f the stairs and cried.”可知,作者坐在她旁边,安慰她。故选D项。
      10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我坐在她旁边,用八岁孩子所拥有的那种特别的智慧安慰她。A. invent发明;B. lack缺乏;C. frget忘记;D. pssess拥有。根据下文““It’s kay, Aunt Julie. We can still g, just dn’t smile.””可知,八岁孩子所拥有的那种特殊的智慧来安慰阿姨,虽然这种智慧可能很幼稚,但作者确实是想用自己的方式安慰她。故选D项。
      11.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我说,这让她哭得更厉害了。A. harder更厉害地;B. less更少地;C. sfter更柔软地;D. quieter更安静地。根据上文“which made her cry”可知,作者说的话没有起到安慰作用,反而让姑姑哭得更厉害了。故选A项。
      12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在这时,萨米在楼梯顶上叫了几声,然后安静了下来。A. frightened害怕的;B. sharp尖锐的;C. aggressive有侵略性的;D. curius好奇的。根据上文“The nly thing Sammy was ____3____ in was getting sme attentin.”可知,这里形容Sammy的叫声,它发出几声尖锐的叫声来引起大家的注意。故选B项。
      13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们转过身去看它想要什么时,我们俩都爆发出笑声。A. tears眼泪;B. sng歌曲;C. anger愤怒;D. laughter笑声。根据下文“There std a “smiling” Sammy — with Aunt Julie’s false teeth in her muth — her tail wagging a hundred miles an hur.”可知,大家看到Sammy嘴里叼着假牙的样子很滑稽,所以都笑了起来。故选D项
      14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:它那闪闪发光的眼睛传达的信息很明显:我已经试图告诉你半个小时了——我知道你的假牙在哪里!A. sparkling闪闪发光的;B. blank空白的;C. cld寒冷的;D. cruel残酷的。根据下文“I’ve been trying t tell yu fr a half hur — I knw where yur teeth are!”可知,这里用来形容Sammy的眼睛,表现出它的机灵和得意,好像在说它早就知道假牙在哪里了。故选A项。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这一幕,三十年后,仍然会让我放声大笑。A. puzzle谜;B. sight景象;C. thught想法;D. disaster灾难。根据上文“There std a “smiling” Sammy — with Aunt Julie’s false teeth in her muth — her tail wagging a hundred miles an hur.”可知,Sammy叼着假牙的情景,即使过了三十年,作者一想到还是会大笑。故选B项。
      B
      (25-26上·福建全国名校联盟·期中)
      They keep appearing in my feed: charming pictures f cheerful children as they dive int a water park r dig int an ice cream treat. Such a pst frm a friend 1 me this afternn. Her sn seemed 2 , yet the wrds felt heavy: “This is in case he tells a psychlgist abut his 3 childhd smeday.”
      The wrds settled deep within me. As a psychlgist and parent, I 4 this urge t well. There has been a lt f parent shaming and 5 nwadays, creating a sense that every parent is ptentially ging t be 6 . It makes sense fr smene facing judgment t prepare their 7 fr the defense as early as pssible. Hw ften had I, t, 8 my scial media psts t prve my children’s happiness — and my wn wrth?
      But phts capture (捕捉) nly expressins, nt 9 . A teen can pse with cusins smiling while feeling 10 unseen. Security grws nt frm delicate pictures, but frm genuine cnnectin— frm being truly 11 and appreciated in daily life.
      That evening, I put my phne away and sat with my daughter. “Tell me abut yur day.” I said. Surprise flashed acrss her face, then gradually turned int 12 as she began t share her wrld, even the 13 parts — abut arguments with friends and the pressures in study. I listened withut 14 the mment n a device. Our cnversatin wasn’t perfect, but hnest. And in her eyes, I saw smething reassuring — 15 , which means s much mre t me than any nline apprval.
      1.A.amusedB.cncernedC.cnfusedD.cmfrted
      2.A.nervusB.gratefulC.curiusD.jyful
      3.A.busyB.adventurusC.difficultD.quiet
      4.A.understdB.ignredC.resistedD.cntrlled
      5.A.investingB.cachingC.judgingD.struggling
      6.A.n trialB.at easeC.in chargeD.under threat
      7.A.speechB.evidenceC.strategyD.budget
      8.A.deletedB.analyzedC.reviewedD.plished
      9.A.lessnsB.cnceptsC.chicesD.emtins
      10.A.ttallyB.randmlyC.casuallyD.suddenly
      11.A.infrmedB.valuedC.educatedD.celebrated
      12.A.panicB.regretC.reliefD.pride
      13.A.unreasnableB.unimprtantC.unavailableD.unpleasant
      14.A.recrdingB.assessingC.chsingD.recalling
      15.A.passinB.trustC.desireD.sympathy
      【答案】
      1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.B
      【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者从朋友社交媒体上的一条帖子出发,反思了当下家长因担心被评判而通过精修照片“证明”孩子幸福的现象。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:今天下午,一位朋友的帖子让我感到担忧。A. amused使发笑;B. cncerned使担忧;C. cnfused使困惑;D. cmfrted安慰。根据下文“yet the wrds felt heavy”以及帖子内容“This is in case he tells a psychlgist abut his 3 childhd smeday.”可知,朋友看似开心的照片配文却沉重,这让作者感到“担忧”,故选B。
      2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她的儿子看起来很快乐,但文字却让人感到沉重:“这是以防他某天跟心理医生说起自己艰难的童年。”A. nervus紧张的;B. grateful感激的;C. curius好奇的;D. jyful快乐的。根据上文“charming pictures f cheerful children”以及照片呈现的场景(玩水公园、吃冰淇淋)可知,孩子表面上“快乐”,与后文沉重的文字形成对比,故选D。
      3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她的儿子看起来很快乐,但文字却让人感到沉重:“这是以防他某天跟心理医生说起自己艰难的童年。”A. busy忙碌的;B. adventurus爱冒险的;C. difficult艰难的;D. quiet安静的。根据上文“the wrds felt heavy”以及“tells a psychlgist”(跟心理医生倾诉)的语境可知,此处指可能被描述为“艰难的”童年,故选C。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一名心理学家和家长,我太理解这种冲动了。A. understd理解;B. ignred忽视;C. resisted抵抗;D. cntrlled控制。根据上文作者的双重身份(心理学家+家长)以及下文“ Hw ften had I, t”可知,作者自身也有过类似经历,因此“理解”这种冲动,故选A。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:如今有很多对家长的羞辱和评判,让人觉得每个家长都有可能被告上“审判席”。A. investing投资;B. caching指导;C. judging评判;D. struggling挣扎。根据上文“parent shaming”(家长羞辱)以及下文“facing judgment”可知,此处与“羞辱”并列,指对家长的“评判”,故选C。
      6.考查介词短语辨析。句意:如今有很多对家长的羞辱和评判,让人觉得每个家长都有可能被告上“审判席”。A. n trial受审判;B. at ease舒适自在;C. in charge负责;D. under threat受到威胁。根据上文“parent shaming and 5 ”以及下文“facing judgment”可知,家长面临被评判的压力,仿佛可能被“审判”,故选A。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:对于面临评判的人来说,尽早准备辩护证据是合理的。A. speech演讲;B. evidence证据;C. strategy策略;D. budget预算。根据下文“scial media psts t prve my children’s happiness”可知,家长通过社交媒体帖子“证明”孩子幸福,这些帖子相当于辩护的“证据”,故选B。
      8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不也经常精修社交媒体上的帖子,以证明我的孩子是幸福的——以及我自己的价值吗?A. deleted删除;B. analyzed分析;C. reviewed复习;D. plished打磨,精修。根据上文“prepare their 7 fr the defense”以及下文“prve my children’s happiness”可知,家长为了“证明”而对帖子进行“精修”,使其呈现完美状态,故选D。
      9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但照片只能捕捉表情,不能捕捉情绪。A. lessns教训;B. cncepts概念;C. chices选择;D. emtins情绪。根据下文“A teen can pse with cusins smiling while feeling 10 unseen”可知,青少年可能表面微笑,内心却感到不被看见,说明照片无法反映真实“情绪”,故选D。
      10.考查副词词义辨析。句意:一个青少年可能和表兄弟姐妹摆姿势微笑,却完全感觉不被看见。A. ttally完全地;B. randmly随机地;C. casually随意地;D. suddenly突然地。根据上文“phts capture nly expressins, nt 9 ”可知,表面的微笑与内心的感受完全不符,此处强调“完全”不被看见,故选A。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:安全感并非来自精致的照片,而是来自真诚的联结——来自日常生活中被真正重视和欣赏。A. infrmed告知;B. valued重视;C. educated教育;D. celebrated庆祝。根据下文“and appreciated”(被欣赏)可知,此处为并列关系,指被“重视”和欣赏,故选B。
      12.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她脸上闪过一丝惊讶,然后逐渐转为释然,开始分享她的世界,甚至是那些不愉快的部分——关于和朋友的争吵以及学习上的压力。A. panic恐慌;B. regret后悔;C. relief释然,放松;D. pride骄傲。根据下文“began t share her wrld, even the 13 parts”可知,女儿从惊讶转为愿意分享,内心是“释然”的,故选C。
      13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她脸上闪过一丝惊讶,然后逐渐转为释然,开始分享她的世界,甚至是那些不愉快的部分——关于和朋友的争吵以及学习上的压力。A. unreasnable不合理的;B. unimprtant不重要的;C. unavailable难以获得的;D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据下文“arguments with friends and the pressures in study”(与朋友争吵、学习压力)可知,这些都是“不愉快的”经历,故选D。
      14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我没有用设备记录这一刻,只是倾听着。A. recrding记录;B. assessing评估;C. chsing选择;D. recalling回忆。根据上文“put my phne away”以及“withut”的转折可知,作者没有用手机等设备“记录”这次对话,而是专注倾听,故选A。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在她的眼睛里,我看到了令人安心的东西——信任,这对我来说比任何线上的认可都重要得多。A. passin热情;B. trust信任;C. desire渴望;D. sympathy同情。根据上文女儿愿意分享不愉快的经历和下文“which means s much mre t me than any nline apprval”,以及上文“hnest”(坦诚的)对话可知,这体现了女儿对作者的“信任”,故选B。
      C
      (25-26高三上·江苏连云港·期中)
      Three black-headed waterbirds circled abve Mapam Yumc Lake, the wrld’s highest freshwater lake. Near the lake, 42-year-ld Dradul has 1 as a guardian f the wetland fr mre than a decade.
