高考英语一模提分卷03（北京专用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语一模提分卷03（北京专用）（教师版），共22页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（新情境）Mia was knwn fr her lve f art. Every Friday, she and her classmates wuld gather in the art rm fr “Creative Hur”, a time t explre their ___1___.
One day, the art teacher annunced a cmpetitin where each student wuld create a painting that represented their dream fr the future. Mia was excited but ___2___. She wanted her painting t be perfect, reflecting her dream f a wrld where everyne culd express themselves freely. As she began drawing, she felt weighed dwn by the pressure t ___3___ her classmates. Her friend Jake nticed her ___4___ and apprached her.
“Why nt just have fun with it?” he suggested. “Let yur creativity flw!”
___5___ by Jake’ s wrds, Mia decided t fcus n the jy f creating rather than ___6___. As she drew, her painting came alive with bright clurs, featuring dancing figures and drifting cluds. The art rm was filled with laughter and chatter as everyne pured their hearts int their creatins.
On the day the artwrks were shwn, Mia experienced a mix f excitement and anxiety. As the cvering was lifted, her classmates burst int cheers, ___7___ by the jy and energy f her painting. At that time, Mia realized the cmpetitin didn’t ___8___; what truly cunted was the bnd and creativity they shared. Art was nt just abut perfectin, but abut ___9___ and jy. The painting became a lasting ______10______ f friendship and self-expressin in their schl, inspiring students t pursue their wn dreams.
1 A. limitsB. imaginatinsC. ambitinsD. mtivatins
2. A. disappintedB. astnishedC. wrriedD. scared
3. A. admireB. accmpanyC. impressD. cnvince
4. A. curisityB. struggleC. passinD. failure
5. A. AmazedB. AnnyedC. ChallengedD. Inspired
6. A. regrettingB. checkingC. winningD. appreciating
7. A. attractedB. supprtedC. pushedD. cntrlled
8. A. existB. changeC. imprveD. matter
9. A. cmpetitinB. cnnectinC. cmpetenceD. cntributin
10. A. symblB. mannerC. plicyD. desire
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱艺术的Mia参加绘画比赛，起初因压力创作不顺，在朋友鼓励下专注创作，作品获认可，她也领悟到艺术真谛的故事。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周五，她和同学们都会聚集在美术室进行“创意时刻”，这是一个探索他们想象力的时间。A. limits限制；B. imaginatins想象力；C. ambitins抱负；D. mtivatins动机。根据前文“Mia was knwn fr her lve f art”以及“Creative Hur”可推知，一群热爱艺术的人聚在美术室，参加“创意时刻”，这是他们用来探索想象力的时间。故选B项。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mia很兴奋但也很担心。A. disappinted失望的；B. astnished惊讶的；C. wrried担心的；D. scared害怕的。根据后文“She wanted her painting t be perfect”和“As she began drawing, she felt weighed dwn by the pressure”可知，Mia想让她的画完美，但有压力，所以她既兴奋又担心。故选C项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她开始画画时，她感到被要给同学们留下深刻印象的压力压得喘不过气来。A. admire钦佩；B. accmpany陪伴；C. impress给……留下深刻印象；D. cnvince说服。根据前文“She wanted her painting t be perfect”可推知，Mia想让画完美，能给同学们留下深刻印象。故选C项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的朋友Jake注意到了她的挣扎，便走近她。A. curisity好奇心；B. struggle挣扎；C. passin热情；D. failure失败。根据前文“she felt weighed dwn by the pressure”可知，Mia在创作时有压力，处于挣扎状态。故选B项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到Jake的话的启发，Mia决定专注于创作的乐趣，而不是获胜。A. Amazed使惊奇；B. Annyed使恼怒；C. Challenged挑战；D. Inspired启发，激励。根据后文“Mia decided t fcus n the jy f creating”可知，Jake的话启发了Mia，让她改变了目标。故选D项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到Jake的话的启发，Mia决定专注于创作的乐趣，而不是获胜。A. regretting后悔；B. checking检查；C. winning获胜；D. appreciating欣赏。根据前文提到这是一场比赛，以及Mia之前的压力，可知她之前关注的是获胜，现在在朋友启发下转变了想法。故选C项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当覆盖物被揭开时，她的同学们爆发出欢呼声，被她画中的喜悦和活力所吸引。A. attracted吸引；B. supprted支持；C. pushed推动；D. cntrlled控制。根据前文“her classmates burst int cheers”可知，同学们被画吸引了。故选A项。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那时，Mia意识到比赛并不重要；真正重要的是他们共享的情谊和创造力。A. exist存在；B. change改变；C. imprve提高；D. matter重要。根据后文“what truly cunted was the bnd and creativity they shared”可知，比赛结果不重要。故选D项。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：艺术不仅仅关乎完美，还关乎情谊和快乐。A. cmpetitin竞争；B. cnnectin情谊，联系；C. cmpetence能力；D. cntributin贡献。根据前文“the bnd and creativity they shared”可知，这里强调的是艺术带来的情谊。故选B项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这幅画成为了他们学校友谊和自我表达的持久象征，激励着学生们去追求自己的梦想。A. symbl象征；B. manner方式；C. plicy政策；D. desire欲望。根据后文“f friendship and self-expressin in their schl, inspiring students t pursue their wn dreams.”可知，这幅画是友谊和自我表达的象征，激励着其他学生。故选A项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Ana was inspired after reading abut kids ____11____ (face) hardships in a nearby cmmunity. It saddened her t learn that they lacked sme basic necessities like bks. “It made me think hw I wuld feel if my wrld did nt have bks in it,” she said. Ana was just ten years ld when she ____12____ (start) an rganizatin called Just 1 Bk. T date, she ____13____ (cllect) arund half a millin bks.
