云南省保山市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题(含详细答案解析)

这是一份云南省保山市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题(含详细答案解析)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，任务型读写，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
Exciting news fr yu! The access t sme wrld-famus universities this fall semester finally pumps up. Here are the first fur yu can chse frm.
University f Sydney
As ne f the ldest universities in Australia, set up in 1850 and knwn fr its Health Science, the university advcates t challenge yurselves, respect thers and embrace diversity.
Requirements: IELTS 6.5⁺ r TOEFL 100⁺ and NEMT scres abve 70%
Annual Tuitin Fees: $21,000 — 34,000
Deadline: February 15, 2025
University f Trnt
Built in 1827, as a public natinal research university lcated in Trnt, Canada, cvering a wide range f fields including cmputer science, engineering, music and architecture, the university prefers independent applicants and prvides part-time jbs in campus.
Requirements: IELTS 6.5⁺ r TOEFL 100⁺, High Schl GPA 80⁺
Annual Tuitin Fees: $28,400
Deadline: March 27, 2025
Natinal University f Singapre
Funded in 1905, as a wrld-class university in Singapre and ne f the mst renwned institutins in Asia, leading in natural sciences and cmputer science, the university inspires t questin bldly, explre new ideas, and advcate prblem-slving abilities.
Requirements: IELTS 6.5⁺ and NEMT scres 650⁺, A in all subjects
Annual Tuitin Fees: $25,200
Deadline: March 3, 2025
Califrnia Institute f Technlgy
Established in 1891 and lcated in Pasadena, Califrnia, as ne f the tp science and engineering institutins, particularly best-knwn fr physical science, the university encurages t pursue dreams and supprts t start up business.
Requirements: IELTS nt accepted, TOEFL 100⁺
Annual Tuitin Fees: $26,577
Deadline: February 20, 2025
Fr mre infrmatin, please click , where prfessinals will be available.
1.Which university can be cnsidered if yu want t be a dctr?
A. University f Sydney.
B. University f Trnt.
C. Natinal University f Singapre.
D. Califrnia Institute f Technlgy.
2.Hw is the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy different frm the ther universities?
A. The deadline is due first.B. The fees are the highest.
C. It has the lngest histry.D. It nly admits TOFFL scre.
3.Where is the text mst likely taken frm?
A. A magazine.B. A textbk.C. A website.D. A brchure.
B
In the prt f Le Havre, the dawn light embraces the water; small bats mve thrugh the mist; tall factry chimneys (烟囱) mix their smke with the fg — an image f beauty and harmny painted by Claude Mnet in Impressin, Sunrise, inviting yu t step int the wrld f Impressinism.
Painted at dawn n Nvember 13, 1872, this il painting pictures a harbr scene envelped in mrning mist, and reveals the beautiful view f daybreak thrugh the interplay f light and mtin. In this painting, Mnet abandned the mainstream academic art style f his time — distinct bundaries and clrs. Instead, he fcused n clr relatinships and the effects f utdr light, capturing the delicate changes f clrs thrugh reflectins n the water surface, breaking thrugh the limits f the art wrld at the time.
This artistic treasure nt nly shwcases Mnet’s unique insight int the interplay f light and clr in nature but als mirrrs his pineering apprach t artistic creatin. Meanwhile, it describes a warm and peaceful life, representing peple’s expectatins fr ecnmic recvery and scial stability. The industrial elements in the painting, such as the smking chimneys, imply the develpment f sciety and ecnmic bm at the time, suggesting the scial changes and the mentality f peple in late 19th century Eurpe.
Fr a thrugh appreciatin f this artwrk and its significance in art histry, ne shuld examine the primary clrs featured in the painting, such as light purple, sft red, blue-gray, and range-yellw, and figure ut hw they interact t bring up the atmsphere f a sunrise. It’s als imprtant t figure ut hw Mnet skillfully seized the instant thrugh the cntrast f light and shadw, alng with his deliberate arrangement f the sun, bats, and chimneys. Mre imprtantly, the symblic significance f the sunrise, r what it mint symblize in terms f hpe, rebirth, r scietal transfrmatin, is a theme that viewers shuld cnsider repeatedly.
4.What is the authr’s purpse by describing the prt at the beginning?
A. T cnvey emtin.B. T invite peple t visit.
C. T aruse readers’ interest.D. T shwcase literary talent.
5.Which were best defines Claude Mnet accrding t the passage?
A. Cnservative.B. Innvative.C. Passive.D. Traditinal.
6.Which f the fllwing aspects is NOT analyzed in the text?
A. The use f primary clrs in the painting.
B. The impact f industrial develpment n sciety.
C. The influence f Mnet’s painting n future generatins.
D. Mnet’s technique in capturing the interplay f light and clr.
7.What can be the mst apprpriate title fr the text?
A. Mnet: The Greatest Master f Art
B. Mnet: The Pineer f Impressinism
C. Impressin, Sunrise Is an Artistic Revlutin
D. Impressin, Sunrise Is a Mirrr fr the 19th Century Eurpe
C
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute in Germany have develped a fur-legged rbt named Mrti that can autnmusly learn t walk withut struggling. Standing at half a meter tall, Mrti can learn t walk within ne hur, in rughly the same amunt f time as a newbrn hrse, which is a remarkable achievement in the field f rbtics.
