四川省绵阳市2025_2026学年高二英语上学期开学分班检测试卷含解析

这是一份四川省绵阳市2025_2026学年高二英语上学期开学分班检测试卷含解析，共40页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，翻译等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
Fundraising Supprt Vlunteers
Abut this pprtunity
If yu are lking fr a vlunteer psitin at this time and are lcated in Queensland, this rle culd be perfect
fr yu!
Arthritis Queensland is lking fr sme warm and engaging Fundraising Supprt Vlunteers. These
vlunteers will call ur dnrs and supprters t let them knw hw much we appreciate their help! There is n
asking fr dnatins in this rle.
This is an nline rle and will be dne frm yur wn hme. The shifts are flexible and will be n an agreed
schedule. Full training will be prvided befre yu begin. All that yu will need fr this rle is a reliable telephne
and a cmputer with a reliable Internet cnnectin.
Please read the Arthritis Queensland psitin descriptin and fill in ur applicatin frm (the link will be sent
t yu after yu express yur interest). Frm there we’ll review yur applicatin and yu may be invited fr a
phne interview t discuss the rle. We lk frward t hearing frm yu!
Additinal requirements
●Excellent cmmunicatin skills
●Cmfrtable with using Micrsft IT packages
●Willing t btain a Plice Check (rganised thrugh Arthritis Queensland)
●Strng custmer service skills and a friendly phne manner
Time Required
●Up t 15 hurs ver tw days per week
Suitable fr
●Online & Remte Vlunteers
●Peple with disability
1. What des Arthritis Queensland ask the vlunteers t d?
A. Prvide financial supprt. B. Make thank-yu calls.
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C. Organize fundraising events. D. Ask fr dnatins nline.
2. What is required f applicants?
A. Being skilled at using Micrsft IT packages. B. Attending a face-t-face interview.
C. Having a large custmer base. D. Being available n weekends.
3. Wh are mst likely t apply?
A. Thse wh can’t affrd a cmputer. B. Thse wh live utside Queensland.
C. Thse wh prefer t wrk frm hme. D. Thse wh dn’t like engaging with peple.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 Arthritis Queensland 的志愿者招募信息。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Abut this pprtunity 部分的第二段中“These vlunteers will call ur dnrs and supprters
t let them knw hw much we appreciate their help! There is n asking fr dnatins in this rle. (这些志愿者将
会打电话给我们的捐助者和支持者，告诉他们我们多么感谢他们的帮助！这个角色不需要请求捐款)”可知，
Arthritis Queensland 让志愿者给捐赠者和支持者打电话表达感谢。故选 B。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Additinal requirements 部分中的“Cmfrtable with using Micrsft IT packages (熟练使用
微软办公软件包)”可知，申请者需要熟练使用微软的 IT 软件包。故选 A。
【3 题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Abut this pprtunity 部分的第三段中“This is an nline rle and will be dne frm yur
wn hme. (这是一项在线工作，可以在家中完成)”可知，这个志愿者工作是在家完成，所以那些更喜欢在
家工作的人最有可能申请。故选 C。
B
My affair with sugar began inncently enugh in my childhd, when I indulged (沉迷) in sweet treats as
rewards fr gd behavir by verwrked but lving parents, r as a means t celebrate special ccasins. As I
grew lder, my craving (渴望) intensified, leading me t seek the sweet cmfrt f chclate, Cke, and Cheese
Cheets. These sugary delights became my escape frm the stress and wrries in my life.
It wasn’t until my reflectin in the mirrr n lnger matched the lively, intelligent persn I felt inside that I
realized the severity f my situatin. Clthes that nce fit me perfectly are nw uncmfrtably tight, and climbing a
flght f stairs leaves me breathless. Nt t mentin that, in the past tw t three years, my weight gain has
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influenced my self-esteem, cnfidence, and verall well-being.
In my search fr a healthier lifestyle, I decided t turn t zer-calrie drinks, believing they wuld be a
healthier alternative t my belved sugary drinks. Hwever, my research led me t an alarming discvery f the
dangers f aspartame, a cmmnly used artificial sweetener fund in many zer-calrie drinks. Despite its lack f
calries, aspartame has been linked t many health cncerns including headaches, dizziness, and even mre severe
cnditins. Mre studies are needed t learn abut artificial sweeteners’ lng-term effects n ur health. Still,
knwing this put me ff zer-calrie drinks fr a while!
With newfund knwledge and determinatin, I began my jurney, t break free frm sugar addictin. The
jurney was challenging, with persistent cravings and cnstant temptatins (诱惑). Hwever, armed with healthier
snack alternatives, such as fruit and nuts, and the supprt f lved nes, I gradually weaned myself ff the sugar
rller caster. I am rediscvering sme f the jys f a mre balanced lifestyle. Regular exercise became my
cmpanin, bsting my energy levels and reducing stress.