      By mid-mrning n a typical wrking day, Dradul will be circling the lake n his mtrcycle, cvering a 2 rute stretching nearly 10 kilmeters. In his bag are binculars fr bserving waterbirds, a ntebk fr recrding wildlife species and 3 , and garbage bags fr cllecting litter. He als carries what he calls his “life-saving 4 ” — fd, water, and tls fr animal rescues.
      Mapam Yumc Lake, knwn as the “Mther f Rivers,” 5 the headwaters f fur majr Asian rivers, sustaining life far beynd the Himalayas. The guardians’ tasks may seem 6 — patrlling (巡逻), recrding, respnding t threats — but in this delicate ecsystem, even small actins carry weight.
      Last year, they rescued an eagle with a brken wing, nursing it back t 7 . This July, they sptted a wild Yak trapped in a mudflat, and they 8 pulled it t safety. Beynd rescues, much f a guardian’s wrk invlves preventing 9 littering everywhere. Thanks t their effrts, the wetland’s 10 has steadily imprved.
      Yet the wrk isn’t easy. Climate change pses the biggest 11 , changing shrelines and damaging grassland. Besides, while mst visitrs 12 the rules, sme litter r even wash cars in the lake. With vast areas t cver, Dradul hpes t use mre technlgies t help them better fulfill their 13 .
      14 challenges, Dradul believes the lake will never grw ld, with mre yung peple 15 the respnsibility f prtectin.
      1.A.peratedB.recgnizedC.servedD.perfrmed
      2.A.fixedB.cnstantC.straightD.temprary
      3.A.schlsB.numbersC.prblemsD.habitats
      4.A.equipmentB.deviceC.systemD.kit
      5.A.cntrlsB.createsC.dividesD.feeds
      6.A.urgentB.crucialC.cnstructiveD.rutine
      7.A.freedmB.lifeC.healthD.strength
      8.A.carefullyB.hardlyC.freelyD.desperately
      9.A.friendsB.settlersC.visitrsD.strangers
      10.A.restratinB.managementC.sceneryD.ecsystem
      11.A.challengeB.dilemmaC.puzzleD.slutin
      12.A.breakB.respectC.discverD.change
      13.A.dutiesB.prmisesC.bjectivesD.dreams
      14.A.WithB.DespiteC.AbutD.Thrugh
      15.A.taking upB.taking utC.taking inD.taking dwn
      【答案】
      1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.A
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了湿地守护者Dradul十多年来守护玛旁雍错湖,应对挑战保护生态的故事。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在湖边,42岁的Dradul担任湿地守护者已有十多年。A. perated操作;B. recgnized认可;C. served服务;D. perfrmed表演。根据后文“as a guardian f the wetland”可知,此处表示担任湿地守护者,serve as表示“担任”。故选C。
      2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在典型的工作日,到了上午中段时间,Dradul会骑着摩托车绕湖巡逻,走一条近10公里的固定路线。A. fixed固定的;B. cnstant持续的;C. straight直的;D. temprary临时的。根据前文“Dradul will be circling the lake n his mtrcycle”和后文“stretching nearly 10 kilmeters”可知,守护者的巡逻路线通常是固定的、有规律的。fixed更符合“巡逻路线”的特点,故选A。
      3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他的包里装有观察水鸟的双筒望远镜、记录野生动物种类和数量的笔记本,以及收集垃圾的垃圾袋。A. schls学校;B. numbers数量;C. prblems问题;D. habitats栖息地。与前文“wildlife species(野生动物种类)”并列记录的,最可能是观察到的“数量”。故选B。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他还携带他称之为“救生装备”的东西——食物、水以及动物救援工具。A. equipment设备;B. device装置;C. system系统;D. kit装备。根据后文“fd, water, and tls fr animal rescues”可知,这些都是成套的应急物品,kit常指一套用于特定目的的物品,此处用“life-saving kit”非常贴切。故选D。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:玛旁雍错湖被称为“万河之母”,是亚洲四条主要河流的源头,养育着喜马拉雅山以外的生命。A. cntrls控制;B. creates创造;C. divides划分;D. feeds养育。根据后文“the headwaters f fur majr Asian rivers, sustaining life far beynd the Himalayas”可知,湖泊是河流的源头,为其提供水源,因此用“feeds”最为准确。故选D。
      6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:守护者的任务可能看似例行公事——巡逻、记录、应对威胁——但在这个脆弱的生态系统中,即使是小行动也有分量。A. urgent紧急的;B. crucial关键的;C. cnstructive建设性的;D. rutine例行的。根据后文“patrlling, recrding, respnding t threats”可知,这些是守护者日常重复进行的工作,rutine表示“常规的”,与后文“even small actins carry weight”形成转折,符合逻辑。故选D。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:去年,他们救了一只翅膀折断的鹰,将其护理至康复。A. freedm自由;B. life生命;C. health健康;D. strength力量。根据“rescued an eagle with a brken wing”可知,此处表示将其护理至康复,nursing sb. back t health表示“使某人康复”。故选C。
      8.考查副词词义辨析。句意:今年七月,他们发现一头野牦牛被困在泥滩中,他们小心翼翼地将其拉至安全地带。A. carefully小心地;B. hardly几乎不;C. freely自由地;D. desperately绝望地。根据前文“a wild Yak trapped in a mudflat”可知,救援被困动物需要小心操作,避免造成二次伤害,carefully符合情境。故选A。
      9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:除了救援,守护者的大部分工作还包括防止游客到处乱扔垃圾。A. friends朋友;B. settlers定居者;C. visitrs游客;D. strangers陌生人。根据“littering everywhere”和下一段提到“mst visitrs 12 the rules, sme litter r even wash cars in the lake.”,可知乱扔垃圾的主要是游客。故选C。
      10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于他们的努力,湿地的生态系统稳步改善。A. restratin恢复;B. management管理;C. scenery风景;D. ecsystem生态系统。根据后文“has steadily imprved”并结合前文提到守护者进行巡逻、记录物种、清理垃圾、救助动物可知,这些都是为了保护整个生态系统的健康。“生态系统稳步改善”直接对应其工作成果。故选D。
      11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,这项工作并不容易。气候变化构成了最大的挑战,改变了海岸线并破坏了草地。A. challenge挑战;B. dilemma困境;C. puzzle谜题;D. slutin解决方案。根据后文“changing shrelines and damaging grassland”可知,此处表示气候变化构成了最大的挑战,故选A。
      12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:此外,虽然大多数游客遵守规则,但有些人乱扔垃圾,甚至在湖里洗车。A. break打破;B. respect尊重,遵守;C. discver发现;D. change改变。根据后文“sme litter r even wash cars in the lake”可知,此处与“sme”形成对比,指大多数人是“遵守”规则的。故选B。
      13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于要覆盖的面积很大,Dradul希望使用更多技术来帮助他们更好地履行职责。A. duties职责;B. prmises承诺;C. bjectives目标;D. dreams梦想。根据前文提到的“patrlling, recrding, respnding t threats”可知,这些均是守护者的 “职责”,fulfill their duties表示“履行职责”。故选A。
      14.考查介词词义辨析。句意:尽管面临挑战,Dradul相信,随着越来越多的年轻人承担起保护责任,这个湖永远不会老去。A. With和;B. Despite尽管;C. Abut关于;D. Thrugh通过。根据“challenges”和“the lake will never grw ld”可知,后半句表达积极信念,与前文提到的困难构成让步关系,“尽管有挑战”。故选B。
      15.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. taking up承担;B. taking ut取出;C. taking in吸收;D. taking dwn记下。根据“the respnsibility f prtectin”可知,此处表示年轻人“承担起”保护的责任,应用take up。故选A。
      D
      (2025高三下·河北省A9联盟·三模)
      A cuple frm Maryland stranded (滞留) in the freezing cld n a Virginia highway withut fd. As the hurs passed, they grew 1 hungry and discuraged.
