高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空说明文+议论文+(学生版)

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空说明文+议论文+(学生版)，共24页。学案主要包含了2022年全国乙卷，2022年浙江卷6月，2016年上海卷，2015年重庆卷，2015年广东卷等内容，欢迎下载使用。
历年考情
说明文是高考英语完形填空中的一种并不常考文体，其主要功能是介绍、解释或说明事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理等。与记叙文相比，说明文的语言更加简练、平实、准确，通常采用客观描述。文章主题明确，层次分明，作者通常在文章开头就点明说明对象。
命题规律
高考完形填空命题重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。
近三年设题方式大致可分为语篇层次、句间层次及句内层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句间层次题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，且句内层次、句间层次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数。但高考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有那么几个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎。
考向预测
预计2025年高考完形填空对词汇的考查仍将以实词为主，且突出语境化的特点。在备考过程中，考生应注意夯实基础词汇知识，增加词汇储备量，尤其要注意课标词汇中的多义词、派生词等，同时提高语言运用能力。
【2022年全国乙卷】Yung children acrss the glbe enjy playing games f hide and seek. Fr them, there’s smething highly exciting abut ___21___ smene else’s glance and making neself unable t be seen.
Hwever, we all witness that preschl children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest f their bdies ___23___ .
Fr a lng time, this ineffective hiding methd was ___24___ as evidence that children are hpelessly “egcentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But ur ___25___ research results in child develpmental psychlgy ___26___ that idea.
We brught yung children aged 2-4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat dwn with an adult wh cvered her wn eyes r ___28___ . We then asked the child if she culd ___29___ r hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they culdn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult cvered her wn muth: ___31___ children said that they culdn’t ___32___ t her.
A number f ___33___ ruled ut that the children misunderstd what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our yung subjects ___34___ the questins and knew ___35___ what was asked f them. Their ___36___ t the questins reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see yu nly if yu can see me, t.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recgnitin and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket ver her head, it is nt a result f egcentrism. In fact, children cnsider this methd ___40___ when thers use it.
21. A. fllwingB. takingC. escapingD. directing
22. A. cleverB. badC. scaredD. quick
23. A. expsedB. examinedC. untuchedD. imbalanced
24. A. supprtedB. guaranteedC. imaginedD. interpreted
25. A. disappintingB. mixedC. surprisingD. desired
26. A. explainedB. cnfirmedC. cntradictedD. tested
27. A. parentB. childC. researcherD. dctr
28. A. feetB. nseC. handsD. ears
29. A. seeB. helpC. reachD. fl
30. A. eventB. thingC. actinD. accident
31. A. YetB. NwC. SnD. Once
32. A. speakB. listenC. turnD. wave
33. A. instructinsB. descriptinsC. experimentsD. assumptins
34. A. cmprehendedB. predictedC. explredD. ignred
35. A. partlyB. hnestlyC. vaguelyD. exactly
36. A. respnsesB. apprachesC. cntributinD. sensitivity
37. A. abilityB. beliefC. identityD. purpse
38. A. hld backB. relate tC. insist nD. make up
39. A. limitatinsB. requirementsC. theriesD. findings
40. A. tentativeB. impressiveC. creativeD. effective
【2025届黑龙江省“六校联盟”高三上学期联合适应性考试】Hw many times have yu caught yurself absrbed in Instagram? It’s withut dubt a wnderful tl fr 21 with thers, but smetimes I wnder if we’re 22 urselves with t much attentin paid t the utside wrld.
Recently, I watched a Netflix dcumentary titled The Scial Dilemma, which put me in a(n) 23 md. I cnstantly questined myself what was s attractive abut Instagram that I wuld 24 whatever I was ding t check a ntificatin (通知) r respnd t a cmment n my pst.
Befre watching The Scial Dilemma, my screen time culdn’t have been lnger. Like any addict, 25 the prf was right in frnt f me, my 26 t admit the prblem stpped me vercming the addictin. As everyne uses scial media frequently, I thught I was just 27 the crwd.
Hwever, after watching the dcumentary, I realised that I needed a scial media detx. I really needed a 28 frm scial media. As I clicked the “x” buttn and watched Instagram 29 frm my phne screen, I gt an uneasy feeling. I wanted nthing mre than t 30 it and watch n last cat vide. Anyway, I still 31 t resist the urge, devting my time t mre meaningful things.