Designed by Felix Ruppert, Mrti perates n an AI algrithm (算法) that cpies the neural (神经系统的) netwrks fund in the spinal crds (脊髓) f animals, which are respnsible fr cntrlling the rhythmic cnductin f muscles during walking. Mrti can fllw the way a baby animal learns t mve, as it als finds the mst efficient way t use their muscles by trying and initially tripping. “Just by learning t use-legs prperly, yu basically get energy efficiency fr free,” says Ruppert. This is a big step frward in the wrld f rbtics, where energy efficiency is a key factr in the practical applicatin f such technlgy.
A cmmn challenge fr AI systems is their ability t adapt when the envirnment changes. Mrti’s design, which relies n the cntinuus adjustment f its mvements, culd ffer a slutin t this challenge, ptentially making it perfrm better in dynamic and changing envirnments. Hillel Chiel at Case Western Reserve University in Ohi says, “The brains f animals cntain structures and knwledge that aid their learning. Sme AIs can imitate animal-like learning, but their artificial nervus systems are generally nt yet as cmplex”.
Mrti’s energy-efficient learning prcess and its capacity t adjust t its envirnment are indicative f the future pssibilities in AI and rbtics. This technlgy culd pave the way fr the develpment f mre advanced and adaptable machines, revlutinizing the way we think abut and interact with rbtics. Mrti is nt just a rbt, but a glance int a future where machines can learn and adapt with a level f efficiency and respnsiveness that was nce thught t be just fr living things.
8.Why des the authr mentin “a newbrn hrse” in Paragraph 1?
A. T shw the speed at which Mrti learns t walk.
B. T illustrate the cmplexity f Mrti’s AI algrithm.
C. T cmpare the size f Mrti t that f a newbrn hrse.
D. T highlight the less efficiency f Mrti’s learning prcess.
9.What can we learn abut Mrti’s AI algrithm frm Paragraph 2?
A. It integrates multiple AI techniques.
B. It imitates the neural pathways in animal brains.
C. It eches the learning strategies f yung animals.
D. It clnes the neural netwrks in the spinal crds f animals.
10.Hw des Mnti cpe with the challenge f envirnmental changes?
A. By learning t use its legs.
B. By adjusting its mvements.
C. By cpying human’s behavir.
D. By predicting envirnmental changes.
11.What is the text mainly abut?
A. The challenges AI faces.
B. The develpment f a new algrithm.
C. The similarities between Mrti and living things.
D. The creatin and learning prcess f the rbt Mrti.
D
With hunters wiping ut mst fruit-eating birds in the frest f Lambir Hills Natinal Park n western Brne by the 1990s, the sky grew duller, and in a few years, s did the frest. Withut birds t spread their seeds, the diversity f fruit-prducing plants declined, highlighting the critical imprtance f seed dispersal fr ecsystem health. Just as Jrdi Bascmpte, an eclgist at the University f Zurich, calls it “the glue that keeps eclgical cmmunities tgether”.
Recently, a study in Science reveals that at least ne-third f Eurpean plant species are endangered. This includes nt just birds but als mammals, reptiles, and ants. Pedr Jrdan, anther eclgist, illustrated the study “brilliant and captivating” but als “alarming”, warning that the lss f seed dispersers culd prevent plants expanding their ranges t adapt t climate change r recver frm wildfires, especially in Eurpe’s highly disjinted landscape. Ruben Helen, a cmmunity eclgist, said, “We shuld nt be afraid f using the wrd crisis,” given the situatin that plant species are facing.
Sara Mendes, a Ph. D．student at the University f Cimbra, searched thrugh thusands f studies in 26 languages, fcusing n terms like seed dispersal and the mre than 900 Eurpean animals likely t cnsume seeds. “The prject requires a certain amunt f craziness t be accmplished,” she said, adding that in all majr bigegraphical areas in Eurpe, mre than ne-third f seed-dispersing animal species are either threatened r decreasing.
Furthermre, the study disclses that ver 60% f plants have five r fewer seed dispersers, making them particularly susceptible t the decline r disappearance f any f these critical species. Nearly 80 “very high cncern” interactins where bth the plant and its disperser are threatened r declining, such as the Eurpean fan palm relying n the endangered rabbit, have been identified.
Despite the extensive data, significant gaps remain. Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature assessments are incmplete fr 67% f the plant species, and the rles f varius dispersers, especially fr rare plants, are still unclear. Eclgists warn that similar crises may be unflding n ther cntinents, cntinents,including Nrth America.
12.What’s the primary cause f the decline in fruit-prducing plant diversity in Lambir Hills Natinal Park?
A. The disjintedness f the Eurpean landscape.
B. The absence f birds t spread plant seeds.
C. The impact f climate change n plant species.
D. The remval f fruit-eating animals by hunters.
13.What is Ruben Helen’s attitude twards the situatin described in the passage?
A. Cncerned.B. Optimistic.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.
14.What des the underlined wrd “susceptible” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Stable.B. Sensitive.C. Adaptable.D. Resistant.
15.Hw is the infrmatin rganized in the article?
A. Time rder.
B. Prblem-slutin frmat.
C. Cause and effect structure.
D. Cmparisn amng different species.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
Things t Remember When Bking a Grup Tur
When it cmes t travelling abrad, many peple pt t take part in a grup tur t get the mst ut f their hliday. Hwever, there are always a few details t deal with befre yu bk yur trip. 16 Thankfully, travel expert Dilvin Yasa has shared her tips fr bking a grup tur.
● 17 When planning a grup tur, yu need t put expense first. It’s imprtant t “read the itinerary (行程) carefully befre yu bk and add up all the exclusins until yu arrive at yur ‘real figure.’” Extra csts culd include lunches, dinners, attractins and additinal activities.