      After nearly 21 hurs f being 2 n 95 Suth, Casey and her husband Jhn slept there vernight and nt having 3 t fd r water. At that time, they 4 a Schmidt Baking C. truck ahead f them. “Many had small children r were elderly, and they hadn’t eaten fr almst an entire day,” Casey said. 5 fr help, they decided t 6 Schmidt Bakery t see if they culd prvide sme much- needed 7 fr them, as well as thers in the same predicament (困境).
      “I didn’t think it wuld actually wrk,” said Casey, wh 8 a message with custmer service. But t their 9 , 20 minutes later, they actually gt help frm Chuck Paterakis, the 10 f the bakery. He tld them t 11 the truck driver, Rn, wh had been authrized t 12 bread t 50 mtrists (驾车者). The cuple jined Rn in delivering the bread, and sn thers jined in, resulting in abut 300 laves being handed ut.
      “It was amazing t 13 peple’s gratitude and t see their 14 when they finally had fd. This was ne f the kindest mments I have ever 15 ,” Casey recalled.
      1.A.equallyB.increasinglyC.eagerlyD.simply
      2.A.availableB.inspiredC.stuckD.strange
      3.A.accessB.addictinC.adaptatinD.reactin
      4.A.spttedB.chseC.acceptedD.described
      5.A.suitableB.IdealC.DesperateD.Thankful
      6.A.penB.cntactC.questinD.warn
      7.A.equipmentB.fdC.clthingD.advice
      8.A.translatedB.cmplainedC.recitedD.left
      9.A.surpriseB.regretC.disappintmentD.hnr
      10.A.spnsrB.ckC.wnerD.custmer
      11.A.prtectB.apprachC.rescueD.trust
      12.A.call ffB.lk intC.fcus nD.hand ut
      13.A.hearB.exchangeC.predictD.prevent
      14.A.tirednessB.pressureC.reliefD.bravery
      15.A.fllwedB.celebratedC.searchedD.witnessed
      【答案】
      1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.D
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述一对夫妇在弗吉尼亚高速公路滞留近21小时,饥寒交迫。他们联系施密特面包店求助,意外获老板相助,司机分发面包,众人受益,夫妇目睹这一暖心时刻。
      1.考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着时间的流逝,他们越来越饥饿和沮丧。A. equally平等地;B. increasingly越来越多地,逐渐增加地;C. eagerly急切地;D. simply简单地。根据上文“As the hurs passed”可知,随着时间推移,饥饿和沮丧的程度在增加,increasingly符合语境,故选B项。
      2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在95号州际公路南段被困近21个小时后,Casey和她的丈夫Jhn在那里过夜,无法获得食物和水。A. available可获得的;B. inspired受到鼓舞的;C. stuck被困住的;D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“A cuple frm Maryland stranded (滞留) in the freezing cld n a Virginia highway withut fd.”可知,他们是被困在路上,stuck符合语境,故选C项。
      3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在95号州际公路南段被困近21个小时后,Casey和她的丈夫Jhn在那里过夜,无法获得食物和水。A. access进入,使用的机会;B. addictin上瘾;C. adaptatin适应;D. reactin反应。根据上文“stranded (滞留) in the freezing cld”可知,被困在高速公路,所以这里指没有机会获得食物和水,access符合语境,have access t“有机会获得”。故选A项。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:就在那时,他们发现前方有一辆施密特烘焙公司的卡车。A. sptted发现;B. chse选择;C. accepted接受;D. described描述。根据上文“Schmidt Baking C. truck ahead f them”可知,他们看到了前方的卡车,sptted符合语境,故选A项。
      5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:由于极度渴望得到帮助,他们决定联系施密特面包店,看看面包店是否能为他们以及其他处于同样困境的人提供一些急需的食物。A. suitable合适的;B. Ideal理想的;C. Desperate渴望的;D. Thankful感激的。根据上文“hungry and discuraged”可知,他们极度渴望得到帮助,Desperate符合语境,故选C项。
      6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于极度渴望得到帮助,他们决定联系施密特面包店,看看面包店是否能为他们以及其他处于同样困境的人提供一些急需的食物。A. pen打开;B. cntact联系;C. questin询问;D. warn警告。根据下文“a message with custmer service”可知,他们是联系面包店,cntact符合语境,故选B项。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于极度渴望得到帮助,他们决定联系施密特面包店,看看面包店是否能为他们以及其他处于同样困境的人提供一些急需的食物。A. equipment设备;B. fd食物;C. clthing衣服;D. advice建议。根据上文“hungry”可知,他们急需食物,fd符合语境,故选B项。
      8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Casey说:“我没想到这真的会有用。”她给客服留了一条信息。A. translated翻译;B. cmplained抱怨;C. recited背诵;D. left留下。根据下文“a message with custmer service”可知,这里指Casey给客服留言,leave a message“留言”,left符合语境,故选D项。
      9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但令他们惊讶的是,20分钟后,他们真的得到了面包店老板Chuck Paterakis的帮助。A. surprise惊讶;B. regret后悔;C. disappintment失望;D. hnr荣誉。根据上文“I didn’t think it wuld actually wrk”可知,得到帮助让他们很惊讶,surprise符合语境,故选A项。
      10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但令他们惊讶的是,20分钟后,他们真的得到了面包店老板Chuck Paterakis的帮助。A. spnsr赞助商;B. ck厨师;C. wner主人,老板;D. custmer顾客。根据上文“gt help frm Chuck Paterakis”可知,Chuck Paterakis是能授权司机分发面包的老板,wner符合语境,故选C项。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他告诉他们去找卡车司机Rn,Rn已被授权向50名驾车者分发面包。A. prtect保护;B. apprach靠近,找……帮忙;C. rescue营救;D. trust信任。根据下文“the truck driver, Rn, wh had been authrized t 50 mtrists (驾车者)”可知,老板让他们去找司机,apprach符合语境,故选B项。
      12.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他告诉他们去找卡车司机Rn,Rn已被授权向50名驾车者分发面包。A. call ff取消;B. lk int调查;C. fcus n专注于;D. hand ut分发。根据下文“abut 300 laves being handed ut”可知,是分发面包,hand ut符合语境,故选D项。
      13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Casey回忆说:“听到人们的感激之情,看到他们最终有食物时如释重负的样子,真是太棒了。这是我见过的最善良的时刻之一。”A. hear听到;B. exchange交换;C. predict预测;D. prevent阻止。根据下文“peple’s gratitude”以及常识可知,人们表达感激之情,应该是听到,hear符合语境,故选A项。
      14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Casey回忆说:“听到人们的感激之情,看到他们最终有食物时如释重负的样子,真是太棒了。这是我见过的最善良的时刻之一。”A. tiredness疲惫;B. pressure压力;C. relief宽慰,如释重负;D. bravery勇敢。根据下文“when they finally had fd”可知,人们得到食物,应该是如释重负的表情,relief符合语境,故选C项。
      15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Casey回忆说:“听到人们的感激之情,看到他们最终有食物时如释重负的样子,真是太棒了。这是我见过的最善良的时刻之一。”A. fllwed跟随;B. celebrated庆祝;C. searched搜索;D. witnessed目睹。根据上文“the kindest mments”可知,这里指Casey目睹了这一时刻,witnessed符合语境,故选D项。
      E
      (2025·湖南长沙长郡中学·二模)
      When I was yung, my mm nticed smething different in me. I had truble distinguishing my right frm left and ften 1 the frnt yard with the back yard. By 3rd grade, my teacher, recgnizing my 2 in class, suggested I be tested fr learning disabilities. At that age, being 3 as “slw” r “stupid”, like children attending the resurce rm, was unbearable. S it tk my mm days f 4 befre I agreed t get tested.
      The results revealed I was indeed learning disabled, and initially I kept it 5 . Frm 3rd t 6th grade, I attended the resurce rm, putting effrts int making excuses t avid explaining the truth t my classmates. In 7th and 8th grade, I gt better at 6 .
      Hwever, things tk a 7 in high schl. One day, while sme students were mcking (嘲弄) a friend fr his learning ability, I nervusly stepped up and 8 that I shared ne t. 9 , rather than mcking me, they became curius, likely because they’d always cnsidered me a “ 10 ” student, fr I excelled in subjects that rarely 11 skills impacted by my disability.
      That experience made me realize peple simply 12 learning disabilities. I decided t 13 , share my stry and change cnditins f thse with learning disabilities. Nw, I’m pursuing my Master’s degree. The mst rewarding aspect f my jurney isn’t awards r graduatin, but 14 students like me. One persn can make a difference and I am a great 15 f that.