The detx has helped me understand that it’s 32 t check every stry the app presents r respnd t every message n it. Instead, I shuld transfer my fcus t real-wrld 33 .I strngly recmmend watching The Scial Dilemma and quitting yur mst frequently used scial media app fr ne day. I prmise the 34 in yur life will be psitive. Maybe yu’ll even discver a new-fund sense f freedm and 35 ver yur wn time and attentin.
21．A．cnnectingB．cmpetingC．cntrastingD．cperating
22．A．upsettingB．ignringC．entertainingD．disappinting
23．A．reflectiveB．cheerfulC．psitiveD．apprpriate
24．A．check utB．try utC．stick utD．leave ff
25．A．given thatB．in caseC．even thughD．prvided that
26．A．excuseB．pprtunityC．respnsibilityD．unwillingness
27．A．attractingB．searchingC．avidingD．fllwing
28．A．recveryB．releaseC．breakD．prtectin
29．A．disappearB．separateC．escapeD．shelter
30．A．remveB．chargeC．updateD．reinstall
31．A．failedB．managedC．declinedD．pretended
32．A．unsafeB．unlikelyC．unnecessaryD．unusual
33．A．challengesB．selectinsC．cnsequencesD．interactins
34．A．differenceB．directinC．experienceD．visin
35．A．curageB．trustC．masteryD．guidance

Clse（1）
【湖北省武汉中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考】During the recent Natinal Day hliday, the Aila Muntains, lcated in Suthwest China’ s Yunnan Prvince, became 56 unexpected sensatin nline.
A viral vide frm a cntent creatr, wh 57 (adventure) int the Aila Muntains alne t gather materials, shwcased the range’s mist-cvered peaks, tranquil waters, and untamed wilderness. Attracted by the mystique, many turists flcked t this nce relatively unknwn destinatin during the hliday. What was nce a thinly 58 (ppulate)“frbidden zne” quickly turned int a crwded “turist spt”.
Cntrary t 59 sme may think, the Aila Muntains are a vast range instead f a single peak. 60 (stretch) abut 400 kilmeters, it runs thrugh central Yunnan, frming a natural bundary between the Yunnan-Guizhu Plateau and the Hengduan Muntains. While sme parts have been develped int scenic areas, much f the Aila Muntains remain untuched.
Accrding t veteran gelgist Wang Yu, the muntain’s terrain is rugged (崎岖的), with steep vertical 61 (drp) and six different climate znes. “The cmplex climate, which ranges frm trpical t alpine, makes it easy fr weather 62 (change) suddenly. Once yu enter the dense frest, it’s easy t lse yur way and encunter dangers like venmus snakes, leeches, and wild animals,” Wang warned.
In 2021, the dangers f the regin became 63 (tragic) evident when fur prfessinal gelgists frm the Kunming Natural Resurces Cmprehensive Survey Center f China Gelgical Survey went missing and were later fund dead in the Aila Muntains, the yungest f 64 was 25, and the ldest 32.
While the allure f the Aila Muntains’ wild beauty is undeniable, it’s crucial nt t embark 65 such adventures withut preparatin!
Clse（2）
【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考】JngMay Urbnya is an American lady full f 21 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fnd f hanfu and Chinese dance. She was brn in China and lived there until the age f six. It was in thse years that the seeds f lve fr Chinese culture were 22 .
Even after mving back t the U. S., Urbnya's parents used Chinese TV dramas t 23 her Chinese language abilities. The seeds f passin 24 her back t China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing Nrmal University.
“When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I ften cver my shulder with a blanket, 25 I was an ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance t 26 that dream ccurred in 2020, when a TV shw had Urbnya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 27 and is winning recgnitin in the wrld. I gt the full hanfu experience and I 28 then that hanfu culture is a new-fund way t bring Chinese 29 t the present,” she said.
She 30 that 10 years ag when she was in cllege, wearing hanfu was a(n) 31 sight and she culd nly buy custm-made hanfu. “If I had wrn hanfu walking dwn the street, peple wuld prbably ask 32 in their hearts, ‘Why is this freigner wearing an ancient utfit n the street?” “Nw, she has 33 hanfu in her everyday wear and is able t purchase different 34 f hanfu nline. “I'm really happy t be a hanfu culture enthusiast, and I hpe t make it mre 35 t thse utside f China,” she said.