●Chse the right time. Selecting the right time f year fr yur grup tur can make a big difference. Cnsider the weather cnditins, peak travel seasns, and any public hlidays r events that might affect yur itinerary. 18
●Stay cnnected. In case f emergencies r changes in plans, it’s imprtant t stay cnnected. Ensure everyne has the necessary cntact infrmatin, including emergency cntacts and travel insurance details. Having a prtable charger r pwer bank can als be handy t keep devices pwered up.
●Keep sme cash n hand. 19 Hwever, yu shuld always be prepared fr extra cash. Especially when travelling t mre remte lcatins, r if yu’re visiting smaller fd stands r markets, yu shuldn’t assume everywhere will take card payments. Yasa said, “Make sure yu have lcal currency n yu at all times and yu’re gd t g.”
20 With these tips in mind, yu can ensure a memrable and enjyable experience fr everyne invlved.
A．Bk in advance.
B．Budget accrdingly.
C．Here are sme tips t cnsider.
D．Running int issues n a tur can break yur vacatin.
E．Mst f yur tur expenses have already been paid befre yu depart.
F．Aviding peak seasns can ften lead t lwer csts and fewer crwds.
G．Planning a grup tur requires careful cnsideratin and rganizatin.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共22.5分。
In Rwanda, a yung man named Mushimiyimana Lenidas nce fund himself caught in a dilemma. His mther, 21 in agriculture, struggled t prvide fr the family, leaving Lenidas with the 22 tasks f paying fr his university educatin while als supprting his sisters.
Agricultural develpment in the area was limited, s farming 23 met the family’s basic needs. Despite these 24 , Lenidas never gave up and cmpleted his university studies. Hwever, the lack f suitable jb pprtunities made his dream f 25 his family’s living standards seem increasingly distant.
26 , a ray f hpe emerged in the frm f Junca, a hybrid grass develped by a Chinese agricultural expert, prfessr Lin Zhanxi. In 2011, Prfessr Lin led a team t Rwanda t 27 the urgent prblems that the lcal farmers had faced with. They 28 sme prjects, which were aimed at 29 water and sil tss t preserve farmland. They als intrduced the technique f cultivating mushrms using Junca, a methd that had previusly 30 many Chinese farmers ut f pverty. The methd ffered prmise t Lenidas.
Lenidas seized this pprtunity. He determined t learn mre abut this 31 and sn started a business prducing mushrms. After ten years f cntinuus wrk, it had 32 Lenidas’ life cmpletely. He was nw nt nly able t fully supprt his family but als extend a helping hand t thers.
Lenidas’ stry is nt 33 . Many farmers in Rwanda, like him, have als benefited frm the grass and started new, fulfilling lives. The hybrid grass has had a significant influence n their lives, freeing them frm 34 and prviding them with new pprtunities fr grwth and wealth.
The future lks 35 fr many farmers in Rwanda, wh nw have the chance t build better lives fr themselves and their families. The magic grass has becme a symbl f hpe fr the Rwandan farmers.
21.A. weakB. successfulC. engagedD. interested
22.A. dubleB. tripleC. simpleD. basic
23.A. virtuallyB. actuallyC. barelyD. nearly
24.A. failuresB. bstaclesC. benefitsD. blessings
25.A. lweringB. keepingC. expectingD. raising
26.A. ApparentlyB. FinallyC. FrtunatelyD. Gradually
27.A. shareB. askC. meetD. address
28.A. carried utB. carried nC. tk nD. tk ut
29.A. presentingB. preventingC. prtectingD. prducing
30.A. pushedB. pulledC. drivenD. lifted
31.A. technlgyB. lessnC. dreamD. team
32.A. transfrmedB. defeatedC. inspiredD. ruined
33.A. mvingB. cmmnC. trueD. unique
34.A. damageB. pvertyC. dangerD. debt
35.A. luxuryB. prmisingC. cludyD. uncertain
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nestled in the picturesque cunty f Dehua, which is lcated in the heart f Fujian Prvince, China, 36 (lie) a treasure trve f ceramic artistry — Dehua white prcelain. Renwned 37 (glbal) as “Blanc de Chine,” in France r “White frm China,” this exquisite prcelain (瓷器) has attracted art enthusiasts fr centuries.
Dehua’ s prcelain features a perfect whiteness, a result f the regin’s unique kalin, which cntains a minimal percentage f irn giving it 38 flawless, jade-like appearance. This 39 (pure) has earned nt the great title f “China’ s tp-grade prcelain.” The histry f Dehua prcelain spans centuries, with archaelgical evidence 40 (suggest) its rigin dating back t the Shang and Zhu perids. White prcelain 41 (prduce) in Dehua his freign markets as early as the Sng Dynasty and became ppular in Eurpe during the Ming Dynasty.
One f the mst remarkable aspects f Dehua prcelain is its “eggshell technique,” a skill 42 dates back t the Ming Dynasty. This cmplex prcess allws 43 (craftsman) t create prcelain as thin as paper, shwcasing their matchless skill and dedicatin.
In 2006, Dehua white prcelain was listed 44 a natinal intangible cultural heritage, acknwledging its significant cntributin t Chinese cultural heritage. Dehua white prcelain is a living prf t China’s rich cultural heritage 45 the enduring spirit f craftsmanship. Its whiteness, exquisiteness, and histrical significance make it a true treasure f Chinese artistry.