      1.A.replacedB.cnfusedC.assciatedD.cmpared
      2.A.struggleB.prgressC.expressinD.pressure
      3.A.mistakenB.acceptedC.labelledD.explained
      4.A.discussinB.persuasinC.negtiatinD.argument
      5.A.psitiveB.manageableC.rganizedD.hidden
      6.A.set-upsB.make-upsC.pick-upsD.cver-ups
      7.A.turnB.stepC.chanceD.stand
      8.A.deniedB.pretendedC.admittedD.ensured
      9.A.AstnishinglyB.DiscuraginglyC.AbslutelyD.Naturally
      10.A.ppularB.smartC.sympatheticD.cmmn
      11.A.displayedB.enhancedC.plishedD.required
      12.A.devaluedB.uncveredC.misinterpretedD.disregarded
      13.A.drp utB.speak utC.settle dwnD.calm dwn
      14.A.identifyingB.understandingC.encunteringD.backing
      15.A.exampleB.instructrC.symblD.gainer
      【答案】
      1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.A
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,作者讲述了自己从发现学习障碍到勇敢面对并努力改变现状的经历。小时候作者因区分左右困难等被老师建议进行学习障碍测试,确诊后一直隐瞒。高中时一次为朋友挺身而出承认自己也有学习障碍,却意外收获同学们的好奇而非嘲笑,这让作者意识到人们对学习障碍存在误解,于是决定站出来分享经历,帮助像自己一样的学生。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我很难区分左右,还常常把前院和后院弄混。A. replaced替换;B. cnfused混淆;C. assciated联系;D. cmpared比较。根据“I had truble distinguishing my right frm left” 可知,这里是说把前后院弄混,故选B。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:到了三年级,我的老师察觉到我在课堂上的吃力,建议我做学习障碍测试。A. struggle吃力,挣扎;B. prgress进步;C. expressin表达;D. pressure压力。根据下文“suggested I be tested fr learning disabilities.”可知,老师建议做测试,说明作者在课堂学习有困难,故选A。
      3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在那个年纪,像那些去资源教室(接受特殊教育)的孩子一样被贴上 “迟钝” 或 “愚蠢” 的标签,是无法忍受的。A. mistaken误解;B. accepted接受;C. labelled贴标签;D. explained解释。根据下文“as “slw” r “stupid””可知,这里指被贴上不好的标签,故选C。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:所以我妈妈花了好几天时间劝说,我才同意去做测试。A. discussin讨论;B. persuasin劝说;C. negtiatin协商;D. argument争论。根据下文“befre I agreed t get tested.”可知,因为作者不想被贴标签,所以妈妈需要劝说,故选B。
      5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:结果显示我确实有学习障碍,最初我一直隐瞒这件事。A. psitive积极的;B. manageable可处理的;C. rganized有条理的;D. hidden隐藏的。根据下文“Frm 3rd t 6th grade, I attended the resurce rm, putting effrts int making excuses t avid explaining the truth t my classmates.”可知,作者隐瞒了这件事,故选D。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在七、八年级的时候,我更擅长掩饰(自己有学习障碍这件事)。A. set-ups设置;B. make-ups化妆品,编造;C. pick-ups采样器;D. cver-ups掩饰。根据上文“avid explaining the truth t my classmates.”可知,作者不想让同学知道,所以随着年龄的增长更擅长掩饰,故选D。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,高中时事情有了转变。A. turn转变;B. step步骤;C. chance机会;D. stand立场。根据下文“I nervusly stepped up I shared ne t.”可知,下文叙述了作者从隐瞒到承认的转变,take a turn 表示 “发生转变”,故选A。
      8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天,当一些学生嘲笑一个朋友的学习能力时,我紧张地站出来,承认我也有学习障碍。A. denied否认;B. pretended假装;C. admitted承认;D. ensured确保。根据下文“I shared ne t”可知,作者承认自己也有学习障碍,故选C。
      9.考查副词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,他们没有嘲笑我,反而变得很好奇,可能是因为他们一直认为我是个 “聪明” 的学生,因为我在很少需要受我残疾影响的技能的科目上表现出色。A. Astnishingly令人惊讶地;B. Discuragingly令人沮丧地;C. Abslutely绝对地;D. Naturally自然地。根据下文“rather than mcking me”可知,同学们的反应出乎作者意料,故选A。
      10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,他们没有嘲笑我,反而变得很好奇,可能是因为他们一直认为我是个 “聪明” 的学生,因为我擅长那些几乎不需要受我学习障碍所影响的技能的科目。A. ppular受欢迎的;B. smart聪明的;C. sympathetic同情的;D. cmmn普通的。根据下文“fr I excelled in subjects”可知,作者在一些科目上表现出色,所以同学们认为他聪明,故选B。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,他们没有嘲笑我,反而变得很好奇,可能是因为他们一直认为我是个 “聪明” 的学生,因为我擅长那些几乎不需要受我学习障碍所影响的技能的科目。A. displayed展示;B. enhanced提高;C. plished润色;D. required需要。根据下文“skills impacted by my disability.”可知,这里指科目对学习障碍影响的技能需求少,故选D。
      12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那次经历让我意识到人们只是误解了学习障碍。A. devalued贬低;B. uncvered揭露;C. misinterpreted误解;D. disregarded忽视。根据上文“rather than mcking me, they became curius”并结合作者有学习障碍却能擅长一些科目可知,作者觉得大家误解了学习障碍,故选C。
      13.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我决定站出来,分享我的故事,改变那些有学习障碍的人的处境。A. drp ut辍学;B. speak ut公开表达,站出来说;C. settle dwn定居;D. calm dwn冷静下来。根据下文“share my stry and change cnditins f thse with learning disabilities.”可知,作者决定不再隐瞒,站出来分享经历,故选B。
      14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我这段经历最有意义的方面不是奖项或毕业,而是支持像我一样的学生。A. identifying识别;B. understanding理解;C. encuntering遇到;D. backing支持。根据上文“share my stry and change cnditins f thse with learning disabilities.”可知,作者分享经历是为了支持像自己一样的学生,故选D。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:一个人可以有所作为,我就是一个很好的例子。A. example例子;B. instructr指导者;C. symbl象征;D. gainer获得者。根据下文“like me”并结合作者克服学习障碍学习,并且用自己的经历来支持有相同经历的人可知,作者通过自身经历说明一个人能带来改变,自己就是例子,故选A。
      F
      (2024·浙江杭州二中·二模)
      Every Christmas, my mm wuld fill ur stckings with small tys and candies. At the very tip f the stcking, the very 1 thing that we wuld pull ut was an range. Fr years, I hated the traditin. It was 2 t pull an range ut f my 3 after uncvering s many fun and delicius treats. An range wasn’t special. I culd eat ne any time f the year, and it was just 4 rm that culd have been filled with mre candy.
      When I was thirteen, I 5 asked my mther why she put ranges in ur stckings. She 6 my grandfather had grwn up very pr. His father had a brain tumr that left him blind and 7 t wrk, s his mther relied n 8 frm the church t take care f her seven children. Every Christmas, a lcal church dnated a basket f fruit t their family. This was my grandfather’s favrite day f the year because it was the nly day when he culd eat fresh fruit. The ranges were his favrite because they 9 like sunshine. When he grew up, he always 10 t have a bwl f ranges arund at Christmastime s he culd 11 his favrite Christmas memry with his children.
      When my mm finished telling the stry, I felt 12 . In my rush t cllect as much candy as pssible, I had 13 t be grateful. Nw the range at the bttm f my stcking is a 14 t be grateful fr the beautiful Christmases that my parents gave me and fr the hard wrk they did that ensured I culd have a(n) 15 any day f the year.