【答案】11. facing 12. started 13. has cllected
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Ana为何创办“just 1 Bk”这一组织。
11. 考查非谓语动词。句意：安娜在阅读了附近社区的孩子们面临的困难后受到了启发。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的名词kids，动词face与名词kids之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词facing作定语。故填facing。
12. 考查动词时态。句意：安娜在10岁时创办了一个名为“just 1 Bk”的组织。空格处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句Ana was just ten years ld可知，从句描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填started。
13. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，她已经收集了大约50万本书。空格处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语t date可知，应该用现在完成时；主语是she，助动词用has。故填has cllected。
B
Smartphnes are very useful and ften we can’t imagine life ____14____ them. But they culd be harmful as well. We surveyed 1,065 students ____15____ (determine) if smartphne addictin affects sleep. We identified a strng ____16____ (cnnect) between smartphne addictin and pr sleep. There is als an assciatin between addictin and using yur phne late at night. The amunt f time ____17____ (spend) n yur phne is nt enugh t suggest addictin. But cmbining that with the latest time yu use yur phne can be a gd indicatr.
【答案】14. withut 15. t determine 16. cnnectin 17. spent
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能手机成瘾与睡眠之间的关系。
14. 考查介词。句意：智能手机非常有用，我们常常无法想象没有它们的生活。此处表示“没有智能手机的生活”，用介词withut符合语境。故填withut。
15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们调查了1065名学生，以确定智能手机成瘾是否会影响睡眠。句中用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了确定”。故填t determine。
16. 考查名词。句意：我们发现了智能手机成瘾和睡眠质量差之间的密切联系。形容词strng后接名词形式cnnectin，作identified宾语。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填cnnectin。
17. 考查非谓语动词。句意：花在手机上的时间不足以说明上瘾。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。名词time与spend之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填spent。
C
Years ag, when I was beginning my jurney as an animal cmmunicatr, I was wrking as staff at a wildlife rescue rganizatin. It was ____18____ (extreme) hard wrk. I ____19____ (challenge) t reach beynd my limits. I encuntered all srts f animals. They all shwed me what we can learn frm animals in their wn ways, such as a tiny muse ____20____ bravery changed my life frever.
【答案】18. extremely 19. was challenged 20. whse
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述在野生动物救援组织工作的经历，工作艰苦且面临挑战，其间各种动物让作者学到很多，一只小老鼠的勇敢更改变其人生。
18. 考查副词。句意：这是极其艰苦的工作。分析句子可知，此处需用副词修饰形容词hard，extreme的副词形式为extremely。故填extremely。
19. 考查时态和语态。句意：我被挑战着超越自己的极限。这里考查谓语动词，句子主语I和challenge之间是被动关系，且讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态was/were dne，主语为I，be 动词用was。故填was challenged。
20. 考查定语从句。句意：它们都以自己的方式向我展示了我们可以从动物身上学到什么，比如一只小老鼠，它的勇敢永远改变了我的生活。分析句子可知，“____ bravery changed my life frever”是定语从句，先行词为muse，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰bravery，表所属关系，应用whse。故填whse。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，共38分）
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
（新动向）With the arrival f digital technlgy, digital libraries nw have a wealth f free resurces, making infrmatin easily accessible at n cst. Knwing where t search helps yu t uncver a diverse arrangement f free e-bks, audi-bks and ther nline materials.
Internet Archive
The Internet Archive, pssibly the largest digital library, huses a treasure f ver 36 millin e bks, alngside 778 billin web pages and millins f vides, cncerts, audi files and sftware prgrams. Acting as a digital time machine, it preserves unique items frm the1990s and earlier, E-bks are carefully rganized by categry, cllectin, authr, tpic, r year. Users can rate and review bks and even uplad their wn media after registratin.
Open Library
Sign up fr Open Library t brrw and read millins f free e-bks. Brwse multiple genres(文体), filter results by subject r authr, and search fr specific titles. Yu can als preview and “ brrw” randm e-bks. Registered users can create custm reading lists and add new bks. The platfrm ffers bth e-bks and audi-bks, satisfying all preferences.