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五、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。
37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was seven, my sister Lucy, wh was fur, and I were eager t be independent and earn sme mney t shw ur parents that we were capable beynd ur years. The nly idea I culd cme up with was t ffer ur services as gardeners, ging dr t dr t prpse weeding neighbrs’ gardens fr 2 dllars each.
Our prpsal was fair, yet unexpectedly, nly Mrs. White, living three blcks frm ur huse, accepted the ffer. Maybe that was because n ne wuld take children’s wrds seriusly. We agreed n the weeding at 8:00 the next mrning. Having the first client, Lucy and I culdn’t cntain urselves and felt as if we had achieved a mnumental task, hearts swelling with pride. We were ging t be gardeners! But the excitement f the mment was fleeting, and the next day, the attractin f play and the frgetfulness f childhd vertk us. We frgt abut ur cmmitment.
Cncerned abut ur absence, Mrs. White cntacted ur mther. As we walked int the kitchen thrugh the back dr at 11:00 a. m. , Mm had just hung up the phne. She asked abut ur little gardening business. Surprisingly, she wasn’t angry, instead, she fund ur initiative amusing. She explained that Mrs. White had called her, expressing disappintment ver ur brken prmise. Faced with the mistake, we admitted ur versight and prmised t make a sincere aplgy smetime. Instead f criticizing us, Mm busied herself with lunch preparatins as if nthing had happened. We did feel a tuch f guilt, but it was quickly vershadwed by what Mm said next.
As we muthed n sandwiches, Mm casually asked, “Wuld yu was like t g t Disneyland this afternn?” We sprang int actin, bathing and dressing, which was like getting ready fr a birthday party. We rushed utside, nt wanting t miss the bus that wuld take us dwntwn. The sun was high in the sky as we std utside, ur bags packed and hearts full f anticipatin.
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the landing, Mm said, “Girls, we are nt ging t Disneyland tday.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We kncked gently n Mrs. Whiteˈs dr, heads dwn and hearts heavy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
38.假定你是李华，最近参加了一次虚拟合唱团（virtual chir）活动。你的英国好友Richard得知此事后很感兴趣，向你了解相关情况，请给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1. 活动介绍（时间、地点、内容和方式）；
2. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Richard,
I hpe this email finds yu well.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、C
【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四所世界著名大学的特色和要求，旨在为有志去国外学习深造的学生提供关于这些大学的详细信息，帮助他们做出选择，以便申请这些大学的课程。
1. 细节理解题。根据University f Sydney中的第一句话“As ne f the ldest universities in Australia, set up in 1850 and knwn fr its Health Science, the university advcates t challenge yurselves, respect thers and embrace diversity. (该校为澳大利亚最古老的大学之一，成立于1850年，以其健康科学闻名，倡导学生挑战自我、尊重他人并拥抱多元性。)”可知，该校在医学领域有较强的教育和研究背景。如果想成为一名医生，应考虑该校。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。根据Califrnia Institute f Technlgy中“Requirements: IELTS nt accepted, TOEFL 100⁺ (要求：不接授雅思，托福100分及以上)”，University f Sydney中的“Requirements: IELTS 6.5⁺r TOEFL 100⁺ and NEMT scres abve 70% (要求：雅思6.5分及以上或托福100分及以上，且全国英语考试（NEMT）成绩达到70%以上。)”，University f Trnt中的“Requirements: IELTS 6.5⁺ r TOEFL 100⁺, High Schl GPA 80⁺ (要求：雅思6.5分及以上，或托福100分及以上；高中平均成绩（GPA）80分及以上。)”，Natinal University f Singapre中的“Requirements: IELTS 6.5⁺ and NEMT scres 650⁺, A in all subjects (要求：雅思6.5分及以上，全国英语考试（NEMT）成绩650分及以上，所有科目成绩为A。)”可知，四所学校中，加利福尼亚理工学院只接受托福成绩。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Fr mre infrmatin, please click , where prfessinals will be available. (欲了解更多信息，请点击, 有专业人士为您服务。)”可知，点击网址即可了解更多信息并得到专业服务，表明信息来源是一个平台或网站。故选C项。
4~7.【答案】C、B、C、C