      1.A.bestB.lastC.firstD.fast
      2.A.disappintingB.amazingC.appealingD.frightening
      3.A.rmB.bagC.stckingD.pcket
      4.A.blwing upB.building upC.taking upD.hlding up
      5.A.initiallyB.jyfullyC.casuallyD.eventually
      6.A.cmmentedB.describedC.explainedD.imagined
      7.A.unwillingB.unableC.qualifiedD.ambitius
      8.A.cntributinsB.inventinsC.pensinsD.dnatins
      9.A.tastedB.lkedC.tuchedD.felt
      10.A.settled dwnB.spke upC.made sureD.turned up
      11.A.shareB.exchangeC.appreciateD.discuss
      12.A.anxiusB.ashamedC.delightedD.excited
      13.A.frgttenB.expectedC.cntinuedD.agreed
      14.A.ceremnyB.traditinC.reminderD.memry
      15.A.partyB.festivalC.giftD.range
      【答案】
      1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了小时候过圣诞节时母亲总是会在袜子里装个橘子,而作者不理解,后来经过母亲的讲述了解了背后的故事,让作者从最初的不满到如今的感恩的故事。
      1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在袜子的最顶端,我们最后要拿出的是一个橙子。A. best最好的;B. last最后的;C. first第一;D. fast快的。根据上文“fill ur stckings with small tys and candies. At the very tip f the stcking”可知,其他好玩和美味的礼物已经拿出了,最后在袜子顶端的是橙子,故选B项。
      2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在发现这么多有趣和美味的食物后,从我的袜子里掏出一个橙子真是令人失望。A. disappinting人失望的;B. amazing惊艳的;C. appealing 吸引人的;D. frightening可怕的。根据上文“Fr years, I hated the traditin.”可知,作者对从袜子里拿出一个橙子感到失望,故选A项。
      3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在发现这么多有趣和美味的食物后,从我的袜子里掏出一个橙子真是令人失望。A. rm房间;B. bag包;C. stcking袜子;D. pcket口袋。根据上文“At the very tip f the stcking”可知,是从袜子里拿出橙子,故选C项。
      4.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:我可以在一年中的任何时候吃一个,它只是占用了本来可以装满更多糖果的空间。A. blwing up炸毁;B. building up建造;C. taking up占领;D. hlding up举起。根据“I culd eat ne any time f the year, and it was just 4 rm that culd have been filled with mre candy.”可知,此处是橙子被视为占据了本可以由更多糖果填满的位置,故选C项。
      5.考查副词词义辨析。句意:在我十三岁的时候,我终于问妈妈为什么把橘子放在我们的袜子里。A. initially最初;B. jyfully快乐;C. casually随意;D. eventually最终。根据上文“Fr years, I hated the traditin.”及“When I was thirteen, I 5 asked my mther”可知,作者不喜欢这个传统,但是终于在13岁时问母亲为什么在袜子里放橘子,故选D项。
      6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她解释说,我的祖父从小就很穷。A. cmmented评论;B. described描述;C. explained解释;D. imagined想象。根据上文“I 5 asked my mther why she put ranges in ur stckings”可知,母亲在此解释了为什么要放橙子在袜子里,故选C项。
      7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他的父亲患有脑瘤,导致他失明,无法工作,所以他的母亲依靠教会的捐赠来照顾她的七个孩子。A. unwilling不愿意;B. unable不能;C. qualified合格的;D. ambitius雄心勃勃的。根据上文“had a brain tumr that left him blind”可知,他的父亲是无法工作的,故选B项。
      8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他的父亲患有脑瘤,导致他失明,无法工作,所以他的母亲依靠教会的捐赠来照顾她的七个孩子。A. cntributins捐款;B. inventins发现;C. pensins养老金;D. dnatins捐赠。根据下文“frm the church t take care f her seven children”可知,母亲依靠教会为贫困家庭提供的捐赠来将七个孩字抚养,故选D项。
      9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:橙子是他的最爱,因为它们尝起来像阳光。A. tasted品尝;B. lked看过;C. tuched摸过;D. felt感觉到。根据“it was the nly day when he culd eat fresh fruit. The ranges were his favrite because they 9 like sunshine.”可知,只有在圣诞节这天他的祖父才能吃到新鲜的水果,橙子对他来说就像是阳光一样,tasted like sunshine是一个形象的表述,意在描述橙子带来的味觉感受,故选A项。
      10.考查动词词组词义辨析。句意:当他长大后,他总是确保在圣诞节期间随身携带一碗橙子,这样他就可以与孩子们分享他最喜欢的圣诞节记忆。A. settled dwn安定下来;B. spke up大声说出来;C. made sure确保;D. turned up出现。根据下文“t have a bwl f ranges arund at Christmastime”可知,此处是指祖父长大后在圣诞节期间,一定要确保随身带着一碗橙子,故选C项。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当他长大后,他总是确保在圣诞节期间随身携带一碗橙子,这样他就可以与孩子们分享他最喜欢的圣诞节记忆。A. share分享;B. exchange交流;C. appreciate欣赏;D. discuss讨论。根据下文“his favrite Christmas memry with his children”可知,祖父随身带着一碗橙子是为了和孩子们分享他最喜欢的圣诞节记忆,故选A项。
      12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我妈妈讲完这个故事时,我感到很惭愧。A. anxius焦虑的;B. ashamed羞愧的;C. delighted高兴的;D. excited兴奋的。根据上文“Fr years, I hated the traditin.”及下文“Nw the range at the bttm f my stcking is a 14 t be grateful fr the beautiful Christmases”可知,作者听了母亲的解释后态度发生了转变,为自己以前的行为感到惭愧,故选B项。
      13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在我匆匆忙忙地收集尽可能多的糖果时,我忘记了感恩。A. frgtten遗忘;B. expected意料之中;C. cntinued继续;D. agreed同意。根据上文“When my mm finished telling the stry, I felt 12 .”可知,听了母亲的故事后作者感到惭愧,此处是指在忙于获取尽可能多的糖果的过程中,忘记了感恩,故选A项。
      14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在,我袜子底部的橙色提醒我要感谢父母给我的美好圣诞节,以及他们所做的辛勤工作,确保我一年中的任何一天都能吃到橙子。A. ceremny仪式;B. traditin传统;C. reminder提醒;D. memry记忆。根据上文“Nw the range at the bttm f my stcking is a”可知,此处是指袜子底部橙色的象征意义,提醒作者要感恩,故选C项。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,我袜子底部的橙色提醒我要感谢父母给我的美好圣诞节,以及他们所做的辛勤工作,确保我一年中的任何一天都能吃到橙子。A. party派对;B. festival节日;C. gift礼物;D. range橙子。根据“ensured I culd have a(n) 15 any day f the year.”可知,此处是指作者通过句子提醒感恩父母,同时确保自己在任何一天都可以吃到橘子,与上文“he always 10 t have a bwl f ranges arund at Christmastime”前后呼应,故选D项。
      G
      (2025·高三·杭州学军中学·三模)
      We lived in Cleveland, Ohi. One afternn a cuple f summers ag, just as the sky was 1 , a wman I didn’t knw std 2 in ur drway, hlding the screen dr pen. I saw the silhuette (轮廓) f her head thrugh the windw. She didn’t feel well at all. S, I wndered, what shuld I d nw?
      This mment f decisin had 3 me befre. Fr nineteen years, we’ve lived at the 4 f a highway, which ften leads exhausted cars t ur huse. These travelers have all asked fr little things, such as the phne, a glass f water, r 5 directins. All have been strangers t me.
      Nwadays, we live in a wrld full f suspicin. Cnventinal wisdm advises that t 6 a gd persn is t be naive and risk terrible cnsequences. News is full f stries abut 7 wh unintentinally endanger themselves. There is n dubt that thse are true stries, but the lessn ges against my belief. Smetimes t d the right thing, yu must 8 . Must we fear all f thse whm we dn’t knw? Is ur wn persnal safety always the imprtant 9 ?
      Our lcatin 10 me t make difficult chices. The highway makes it impssible t 11 the wrld and relatinship t it. When smene appraches us fr help, I have t decide: D I help them r nt?
      I believe 12 thers wh need help endangers me, t. I’d rather risk my 13 safety than my peace f mind. I’d rather live my life acting ut f 14 than save it by living in uneasiness.
      S when the wman was sinking like the sun n my frnt drstep, I made my chice.
      I 1 the dr.