Smashwrds
Unlike ther digital libraries featuring timeless classics, Smashwrds stands ut by highlighting independent authrs and new releases. Yu can read e-bks nline r dwnlad them in PDF and EPUB. Persnalize yur search by selecting free bks and chsing lengths frm under 20,000 t ver 100,000 wrds.
ManyBks
Manybks hlds ver 50,000 e-bks acrss diversities f genres and categries. Yu can narrw dwn yur searches by genre, language and rating. Each e bk page indicates its availability fr free dwnlad r nline reading. Detailed descriptins, authr infrmatin and summaries help yu make sund selectins. Each e-bk cmes with an extensive descriptin f the stry and the authr, as well as a bk summary t understand the bk yu are cnsidering.
21. Which library allws readers t uplad their wn digital materials?
A. Open Library.B. Smashwrds.C. ManyBks.D. Internet Archive.
22. Bth Open Library and ManyBks ffer_______.
A. free sftware prgramsB. multiple e-bk genres
C. individualized reading listsD. detailed authrs’ infrmatin
23. Where is the passage mst likely chsen frm?
A. A guide n hw t brrw e-bks.
B. An intrductin f the benefits f digital libraries.
C. A review f varius digital platfrms fr free resurces.
D. An instructin n hw t uplad cntents t nline libraries
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个免费的数字图书馆。
21. 细节理解题。根据“Internet Archive”部分中的“Users can rate and review bks and even uplad their wn media after registratin.(用户可以对书籍进行评分和评论，甚至在注册后上传自己的媒体。)”可知，互联网档案馆允许读者上传自己的数字资料。故选D项。
22. 细节理解题。根据“Open Library”部分提到“Brwse multiple genres(文体), filter results by subject r authr, and search fr specific titles.(浏览多种类型，按主题或作者过滤结果，并搜索特定的标题。)”以及“ManyBks”部分提到“Manybks hlds ver 50,000 e-bks acrss diversities f genres and categries.(Manybks拥有超过5万本不同类型和类别的电子书。)”可知，这两个图书馆都提供多种电子书类型。故选B项。
23. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“With the arrival f digital technlgy, digital libraries nw have a wealth f free resurces, making infrmatin easily accessible at n cst. Knwing where t search helps yu t uncver a diverse arrangement f free e-bks, audi-bks and ther nline materials.(随着数字技术的到来，数字图书馆现在拥有丰富的免费资源，使信息易于免费获取。知道在哪里搜索可以帮助你找到各种各样的免费电子书、有声书和其他在线材料)”文章主要介绍了几个提供免费资源的数字图书馆，包括它们的特色、资源种类等，属于对各种免费资源数字平台的介绍和评论，由此可推知，这篇文章最有可能选自各种免费资源的数字平台综述。故选C项。
B
（新语境）I’m an 18-year-ld pre-medical student, tall and gd-lking, with tw shrt stry bks and quite a number f essays t my credit. Why am I singing such praises f myself? Just t explain that the attainment f self-pride cmes frm a great deal f self-lve, and t attain it, ne must first learn t accept neself as ne is. That was where my struggle began.
Brn and raised in Africa, I had always taken my African rigin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had t relcate t Nrway, where I attended a high schl. Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I, a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nse ften had a thin sheet f sweat n it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted t bury myself in my shell crying “I’m s different!”
What als cntributed t my self-dislike was my ccasinal stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-cnfidence. It always std between me and any fine pprtunity. I’d taken it as an excuse t avid any public speaking sessins, and unknwingly let it rule ver me.
Frtunately, as I grew lder, there came a turning pint. One day a white girl caught my eye n the schl bus when she suddenly turned back. T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember! “Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.” Days later, my life tk anther twist. Searching the Internet fr stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famus peple as Isaac Newtn and Winstn Churchill als stuttered. I felt a weight lift ff my shulders, then an idea suddenly hit me — if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.
Anther bst t my self-cnfidence came days later as I was watching the news abut Oprah Winfrey, the famus talk shw hst and writer — she’s black t! Whenever I think f her stry and my frmer dislike f my clr, I’m practically filled with shame.
Tday, I’ve grwn t accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling f uniqueness. The idea f self-lve has taken n a whle new meaning fr me: there’s always smething fantastic abut us, and what we need t d is learn t appreciate it.
24. What affected the authr’s adjustment t her schl life in Nrway?
A. Scial discriminatin. B. Her appearance.C. Her changing emtins.D. The climate in Nrway.
25. Hw did the authr feel n nticing the similarity between her and the girl n the bus?
A. Shcked and ashamed. B. Cnfused and terrified.C. Blessed and prud.D. Amazed and relieved.
26. What lessn did the authr learn frm the cases f Newtn and Churchill?
A. Great minds speak alike.B. Celebrities can’t live with their flaws.
C. Stuttering is n barrier t success.D. Wisdm cunts mre than hard wrk.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Lve and acceptance is the ultimate gift.B. Cmparisn is the thief f jy.