【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。它通过对Claude Mnet的《日出·印象》这幅画的详细描述和深入分析，探讨了画作的艺术特点、历史背景、象征意义以及在艺术史上的地位。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“In the prt f Le Havre, the dawn light embraces the water; small bats mve thrugh the mist; tall factry chimneys (烟囱) mix their smke with the fg — an image f beauty and harmny painted by Claude Mnet in Impressin, Sunrise, inviting yu t step int the wrld f Impressinism.(在勒阿弗尔港，晨光拥抱着水面；小船在雾中穿行；高大的工厂烟囱将烟与雾混合在一起——克劳德·莫奈在《日出·印象》中描绘的美丽和谐的画面，邀请你走进印象派的世界)”可知，文章开头通过详细描述勒阿弗尔港的黎明景色，使用了生动的视觉语言来吸引读者。这种描述手法的目的是抓住读者的注意力，使他们对文章的主题产生兴趣，并激发其继续阅读下去的欲望，故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“In this painting, Mnet abandned the mainstream academic art style f his time — distinct bundaries and clrs. Instead, he fcused n clr relatinships and the effects f utdr light, capturing the delicate changes f clrs thrugh reflectins n the water surface, breakıng thrugh the limits f the art wrld at the time.(在这幅画中，莫奈抛弃了当时主流的学院派艺术风格——鲜明的边界和色彩。相反，他专注于色彩关系和室外光线的效果，通过水面的反射捕捉色彩的微妙变化，突破了当时艺术界的限制)”和第三段“This artistic treasure nt nly shwcases Mnet’s unique insight int the interplay f light and clr in nature but als mirrrs his pineering apprach t artistic creatin. (这幅艺术珍品不仅展示了莫奈对自然中光与色相互作用的独特见解，也反映了他开创性的艺术创作方法)”可知，莫奈放弃了当时主流的学术艺术风格——明显的边界和颜色，而专注于色彩之间的关系和户外光线的效果，捕捉水面反射色彩的微妙变化，突破了当时艺术界的限制。这表明莫奈是一个创新的艺术家，故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“This artistic treasure nt nly shwcases Mnet’s unique insight int the interplay f light and clr in nature but als mirrrs his pineering apprach t artistic creatin. Meanwhile, it describes a warm and peaceful life, representing peple’s expectatins fr ecnmic recvery and scial stability. The industrial elements in the painting, such as the smking chimneys, imply the develpment f sciety and ecnmic bm at the time, suggesting the scial changes and the mentality f peple in late 19th century Eurpe.(这幅艺术珍品不仅展示了莫奈对自然中光与色相互作用的独特见解，也反映了他开创性的艺术创作方法。同时，它描绘了一个温暖和平的生活，代表了人们对经济复苏和社会稳定的期望。画中的工业元素，如冒烟的烟囱，暗示了当时社会的发展和经济的繁荣，暗示了19世纪后期欧洲的社会变化和人们的心态)”可知，分析了莫奈的画作展示了他对光与色彩相互作用的独特见解，以及他对艺术创作的开创性方法。同时，提到了画作如何反映了当时社会的经济发展和人们对经济复苏与社会稳定的期望。但是，文中并没有提到莫奈的画作对未来几代人的影响，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the prt f Le Havre, the dawn light embraces the water; small bats mve thrugh the mist; tall factry chimneys (烟囱) mix their smke with the fg — an image f beauty and harmny painted by Claude Mnet in Impressin, Sunrise, inviting yu t step int the wrld f Impressinism.(在勒阿弗尔港，晨光拥抱着水面；小船在雾中穿行；高大的工厂烟囱将烟与雾混合在一起——克劳德·莫奈在《日出·印象》中描绘的美丽和谐的画面，邀请你走进印象派的世界)”以及纵观全文可知，这篇文章主要对莫奈的画作《日出·印象》作了详细的描述和深入分析，重点是这幅画作而非画家莫奈。文章介绍了画作内容、创作背景和手法、社会象征意义和欣赏方式等。就文章来说，它从画作创作没有采用当时的艺术主流方式体现了它的创新；就现实来说，这幅画作是印象派的开山之作，C项“《日出·印象》是一场艺术革命”符合。故选C。
8~11.【答案】A、D、B、D
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了德国马克斯普朗克研究所(Max Planck Institute in Germany)开发的四足机器人Mrti能够自主学习行走而不跌倒的能力，以及这一成就在机器人领域的重要性。文章还讨论了Mrti在适应环境变化方面的潜力，以及这一技术对未来人工智能和机器人发展的启示。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Standing at half a meter tall, Mrti can learn t walk within ne hur, in rughly the same amunt f time as a newbrn hrse, which is a remarkable achievement in the field f rbtics.(站起来半米高的Mrti可以在一个小时内学会走路，这与一匹新生马的时间大致相同，这是机器人领域的一项了不起的成就)”可知，作者在第一段提到“一匹新生的马”是为了展示Mrti学走路的速度。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Designed by Felix Ruppert, Mrti perates n an AI algrithm (算法) that cpies the neural (神经系统的) netwrks fund in the spinal crds (脊髓) f animals, which are respnsible fr cntrlling the rhythmic cnductin f muscles during walking.(由菲利克斯·鲁珀特设计的Mrti，采用了一种人工智能算法，该算法复制了动物脊髓中的神经网络，这些神经网络负责控制行走时肌肉的节律传导)”可知，Mrti的AI算法克隆动物脊髓中的神经网络。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“A cmmn challenge fr AI systems is their ability t adapt when the envirnment changes. Mrti’s design, which relies n the cntinuus adjustment f its mvements, culd ffer a slutin t this challenge, ptentially making it perfrm better in dynamic and changing envirnments.(人工智能系统面临的一个共同挑战是它们适应环境变化的能力。Mrti的设计依赖于其运动的持续调整，可以为这一挑战提供解决方案，有可能使其在动态和变化的环境中表现更好)”可知，Mrti依赖于其动作的连续调整来应对环境变化。故选 B。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists at the Max Planck Institute in Germany have develped a fur-legged rbt named Mrti that can autnmusly learn t walk withut struggling. Standing at half a meter tall, Mrti can learn t walk within ne hur, in rughly the same amunt f time as a newbrn hrse, which is a remarkable achievement in the field f rbtics.(德国马克斯普朗克研究所的科学家们开发了一种名为Mrti的四足机器人，它可以自主学习走路而不需要挣扎。站起来半米高的Mrti可以在一个小时内学会走路，这与一匹新生马的时间大致相同，这是机器人领域的一项了不起的成就)”结合文章主要介绍了机器人Mrti，包括其设计、AI算法、学习行走的能力以及其对机器人技术未来的意义可知，这篇文章的主要内容是机器人Mrti的创造和学习过程。故选D。