4. What initially attracted the authr t sugar?
A. Sugary delights. B. Childhd rewards.
C. Stressful situatins. D. Persnal achievements.
5. What can be learned abut zer-calrie drinks?
A. They are free f artificial sweeteners.
B. They can cntribute t weight lss.
C. They are highly favred by the market.
D. They pse a ptential threat t health.
6. What des the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?
A. Stpped cnsuming sugar. B. Switched t sugar replacements.
C. Mnitred my sugar levels. D. Learned the tricks f sugar cntrl.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr?
A. Self-aware and reflective. B. Inquiring but careless.
C. Determined but impatient. D. Self-disciplined and ambitius.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从童年时期开始与糖结缘，随着成长逐渐沉迷糖分并因此引
发健康和心理问题，之后通过研究发现零卡路里饮料的潜在危害，最终下定决心摆脱糖瘾、追寻更健康生
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活方式的经历。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“My affair with sugar began inncently enugh in my childhd, when I indulged (沉
迷) in sweet treats as rewards fr gd behavir by verwrked but lving parents, r as a means t celebrate
special ccasins. (我与糖的纠葛始于童年时期，那时，辛勤却充满爱意的父母会将甜食作为我表现良好的奖
励，或者将其作为庆祝特殊场合的方式，我就这样沉迷于甜食之中)”可知，作者最初被糖吸引是因为童年
时期，甜食是父母给予的良好表现奖励。故选 B 项。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Hwever, my research led me t an alarming discvery f the dangers f aspartame, a
cmmnly used artificial sweetener fund in many zer-calrie drinks. Despite its lack f calries, aspartame has
been linked t many health cncerns including headaches, dizziness, and even mre severe cnditins. (然而，我的
研究让我有了一个令人担忧的发现：阿斯巴甜存在危害，它是一种常用的人工甜味剂，多见于许多零卡路
里饮料中。尽管不含卡路里，但阿斯巴甜却与多种健康问题相关，包括头痛、头晕，甚至更严重的疾病)”
可知，零卡路里饮料中含有的人工甜味剂可能带来健康风险，即它对健康构成潜在威胁。故选 D 项。
【6 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“With newfund knwledge and determinatin, I began my jurney, t break free
frm sugar addictin. The jurney was challenging, with persistent cravings and cnstant temptatins (诱惑).
Hwever, armed with healthier snack alternatives, such as fruit and nuts, and the supprt f lved nes, I gradually
weaned myself ff the sugar rller caster. (凭借新获得的知识和决心，我开启了摆脱糖瘾的旅程。这段旅程
充满挑战，糖瘾带来的渴望挥之不去，诱惑也无处不在。然而，有了水果、坚果等更健康的零食替代品，
再加上亲人的支持，我逐渐 weaned myself ff the sugar rller caster)”可知，作者的目标是“break free frm
sugar addictin (摆脱糖瘾)”，结合“healthier snack alternatives (更健康的零食替代品)”可推测，“weaned
myself ff the sugar rller caster”指的是作者逐渐停止摄入糖分。故选 A 项。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It wasn’t until my reflectin in the mirrr n lnger matched the lively, intelligent
persn I felt inside that I realized the severity f my situatin. (直到镜子里的自己与我内心感受到的那个活泼、
聪慧的形象不再相符，我才意识到问题的严重性)”可知，作者能通过自我观察发现自身问题，体现其“有
自我认知的”；再根据第三段“In my search fr a healthier lifestyle, I decided t turn t zer-calrie drinks,
believing they wuld be a healthier alternative t my belved sugary drinks. Hwever, my research led me t an
alarming discvery f the dangers f aspartame, a cmmnly used artificial sweetener fund in many zer-calrie
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drinks. (在我追寻更健康的生活方式时，我决定转而选择零卡路里饮料，认为它们会是我钟爱的含糖饮料的
更健康替代品。然而，我的研究却让我有了一个令人担忧的发现——阿斯巴甜存在危害。阿斯巴甜是一种
常用的人工甜味剂，多见于许多零卡路里饮料中)”以及最后一段开启戒糖之旅可知，作者会主动反思并调
整生活方式，体现其“reflective（善于反思的）”，综上，作者是有自我认知且善于反思的人。故选 A 项。
C
We’ve all had the experience. We’re reading alng and suddenly realize that althugh ur eyes are scanning
the wrds n the page, nthing is actually registering. Minutes pass befre we realize that we’ve lst the plt
entirely.
In classrms, students tend t experience this drift (偏移) in attentin while reading texts that are challenging
r highly technical — the srts f passages middle schlers and high schlers might encunter in science, math,
r histry.
In a 2024 study f “mindless reading,” researchers frm the University f Wü rzburg tracked the reading
speed and attentin f undergraduates studying a cmplex science text. At multiple pints during the exercise,
prmpts (提示) appeared asking students “Was yur mind wandering when yu read the last sentence?” Students
cnfirmed multiple instances f lss f attentin.
Researchers fund that variatins in reading speed, lingering (逗留) n the same passage fr lng perids, and
skipping wrds were signals that students were struggling t remain fcused r t understand the material, and als
predicted prer perfrmance n later tests.
But these prblems are nt inslvable. The University f Wü rzburg researchers als cncluded that when
students were trained t recgnize when they lst track f sentence-level infrmatin r gt stuck n passages —
and were taught strategies t “plan, mnitr, and regulate their reading” — they were able t successfully re-rute
their attentin.
T cnvince students f the imprtance f effective reading strategies, it’s imprtant t explain the lng-term
benefits f sticking thrugh cmplex texts. Fr example, learning hw t make sense f a technical science text
may help if students decide t wrk in engineering. The skills they use t make sense f a histry text may help in
future legal careers. Try t make it clear, literacy expert Timthy Shanahan says, that when we teach students hw
t push thrugh difficult texts, “what we’re really ding is shwing them hw t gain access t all f these different
fields in ur sciety.”