C. Every clud has a silver lining.D. Pride cmes befre a fall.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个在非洲出生长大的黑人女孩，因外貌和口吃在挪威学校生活时自我厌恶，后通过一些经历学会接纳自我、重拾自信的故事。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Brn and raised in Africa, I had always taken my African rigin as burden. My self - dislike was further fueled when my family had t relcate t Nrway, where I attended a high schl. Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I, a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips.(我在非洲出生长大，一直把自己的非洲血统视为负担。当我的家人不得不搬到挪威，我在那里上高中时，我的自我厌恶进一步加剧。与我周围所有有着金色头发和精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我这个黑人女孩有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇)”可知，是作者的外貌影响了她在挪威学校生活的适应。故选B。
25. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“One day a white girl caught my eye n the schl bus when she suddenly turned back. T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember! “Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.”(一天，在学校的公共汽车上，一个白人女孩突然转过身来，引起了我的注意。令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有一层薄薄的汗，而且是在11月！“哇，”我轻声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传病。这很正常。”)”以及后文作者心态的转变可知，作者注意到她和公共汽车上的女孩的相似之处时感到惊讶和如释重负。故选D。
26. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Searching the Internet fr stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famus peple as Isaac Newtn and Winstn Churchill als stuttered. I felt a weight lift ff my shulders, then an idea suddenly hit me — if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.(我在网上搜索治疗口吃的方法时，偶然得知像艾萨克·牛顿和温斯顿·丘吉尔这样的名人也口吃。我感到如释重负，然后一个想法突然闪过我的脑海——如果我很聪明，我就不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功)”可知，作者从牛顿和丘吉尔的例子中学到了口吃不是成功的障碍。故选C。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Tday, I’ve grwn t accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling f uniqueness. The idea f self - lve has taken n a whle new meaning fr me: there’s always smething fantastic abut us, and what we need t d is learn t appreciate it.(今天，我已经骄傲地接受了真实的自己；它只是给了我一种独特的感觉。自我爱的观念对我来说有了全新的意义：我们身上总有一些很棒的东西，我们需要做的就是学会欣赏它)”结合文章主要讲述了作者作为一个在非洲出生长大的黑人女孩，因外貌和口吃在挪威学校生活时自我厌恶，后通过一些经历学会接纳自我、重拾自信的故事。可推知，我们能从这篇文章中学到：爱和接纳是最终的礼物。故选A。
C
Supermarkets have lng been suffering as ne f the thinnest-margined businesses in existence and ne f the least-lked-frward-t places t wrk r visit. Fr mre than a decade, they have been under attack frm e-cmmerce giants, blamed fr making Americans fat, and accused f cntributing t climate change.
Supermarkets can technically be defined as giants husing 15,000 t 60,000 different prducts. The revlutinary idea f a self-service grcery, where peple culd hunt and gather fd frm aisles rather than asking a clerk t fetch items frm behind a cunter, first came abut in America. There is sme debate abut which was the very first, but ver the years a cnsensus has built arund King Kullen Supermarket, funded in New Yrk in 1930.
Fr sme 300 years, Americans had fed themselves frm small stres and public markets. Shpping fr fd invlved mud, nisy chickens, cluds f flies, nasty smells, bargaining, and getting shrt-changed. The supermarket imitated the Frdist factry, with its emphasis n efficiency and standardizatin, and reimagined it as a place t buy fd. Supermarkets may nt feel cutting-edge nw, but they were a revlutin in distributin at the time. They were such strange marvels that, n her first fficial state visit t the United States in 1957, Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ insisted n an imprmptu (即兴的) tur f a suburban-Maryland Giant Fd.
The typical supermarket layut has barely changed ver the past 90 years. Mst stres pen with flwers, fruit and vegetables at the frnt as a breath f freshness t aruse ur appetite. Meanwhile, they keep the milk, eggs, and ther daily basics all the way back s yu’ll travel thrugh as much f the stre as pssible, and be tempted alng the way.
In the early days, as the supermarket multiplied, s did ur suspicin f it. We have lng feared that this “revlutin in distributin” uses crprate black magic n ur appetite. The bk The Hidden Persuaders, published in 1957, warned that supermarkets were putting wmen in a “hypnidal trance (催眠恍惚状态),” causing them t wander aisles, bumping int bxes and “picking things ff shelves at randm.”