12~15.【答案】B、A、B、C
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了种子传播在维持生态系统健康中的关键作用，以及人类狩猎行为对种子传播者的影响。全文通过具体案例和科学研究，强调了种子传播者对植物多样性和生态系统稳定性的重要性，并指出种子传播者和植物之间相互依赖的关系，旨在唤起人们对种子传播者减少及其对生态系统影响的关注，并强调保护这些关键物种的紧迫性。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Withut birds t spread their seeds, the diversity f fruit-prducing plants declined, highlighting the critical imprtance f seed dispersal fr ecsystem health. (没有鸟类传播种子，果树的多样性就会下降，这凸显了种子传播对生态系统健康的重要性)”可知，兰比尔山国家公园水果生产植物多样性下降的主要原因是没有鸟类传播植物种子。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Pedr Jrdan, anther eclgist, illustrated the study “brilliant and captivating” but als “alarming”, warning that the lss f seed dispersers culd prevent plants expanding their ranges t adapt t climate change r recver frm wildfires, especially in Eurpe’s highly disjinted landscape. Ruben Helen, a cmmunity eclgist, said, “We shuld nt be afraid f using the wrd crisis,” given the situatin that plant species are facing.(另一位生态学家Pedr Jrdan表示，这项研究“精彩而迷人”，但也“令人担忧”，他警告说，种子传播者的消失可能会阻止植物扩大范围以适应气候变化或从野火中恢复过来，尤其是在欧洲高度脱节的景观中。社区生态学家鲁本·赫里诺说，考虑到植物物种所面临的情况，“我们不应该害怕使用危机这个词”)”可知，他对种子传播者减少及其对植物适应气候变化和从野火中恢复过来的能力的影响，他认为要使用“危机”一词，Ruben Helen对目前的植物状况感到担忧和关切。。故选A。
3. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“ver 60% f plants have five r fewer seed dispersers(超过60%的植物只有5个或更少的种子传播者)”以及后文“the decline r disappearance f any f these critical species(这些关键物种的衰退或消失)”可知，超过60%的植物只有5个或更少的种子传播者，所以这些植物对这些关键物种的减少或消失十分敏感。故划线词意思是“敏感”。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。文章从描述猎人消除种子传播者——鸟类开始，然后详细说明了这种消除对森林生物多样性的影响，到进一步讨论了种子传播减少的后果，包括对植物物种适应气候变化和野火能力的影响。因此，信息的组织方式是展示一系列因果关系，符合因果结构。故选C。
16~20.【答案】D、B、F、E、G
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预订团体游时需要考虑的一些建议。
1. 上文“Hwever, there are always a few details t deal with befre yu bk yur trip.(然而，在你预订旅行之前，总有一些细节需要处理。)”提到在预订团体游之前有一些需要注意的事项，下文“Thankfully, travel expert Dilvin Yasa has shared her tips fr bking a grup tur.(值得庆幸的是，旅游专家Dilvin Yasa分享了她预订团体游的建议。)”说明下文要介绍一些预订团体游的建议。由此可知，空白处起承上启下的作用，需要说明预订团体游时如果不注意一些事项可能会遇到的问题。选项D“旅行中遇到问题可能会破坏你的假期”符合语境。故选D。
2. 下文“When planning a grup tur, yu need t put expense first.(在计划团体游时，你需要把费用放在第一位。)”中的expense是关键词，说明本段主要讲的是费用问题。选项B“相应地做预算”能够概括本段内容，其中Budget与下文的expense相呼应。故选B。
3. 上文“Selecting the right time f year fr yur grup tur can make a big difference. Cnsider the weather cnditins, peak travel seasns, and any public hlidays r events that might affect yur itinerary.(为你的团体游选择一年中的合适时间会有很大的不同。考虑天气状况、旅游旺季以及任何可能影响你行程的公共假期或活动。)”说明选择团体游的时间很重要，需要考虑多种因素。选项F“避开高峰期往往可以降低成本，减少人群”与上文内容相呼应，进一步说明了选择非高峰期的好处。故选F。
4. 下文“Hwever, yu shuld always be prepared fr extra cash. Especially when travelling t mre remte lcatins, r if yu’re visiting smaller fd stands r markets, yu shuldn’t assume everywhere will take card payments.(然而，你应该随时准备额外的现金。特别是当你去更偏远的地方旅行，或者如果你去的是较小的食品摊或市场，你不应该认为每个地方都接受刷卡支付。)”中的Hwever表示转折，说明空白处与下文内容相反，且下文提到了准备额外的现金，由此可推测空白处讲的是大部分费用已经支付了。选项E“在你出发之前，大部分的旅行费用已经支付了”符合语境。故选E。
5. 下文“With these tips in mind, yu can ensure a memrable and enjyable experience fr everyne invlved.(记住这些建议，你可以确保为所有参与者带来难忘且愉快的体验。)”中的these tips指的是空处提到的预订团体游的建议，由此可知，空白处应该总结计划团体游需要考虑很多方面。选项G“计划团体游需要仔细考虑和组织”符合语境。故选G。
21~35.【答案】C、A、C、B、D、C、D、A、B、D、A、A、D、B、B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rwandan青年Lenidas通过种植蘑菇改善生活的故事。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲从事农业，努力养家糊口，给Lenidas留下了双重任务，既要支付他的大学学费，又要抚养他的妹妹。A. weak虚弱的；B. successful成功的；C. engaged从事的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据后文“in agriculture, struggled t prvide fr the family”可知，Lenidas的母亲从事农业，很难养家糊口。be engaged in从事。故选C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲从事农业，努力养家糊口，给列奥尼达斯留下了双重任务，既要支付他的大学学费，又要抚养他的姐妹。A. duble双重的；B. triple三重的；C. simple简单的；D. basic基本的。根据后文“tasks f paying fr his university educatin while als supprting his sisters”可知，Lenidas不仅要支付自己的大学学费，还要供养他的妹妹们，这是双重的责任。故选A。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于当地农业发展有限，农业收入仅仅满足家庭的基本需求。A. virtually几乎，事实上；B. actually实际上；C. barely勉强，仅仅；D. nearly几乎。根据后文“met the family’s basic needs”及前文“Agricultural develpment in the area was limited”可知，由于当地农业发展有限，农业收入仅仅满足家庭的基本需求。故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这些障碍，Lenidas从未放弃，完成了他的大学学业。A. failures失败；B. bstacles障碍；C. benefits利益；D. blessings祝福。根据上文“Agricultural develpment in the area was limited, s farming 3 met the family’s basic needs”可知，Lenidas的家庭经济困难，这些是Lenidas面临的障碍。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，缺乏合适的就业机会，使他提高家庭生活水平的梦想似乎越来越遥不可及。A. lwering降低；B. keeping保持；C. expecting期待；D. raising提高。根据后文“his family’s living standards”可知，Lenidas想要提高家庭生活水平。故选D。