8. Students tend t lse their fcus while reading if ________.
A. the reading text is lng B. they are in a classrm
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C. the reading material is cmplex D. they are middle r high schlers
9. Which f the fllwing is a signal f “mindless reading”?
A. Reading t quickly. B. Pr perfrmance n tests.
C. Changes in reading speed. D. Spending much time reading.
10. What shuld students d if they experience “mindless reading”?
A. Change the reading materials.
B. Get t knw why they get stuck n passages.
C. Learn t ntice when their attentin wanders.
D. Pay mre attentin t sentence-level infrmatin.
11. What is Shanahan’s attitude t helping students push thrugh difficult texts?
A. Favrable. B. Cautius. C. Dubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学生在阅读复杂或具有技术性的文本时容易分心，并且对其后果
进行了分析，提出了解决的方法，并强调培养有效阅读策略的重要性。
【8 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In classrms, students tend t experience this drift (偏移) in attentin while
reading texts that are challenging r highly technical—the srts f passages middle schlers and high schlers
might encunter in science, math, r histry.”(在课堂上，学生在阅读具有挑战性或高度技术性的文本时往往
会注意力涣散——这类文本可能出现在中学生或高中生的科学、数学或历史内容中)”可知，学生在阅读复
杂材料时容易失去注意力。故选 C。
【9 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers fund that variatins in reading speed, lingering (逗留) n the same
passage fr lng perids, and skipping wrds were signals that students were struggling t remain fcused r t
understand the material.(研究人员发现，阅读速度的变化、长时间停留在同一段落，以及跳过单词是学生难
以集中注意力或理解材料的信号)”可知，“心不在焉的阅读”的信号是阅读速度发生变化。故选 C。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“when students were trained t recgnize when they lst track f sentence-level
infrmatin r gt stuck n passages—and were taught strategies t “plan, mnitr, and regulate their reading”—
they were able t successfully re-rute their attentin.(当学生被训练识别出他们在句子层面上失去信息或在段
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落中卡住时——并被教授“计划、监控和调节阅读”的策略——他们能够成功地重新集中注意力)”可知，
学生应学会识别什么时候注意力涣散了。故选 C。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Try t make it clear, literacy expert Timthy Shanahan says, that when we
teach students hw t push thrugh difficult texts, “what we’re really ding is shwing them hw t gain access t
all f these different fields in ur sciety.(试着讲清楚，阅读专家蒂莫西·沙纳汉说，当我们教学生如何克服难
懂的文本时，“我们实际上是在向他们展示如何进入我们社会的所有这些不同领域。”)”可知，Shanahan 对
帮助学生克服困难文本持支持态度。故选 A。
D
A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling
them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a
prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels
but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy
prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.
In the study, the pigens were presented with varius visual images, including lines f different widths and
angles, and different types f rings. The pigens had t peck (啄) a buttn n the right r left t indicate the
categry t which the image belnged. If they gt it crrect, they received fd; if they were wrng, they received
nthing. Results shwed that, thrugh trial and errr, the pigens imprved their accuracy in categrizatin tasks,
increasing their crrect chices frm abut 55% t 95%.
Researchers believed pigens used assciative learning, which is linking tw phenmena with each ther. Fr
example, it is easy t understand the link. between “water” and “wet”. “Assciative learning is frequently assumed
t be far t primitive t. explain cmplex visual categrizatin like what we saw the pigens d,” Turner said. But
that’s exactly what the researchers fund.
The researchers’ AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple mechanisms that pigens were
assumed t use: assciative learning and errr crrectin. And, like the pigens, the AI mdel learned t make the
right predictins t significantly increase the number f crrect answers. Fr humans, the challenge when given
tasks like thse given t pigens is that they wuld try t cme up with rules that culd make the task easier. But in
this case, there were n rules, which upsets humans.
What’s interesting, thugh, is that pigens use this methd f learning that is very similar t AI designed by
humans, Turner said. “We celebrate hw smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we
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regard pigens as nt clever animals,” he said.
12. What is the purpse f the new study?
A. T test a thery. B. T evaluate a mdel.
C. T emply a strategy. D. T invlve an apprach.
13. What were the pigens expected t d in the experiment?
A Draw circles. B. Crrect errrs. C. Cpy gestures. D. Identify images.
14. What d pigens and AI have in cmmn accrding t the study?
A. They are f equal intelligence.
B. They are gd at making rules.
C. They respnd rapidly t rders frm humans.
D. They emply simple ways t get things dne.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Pigens’ trial-and-errr methd is revealed
B. Pigens utperfrm humans in tugh tasks
C. “Nt smart” pigens may be as smart as AI
D. AI mdels after pigens’ learning apprach
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究揭示了鸽子在某些问题解决上的能力与人工智
能相似，并通过实验验证了这一观点。
【12 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial
intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized
that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the
apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it,
Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.(
一项新的研究表明，鸽子可以像人工智能一样解决一些问题，使它们能够解决可能挑战人类的困难任务。
先前的研究推测，鸽子采用一种解决问题的策略，包括试错法，这与人工智能模型中使用的方法类似，但
不同于人类对选择性注意和规则使用的依赖。为了检验这一点，俄亥俄州立大学的心理学教授布兰登·特纳
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和他的同事进行了这项新研究)”可知，这项新研究的目的是为了检验一个理论。故选 A 项。
【13 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In the study, the pigens were presented with varius visual images, including lines f
different widths and angles, and different types f rings. The pigens had t peck (啄) a buttn n the right r left t
indicate the categry t which the image belnged.(在这项研究中，研究人员向鸽子展示了各种视觉图像，包括
不同宽度和角度的线条，以及不同类型的环。鸽子必须啄一下图片左边或右边的一个按钮来表示图片所属
的类别)”可知，鸽子在实验中需要识别图像。故选 D 项。
【14 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers’ AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple
mechanisms that pigens were assumed t use: assciative learning and errr crrectin.(研究人员的人工智能模
型只使用了假设鸽子使用的两种简单机制：联想学习和纠错)”以及最后一段“What’s interesting, thugh, is
that pigens use this methd f learning that is very similar t AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate
hw smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigens as nt clever animals,”
he said.(Turner 说，有趣的是，鸽子使用的这种学习方法与人类设计的人工智能非常相似。他说：“我们为自
己设计出人工智能而感到高兴，但同时，我们认为鸽子并不聪明。”)”可知，根据这项研究，鸽子和人工智
能都采用简单的方法来完成任务。故选 D 项。
【15 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study reveals that pigens (鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial
intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized
that pigens emply a prblem-slving strategy, invlving a trial-and- errr apprach, which is similar t the
apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans’ reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it,
Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at the Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.(
一项新的研究表明，鸽子可以像人工智能一样解决一些问题，使它们能够解决可能挑战人类的困难任务。
先前的研究推测，鸽子采用一种解决问题的策略，包括试错法，这与人工智能模型中使用的方法类似，但
不同于人类对选择性注意和规则使用的依赖。为了检验这一点，俄亥俄州立大学的心理学教授布兰登·特纳
和他的同事进行了这项新研究)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了研究表明鸽子在某些问题解决上的能
力与人工智能相似，因此选项 C““Nt smart” pigens may be as smart as AI(“不聪明”的鸽子可能和人工智
能一样聪明)”是本文最好的标题。故选 C 项。
E
Hw much time d yu spend ding research befre yu make a decisin? There are peple wh g ver
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every detail exhaustively befre making a chice. ____16____Psychlgists call this way f thinking a cgnitive
bias (认知偏见), a tendency tward a specific mental mistake.