21．A．mysteriesB．ambitinsC．surprisesD．cntradictins
22．A．spreadB．cllectedC．swedD．blssmed
23．A．keep upB．hld upC．take upD．wrap up
24．A．deliveredB．brughtC．frcedD．flashed
25．A．celebratingB．demandingC．guaranteeingD．pretending
26．A．achieveB．appreciateC．imagineD．establish
27．A．appealB．expsureC．admiratinD．devtin
28．A．prpsedB．indicatedC．realizedD．prved
29．A．faithB．histryC．valuesD．virtues
30．A．memrizedB．declaredC．remindedD．recalled
31．A．ppularB．rareC．desirableD．crucial
32．A．ridiculuslyB．seriuslyC．casuallyD．curiusly
33．A．fldedB．includedC．replacedD．created
34．A．rangesB．mdelsC．sizesD．styles
35．A．reliableB．cmfrtableC．accessibleD．reasnable
Clse（3）
【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考】JngMay Urbnya is an American lady full f 1 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fnd f hanfu and Chinese dance. She was brn in China and lived there until the age f six. It was in thse years that the seeds f lve fr Chinese culture were 2 .
Even after mving back t the U. S., Urbnya's parents used Chinese TV dramas t 3 her Chinese language abilities. The seeds f passin 4 her back t China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing Nrmal University.
“When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I ften cver my shulder with a blanket, 5 I was an ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance t 6 that dream ccurred in 2020, when a TV shw had Urbnya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 7 and is winning recgnitin in the wrld. I gt the full hanfu experience and I 8 then that hanfu culture is a new-fund way t bring Chinese 9 t the present,” she said.
She 10 that 10 years ag when she was in cllege, wearing hanfu was a(n) 11 sight and she culd nly buy custm-made hanfu. “If I had wrn hanfu walking dwn the street, peple wuld prbably ask 12 in their hearts, ‘Why is this freigner wearing an ancient utfit n the street?” “Nw, she has 13 hanfu in her everyday wear and is able t purchase different 14 f hanfu nline. “I'm really happy t be a hanfu culture enthusiast, and I hpe t make it mre 15 t thse utside f China,” she said.
1．A．mysteriesB．ambitinsC．surprisesD．cntradictins
2．A．spreadB．cllectedC．swedD．blssmed
3．A．keep upB．hld upC．take upD．wrap up
4．A．deliveredB．brughtC．frcedD．flashed
5．A．celebratingB．demandingC．guaranteeingD．pretending
6．A．achieveB．appreciateC．imagineD．establish
7．A．appealB．expsureC．admiratinD．devtin
8．A．prpsedB．indicatedC．realizedD．prved
9．A．faithB．histryC．valuesD．virtues
10．A．memrizedB．declaredC．remindedD．recalled
11．A．ppularB．rareC．desirableD．crucial
12．A．ridiculuslyB．seriuslyC．casuallyD．curiusly
13．A．fldedB．includedC．replacedD．created
14．A．rangesB．mdelsC．sizesD．styles
15．A．reliableB．cmfrtableC．accessibleD．reasnable
Clse（4）
【河南省信阳市2024-2025学年普通高中高三上学期第二次教学质量检测】Lttie Mills, a student at the University f Cambridge, wn the BBC Yung Writers’ Award and she was cngratulated fr her 21 “The Changeling” at the virtual award ceremny. It was an inspiring stry. Upset abut hw difference is described in sme nvels, particularly when it cmes t disability, Lttie was inspired by “therhd” (另类教育) and aimed t advcate a 22 state f mind.
“The Changeling” transfrmed a myth (神话) int a magical and wnderful tale f a girl’s pwerful 23 . Ltti e said, “As a disabled persn, my stries quite ften fcus n ideas f therhd, based n characters wh are 24 by their sciety in sme way r anther.” She felt a strng 25 t challenge these scial standards thrugh her writing.
“I had been researching fairy-related myths fr a university essay and when I came acrss the idea f “changeling”, it really 26 in my mind. I really wanted t write a stry which wuld shw the 27 f disabled peple, rather than describe them as disadvantaged.” Her determinatin t 28 that descriptin was firm. Nw Lttie is writing her first nvel, a children’ s bk. Knwing hw 29 the right stry can be, she desires t becme an authr, hping t 30 yung readers with her tales.