28. What prblem have supermarkets been facing?
A. They are actually n the way t shutdwn.B. They are frced t use e-cmmerce strategies.
C. They have been lsing custmers and prfits.D. They have difficulty adapting t climate change.
29. What des the passage say abut the idea f a self-service grcery?
A. It was put frward by King Kullen.B. It riginated in the United States.
C. It has been under cnstant debate.D. It prves revlutinary even tday.
30. What have peple lng feared abut supermarkets?
A. They use tricky strategies t prmte their business.
B. They are ging t replace the lcal grceries entirely.
C. They apply crprate black magic t the gds n display.
D. They take advantage f the weaknesses f wmen shppers.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述超市的诞生历史和现在的困境，并表达了对超市利用营销手段控制消费者购买行为的担忧。
28. 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Supermarkets have lng been suffering as ne f the thinnest-margined businesses in existence and ne f the least-lked-frward-t places t wrk r visit. (超市长期以来一直是现存利润最微薄的企业之一，也是最不期待工作或拜访的地方之一。)”可知，超市现在正面临着失去客户和利润。故选C项。
29. 细节理解题。由文章第二段“The revlutinary idea f a self-service grcery, where peple culd hunt and gather fd frm aisles rather than asking a clerk t fetch items frm behind a cunter, first came abut in America. There is sme debate abut which was the very first, but ver the years a cnsensus has built arund King Kullen Supermarket, funded in New Yrk in 1930. (自助杂货店的革命性想法最初出现在美国，人们可以在过道里寻找和收集食物，而不是让店员从柜台后面取东西。关于哪一家是第一家，有一些争论，但多年来，围绕1930年在纽约成立的King Kullen超市达成了共识。)”可知，自助杂货店的概念起源于美国。故选B项。
30. 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“In the early days, as the supermarket multiplied, s did ur suspicin f it. We have lng feared that this ‘revlutin in distributin’ uses crprate black magic n ur appetite. (在早期，随着超市的成倍增长，我们对它的怀疑也在增加。长期以来，我们一直担心这场‘分销革命’会利用企业的黑魔法来影响我们的食欲。)”可推知，人们担心超市使用棘手的策略来推广他们的业务，从而控制消费者购买行为。故选A项。
D
（新语境）The scientists behind a new database f mre than 400 extreme weather attributin (归因) studies have perfrmed an essential service. This piece f wrk, drawing tgether every study f this type, ught t create a greater sense f urgency arund plicymaking and campaigning. It shws that intense heatwaves, hurricanes, and flds have all been made far mre likely by greenhuse gas emissins. And it spells ut the alarming unpredictability as well as the extent f glbal heating’s cnsequences.
Until the early 2000s, when the first attributin studies were published, it was harder t link CO2 in the atmsphere with glbal heating’s sensible effects. Thanks t a grwing bdy f research, nw we knw. The last summer’s recrd-breaking “heat dme”(热穹顶) acrss the glbe wuld have been almst impssible withut human-caused climate change.
“Beauty is truth, truth beauty,” wrte the pet Jhn Keats just ver 200 years ag. When it cmes t climate, truth can feel clser t terrr these days. But scientists are right t insist that the reality must be faced. Indeed, this is the nly way t avid the mst disastrus utcmes. In a new bk, Hthuse Earth, Prf Bill McGuire argues that we have reached a stage when minimising dangers shuld be regarded as “climate appeasement”.
Like the histrical respnsibility fr carbn emissins, attitudes and experiences in the present crisis are unevenly and unjustly shared ut. Billins f peple arund the wrld, and abve all in the glbal suth, are caught up day-t-day in a struggle fr survival. This desn’t mean they dn’t recgnise glbal heating; subsistence (勉强维持生活) farmers and fishers are mre directly expsed t envirnmental damage than anyne else. But western gvernments, businesses and peple wh are relatively sheltered frm glbal heating’s wrst effects shuld recgnise this as the privilege that it is. With this year’s Climate Change Cnference fast appraching, western gvernments must fllw thrugh n their prmises f climate finance t enable a green transitin in the develping wrld.
The purpse f attributin science is nt simply t warn the wrld abut what is happening, but t aid preparatins fr what has nt happened yet. The mst alarming glbal trend, apart frm still-rising emissins that mean we are n curse fr 2. 5°C f heating, is the unexpected speed with which it is already causing chas. Given what we nw knw abut the impact f 1°C f warming, it is n exaggeratin t say that this trend is disastrus.
But alternatives exist, and insisting n this pint has never been mre imprtant. The alarming findings f attributin scientists can give rise t desperatin-but must nt be allwed t end determinatin and hpe.
31. The attributin studies imply that ____.
A. plicies addressing climate issues are ineffective
B. it is hard t link CO2 with the effects f glbal heating
C. the extent f glbal heating’s cnsequences is unpredictable
D. humans are t blame fr the increased ccurrence f disasters
32. Hw des Prf Bill McGuire feel abut the present climate crisis?
A. Optimistic. B. Dubtful.C. Wrried.D. Puzzled.
33. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. The glbal suth is in urgent need f financial supprt.
B. The speeding up f glbal warming has spelled truble.
C. Glbal heating affects western cuntries t a larger extent.
D. The effrt t reduce greenhuse gas emissin has wrked.
34. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T urge the public t fllw the science.B. T persuade the scientists t further their study.