T study “jumping”, we examined decisin-making patterns amng mre than 600 peple frm the general
ppulatin. We fund that jumpers made mre errrs than nn-jumpers n prblems that require thughtful analysis.
____17____ In a quiz abut US citizens, they verestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly
mre than ther participants did — even when their answers were wrng.
S what is behind “jumping”? Psychlgical researchers cmmnly distinguish between tw pathways f
thught: autmatic system, which reflects ideas that cme t the mind easily and withut effrt, and cntrlled
system including cnscius and effrtful reasning. Jumpers and nn-jumpers are equally influenced by autmatic
thughts. ____18____
It is the cntrlled system that helps peple cunter balance mental biases intrduced by the autmatic system.
As a result, jumpers were mre likely t accept the cnclusin made at first sight withut further questining. A
lack f cntrlled thinking is als mre bradly cnnected t their prblematic beliefs and faulty reasning.
____19____ A methd called cgnitive training can be used t target their biases, which can help peple think
mre deliberatively. In this training, participants are faced with their wn biases. They can learn abut the missteps
and ther ways f thinking thrugh the prblem at hand. It helps t gradually get rid f participants’ vercnfidence.
In everyday life, the questin f whether we shuld think things thrugh r instead jump t a cnclusin is a
frequent and imprtant ne. ____20____ Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin we make can be t take sme
mre time befre making a chice.
A. Happily, there may be sme hpe fr jumpers.
B. Als, jumpers had prblems with vercnfidence.
C. We plan t trace ther prblems intrduced by jumping.
D. But a fair number f individuals are quick t jump t cnclusins.
E. It is certainly pssible fr them t verthink things t take a decisin.
F. The jumpers, hwever, did nt engage in cntrlled reasning t the same degree as nn-jumpers.
G. Recent studies shw that even gathering just a little bit mre evidence may help us avid a majr mistake.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。但一种叫元认知训
练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
第 10页/共 25页
【16 题详解】
根据上文“Hw much time d yu spend ding research befre yu make a decisin? There are peple wh g
ver every detail exhaustively befre making a chice.(你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选
择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节)”结合下文提到了 jumper“急于得出结论的人”可知，呼应上文仔细考虑每
一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人——急于得出结论的人。D 项“但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论”
符合题意，与上文内容形成对比。故选 D。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“We fund that jumpers made mre errrs than nn-jumpers n prblems that require thughtful
analysis.(我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多)”和
下文“In a quiz abut US civics, they verestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly mre
than ther participants did—even when their answers were wrng.(在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估
了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的)”推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且过于
自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正确的几率。B 项“此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信
的问题”符合题意，呈上启下。故选 B。
【18 题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“autmatic system, which reflects ideas that cme t the mind easily,
spntaneusly and withut effrt, and cntrlled system including cnscius and effrtful reasning. Jumpers and
nn-jumpers are equally influenced by autmatic thughts. (自动系统，反映容易、自发且无需努力就能进入大
脑的想法，以及控制系统，包括有意识和轻松的推理。急于得出结论的人和仔细思考者同样受到自动思维
的影响)”可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响。但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思
维模式方面可能有所不同。F 项“然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理”符合题
意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处。故选 F。
【19 题详解】
空处位于段首，应开启下文。根据下文“A methd called metacgnitive training can be used t target their biases,
which can help peple think mre deliberatively. In this training, participants are cnfrnted with their wn biases.
They can learn abut the missteps and ther ways f thinking thrugh the prblem at hand. It helps t chip away at
participants’ vercnfidence.(一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重
地思考。在这个培训中，参与者要面对自己的偏见。他们可以学习到错误的地方和思考问题的其他方法。
它有助于消除参与者的过度自信)”可知，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，消除过度自信。
A 项“幸运的是，急于得出结论者可能还有一些希望”符合题意。故选 A。
第 11页/共 25页
【20 题详解】
根据上文“In everyday life, the questin f whether we shuld think things thrugh r instead g with ur gut is a
frequent and imprtant ne.(在日常生活中，我们是应该深思熟虑，还是按照直觉行事，这是一个常见而重要
的问题)”和下文“Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin we make can be t take sme mre time befre
making a chice.(有时候，我们做出的最重要决定可能要做出选择之前多花些时间)”可知，相较于按照直觉
行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。G 项“最近的研究表明，即使只收集了一点更多的证据，也可以帮助我
们避免重大错误”符合题意。故选 G。
二、完形填空（本大题共 1 小题）
I was n vacatin in Cuba and during an afternn, I went t a dlphin cve (小海湾) where yu culd have a
clse lk at dlphins and even swim with them. At first, my expectatins were quite ___21___ fr this. I’ve never
been a(n) ___22___ f captive (圈养 ) animals s I dn’t g t the z.