Ltti e wn fierce cmpetitin ver fur finalists. Kate Thistletn, BBC Radi RI presenter and ne f the Yung Writers’ Award judges, said, “We were 31 by ‘The Changeling’. It’ s simply beautiful. I lve the way it uses fairy myth t tell a stry frm difference and disability t 32 . I’m s happy Lttie wn and is cnsidering a jb as an authr after being 33 by the Yung Writers’ Award.” Her win is a 34 fr all ambitius writers, especially thse wh, like Lttie, may feel like 35 in sciety.”
21．A．reprtB．essayC．pemD．wrk
22．A．neutralB．negativeC．psitiveD．passive
23．A．grwthB．balanceC．habitD．hbby
24．A．acceptedB．welcmedC．supprtedD．deserted
25．A．fearB．hesitatinC．respnsibilityD．agreement
26．A．stuckB．disappearedC．ccurredD．hurt
27．A．weaknessesB．disabilitiesC．advantagesD．nervusness
28．A．prmteB．changeC．maintainD．ignre
29．A．life-savingB．life-threateningC．life-disturbingD．life-changing
30．A．inspireB．entertainC．annyD．challenge
31．A．takenB．carriedC．impressedD．refused
32．A．willingnessB．rejectinC．cmplaintD．acceptance
33．A．cnfusedB．mtivatedC．discuragedD．disappinted
34．A．rutineB．mdelC．taskD．lss
35．A．utsidersB．insidersC．pineersD．leaders
Clse（5）
【山东省实验中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】China’s space explratin has nce again achieved a great success. The launch f the Shenzhu-19 spacecraft was a memrable mment fr all Chinese, marking the beginning f a new 41 in China’s space jurney.
The Lng March-2F rcket was the perfect 42 fr this imprtant missin with its impressive appearance and stable technlgy, and the astrnauts underwent 43 training.
At zer secnds, with everyne’s hearts 44 , the rcket sared int the sky, leaving a trail f fire and smke. Back n Earth, peple watched the launch n TV and 45 the astrnauts’ prgress thrugh live bradcast. The successful launch and peratin f the spacecraft 46 China’s ability t cmpete with the wrld’s leading space agencies.
During the missin, the astrnauts will have 47 tasks t accmplish. They will 48 scientific experiments and prepare fr future missins. They will als take time t enjy the beautiful 49 f Earth frm space. The Shenzhu-19 spacecraft is suppsed t 50 its missin after six mnths in space. The success f the missin will inspire many yung peple t pursue their dreams f becming astrnauts.
Since 2003, with each new missin, China has shwn its ability t 51 and push the bundaries f human knwledge. And with its strng scientific and technlgical 52 , China is sure t make greater achievements in the future.
The Shenzhu-19 missin is a cnstant 53 f China’s grwing influence in space explratin. It marks a new era in China’s space explratin and 54 the wrld’s attentin t the cuntry’s develpment. As China cntinues t prgress, we can nly imagine what the future hlds fr this 55 natin.
41．A．framewrkB．chapterC．mdeD．platfrm
42．A．ptinB．cmbinatinC．lcatinD．definitin
43．A．dramaticB．appealingC．flexibleD．demanding
44．A．beatingB．sinkingC．racingD．melting
45．A．fllwedB．dcumentedC．mnitredD．nticed
46．A．facilitatedB．identifiedC．clarifiedD．demnstrated
47．A．multipleB．urgentC．physicalD．risky
48．A．draw nB．carry utC．bring upD．deal with
49．A．imagesB．fieldsC．sightsD．figures
50．A．summarizeB．ccupyC．interruptD．cmplete
51．A．wnderB．innvateC．sustainD．apply
52．A．expansinB．backgrundC．intrductinD．cmpetence
53．A．reminderB．warningC．peratinD．factr
54．A．referB．limitsC．absrbsD．cnnects
55．A．humbleB．pwerfulC．reliableD．generus
Clse（6）
【2025届河南部分高中青桐鸣大联考2024-2025学年高三下学期开学】At a recent hliday gathering, I sat behind a rw f parents watching dzens f 9-year-lds in ties and beautiful dresses singing Sleigh Ride. Each f the parents had a 61 in hand, carefully and seriusly recrding the 62 . They were wrking s hard t ensure they didn’t 63 anything — and yet I wrried that they were, in fact, missing ut.