      1.A.clearingB.brighteningC.darkeningD.cluding
      2.A.sinkingB.drpingC.weepingD.shuting
      3.A.led tB.respnded tC.appealed tD.happened t
      4.A.exitB.heartC.entranceD.peak
      5.A.evenB.merelyC.mainlyD.randmly
      6.A.wrk asB.learn frmC.act asD.hear frm
      7.A.explrersB.survivrsC.victimsD.adventurers
      8.A.take actinB.take respnsibilityC.take ntesD.take risks
      9.A.adviceB.cnsideratinC.ideasD.criterin
      10.A.frcesB.allwsC.mtivatesD.begs
      11.A.ignreB.greetC.nticeD.fight
      12.A.acceptingB.rejectingC.embracingD.disliking
      13.A.virtualB.emtinalC.physicalD.spiritual
      14.A.necessityB.envyC.curisityD.mercy
      15.A.penedB.lckedC.clsedD.pushed
      【答案】
      1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.A
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在陌生人求助时选择信任与帮助的故事。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:几年前的一个夏天下午,正当天空渐渐变暗时,一个我不认识的女人无力地靠在我们家门边,把纱门撑开着。A. clearing放晴;B. brightening变亮;C. darkening变暗;D. cluding给……蒙上阴影。根据后文“the wman was sinking like the sun”可知,此处指天色变暗,故选C。
      2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:几年前的一个夏天下午,正当天空渐渐变暗时,一个我不认识的女人无力地靠在我们家门边,把纱门撑开着。A. sinking下沉、瘫倒;B. drping无力下垂;C. weeping哭泣;D. shuting喊叫。根据后文“She didn’t feel well at all. ”可知,女士身体不适,drping形象描述其虚弱状态,故选B。
      3.考查动词短语辨析。句意:这种决策时刻以前也发生在我身上。A. led t导致;B. respnded t回应;C. appealed t吸引;D. happened t发生在……身上。根据前文“what shuld I d nw?”可知,过去也曾遇到陌生人求助需要作决定的情况,故选D。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:十九年来,我们一直住在这条高速公路的出口处,常常有筋疲力尽的车辆开到我们家门口求助。A. exit出口;B. heart中心;C. entrance入口;D. peak顶峰。根据后文“exhausted cars t ur huse”可知,房子位于高速公路出口,司机常在此处停靠求助,故选A。
      5.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这些旅客都索要小物件,比如电话、一杯水,或仅仅问路。A. even甚至;B. merely仅仅;C. mainly主要;D. randmly随机地。根据前文“ r”可知,强调或只是“问路”,故选B。
      6.考查动词短语辨析。句意:传统观念认为,做一个好人是天真的,会冒可怕的后果。A. wrk as担任;B. learn frm学习;C. act as充当、表现为;D. hear frm收到某人来信。根据后文“a gd persn”可知,此处指做一个好人,故选C。
      7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:新闻里满是关于无意中危及自身安全的受害者的故事。A. explrers探险家;B. survivrs幸存者;C. victims受害者;D. adventurers冒险家。根据后文“wh unintentinally endanger themselves”可知,这里指因帮助他人而受害的人,故选C。
      8.考查动词短语辨析。句意:有时,为了做正确的事,你必须冒险。A. take actin采取行动;B. take respnsibility承担责任;C. take ntes记笔记;D. take risks冒险。根据前文“wh unintentinally endanger themselves”可知,指帮助陌生人需冒风险,故选D。
      9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们自己的人身安全总是重要的考量吗?A. advice建议;B. cnsideratin考虑因素;C. ideas想法;D. criterin标准。根据前文“wh unintentinally endanger themselves”可知,这里指是否将安全作为首要考虑因素,故选B。
      10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们的位置迫使我做出艰难的选择。A. frces迫使;B. allws允许;C. mtivates激励;D. begs乞求。根据前文“a highway”和“exhausted cars t ur huse”可知,因地处高速出口,陌生人求助频繁,“迫使”作者必须抉择,故选A。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:高速公路让我无法忽视这个世界及与之的联系。A. ignre忽视;B. greet问候;C. ntice注意;D. fight战斗。根据前文“exhausted cars t ur huse”可知,因常有陌生人求助,无法“忽视”外界需求,故选A。
      12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我相信拒绝需要帮助的人也会危及我自己。A. accepting接受;B. rejecting拒绝;C. embracing拥抱;D. disliking厌恶。根据后文“than save it by living in uneasiness”可知,拒绝帮助他人会让自己内心不安,故选B。
      13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我宁愿冒人身安全的风险,也不愿牺牲内心的平静。A. virtual虚拟的;B. emtinal情感的;C. physical身体的;D. spiritual精神的。根据后文“safety than my peace f mind”可知,作者宁愿冒人身安全的风险,physical safety指“人身安全”,与精神安宁形成对比,故选C。
      14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我宁愿出于仁慈行事,也不愿在不安中保全自己。A. necessity必要;B. envy嫉妒;C. curisity好奇;D. mercy仁慈。根据后文“than save it by living in uneasiness”可知,帮助陌生人是出于“仁慈”,故选D。
      15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我打开了门。A. pened打开;B. lcked锁上;C. clsed关闭;D. pushed推。根据前文“I’d rather live my life acting ut f”可知,作者选择帮助,故“打开门”迎接求助者,故选A。
      H
      (2025高三·湖北华中师范大学第一附属中学·5月模拟)
      Brian Phenix was a 71-year-ld DJ with frty years f experience. He has recently gained unexpected 1 after a TikTk vide f him using CDs at a wedding went viral. The vide, shared by Miranda Dlph, shwed him 2 tracks frm his massive CD cllectin, cntrasting mdern playlist-driven weddings.
      Dlph’s pst, which was viewed ver 9 millin times, called Phenix the 3 ld DJ. And Phenix, amazed by hw peple 4 , jked, “It’s nt like I was saving a baby frm a burning building. I’m just standing there. S, I find that amazing! ” Phenix tld Gd Mrning America.
      “I initially ignred Phenix’s 5 until I saw him digging thrugh his impressive CDs and lining up sngs, which 6 me. Yu see, tday mst DJs just use playlists and cmputers, and dn’t 7 g thrugh all the CDs. His devtin inspired viewers,” Dlph 8 . After the vide 9 , Dlph cntacted him, sharing a fllw-up message in which Phenix encuraged everyne nt t let sciety limit them but instead dance t their wn 10 .
      Phenix dreamed f being a DJ since childhd. In his sixth grade, friends called his hme t rder sngs, which he was 11 t play ver the phne. Decades later, he remained 12 in his craft, perfrming weekly at weddings.
      “Whatever yur 13 is, dn’t let anybdy play with it r influence yu. Chase yur dreams and never 14 . G ut there and d it fr as lng as yu want, ” Phenix said, adding that nt giving up is a majr ingredient t 15 .
      1.A.independenceB.insightC.knwledgeD.ppularity
      2.A.learningB.selectingC.cpyingD.translating
      3.A.humblestB.saddestC.cutestD.nblest
      4.A.respndedB.arguedC.wnderedD.dubted
      5.A.rightB.presenceC.requestD.status
      6.A.transprtedB.alarmedC.frzeD.struck
      7.A.randmlyB.necessarilyC.endlesslyD.ccasinally
      8.A.claimedB.analysedC.recalledD.requested
      9.A.stretched utB.tracked inC.brke upD.tk ff
      10.A.stateB.musicC.mdD.addictin
      11.A.hesitantB.curiusC.clumsyD.happy
      12.A.rtedB.valuedC.seasnedD.trapped
      13.A.memryB.secretC.dreamD.inspiratin
      14.A.grwB.settleC.struggleD.react
      15.A.integrityB.hnrC.wisdmD.success
      【答案】
      1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B 11.D 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.D
      【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了71岁的DJ布莱恩・菲尼克斯因在婚礼上使用CD选曲的TikTk视频走红,展现其对职业的热爱与坚持,并传递追逐梦想、永不放弃的人生态度。
      1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:最近,一段他在婚礼上使用CD的TikTk视频走红后,他意外获得了人气。A. independence独立;B. insight洞察力;C. knwledge知识;D. ppularity受欢迎。根据下文“a TikTk vide f him using CDs at a wedding went viral”可知,他在婚礼上使用CD的TikTk视频走红,可推理出此处说的是视频走红使他受欢迎,故选D项。
      2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这段由米兰达・多尔夫分享的视频显示,他从自己庞大的CD收藏中挑选曲目,与现代播放列表驱动的婚礼形成对比。A. learning学习;B. selecting挑选;C. cpying复制;D. translating翻译。根据下文“frm his massive CD cllectin”可知,下文说的是从他庞大的CD收藏中,可推理出此处说的是他在挑选曲目,故选B项。
      3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:多尔夫的帖子被观看了900多万次,称菲尼克斯为最可爱的老DJ。A. humblest最谦逊的;B. saddest最悲伤的;C. cutest最可爱的;D. nblest最高贵的。根据下文“His devtin inspired viewers”可知下文提到了他的奉献精神鼓舞了观众,可推理出此处说的是人们觉得他坚持传统的样子可爱,故选 C 项。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:菲尼克斯对人们的反应感到惊讶,开玩笑说:“这不像我从着火的大楼里救了一个婴儿。”A. respnded反应;B. argued争论;C. wndered想知道;D. dubted怀疑。根据上文“which was viewed ver 9 millin times”可知上文说的是多尔夫的帖子被观看了900多万次,可推理出此处说的是菲尼克斯对人们的反应感到惊讶,故选A项。
      5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:一开始我忽略了菲尼克斯的存在,直到我看到他翻找自己令人印象深刻的CD,把歌曲排列好,这让我印象深刻。A. right权利;B. presence存在;C. request请求;D. status地位。根据下文“until I saw him digging thrugh his impressive CDs”可知,下文说的是直到我看到他翻找自己令人印象深刻的CD,可推理出多尔夫最初没注意到菲尼克斯的存在,故选B项。
      6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. transprted运输;B. alarmed使惊慌;C. frze冻结;D. struck打动;给……留下深刻印象。根据上文“I saw him digging thrugh his impressive CDs”可知,上文说的是我看到他翻找自己令人印象深刻的CD,可推理出菲尼克斯认真选曲的样子给多尔夫留下深刻印象,故选D项。
      7.考查副词词义辨析。句意:你看,现在大多数DJ只是使用播放列表和电脑,不一定会翻遍所有CD。A. randmly随机地;B. necessarily必然地;C. endlessly无尽地;D. ccasinally偶尔地。根据上文“tday mst DJs just use playlists and cmputers”可知,上文说的是现在大多数 DJ 只是使用播放列表和电脑,可推理出此处说的是现代DJ依赖电子设备,不一定需要翻找CD,故选B项。
      8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“他的奉献精神鼓舞了观众”,多尔夫回忆道。A. claimed声称;B. analysed分析;C. recalled回忆;D. requested请求。根据上文“I saw him digging thrugh his impressive CDs”可知,上文说的是多尔夫对最初看到菲尼克斯选曲场景的描述,属于回忆内容,故选C项。