There were abut 6 cages underwater surrunding the dck where the ___23___ were and where yu culd
swim with them. These cages had n ___24___ part. They rse ut f the ___25___ abut a ft and had a fairly
gd amunt f depth. These dlphins culd easily jump ver the cages.
As the tur started, ___26___, ur Cuban guide verheard everyne talking abut the cages. Therefre, he
started ff the tur by ___27___ the intelligence f dlphins and the deal ___28___ peple made with them. Nt
sure hw they started the ___29___, but basically it fllws as this. These dlphins are cmpletely ____30____.
They arrive inland during a certain part f the seasn when they find it difficult t find ____31____ in the seas.
They will ____32____ and live in the dlphin park and get fed with really gd fd. When hurricane seasn starts,
they g back t the ____33____ and stay there until the seasn changes.
The dlphins are there by their wn free will because it ____34____ them. I wished ther facilities culd
establish a ____35____like this.
21. A. nrmal B. lw C. unrealistic D. psitive
22. A. bserver B. victim C. fan D. wner
23. A. dlphins B. fishermen C. turists D. bats
24. A. strng B. tp C. flat D. large
25. A. rf B. huse C. dck D. water
26. A. luckily B. amazingly C. bviusly D. eventually
27. A. explaining B. explring C. testing D. admiring
28. A. lcal B. primitive C. brave D. tugh
第 12页/共 25页
29. A. research B. experiment C. adventure D. prcess
30. A. reliable B. wild C. stress-free D. self-willed
31. A. fun B. land C. help D. fd
32. A. hide B. hunt C. dive D. perfrm
33. A. island B. cean C. park D. cage
34. A. relaxes B. benefits C. inspires D. cures
35. A. standard B. relatinship C. prgram D. regulatin
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B
31. D 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在古巴海豚湾的见闻。
【21 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我对此的期望很低。A. nrmal 正常的；B. lw 低的；C. unrealistic 不现
实的；D. psitive 积极的。根据下文“I’ve never been a(n) ___2___ f captive animals s I dn’t g t the z.
”可知，此处表示起初作者的期望很低。故选 B 项。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来都不是圈养动物的粉丝，所以我不去动物园。A. bserver 观察员；B. victim
受害者；C. fan 粉丝；D. wner 所有者。根据下文“f captive animals s I dn’t g t the z”可知，此处表
示作者不是圈养动物的粉丝。故选 C 项。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：码头周围有大约6个水下笼子，海豚就在那里，你可以和它们一起游泳。A. dlphins
海豚；B. fishermen 渔民；C. turists 游客；D. bats 船只。根据上文“I went t a dlphin cve”可知，作者
去了海豚湾，所以此处表示海豚在水下笼子里。故选 A 项。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些笼子没有顶部。A. strng 坚固的；B. tp 顶部的；C. flat 平坦的；D. large
大的。根据下文“These dlphins culd easily jump ver the cages.”可知，这些笼子没有顶端的部分。故选 B
项。
【25 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们从水里浮出来大约一英尺，相当深。A. rf 屋顶；B. huse 房屋；C. dck
码头；D. water 水。根据下文“abut a ft and had a fairly gd amunt f depth.”可知，此处表示笼子从水
第 13页/共 25页
里浮出来大约一英尺。故选 D 项。
【26 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显，当旅行开始时，我们的古巴导游无意中听到每个人都在谈论笼子。A.
luckily 幸运地；B. amazingly 令人惊讶地；C. bviusly 明显地；D. eventually 最终。根据下文“Therefre,
he started ff the tur by ___7___ the intelligence f dlphins and the deal ___8___ peple made with
them.”可知，导游明显听到了人们谈论笼子。故选 C 项。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他首先解释了海豚的智力以及当地人与海豚的交易。A. explaining 解释；
B. explring 探索；C. testing 测试；D. admiring 欣赏。根据下文“the intelligence f dlphins and the deal ___
8___ peple made with them.”可知，此处表示导游在进行解释。故选 A 项。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，他首先解释了海豚的智力以及当地人与海豚的交易。A. lcal 当地的；
B. primitive 原始的；C. brave 勇敢的；D. tugh 坚韧的。根据下文“Nt sure hw they started the ___9___ ,
but basically it fllws as this.”以及常识可知，此处表示当地人与海豚进行交易。故选 A 项。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不确定它们是如何开始这个过程的，但基本上是这样的。A. research 研究；B.
experiment 实验；C. adventure 冒险；D. prcess 过程。根据下文“They arrive inland during a certain part f the
seasn when they find it difficult t find ___11___ in the seas. They will ___12___ and live in the dlphin
park and get fed with really gd fd. When hurricane seasn starts, they g back t the ___13___ and stay
there until the seasn changes.”可知，此处表示海豚与人类合作的过程。故选 D 项。
【30 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些海豚是完全野生的。A. reliable 可靠的；B. wild 野生的；C. stress-free 无
压力的；D. self-willed 任性的。根据下文“when they find it difficult t find ___11___ in the seas.”以及
“When hurricane seasn starts, they g back t the ___13___ and stay there until the seasn changes.”可知，
这些海豚是野生的。故选 B 项。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们在季节的某个时候到达内陆，这时它们发现很难在海里找到食物。A. fun
乐趣；B. land 土地；C. help 帮助；D. fd 食物。根据下文“live in the dlphin park and get fed with really gd
fd.”可知，此处表示海豚发现在海里很难找到食物。故选 D 项。
【32 题详解】
第 14页/共 25页
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们将在海豚公园表演和生活，吃到真正美味的食物。A. hide 隐藏；B. hunt 狩
猎；C. dive 潜水；D. perfrm 表演。根据上文“yu culd have a clse lk at dlphins and even swim with them.