Childhd is 64 . This perfrmance r sccer game will never cme again. S I understand the 65 t capture (捕捉) everything.
Parents have lng sught ways t 66 time as their kids grw, starting with baby bks cntaining ftprints and lcks f hair. We 67 reprt cards, Hallween pems, and gld-starred spelling tests. And f curse we have taken phts and vides.
Yet the mre I see parents 68 reaching fr their phnes, the mre I cme t believe that when we turn ur kids int the subjects f ur persnal dcumentaries, we 69 lsing an pprtunity t really 70 ur children.
S the next time yu’re at a game r birthday party, try this: take a few phts at the beginning, then put yur phne away. Keep yur eyes n yur 71 , wh will be lking fr yu. Wait fr them t 72 yu in the audience. Maybe they’ll light up. Maybe they’ll cver their face in 73 . Either way, this is the 74 mment: the minute they will knw that yu really 75 them.
61．A．ntebkB．cameraC．phneD．cmputer
62．A．issueB．eventC．viewD．stry
63．A．frgetB．ignreC．leaveD．miss
64．A．bringB．lnelyC．tughD．shrt
65．A．pwerB．abilityC．urgeD．chance
66．A．stpB．freezeC．spendD．waste
67．A．saveB．fillC．takeD．write
68．A．dramaticallyB．autmaticallyC．rarelyD．patiently
69．A．riskB．appreciateC．avidD．mind
70．A．cnnect withB．take cntrl fC．cntribute tD．get rid f
71．A．friendB．teacherC．partnerD．child
72．A．pickB．hearC．fllwD．spt
73．A．embarrassmentB．prideC．angerD．excitement
74．A．briefB．meaningfulC．quietD．histric
75．A．respectB．judgeC．seeD．criticize
Clse（7）
【2024届广东省佛山市禅城区高三下学期统一调研测试（二）】When I was seven, my father gave me a watch, Timex. It was my first watch. I lved it, wre it fr years, and haven’t had anther ne since it stpped clicking a decade ag. Why? Because I dn’t 81 ne. I have a mbile phne and I’m always near smene with an iPd r smething like that. All these 82 tell the time — which is why, if yu lk arund, yu’ll see lts f empty 83 ; sales f watches t yung adults have been ging dwn since 2007. But while the 84 men have realized that they dn’t need them, thers 85 are spending ttal frtunes n them. Brands (品牌) such as Rlex and Philippe cmmand shcking 86 , up t £250,000 fr a piece.
This is 87 . These days all watches tell the time as well as all ther watches. Expensive watches cme with extra 88 but wh needs them? Hw ften d yu dive t 300 metres int the sea r need t find yur 89 in the Suth Ple? S why pay that much f five years’ schl fees fr watches that allw yu t d these things? If justice were dne, the Swiss watch industry shuld have 90 when the Japanese discvered hw t 91 accurate watches fr a five-pund nte.
Watches are nw categrized as “investments”. A 1994 Philippe recently sld fr nearly £350,000, while 1960s Rlexes have gne frm £15,000 t £30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is nt an investment. It’s a(n) 92 fr self-satisfactin, a matter f fashin. Prices may keep ging up. But when fashin mves n, the 93 f that £350,000 beauty will 94 find his pride and jy is n mre a gd investment than my 95 Timex.
81．A．wnB．wearC．chseD．need
82．A．devicesB．phnesC．watchesD．friends
83．A．mindsB．wristsC．bagsD．hands
84．A．yungB．sensitiveC．prudD．wise
85．A．regularlyB． apparentlyC．generuslyD．usually
86．A．pricesB．salariesC．peratinsD．applicatins
87．A．unexpectedB．fashinableC．sillyD．reasnable
88．A．functinsB．chargesC．peratinsD．applicatins
89．A．interestB．directinC．curageD．frtune
90．A．cme upB．brightened upC．clsed dwnD．mved n
91．A．appreciateB．setC．prmteD．make
92．A．tyB．memryC．rewardD．inventin
93．A．designerB．admirerC．prducerD．wner
94．A．riginallyB．suddenlyC．particularlyD．cnstantly
95．A．pricelessB．pcketC．childhdD．pr
Clse（8）
【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】I used t find award shw speeches inspiring when celebrities encuraged peple t “chase their dreams.” Hwever, as I grew lder, I 101 the txicity (毒性) behind this ntin. Pursuing ur dreams is nt always easy due t varius 102 . Fr instance, I 103 t be a singer but lacked the financial means t auditin fr cmpetitin shws. Later, my dream 104 t becming a manga editr, but I faced 105 like language barriers, travel csts, and difficult exams.