C. T assess the current plicy n the climate crisis.D. T cnfirm the public’s cncern fr glbal heating.
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了归因研究表明极端天气可能是由温室气体排放导致，从而呼吁人们要尊重科学，采取措施，避免更严重的后果。
31. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“It shws that intense heatwaves, hurricanes, and flds have all been made far mre likely by greenhuse gas emissins. And it spells ut the alarming unpredictability as well as the extent f glbal heating’s cnsequences.(报告显示，温室气体排放大大增加了强烈热浪、飓风和洪水发生的可能性。它还详细说明了令人担忧的不可预测性以及全球变暖后果的程度)”和第二段“Until the early 2000s, when the first attributin studies were published, it was harder t link CO2 in the atmsphere with glbal heating’s sensible effects. Thanks t a grwing bdy f research, nw we knw. The last summer’s recrd-breaking “heat dme” acrss the glbe wuld have been almst impssible withut human-caused climate change.(直到21世纪初，当第一批归因研究发表时，很难将大气中的二氧化碳与全球变暖的明显影响联系起来。多亏了越来越多的研究，现在我们知道了。如果没有人为造成的气候变化，去年夏天全球破纪录的“热穹顶”几乎是不可能的)”可知，归因研究表明，气候变暖是人类造成的，人类应为灾害的增加负责。故选D项。
32. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In a new bk, Hthuse Earth, Prf Bill McGuire argues that we have reached a stage when minimising dangers shuld be regarded as “climate appeasement”.(Bill McGuire教授在新书《温室地球》中认为，我们已经到了将危险降至最低视为“气候绥靖”的阶段)”可知，Bill McGuire认为现在人们只是降低危险，但对气候变暖不加抵制，退让屈服，从而对当前的气候危机感到担忧。故选C项。
33. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The mst alarming glbal trend, apart frm still-rising emissins that mean we are n curse fr 2. 5°C f heating, is the unexpected speed with which it is already causing chas. Given what we nw knw abut the impact f 1°C f warming, it is n exaggeratin t say that this trend is disastrus.(最令人担忧的全球趋势是，除了排放量仍在上升，这意味着我们正朝着2.5°C的升温方向发展之外，它已经以出乎意料的速度造成混乱。考虑到我们现在所知道的1°C变暖的影响，可以毫不夸张地说，这种趋势是灾难性的)”可知，全球变暖的加速带来了麻烦。故选B项。
34. 推理判断题。结合全文及文章第一段“The scientists behind a new database f mre than 400 extreme weather attributin(归因) studies have perfrmed an essential service. This piece f wrk, drawing tgether every study f this type, ught t create a greater sense f urgency arund plicymaking and campaigning. It shws that intense heatwaves, hurricanes, and flds have all been made far mre likely by greenhuse gas emissins. And it spells ut the alarming unpredictability as well as the extent f glbal heating’s cnsequences.(一个由400多项极端天气归因研究组成的新数据库背后的科学家们提供了一项重要服务。这项工作汇集了每一项此类研究，应该会在决策和竞选活动中产生更大的紧迫感。这表明，强烈的热浪、飓风和洪水都更有可能是由温室气体排放造成的。它阐明了令人担忧的不可预测性以及全球变暖的后果)”可知，文章主要介绍了归因研究表明极端天气可能是由温室气体排放导致，从而呼吁人们要尊重科学，采取措施，避免更严重的后果。故选A项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Nervus Jurney
（新题材）Let’s take a jurney. It is ging t be a fast ne, s be prepared. Where are we ging? We are ging t start at yur head and end up at yur tes. ___35___ It may be the shrtest and fastest trip f yur life. Are yu ready? Let’s begin. Wiggle yur big te. Okay, we’re dne. Yu might be saying, “That’s it?” We said it was ging t be a fast ride!
Yu just sent a message with an electrical signal frm yur brain t the muscles in yur te. Bing! It mves. ___36___ The electrical signals in yur bdy can mve as fast as 150 meters per secnd. In the amunt f time it takes yu t say “Mississippi” three times, a nerve culd send an electrical signal the length f a ftball field and back. Nw that yu knw hw fast a nerve impulse (神经冲动) can travel, let’s take a lk at the system that is the highway fr these electrical signals.
The human bdy is made f trillins f tiny cells. Each cell is s small that yu need a micrscpe t see them. Yur skin, yur hair, yur eye — all are made up f cells. ___37___ Muscle cells mve yur bdy. Skin cells prtect yur bdy. One special type f cell, neurns (神经元), allw yur brain t send messages t every part f yur bdy.
The center f the nervus system is the brain. The brain takes in what yur eyes see and what yur ears hear. ___38___ Yu can think f yur nervus system as a relay team passing a batn frm ne runner t the next. But instead f runners, yu have cells, and instead f a batn, yu have infrmatin. ___39___ It hands its infrmatin t the next cell, which passes the infrmatin t anther cell. In the end, the infrmatin reaches its destinatin and causes a change — maybe a muscle cntracts. The “infrmatin” batn passed frm neurn t neurn is usually a small electrical event called an actin ptential.