”可知，海豚会在公园里表演和生活。故选 D 项。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当飓风季节开始时，它们会回到海洋，一直待在那里直到季节变化。A. island
岛；B. cean 海洋；C. park 公园；D. cage 笼子。根据上文“They arrive inland during a certain part f the seasn
when they find it difficult t find ___11___ in the seas.”可知，此处表示海豚们回到海洋。故选 B 项。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：海豚在那里是出于它们自己的自由意志，因为这对它们有利。A. relaxes 使放松；
B. benefits 有益于；C. inspires 激励；D. cures 治愈。根据上文“They will ___12___ and live in the dlphin
park and get fed with really gd fd.”可知，此处表示这对海豚有益处。故选 B 项。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望其他场所也能建立这样的关系。A. standard 标准；B. relatinship 关系；
C. prgram计划；D. regulatin法规。根据上文“he started ff the tur by ___7___ the intelligence f dlphins
and the deal ___8___ peple made with them.”以及语境可知，此处表示作者希望其他场所也能建立类似
这样的关系。故选 B 项。
三、翻译（本大题共 5 小题）
汉译英
36. 仪式 n. ________________
37. 基本上地 adv.________________
38. 谨慎的 adj.________________
39. 突破 n.________________
40. 歧视 n.________________
41. 澄清；阐明 v.________________
42. 应得 v.________________
43. 批评 n.________________
44. 减少；谢绝 v.________________
45. 抱怨 n. ________________
【答案】36. ceremny
37. basically
第 15页/共 25页
38. cautius
39. breakthrugh
40. discriminatin
41. clarify
42. deserve
43. criticism
44. decline
45. cmplaint
【解析】
【36 题详解】
“仪式”在英文中翻译为“ceremny”，根据词性可知是名词，故答案是 ceremny。
【37 题详解】
“基本上地”在英文中翻译为“basically”，根据词性可知是副词，故答案是 basically。
【38 题详解】
“谨慎的”在英文中翻译为“cautius”，根据词性可知是形容词，故答案是 cautius。
【39 题详解】
“突破”在英文中翻译为“breakthrugh”，根据词性可知是名词，故答案是 breakthrugh。
【40 题详解】
“歧视”在英文中翻译为“discriminatin”，根据词性可知是名词，故答案是 discriminatin。
【41 题详解】
“澄清；阐明”在英文中翻译为“clarify”，根据词性可知是动词，故答案是 clarify。
【42 题详解】
“应得”在英文中翻译为“deserve”，根据词性可知是动词，故答案是 deserve。
【43 题详解】
“批评”在英文中翻译为“criticism”，根据词性可知是名词，故答案是 criticism。
【44 题详解】
“减少；谢绝”在英文中翻译为“decline”，根据词性可知是动词，故答案是 decline。
【45 题详解】
“抱怨”在英文中翻译为“cmplaint”，根据词性可知是名词，故答案是 cmplaint。
写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
第 16页/共 25页
46. The gvernment expressed its reslve and determinatin t uncver the truth. ________
47. He is engaged in a bitter struggle with his rival (对手) t get cntrl f the cmpany. ________
48. Fr the cnvenience f her twin daughters,she furnished the bathrm with tw shwers,and tw sinks.
________
49. The bark f the yung tree was remved and sn it died. ________
【答案】46. n.坚定的信念
47. adj.激烈的
48. n.洗脸盆;洗涤槽
49. n.树皮
【解析】
【46 题详解】
考查名词。句意：政府明确表示将全力以赴查明真相。加粗词与 determinatin“决心”并列，为名词，意思
为：坚定的信念。故填：n.坚定的信念。
【47 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他正与对手激烈竞争，试图掌控这家公司。加粗词修饰 struggle“竞争”，为形容词作
定语，意思为：激烈的。故填：adj.激烈的。
48 题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了方便她的两个女儿使用，她在浴室里配备了两个淋浴喷头和两个水槽。加粗词 sinks
为名词，根据前文 furnished the bathrm with tw shwers“为浴室配备了两个淋浴喷头”可知，sinks 为“洗
脸盆;洗涤槽”。故填：n.洗脸盆；洗涤槽。
【49 题详解】
考查名词。句意：这棵小树的树皮被剥掉了，不久它就死了。bark 为名词，根据 f the yung tree“这棵小
树”可知，加粗词 bark 意思为：树皮。故填：n.树皮。
英译汉
50. recrd v. ________ n. ________
51. species n. ________
52. identificatin n. ________
53. frecast v. ________
54. presentatin n. ________
55. additinal adj. ________
第 17页/共 25页
56. perfrm v. ________
57. assess v. ________
58. charity n. ________
59. starvatin n. ________
60. fund n. ________ v. ________
61. uplad v. ________
62. frequent adj. ________
【答案】50. ①. 记录，记载 ②. 记录，记载
51. （动植物的）种，物种；种类