Thugh there is hpe, cnsidering many celebrities started frm humble beginnings, achieving dreams remains 106 . As smene wh nce had ambitius aspiratins, these “chase yur dreams” speeches gave me 107 hpe. I take issue with such celebrity speeches because they suggest that anyne can 108 whatever they desire simply by wishing fr it. 109 , reality tells us therwise. I am nt trying t be 110 , but rather realistic. Grwing lder has taught me that sme dreams are meant t stay as dreams.
Nnetheless, I am grateful that my dream f becming a singer did nt materialize. I have fund ther passins — writing and editing — and 111 pursued them as a career thrugh cllege. I have n regrets abut this path. If we d nt 112 exactly where we want t be, it is alright. Life smetimes presents bstacles that 113 us frm chsing ur first preference fr the future. Our dreams may nt always be 114 , but that des nt mean gd things are nt in stre fr us. Life ften takes us n different paths. D nt lse hpe, fr yu have a bright future ahead, 115 the chices yu make.
101．A．wrriedB．changedC．realizedD．cntrlled
102．A．barriersB．sheltersC．excusesD．thughts
103．A．failedB．agreedC．usedD．desired
104．A．fcusedB．shiftedC．cntinuedD．happened
105．A．effrtsB．challengesC．demandsD．chices
106．A．straightfrwardB．cmmnC．cmplicatedD．rare
107．A．falseB．trueC．greatD．special
108．A．cnfirmB．appreciateC．accmplishD．distribute
109．A．TherefreB．MreverC．HweverD．Furthermre
110．A．ptimisticB．pessimisticC．energeticD．enthusiastic
111．A．unexpectedlyB．unavidablyC．uneventfullyD．unnecessarily
112．A．cme upB．turn upC．set upD．end up
113．A．saveB．prtectC．preventD．guard
114．A．cmfrtableB．attainableC．bearableD．adjustable
115．A．instead fB．in terms fC．by means fD．regardless f
【答案】101．C 102．A 103．D 104．B 105．B 106．D 107．A 108．C 109．C 110．B 111．A 112．D 113．C 114．B 115．D
Clse（1）
【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy t thrw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shuts as I thrw him skywards and catch him n the way back dwn again. He thrws his arms and legs ut ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense f ___20___ .
I hpe Jacky will always trust me fully, but I knw that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need mre effrt and sund judgment____22____ . Trust is such an imprtant part f a ___23___ relatinship that it’s smething that can’t ___24___ t lse. Every time I ___25___ Jacky t smething new, he’ll d it nly because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knwledge that he wn’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky t swim means he has t ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
___29___ in the wrkplace, trust is imprtant fr strng ___30___ . It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t ___31___ amng their team. If peple dn’t trust yu, they’re unlikely t ___32___ yur directins and willingly becme a lyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ f trust can make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu. At the very least, it means that peple are nt ging t be ___34___ yu their best. Gd ___35___, like gd parenting, is a lng-term cmmitment.
16. A. deserveB. missC. lveD. knw
17. A. as ifB. in caseC. even thughD. s that
18. A. fearB. excitementC. dubtD. astnishment
19. A. reasnableB. limitedC. absluteD. imprtant
20. A. reliefB. satisfactinC. achievementD. respnsibility
21. A. lderB. busierC. quieterD. healthier
22. A. n my behalfB. n my partC. in my hnrD. in my name
23. A. lng-distanceB. high-riskC. parent-childD. teacher-student
24. A. affrdB. chseC. waitD. expect
25. A. attachB. cmpareC. adjustD. intrduce
26. A. safeB. happyC. prudD. grateful
27. A. Abve allB. In additinC. At firstD. Fr example
28. A. admitB. believeC. suggestD. imagine
29. A. HweverB. TherefreC. SimilarlyD. Frtunately
30. A. affectinB. determinatinC. friendshipD. leadership
31. A. assessB. rganizeC. develpD. understand
32. A. repeatB. fllwC. changeD. frget
33. A. gestureB. measureC. bndD. lack
34. A. tellingB. givingC. sellingD. sending
35. A. managementB. persnalityC. cmmunicatinD. educatin
Clse（2）
【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy t thrw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shuts as I thrw him skywards and catch him n the way back dwn again. He thrws his arms and legs ut ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense f ___20___ .