      9.考查动词短语辨析。句意:视频走红后,多尔夫联系了他,分享了一条后续信息,在其中菲尼克斯鼓励大家不要让社会限制自己,而是要跟着自己的节奏跳舞。A. stretched ut伸展;B. tracked in追踪;C. brke up分手;D. tk ff起飞;(事业、作品等)走红。根据上文“a TikTk vide f him using CDs at a wedding went viral”可知,上文说的是他在婚礼上使用CD的TikTk视频走红,可推理出此处说的是视频走红,故选D项。
      10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. state状态;B. music音乐;C. md情绪;D. addictin上瘾。根据上文“I saw him digging thrugh his impressive CDs”可知,上文说的是多尔夫对最初看到菲尼克斯使用自己的方式选曲,再根据“Phenix encuraged everyne nt t let sciety limit them”可知,上文还提到了菲尼克斯鼓励大家不要让社会限制自己,可推理出此处说的是菲尼克斯鼓励大家不要让社会限制自己,而是要跟着自己的节奏跳舞,此处用“跟着自己的音乐跳舞”比喻坚持自我,故选B项。
      11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:六年级时,朋友们打电话到他家点歌,他很乐意通过电话播放。A. hesitant犹豫的;B. curius好奇的;C. clumsy笨拙的;D. happy乐意的、开心的。根据上文“Phenix dreamed f being a DJ since childhd. In his sixth grade, friends called his hme t rder sngs”可知上文说的是菲尼克斯从小就梦想成为一名DJ。在他六年级时,朋友们打电话给他家点歌,可推理出此处说的是他很乐意通过电话播放朋友们电话点的歌,故选D项。
      12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:几十年后,他仍然扎根于自己的行业,每周在婚礼上表演。A. rted扎根;B. valued重视;C. seasned调味;D. trapped困住。根据上文“Decades later”和“perfrming weekly at weddings”可知,上文说的是几十年后,下文说的是每周在婚礼上表演,可推理出此处说的是他长期扎根于DJ行业,故选A项。
      13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:无论你的梦想是什么,不要让任何人玩弄它或影响你。A. memry记忆;B. secret秘密;C. dream梦想;D. inspiratin灵感。根据下文“Chase yur dreams”可知,下文说的是追逐你的梦想,可推理出此处指梦想,故选C项。
      14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:追逐梦想,永不妥协。A. grw成长;B. settle妥协、定居;C. struggle挣扎;D. react反应。根据上文“dn’t let anybdy play with it r influence yu”以及下文“G ut there and d it fr as lng as yu want”可知,上文说的是不要让任何人玩弄它或影响你,下文说的是走出去,想做多久就做多久,可推理出此处说的是菲尼克斯鼓励人们坚持梦想,永不妥协,故选B项。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:“走出去,想做什么就做多久,”菲尼克斯说,并补充道不放弃是成功的主要因素之一。A. integrity正直;B. hnr荣誉;C. wisdm智慧;D. success成功。根据上文“nt giving up”可知,上文提到了不放弃,可推理出此处说的是不放弃是成功的主要因素之一,故选D项。
      I
      (2025·湖北黄冈·第四次模拟)
      After 17 days f tense rescue effrts, 41 cnstructin wrkers trapped in a cllapsed Himalayan tunnel were finally freed n Tuesday.
      The disaster 1 n Nvember 12 when part f a tunnel being built in nrthern India’s Uttarakhand state suddenly cllapsed. Over 60 meters f brken rcks and metal debris 2 the exit, trapping the wrkers inside. Rescue teams immediately began 3 the blckage using heavy machinery, but prgress faced repeated 4 . A key American-made drilling machine brke dwn just meters away frm reaching the trapped men last Friday, frcing wrkers t cmplete the final 5 by hand.
      Uttarakhand Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami 6 at a press cnference that all rescued wrkers shwed n signs f serius injury. “Althugh medical teams prepared stretchers (担架), many chse t 7 ut n their wn. Dctrs will cntinue mnitring them, but n serius cnditins have been reprted,” he stated, praising the cmbined 8 f engineers, medical staff, and gvernment departments.
      Thrughut the crisis, rescuers 9 cntact with the trapped wrkers thrugh a 53-meter pipe that delivered xygen, fd, and water. Dctrs prvided mental health guidance t help the men stay 10 . Family members 11 every day at the tunnel entrance, praying fr their safe return.
      As a backup plan, engineers had started drilling dwnward thrugh 12 muntain areas. Hwever, the riginal hrizntal drilling plan 13 succeeded. In the final stage, rescuers pushed a wide pipe thrugh the cleared path, allwing the wrkers t escape 14 .
      The rescued labrers, all migrant wrkers frm India’s less develped regins, demnstrated remarkable 15 during their 17-day undergrund experience.
      1.A.attackedB.struckC.startedD.arrived
      2.A.clsedB.blckedC.disturbedD.destryed
      3.A.cutting thrughB.digging thrughC.drilling thrughD.breaking thrugh
      4.A.dangersB.accidentsC.risksD.setbacks
      5.A.divisinB.sectinC.jurneyD.attempt
      6.A.declaredB.dubtedC.imaginedD.questined
      7.A.runB.skipC.crawlD.slide
      8.A.effectsB.effrtsC.skillsD.plans
      9.A.maintainedB.lstC.builtD.required
      10.A.quietB.energizedC.stillD.calm
      11.A.metB.frmedC.gatheredD.std
      12.A.unusualB.uncmmnC.uncertainD.unstable
      13.A.ultimatelyB.suddenlyC.pssiblyD.temprarily
      14.A.safelyB.quicklyC.freelyD.bravely
      15.A.kindnessB.insightC.strengthD.wisdm
      【答案】
      1.B 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.C
      【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了印度北阿坎德邦隧道坍塌后41名被困工人17天后成功获救。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:11月12日,印度北阿坎德邦北部一条正在建设的隧道部分突然坍塌,灾难发生。A. attacked攻击;B. struck突然发生;C. started开始;D. arrived到达。根据上文“The disaster”和下文“when part f a tunnel being built in nrthern India’s Uttarakhand state suddenly cllapsed”可知,此处指灾难突然发生。故选B。
      2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:超过60米的破碎岩石和金属碎片堵塞了出口,将工人困在里面。A. clsed关闭;B. blcked堵塞;C. disturbed打扰;D. destryed破坏。根据下文“trapping the wrkers inside”可知,此处指岩石和金属碎片堵塞了出口。故选B。
      3.考查动词短语辨析。句意:救援队立即开始用重型机械钻穿堵塞物,但进展多次受挫。A. cutting thrugh切断;B. digging thrugh挖通;C. drilling thrugh钻穿;D. breaking thrugh突破。根据下文“the blckage using heavy machinery”可知,此处指用重型机械钻穿堵塞物。故选C。
      4.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dangers危险;B. accidents事故;C. risks风险;D. setbacks挫折。根据下文“A key American-made drilling machine brke dwn just meters away frm reaching the trapped men last Friday”可知,此处指救援进展多次受挫。故选D。
      5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:上周五,一台关键的美制钻机在距离被困人员仅几米处发生故障,迫使工人们手工完成最后一段。A. divisin分配;B. sectin部分,段;C. jurney旅程;D. attempt尝试。根据上文“A key American-made drilling machine brke dwn just meters away frm reaching the trapped men last Friday, frcing wrkers t cmplete the final”和下文“by hand”可知,机器坏了,此处指手工完成最后一段。故选B。
      6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:北阿坎德邦首席部长普什卡尔·辛格·达米在新闻发布会上宣布,所有获救工人都没有严重受伤的迹象。A. declared宣布;B. dubted怀疑;C. imagined想象;D. questined询问。根据下文“at a press cnference that all rescued wrkers shwed n signs f serius injury”可知,此处指首席部长在新闻发布会上宣布。故选A。
      7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“虽然医疗队准备了担架,但许多人选择自己爬出来。医生将继续监测他们,但没有报告严重的病情,”他说,赞扬了工程师、医务人员和政府部门的共同努力。A. run跑;B. skip跳过;C. crawl爬;D. slide滑动。根据下文“ut n their wn”可知,此处指许多人选择自己爬出来。故选C。
      8.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. effects影响;B. effrts努力;C. skills技能;D. plans计划。根据下文“f engineers, medical staff, and gvernment departments”可知,此处指赞扬了工程师、医务人员和政府部门的共同努力。故选B。
      9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在整个危机期间,救援人员通过一根53米长的管道与被困工人保持联系,该管道输送氧气、食物和水。A. maintained保持;B. lst失去;C. built建造;D. required要求。根据下文“cntact with the trapped wrkers thrugh a 53-meter pipe that delivered xygen, fd, and water”可知,此处指救援人员与被困工人保持联系。故选A。
      10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:医生提供了心理健康指导,帮助这些人保持冷静。A. quiet安静的;B. energized充满活力的;C. still静止的;D. calm冷静的。根据上文“Dctrs prvided mental health guidance”可知,此处指帮助这些人保持冷静。故选D。
      11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:家属们每天聚集在隧道入口处,祈祷他们平安归来。A. met遇见;B. frmed形成;C. gathered聚集;D. std站立。根据下文“at the tunnel entrance, praying fr their safe return”可知,此处指家属们聚集在隧道入口处。故选C。
      12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:作为备用计划,工程师们已经开始在不稳定的山区向下钻孔。A. unusual不寻常的;B. uncmmn不常见的;C. uncertain不确定的;D. unstable不稳定的。根据上文“As a backup plan”和下文“muntain areas”可知,此处指在不稳定的山区向下钻孔作为备用计划。故选D。
      13.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,最初的横向钻探计划最终成功了。A. ultimately最终;B. suddenly突然;C. pssibly可能;D. temprarily暂时地。根据下文“succeeded. In the final stage, rescuers pushed a wide pipe thrugh the cleared path, allwing the wrkers t escape”可知,此处指最初的横向钻探计划最终成功了。故选A。
      14.考查副词词义辨析。句意:在最后阶段,救援人员将一根粗管子推过清理好的通道,让工人们安全逃脱。A. safely安全地;B. quickly快速地;C. freely自由地;D. bravely勇敢地。根据下文“In the final stage, rescuers pushed a wide pipe thrugh the cleared path, allwing the wrkers t escape”可知,此处指让工人们安全逃脱。故选A。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些获救的工人都是来自印度欠发达地区的农民工,在17天的地下经历中表现出了非凡的毅力。A. kindness善良;B. insight洞察力;C. strength毅力;D. wisdm智慧。根据下文“during their 17-day undergrund experience”可知,此处指这些工人在17天的地下经历中表现出了非凡的毅力。故选C。
      J
      (2025·重庆西南附属中学·第十次模拟)
      I grew up in pverty, and that was pretty bvius t all my teachers. In 8th grade, I wn a cntest fr 1 the yearbk cver, securing my 2 as “that ne art kid” in my class. I made the design with randm pencils and crayns in the classrm, because I didn’t have any f my wn.