A. Just hw fast was the signal mving?
B. A neurn in yur brain starts the relay.
C. Different types f cells d different jbs.
D. Yu might have heard them called brain cells.
E. Did yu ever wish yu culd g inside smene’s brain?
F. It may nt seem like a lng trip, but it is ging t be fast.
G. If yu decide that yu want t mve arund, yur brain tells yur muscles t d it.
【答案】35. F 36. A 37. C 38. G 39. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大脑中的神经元通过神经冲动指挥人体行动的原理和过程。
35. 根据前文“We are ging t start at yur head and end up at yur tes.(我们将从你的头部开始，到你的脚趾。)”和后文“It may be the shrtest and fastest trip f yur life.(这可能是你一生中最短最快的一次旅行。)”可知，此处是指从头部到脚趾并不是一段很长的旅行，但是很快。所以选项F“这似乎不是一段漫长的旅程，但它会很快。”切合文意。故选F。
36. 根据后文“The electrical signals in yur bdy can mve as fast as 150 meters per secnd.(你体内的电信号可以以每秒150米的速度移动。)”可知，此处是讲人体内的信号移动得有多快，所以选项A“信号移动的速度有多快？”切合文意。故选A。
37. 根据后文“Muscle cells mve yur bdy. Skin cells prtect yur bdy. One special type f cell, neurns (神经元), allw yur brain t send messages t every part f yur bdy.(肌肉细胞推动身体运动。皮肤细胞保护你的身体。一种特殊类型的细胞，神经元，让你的大脑发送信息到你身体的每个部分。)”可知，此处是指不同类型的细胞做着不同的工作，所以选项C“不同类型的细胞做着不同的工作。”切合文意。故选C。
38. 根据前文“The center f the nervus system is the brain. The brain takes in what yur eyes see and what yur ears hear.(神经系统的中心是大脑。大脑接收眼睛看到的和耳朵听到的。)”可知，此处是指大脑是行动的指挥中心，所以选项G“如果你决定要四处走动，你的大脑会告诉你的肌肉这样做。”切合文意。故选G。
39. 根据后文“It hands its infrmatin t the next cell, which passes the infrmatin t anther cell. In the end, the infrmatin reaches its destinatin and causes a change — maybe a muscle cntracts. The “infrmatin” batn passed frm neurn t neurn is usually a small electrical event called an actin ptential.(它将信息传递给下一个细胞，下一个细胞将信息传递给另一个细胞。最后，信息到达目的地并引起变化——也许是肌肉收缩。从一个神经元传递到另一个神经元的“信息”指挥棒通常是一个称为动作电位的小电事件。)”可知，此处是指神经元开始了接力赛，所以选项B“你大脑中的一个神经元开始了这个接力。”切合文意。故选B。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
（新题材）Ghanim Al-Muftah, 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup Ambassadr(大使), was brn n May 5, 2002, with a rare cnditin knwn as Caudal Regressin Syndrme, which causes its patients t be brn withut the lwer half f the bdy.
Naturally, ne wuld expect him t use a wheelchair, but he insists n mving arund n his hands because he believes that he shuld make use f everything with which he is blessed rather than fcus n what he desn’t have.
While Ghanim was grwing up, he fund it difficult t attend schl initially because his classmates played jkes n him. Nevertheless, his mm encuraged him t speak t these classmates, teach them abut his cnditin, and raise awareness fr the cmmunity. Ghanim has gne further at accepting his cnditin.
Ghanim has vercme all kinds f difficulties in his life, yet, there is still ne issue Ghanim must cntinually deal with-many medical treatments and surgery. Despite these rutine medical treatments, he knws that with faith, cmmitment and hard wrk he will be free t accmplish his ambitins. Ghanim refused t let his cnditin stp his thirst fr life and tk n varius sprts-tackling everything frm scuba diving, rck climbing t skatebarding. It is this exemplary take and attitudes twards life that have earned him the lve, respect, and admiratin f millins f peple in Qatar and acrss the glbe.
Currently in university studying plitical science, Al Muftah hpes t becme a diplmat ne day. He is als a majr scial media star, with millins f fllwers n scial media. And he spke abut his future ambitins n the university’s website, saying, “I hpe t help raise public awareness n disability rights; fster respect fr disabled persns and thrugh the prcess prmte mre inclusive and tlerant scieties.”
40. Why des Ghanim insist n walking with his hands instead f using a wheelchair?
_________________________________________________________
41. What prblem des Ghanim have t handle cntinually?
_________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Ghanim believes he will accmplish his ambitins thrugh taking n a range f sprts and speaking ut n scial media.
_________________________________________________________
43. While Ghanim has earned respect f peple acrss the glbe, hw d yu earn respect f peple arund yu? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Because he believes that he shuld make use f what he is blessed with instead f what he lacks.