I hpe Jacky will always trust me fully, but I knw that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need mre effrt and sund judgment____22____ . Trust is such an imprtant part f a ___23___ relatinship that it’s smething that can’t ___24___ t lse. Every time I ___25___ Jacky t smething new, he’ll d it nly because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knwledge that he wn’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky t swim means he has t ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
___29___ in the wrkplace, trust is imprtant fr strng ___30___ . It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t ___31___ amng their team. If peple dn’t trust yu, they’re unlikely t ___32___ yur directins and willingly becme a lyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ f trust can make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu. At the very least, it means that peple are nt ging t be ___34___ yu their best. Gd ___35___, like gd parenting, is a lng-term cmmitment.
16. A. deserveB. missC. lveD. knw
17. A. as ifB. in caseC. even thughD. s that
18. A. fearB. excitementC. dubtD. astnishment
19. A. reasnableB. limitedC. absluteD. imprtant
20. A. reliefB. satisfactinC. achievementD. respnsibility
21. A. lderB. busierC. quieterD. healthier
22. A. n my behalfB. n my partC. in my hnrD. in my name
23. A. lng-distanceB. high-riskC. parent-childD. teacher-student
24. A. affrdB. chseC. waitD. expect
25. A. attachB. cmpareC. adjustD. intrduce
26. A. safeB. happyC. prudD. grateful
27. A. Abve allB. In additinC. At firstD. Fr example
28. A. admitB. believeC. suggestD. imagine
29. A. HweverB. TherefreC. SimilarlyD. Frtunately
30. A. affectinB. determinatinC. friendshipD. leadership
31. A. assessB. rganizeC. develpD. understand
32. A. repeatB. fllwC. changeD. frget
33. A. gestureB. measureC. bndD. lack
34. A. tellingB. givingC. sellingD. sending
35. A. managementB. persnalityC. cmmunicatinD. educatin
Clse（3）
【2016年上海卷】In the 1960s, Duglas McGregr, ne f the key thinkers in the art f management, develped the mw famus Thery X and Thery Y. Thery X is the idea that peple instinctively 51 wrk and will d anything t avid it. Thery Y is the view that everyne has the ptential t find satisfactin in wrk.
In any case, despite s much evidence t the 52 , many managers still agree t Thery X. They believe, 53 , that their emplyees need cnstant supervisin if they are t wrk effectively, r that decisins must be impsed frm 54 withut cnsultatin. This, f curse, makes fr authritarian (专制的) managers.
Different cultures have different ways f 55 peple. Unlike authritarian management, sme cultures, particularly in Asia, are well knwn fr the cnsultative nature f decisin-making—all members f the department r wrk grup are asked t 56 t this prcess. This is management by the cllective pinin. Many western cmpanies have tried t imitate such Asian ways f ding things, which are based n general 57 . Sme experts say that wmen will becme mre effective managers than men because they have the pwer t reach cmmn gals in a way that traditinal 58 managers cannt.
A recent trend has been t encurage emplyees t use their wn initiative, t make decisins n their wn withut 59 managers first. This empwerment (授权) has been part f the trend twards dwnsizing: 60 the number f management layers in cmpanies. After de-layering in this way, a cmpany may be 61 with just a tp level f senir managers, frnt-line managers and emplyees with direct cntact with the public. Empwerment takes the idea f delegatin (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empwerment and delegatin mean new frms f management cntrl t 63 that the verall business plan is being fllwed, and that peratins becme mre prfitable under the new rganizatin, rather than less.
Anther trend is ff-site r 64 management, where teams f peple linked by e-mail and the Internet wrk n prjects frm their wn huses. Prject managers evaluate the 65 f the team members in terms f what they prduce fr prjects, rather than the amunt f time they spend n them.