      My teachers nticed I 3 enjyed making art, because there wuld always be ddles (涂鸦) in my ntes. Everyne wanted t 4 with me in any assignment requiring 5 .
      Well, the day befre Christmas break I was tld t meet with the guidance cunsellr (辅导员). My mind raced with 6 , thinking, “What culd I pssibly have dne wrng?” But when I gt there, there was a huge wrapped bx n the table. The cunsellr tld me it was fr me and 7 me t pen it. It was full f art 8 : clured pencils, pens, etc.
      I remember 9 and crying. I asked wh gt it fr me and the cunsellr tld me “Mr. Gd”. I insisted n knwing wh it was s I culd 10 them. She refused t tell me. Thse gifts helped me create art fr years t cme and I graduated with the 11 — Mst Artistic Persn.
      I get all 12 thinking abut this every nw and then. Thse supplies were nt just tls fr drawing — they were a(n) 13 f hpe and belief in me. That simple act f kindness 14 a seed that has grwn int a lifelng 15 fr art.
      1.A.designingB.judgingC.intrducingD.discvering
      2.A.futureB.placeC.privacyD.safety
      3.A.suddenlyB.graduallyC.barelyD.really
      4.A.debateB.pairC.negtiateD.cmpare
      5.A.speakingB.writingC.drawingD.reading
      6.A.wrryB.disappintmentC.angerD.sympathy
      7.A.directedB.frcedC.encuragedD.rdered
      8.A.cmmercialsB.suppliesC.paintingsD.brchures
      9.A.shwing upB.hanging utC.pulling thrughD.breaking dwn
      10.A.acceptB.supprtC.recgniseD.thank
      11.A.assignmentB.hnurC.rewardD.anticipatin
      12.A.sharp-earedB.clear-headedC.misty-eyedD.tight-lipped
      13.A.trackB.summaryC.absenceD.symbl
      14.A.swedB.lentC.mvedD.wrapped
      15.A.enthusiasmB.demandC.memryD.respect
      【答案】
      1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.A
      【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者小时候在贫困环境中对艺术的热爱,以及一次意外的礼物如何激发并持续影响了他对艺术的热情。
      1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在八年级的时候,我赢得了设计年鉴封面的比赛,确保了我在班上“唯一的艺术孩子”的地位。A. designing设计;B. judging判断;C. intrducing介绍;D. discvering发现。根据后文“I made the design with randm pencils and crayns in the classrm”可知,是设计年鉴封面。故选A项。
      2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在八年级的时候,我赢得了设计年鉴封面的比赛,确保了我在班上“唯一的艺术孩子”的地位。A. future未来;B. place位置;C. privacy隐私;D. safety安全。根据后文“as “that ne art kid” in my class”可知,此处应是“确保了我在班上“唯一的艺术孩子”的地位”之意,符合语境。故选B项。
      3.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我的老师注意到我真的很喜欢做艺术,因为我的笔记上总是有涂鸦。A. suddenly突然;B. gradually逐渐;C. barely几乎不;D. really真正地。根据后文“because there wuld always be ddles (涂鸦) in my ntes.”可知,作者真的很喜欢做艺术。故选D项。
      4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个人都想和我一起完成任何需要画画的作业。A. debate辩论;B. pair配对;C. negtiate谈判;D. cmpare比较。根据前文“as “that ne art kid” in my class. ”可知,作者是班上“唯一的艺术孩子”,所以每个人都想和作者配对完成任何需要画画的作业。故选B项。
      5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个人都想和我一起完成任何需要画画的作业。A. speaking说话;B. writing写作;C. drawing绘画;D. reading阅读。根据前文“Everyne wanted t 4 with me in any assignment requiring”可知,因为作者是班上“唯一的艺术孩子”,所以当作任何需要画画的作业时,每个人都想和作者配对。故选C项。
      6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的脑子里充满了担忧,想着:“我可能做错了什么?”A. wrry担忧;B. disappintment失望;C. anger愤怒;D. sympathy同情。根据后文“What culd I pssibly have dne wrng?”可知,作者觉得自己可能做错了什么,所以是充满了担忧。故选A项。
      7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:辅导员告诉我这是给我的,并鼓励我打开它。A. directed指导;B. frced强迫;C. encuraged鼓励;D. rdered命令。根据前文“The cunsellr tld me it was fr me”可知,盒子是送给作者的,所以应是鼓励作者打开它。故选C项。
      8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:里面装满了美术用品:彩色铅笔、钢笔等。A. cmmercials广告;B. supplies供应品;C. paintings绘画;D. brchures手册。根据后文“clured pencils, pens, etc”可知,盒子里的是美术用品,所以用固定搭配:art supplies意为“美术用品”。故选B项。
      9.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我记得我感情失控了,哭了起来。A. shwing up出现;B. hanging ut闲逛;C. pulling thrugh渡过难关;D. breaking dwn感情失控。根据后文“and crying”可知,作者感情失控,大哭起来。故选D项。
      10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我坚持要知道是谁,这样我才能感谢他们。A. accept接受;B. supprt支持;C. recgnise认出;D. thank感谢。根据前文“I asked wh gt it fr me and the cunsellr tld me “Mr. Gd”. I insisted n knwing wh it was”可知,作者想知道谁送的,应是为了感谢。故选D项。
      11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些礼物帮助我在接下来的几年里创作艺术,我毕业时获得了“最具艺术天赋的人”的荣誉。A. assignment任务;B. hnur荣誉;C. reward奖励;D. anticipatin预期。根据后文“Mst Artistic Persn”可知,作者被称赞为“最具艺术天赋的人”,这是一份荣誉。故选B项。
      12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我时不时想到这个就泪眼朦胧。A. sharp-eared耳尖的;B. clear-headed头脑清醒的;C. misty-eyed泪眼朦胧的;D. tight-lipped守口如瓶的。根据后文“Thse supplies were nt just tls fr drawing—they were a(n) 13 f hpe and belief in me.”可知,作者对收到这份礼物非常感激,所以每次想到就泪眼朦胧。故选C项。
      13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些物品不仅仅是绘画的工具——它们是我希望和信念的象征。A. track轨道;B. summary总结;C. absence缺席;D. symbl象征。根据后文“f hpe and belief”结合选项可知,应是“希望和信念的象征”之意,符合语境。故选D项。
      14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个简单的善举播下了一颗种子,让我对艺术产生了终生的热情。A. swed播种;B. lent借出;C. mved移动;D. wrapped包裹。根据后文“a seed”可知,应是“播下了一颗种子”符合语境。故选A项。
      15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个简单的善举播下了一颗种子,让我对艺术产生了终生的热情。A. enthusiasm热情;B. demand需求;C. memry记忆;D. respect尊重。根据前文“Thse gifts helped me create art fr years t cme and I graduated with the 11 —Mst Artistic Persn.”可知,这些礼物帮助作者在毕业时获得“最具艺术天赋的人”的荣誉,所以是让作者对艺术产生了终生的热情。故选A项。

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