52. 辨认，识别；确认，确定；身份证明
53. 预测，预报 54. 仪式，典礼；授予，颁发；陈述，报告
55. 附加的，额外的
56. 做；履行；执行；演出；表演；工作，运转（好/不好）
57. 评估；估价；估算
58. 慈善组织，慈善机构；慈善事业
59. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死
60. ①. 基金，专款；资金；基金会 ②. 资助，为……提供资金
61. 上载，上传 62. 频繁的，经常性的
【解析】
【50 题详解】
recrd 可作动词或名词，意为“记录，记载”。故填①记录，记载②记录，记载。
【51 题详解】
species 是名词，意为“（动植物的）种，物种；种类”，故填“（动植物的）种，物种；种类”。
【52 题详解】
identificatin 是名词，意为“辨认，识别；确认，确定；身份证明”，故填“辨认，识别；确认，确定；身
份证明”。
【53 题详解】
frecast 是动词，意为“预测，预报”，故填“预测，预报”。
【54 题详解】
presentatin 是名词，意为“仪式，典礼；授予，颁发；陈述，报告”，故填“仪式，典礼；授予，颁发；
第 18页/共 25页
陈述，报告”。
【55 题详解】
additinal 是形容词，意为“附加的，额外的”，故填“附加的，额外的”。
【56 题详解】
perfrm 是动词，意为“做；履行；执行；演出；表演；工作，运转（好/不好）”，故填“做；履行；执行；
演出；表演；工作，运转（好/不好）”。
【57 题详解】
assess 是动词，意为“评估；估价；估算”，故填“评估；估价；估算”。
【58 题详解】
charity 是名词，意为“慈善组织，慈善机构；慈善事业”，故填“慈善组织，慈善机构；慈善事业”。
【59 题详解】
starvatin 是名词，意为“饥饿；挨饿；饿死”，故填“饥饿；挨饿；饿死”。
【60 题详解】
fund 可作名词或动词，作名词时意为“基金，专款；资金；基金会”，作动词时意为“资助，为……提供
资金”。故填①基金，专款；资金；基金会②资助，为……提供资金。
【61 题详解】
uplad 是动词，意为“上载，上传”，故填“上载，上传”。
【62 题详解】
frequent 是形容词，意为“频繁的，经常性的”。故填“频繁的，经常性的”。
英译汉
63. enthusiasm n. ________
64. facility n. ________
65. shelter v. ________ n. ________
66. duty n. ________
67. relief n. ________
68. admit v. ________
69. tutr v. ________ n. ________
70. ptential adj. ________ n. ________
71. restrict v. ________
72. equal adj. ________ v. ________ n. ________
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73. district n. ________
74. devtin n. ________
75. enthusiastic adj. ________
【答案】63. 热情，热忱
64. 设施，设备；场所
65. ①. 提供庇护，提供保护；躲避，避难 ②. 居所，住处；遮蔽物，庇护处；遮蔽，庇护；收容
所
66. 责任，义务；值班；职责
67. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解
68. 承认；准许进入(某处)；接纳，接收
69. ①. 指导，辅导，担任私人教师；当家庭教师 ②. 家庭教师，私人教师；导师
70. ①. 潜在的，可能的 ②. 潜力，可能性
71. 限制 72. ①. 相等的；平等的；胜任的；势均力敌的 ②. 等于；比得上 ③. 同等的人，
相等物
73. 地区，区域；行政区，辖区
74. 挚爱；忠诚；奉献
75. 热心的，热情的
【解析】
【63 题详解】
名词 enthusiasm，汉语翻译为“热情，热忱”，故填：热情，热忱。
【64 题详解】
名词 facility，汉语翻译为“设施，设备；场所”，故填：设施，设备；场所。
【65 题详解】
动词 shelter，汉语翻译为“提供庇护，提供保护；躲避，避难”，其名词汉语翻译为“居所，住处；遮蔽物，
庇护处；遮蔽，庇护；收容所”，故填：①提供庇护，提供保护；躲避，避难；②居所，住处；遮蔽物，
庇护处；遮蔽，庇护；收容所。
【66 题详解】
名词 duty，汉语翻译为“责任，义务；值班；职责”，故填：责任，义务；值班；职责。
【67 题详解】
名词 relief，汉语翻译为“宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解”，故填：宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解。
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【68 题详解】
动词 admit，汉语翻译为“承认；准许进入(某处)；接纳，接收”，故填：承认；准许进入(某处)；接纳，接
收。
【69 题详解】
动词 tutr，汉语翻译为“指导，辅导，担任私人教师；当家庭教师”，其名词汉语翻译为“家庭教师，私
人教师；导师”，故填：①指导，辅导，担任私人教师；当家庭教师；②家庭教师，私人教师；导师。
【70 题详解】
形容词 ptential，汉语翻译为“潜在的，可能的”，其名词汉语翻译为“潜力，可能性”，故填：①潜在的，
可能的；②潜力，可能性。
【71 题详解】
动词 restrict，汉语翻译为“限制”，故填：限制。
【72 题详解】
形容词 equal，汉语翻译为“相等的；平等的；胜任的；势均力敌的”，其动词汉语翻译为“等于；比得上”，
其名词汉语翻译为“同等的人，相等物”，故填：①相等的；平等的；胜任的；势均力敌的；②等于；比
得上；③同等的人，相等物。
【73 题详解】
名词 district，汉语翻译为“地区，区域；行政区，辖区”，故填：地区，区域；行政区，辖区。
【74 题详解】
名词 devtin，汉语翻译为“挚爱；忠诚；奉献”，故填：挚爱；忠诚；奉献。
【75 题详解】
形容词 enthusiastic，汉语翻译为“热心的，热情的”，故填：热心的，热情的。
英译汉
76. deserved adj. ________
77. assumptin n. ________
78. academic adj. ________
79. cmplex adj. ________
80. appealing adj. ________
81. crash v. ________ n. ________
82. external adj. ________
83. internal adj. ________
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84. minimize v. ________
85. attend v. ________
86. alternative adj. ________ n. ________
87. surrunding adj. ________