51. A. desireB. seekC. lseD. dislike
52. A. cntraryB. expectatinC. degreeD. extreme
53. A. vice versaB. fr exampleC. hweverD. therwise
54. A. utsideB. insideC. belwD. abve
55. A. replacingB. assessingC. managingD. encuraging
56. A. referB. cntributeC. bjectD. apply
57. A. agreementB. practiceC. electinD. impressin
58. A. bssyB. experiencedC. westernD. male
59. A. askingB. trainingC. warningD. firing
60. A. dublingB. maintainingC. reducingD. estimating
61. A. hnred B. leftC. crwdedD. cmpared
62. A. ecnmicallyB. traditinallyC. inadequatelyD. ccasinally
63. A. denyB. admitC. assumeD. ensure
64. A. virtualB. ineffectiveC. day-t-dayD. n-the-scene
65. A. pininB. riskC. perfrmanceD. attractiveness
Clse（4）
【2015年重庆卷】Imagine the first days in a new time zne. Slw t respnd t the 28 , yur bdy clck is cnfused. Yu’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time fr bed, yu can hardly fall asleep. Obviusly yu’re 29 jet lag（时差反应）.
Travelers have traditinally fught this 30 with sleeping pills r alchl. There are actually healthier ways that can wrk just as 31.
Fr example, the mment yu get n the airplane, start 32 yur bilgical clck t the destinatin’s time. If it’s daytime in yur destinatin, try t stay 33 . Walking arund the cabin（客舱） can be f help. When it’s nighttime, try t sleep. In that case, eat befre the flight, 34 an empty stmach will prevent yu frm sleeping. These tips will help yu start a new 35f sleep and wakefulness.
28. A.flightB.change C.demandD.climate
29. A.suffering frm B.wrking n C.lking int D.leading t
30. A.danger B.prblemC.waste D.fear
31. A.briefly B.slwly C.suddenlyD.effectively
32. A.checkingB.sendingC.adjustingD.stpping
33. A.awake B.alneC.hungry D.calm
34. A.thugh B.s C.while D.r
35. A.understanding B.cycleC.researchD.trend
Clse（5）
【2015年广东卷】Hw lng can human beings live? Mst scientists wh study ld age think that the human bdy is 1 t live n lnger than 120 years. Hwever, 110 years is prbably the lngest that anyne culd hpe t live — if he r she is 2 healthy and lucky. Sme scientists even say we can live as lng as 130 years! Yet, ur cells simply cannt cntinue t reprduce 3 . They wear ut, and as a result, we get ld and 4 die.
Even thugh we can’t live frever, we are living a 5 life than ever befre. In 1900, the average American life span(寿命)was nly 47 years, but tday it is 75 years!
When des ld age begin then? Sixty-five may be ut-f-date as the 6 line between middle age and ld age. After all, many lder peple dn’t begin t experience physical and mental 7 until after age 75.
Peple are living lnger because mre peple 8 childhd. Befre mdern medicine changed the laws f nature, many children died f cmmn childhd 9 . Nw that the chances f dying 10 are much lwer, the chances f living lng are much higher due t better diets and health care.
On the whle, ur ppulatin is getting lder. The 11 in ur ppulatin will have lasting effects n ur scial develpment and ur way f life. Sme peple fear such changes will be fr the wrse, while sme see 12 , nt disaster. Tday, many men and wmen in their "glden years" are healthy, still active, and yung in 13 if nt in age.
As ur sciety grws ld, we need the 14 f ur lder citizens. With lng lives ahead f them, they need t 15 active and be devted.
1.A. designedB. selectedC. imprvedD. discvered
2.A. cmpletely B. generallyC. apparentlyD. extremely
3.A. rapidlyB. harmlesslyC. endlesslyD. separately
4.A. eventuallyB. hpelesslyC. autmatically D. desperately
5.A. busierB. lnger C. richer D. happier
6.A. finishingB. guidingC. waitingD. dividing
7.A. stress B. damageC. declineD. failure
8.A. survive B. enjyC. rememberD. value
9.A. prblems B. fearsC. wrriesD. diseases
10.A. pr B. yung C. sickD. quiet
11.A. changes B. recveryC. safety D. increases
12.A. dreams B. chancesC. strengthsD. chices
13.A. mind B. appearanceC. viceD. mvement
14.A. prtectinB. suggestinsC. cntributinsD. permissin
15.A. sund B. appear C. turnD. stay
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