41. Many medical treatments and surgery.
42. Ghanim believes he will accmplish his ambitins thrugh taking n a range f sprts and speaking ut n scial media. Because Ghanim believes he will accmplish his ambitins with faith, cmmitment and hard wrk./ Ghanim knws that with faith, cmmitment and hard wrk he will be free t accmplish his ambitins.
43. Hnest with thers, never telling lies , knwing hw t care fr thers and be mdest t thers are imprtant. As lng as we abide by the abve mentined, we will find it easy t be respected by thers.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是2022年卡塔尔世界杯形象大使Ghanim Al-Muftah的个人故事。
40. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Naturally, ne wuld expect him t use a wheelchair, but he insists n mving arund n his hands because he believes that he shuld make use f everything with which he is blessed rather than fcus n what he desn’t have.(自然地，人们会认为他使用轮椅，但他坚持用手走动，因为他认为他应该利用他有幸拥有的一切，而不是专注于他没有的东西。)”可知，他之所以坚持用手走动，是因为他认为他应该利用他所拥有的一切，而不是专注于他没有的东西。故答案为Because he believes that he shuld make use f what he is blessed with instead f what he lacks。
41. 考查细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ghanim has vercme all kinds f difficulties in his life, yet, there is still ne issue Ghanim must cntinually deal with-many medical treatments and surgery. (Ghanim已经克服了生活中的各种困难，但仍有一个问题是Ghanim必须不断面对的——多次治疗和手术。)”可知，Ghanim必须不断面对多次的治疗和手术。故答案为Many medical treatments and surgery。
42. 考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Despite these rutine medical treatments, he knws that with faith, cmmitment and hard wrk he will be free t accmplish his ambitins. (尽管有这些常规的医疗治疗，他知道只要有信念、承诺和努力工作，他就可以自由地实现他的雄心壮志。)”可知，题干中“Ghanim believes he will accmplish his ambitins thrugh taking n a range f sprts and speaking ut n scial media.( Ghanim相信，他将通过参与一系列运动并在社交媒体上发表言论来实现自己的雄心。)”中的“他将通过参与一系列运动并在社交媒体上发表言论来实现自己的雄心”为错误部分，他认为只要有信念、承诺和努力工作，他就可以自由地实现他的雄心壮志。原文要求对错误句子进行下划线标注，故答案为Ghanim believes he will accmplish his ambitins thrugh taking n a range f sprts and speaking ut n scial media. Because Ghanim believes he will accmplish his ambitins with faith, cmmitment and hard wrk. / Ghanim knws that with faith, cmmitment and hard wrk he will be free t accmplish his ambitins。
43. 开放式题目考查。根据题干要求“While Ghanim has earned respect f peple acrss the glbe, hw d yu earn respect f peple arund yu?( Ghanim赢得了全世界人民尊重，你如何赢得周围人的尊重呢？)”可知，题干根据实际要求回答如何赢得周围人的尊敬，回答合理即可。在日常生活中，获得他人尊重需要做到诚实、谦虚和体贴他人。故参考答案为：Hnest with thers, never telling lies , knwing hw t care fr thers and be mdest t thers are imprtant. As lng as we abide by the abve mentined, we will find it easy t be respected by thers。
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 说明写信原因；
2. 介绍你的相关经验和优势；
3. 希望能被录用。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir r Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir r Madam,
Knwing English vlunteer guides fr the Frbidden City are wanted in the summer vacatin, I am writing t apply fr this psitin. I am a Senir 3 student in Hngxing Middle Schl, and I believe I am qualified fr the psitin. These years, I have been n several exchange prgrams in America, which makes me cnfident with my cmmunicatin skills in English. Besides, as a fan f Chinese ancient histry, I am sure my knwledge will prve helpful when intrducing the Frbidden City t freign guests. I wuld be very grateful if yu culd ffer me the pprtunity.
Thank yu fr yur cnsideratin
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇属于应用文，要求考生给首都博物馆写信申请成为该馆暑期英文讲解志愿者，介绍自己的优势和经验。
【详解】1.词汇积累
胜任的：qualified→cmpetent
此外：besides→what’s mre
确信的：sure→certain
有用的：helpful→useful
提供：ffer→prvide
机会：pprtunity→chance
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knwing English vlunteer guides fr the Frbidden City are wanted in the summer vacatin, I am writing t apply fr this psitin.
拓展句：As I knw English vlunteer guides fr the Frbidden City are wanted in the summer vacatin, I am writing t apply fr this psitin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】These years, I have been n several exchange prgrams in America, which makes me cnfident with my cmmunicatin skills in English.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, as a fan f Chinese ancient histry, I am sure my knwledge will prve helpful when intrducing the Frbidden City t freign guests.（when引导的时间状语从句的省略）
【高分句型3】I wuld be very grateful if yu culd ffer me the pprtunity.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）