6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一种由中国农业专家林占熺教授开发的杂交草——菌草，给Lenidas带来了一线希望。A. Apparently显然地；B. Finally最后；C. Frtunately幸运地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据后文“a ray f hpe emerged”可知，Lenidas是幸运的，他遇到了菌草。故选C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2011年，林教授带领一个团队来到卢旺达，解决当地农民面临的紧迫问题。A. share分享；B. ask询问；C. meet遇见；D. address解决。根据后文“the urgent prblems that the lcal farmers had faced with”可知，林教授带领的团队是为了解决当地农民面临的紧迫问题。故选D。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们实施了一些项目，旨在阻止水土流失，保护农田。A. carried ut实施；B. carried n继续；C. tk n承担；D. tk ut取出。根据后文“sme prjects”可知，此处指实施了一些项目。故选A。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们实施了一些项目，旨在阻止水土流失，保护农田。A. presenting呈现；B. preventing阻止；C. prtecting保护；D. prducing生产。根据后文“water and sil tss t preserve farmland”可知，这些项目旨在阻止水土流失。故选B。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还引进了用菌草种植蘑菇的技术，这种方法曾使许多中国农民摆脱了贫困。A. pushed推；B. pulled拉；C. driven驾驶；D. lifted解除。根据后文“many Chinese farmers ut f pverty”可知，菌草种植蘑菇的技术帮助许多中国农民摆脱了贫困，lift ... ut f pverty意为“使某人摆脱贫困”，故选D。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定更多地了解这项技术，并很快就开始了一项生产蘑菇的业务。A. technlgy技术；B. lessn课程；C. dream梦想；D. team团队。根据上文“They als intrduced the technique f cultivating mushrms using Junca”可知，Lenidas想要了解这种技术。故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过十年的不懈努力，这彻底改变了Lenidas的生活。A. transfrmed改变；B. defeated打败；C. inspired鼓舞；D. ruined毁灭。根据后文“He was nw nt nly able t fully supprt his family but als extend a helping hand t thers.”可知，Lenidas的生活发生了彻底的变化。故选A。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lenidas的故事并非独一无二。A. mving动人的；B. cmmn普通的；C. true真实的；D. unique独一无二的。根据后文“Many farmers in Rwanda, like him, have als benefited frm the grass and started new, fulfilling lives”可知，Lenidas的故事并非独一无二，许多卢旺达农民也从中受益。故选D。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种杂交草对他们的生活产生了重大影响，使他们摆脱了贫困，并为他们提供了成长和致富的新机会。A. damage损害；B. pverty贫困；C. danger危险；D. debt债务。根据前文“He was nw nt nly able t fully supprt his family but als extend a helping hand t thers.”和后文“Many farmers in Rwanda, like him, have als benefited frm the grass”可知，菌草帮助他们摆脱了贫困。故选B。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卢旺达许多农民的未来看起来很有希望，他们现在有机会为自己和家人创造更好的生活。A. luxury奢侈的；B. prmising有希望的；C. cludy多云的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据后文“wh nw have the chance t build better lives fr themselves and their families”可知，菌草给卢旺达许多农民带来了希望。故选B。
36.【答案】【小题1】
lies
【小题2】
glbally
【小题3】
a
【小题4】
purity
【小题5】
suggesting
【小题6】
prduced
【小题7】
that/which
【小题8】
craftsmen
【小题9】
as
【小题10】
and
【解析】1. 考查动词时态。句意：坐落于中国福建省中心的风景如画的德化县，蕴藏着陶瓷艺术的瑰宝——德化白瓷。本句是一个倒装句，主语是“a treasure trve f ceramic artistry”，是单数形式，且描述的是一个客观事实，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式lies。故填lies。
2. 考查副词。句意：这种精美的瓷器在法国被誉为“Blanc de Chine”，即“中国白”，数百年来一直吸引着艺术爱好者。修饰动词renwned，需用副词glbally，作状语。故填glbally。
3. 考查冠词。句意：德化瓷器以其完美的洁白度著称，这得益于该地区独特的高岭土，其中铁含量极低，使其呈现出无瑕的玉质外观。此处表示“一种无瑕的、玉质般的外观”，为泛指，flawless发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
4. 考查名词。句意：这种纯净度让德化瓷器赢得了“中国顶级瓷器”的美誉。空处需填名词purity作主语，且为不可数名词。故填purity。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：德化瓷器的历史跨越数个世纪，考古证据表明其起源可追溯至商周时期。此处为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，“archaelgical evidence”与“suggest”之间为主动关系，故用现在分词“suggesting”作宾语补足语。故填suggesting。
6. 考查动词时态。句意：德化生产的白瓷早在宋朝时期就已出口海外市场，并在明朝时期在欧洲广受欢迎。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，White prcelain和prduce为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填prduced。
7. 考查定语从句。句意：德化瓷器最引人注目的特点之一是其“蛋壳技艺”，这一技艺可追溯至明朝。空处引导定语从句，先行词a skill，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