【答案】76. 应得的，理所当然的
77. 假定，假设 78. 学业的，学术的；学校的，学院的
79. 复杂的，难懂的
80. 吸引人的，有感染力的
81. ①. 撞车，坠毁 ②. 撞车事故，失事；巨响，碰撞声
82. 外部的，外面的
83. 内部的，体内的
84. 使减少到最低限度
85. 出席，参加；经常去（某地）；照料
86. ①. 可供替代的，备选的 ②. 可供选择的事物
87. 周围的，附近的
【解析】
【76 题详解】
deserved，形容词，中文意思为“应得的，理所当然的”。故翻译为：应得的，理所当然的。
【77 题详解】
assumptin，名词，中文意思为“假定，假设”。故翻译为：假定，假设。
【78 题详解】
academic，形容词，中文意思为“学业的，学术的；学校的，学院的”。故翻译为：学业的，学术的；学校
的，学院的。
【79 题详解】
cmplex，形容词，中文意思为“复杂的，难懂的”。故翻译为：复杂的，难懂的。
【80 题详解】
appealing，形容词，中文意思为“吸引人的，有感染力的”。故翻译为：吸引人的，有感染力的。
【81 题详解】
crash，用作动词时中文意思为“撞车，坠毁”，作名词中文意思为“撞车事故，失事；巨响，碰撞声”。
故翻译为：①撞车，坠毁；②撞车事故，失事；巨响，碰撞声。
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【82 题详解】
external，形容词，中文意思为“外部的，外面的”。故翻译为：外部的，外面的。
【83 题详解】
internal，形容词，中文意思为“内部的，体内的”。故翻译为：内部的，体内的。
【84 题详解】
minimize，动词，中文意思为“使减少到最低限度”。故翻译为：使减少到最低限度。
【85 题详解】
attend，动词，中文意思为“出席，参加；经常去（某地）；照料”。故翻译为：出席，参加；经常去（某
地）；照料。
【86 题详解】
alternative，作形容词时中文意思为“可供替代的，备选的”，作名词时中文意思为“可供选择的事物”。
故翻译为：①可供替代的，备选的；②可供选择的事物。
【87 题详解】
surrunding，形容词，中文意思为“周围的，附近的”。故翻译为：周围的，附近的。
英汉互译
88. ________________关/开（电灯、机器等）
89. ________________日常生活
90. ________________在初期；早先
91. ________________着火
92. ________________从这种（某种）意义上来讲
93 alng with________________
94. respnd t________________
95. keep track f________________
96. in additin________________
97. ________________
【答案】88. switch ff/n
89. daily rutine
90. early n
91. catch fire
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92. in this sense()
93. 沿着；随同；与……一起
94. 回应；响应 95. 记录；与……保持联系
96. 另外 97. 避免……；阻止……
【解析】
【88 题详解】
“关（电灯、机器等）”在英语中翻译为“switch ff”，“开（电灯、机器等）”翻译为“switch n”表达。
故答案为：switch ff/n。
【89 题详解】
“日常的”在英语中翻译为“daily”，“生活”即“惯例，常规”翻译为“rutine”。因此，“日常生活”翻
译为“daily rutine”。故答案为：daily rutine。
【90 题详解】
“在初期；早先”在英语中翻译为“early n”。故答案为：early n。
【91 题详解】
“着火”在英语中翻译为“catch fire”。故答案为：catch fire。
【92 题详解】
“从……上来讲”在英语中翻译为介词“in”，“这种意义”在英语中翻译为“this sense”，“某种意义”
可直接用“…sense”表达。故答案为：in this 。
【93 题详解】
“alng with”在汉语中翻译为“沿着；随同；与……一起”。故答案为：沿着；随同；与……一起。
【94 题详解】
“respnd t”在汉语中翻译为“回应；响应”。故答案为：回应；响应。
【95 题详解】
“keep track f”在汉语中翻译为“记录；与……保持联系”。故答案为：记录；与……保持联系。
【96 题详解】
“in additin”在汉语中翻译为“另外”。故答案为：另外。
【97 题详解】
“prevent…frm…”在汉语中翻译为“避免……；阻止……”。故答案为：避免……；阻止……。
单词释义
第 24页/共 25页
charge
A. 控告 B. 负责 C. 向……冲去 D. 收费 E. 给……充电
98. The utstanding scientist is in charge f handling the matter. ________
99. There are plenty f ther benefits, t; it desn’t charge city tax; it has bth air cnditining and a heater fr
the rms; it als has free Wi-Fi in every rm. ________
100. The plice charged the thief with stealing raw materials in the cmpany. ________
101. The kind-hearted mechanic helped charge my phne. ________
102. Seeing her mther, the cute girl charged frward and hugged her tightly. ________
【答案】98. B 99. D
100. A 101. E
102. C
【解析】
【98 题详解】
考查名词。句意：这位杰出的科学家负责处理此事。in charge f 意思为：负责，为固定短语，此处 charge
为名词，意思为：负责。故选 B。
【99 题详解】
考查动词。句意：此外还有许多其他好处：它无需缴纳城市税；房间内配备了空调和暖气设备；每间客房
都免费提供 Wi-Fi。根据 city tax“城市税”可知，charge 此处为动词，意思为：收费。故选 D。
【100 题详解】
考查动词。句意：警方指控这名小偷在公司内盗窃了原材料。charge sb. with ding sth.意思为：指控某人做
某事，此处 charge 为动词，意思为：控告。故选 A。
【101 题详解】
考查动词。句意：这位善良的修理工帮我给手机充电了。根据 my phne 可知，此处 charge 为动词，意思为：
给……充电。故选 E。
102 题详解】
考查动词。句意：看到母亲在眼前，这个可爱的小女孩便冲了过去，紧紧地抱住了她。根据副词 frward 可
知，此处 charge 为动词，意思为：向……冲去。故选 C。
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