8. 考查名词。句意：这一复杂工艺使工匠能够制作出像纸一样薄的瓷器，展现了他们无与伦比的技艺和匠心独运。空处需填名词作宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式craftsmen。故填craftsmen。
9. 考查介词。句意：2006年，德化白瓷被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，这是对其在中国文化遗产中所做重要贡献的认可。固定搭配“be listed as”意为“被列为”。故填as。
10. 考查连词。句意：德化白瓷是中国丰富文化遗产和经久不衰的工匠精神的有力见证。此处连接两个并列的名词短语“China’s rich cultural heritage”和“the enduring spirit f craftsmanship”，表示“和”，故用连词and。故填and。
37.【答案】On the landing, Mm said, “Girls, we are nt ging t Disneyland tday.”Lucy’s eyes widened in disbelief. Our excitement gave way t disappintment. “But Mm, yu just prmised!” I exclaimed, cnfusin cluding my thughts. She lked at us seriusly and explained, “I didn’t keep my prmise either, and nw yu knw hw it hurts. Yu need t learn that actins have cnsequences. Disneyland can await, but learning t be respnsible and trustwrthy can’t.” Mm’s wrds hit us hard, the white lie making us realize the gravity f ur mistake. Instead f mving t Disneyland, we had t g back t cnfrnt ur respnsibilities and make things right．
We kncked gently n Mrs. Whiteˈs dr, heads dwn and hearts heavy. When she pened it, we saw a hint f surprise in her eyes. We quickly aplgized fr nt keeping ur prmise and fr letting her dwn. Mrs. White smiled warmly and frgave us, saying that she understd hw easily children culd frget. Tgether, we wrked hard t remve the weeds. Mm taught us a true lessn which wuld stay with us frever. It was a lessn abut the imprtance f keeping ur wrd and the impact ur actin culd have n thers. That day, we nt nly weeded Mrs. White’s garden but als planted the seeds f respnsibility and integrity within urselves．
【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者七岁那年，和妹妹迫切地想要独立，于是开始了一项园艺生意，为邻居们除草来赚取费用。令她们惊讶的是，只有怀特夫人接受了她们的提议。然而，第二天她们却忘记了她们的约定，导致怀特夫人联系上了她们的母亲。面对她们的错误，她们感到内疚，但很快就被母亲提出的惊喜提议所分散了注意力——她打算那天下午带她们去迪士尼乐园。但是临出门时母亲又说不去了，母亲用不去迪士尼乐园的策略让孩子们意识到他们的错误。接下来，通过道歉和实际行动，孩子们挽回了失信的过失，学会了履行承诺的价值。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“在楼梯平台上，妈妈说：“孩子们，我们今天不去迪斯尼乐园了。””可知，第一段描述母亲通过实际行为告诉作者和妹妹被食言的感受。
②由第二段句首内容“我们轻轻地敲了敲怀特太太的门，低着头，心情沉重。”可知，第二段可描写作者和妹妹去帮助怀特太太的花园除草，履行自己的承诺。
2. 续写线索：妈妈食言——伤心——教导——明白自己的错误——道歉——完成承诺——感悟。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①大喊：exclaim/shut ut
②意识到：realize/aware f
③信守诺言：keep ne’s wrd/keep ne’s prmise
情绪类
①兴奋：excitement/enthusiasm
②惊讶：surprise/amazement
【点睛】【高分句型1】Yu need t learn that actins have cnsequences. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Mm taught us a true lessn which wuld stay with us frever. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
38.【答案】Dear Richard,
I hpe this email finds yu well. Knwing that yu are interested in the virtual chir event I participated in, I’d like t share sme details with yu.
Organized by a lcal chir assciatin, the event tk place at 7 p.m. last Saturday nline and mre than 50 peple attended it. During ne and a half hurs, fllwing the cnductr’s cues n screen, we sang tw classic sngs and ne riginal piece cmpsed by ne member.
I had a wnderful time. Althugh we were nt physically tgether, it’s amazing t hear hw ur vices blended tgether. This event brught me jy and helped me frget abut the stress f daily life.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Richard回一封邮件，向他介绍自己所参加的虚拟合唱团活动的相关情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参加：participate in → jin in
快乐；高兴：jy → happiness
举行：take place → be held
令人惊讶的：amazing → astnishing
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Organized by a lcal chir assciatin, the event tk place at 7 p.m. last Saturday nline and mre than 50 peple attended it
拓展句：The event, which was rganized by a lcal chir assciatin, was held at 7 p.m. last Saturday nline and mre than 50 peple attended it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knwing that yu are interested in the virtual chir event I participated in, I’d like t share sme details with yu. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Althugh we were nt physically tgether, it’s amazing t hear hw ur vices blended tgether. (运用了althugh引导的让步状语从句)
【亮点词汇】
略
【高分句型】
略
【结构布局】
略
【拓展词汇】
略
【拓展句型】
略