高考英语二轮讲义-阅读理解——议论文（核心考点精讲精练）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-阅读理解——议论文（核心考点精讲精练）（学生版），共95页。试卷主要包含了 高考真题考点分布， 命题规律及备考策略等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点，练习全部是26年新模拟题
1. 高考真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：记文章涉及的论题具有生活化的特征，与社会生活密切相关。
2．从命题思路上看：
文章通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非的方法，来论证某种观点正确与否，肯定或否定某种主张。即提出问题(引论)--分析问题(本论)一一解决问题(结论)”。常见的有细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题、情感态度题等题型。
【备考策略】
在阅读解题时，应该从结构和内容两方面同时入手，先通读全文，再区分事实和观点。通常来说，议论文会采用三段论式结构。首段会通过一个故事或对某种现象的描述来引入话题，明确论点；接下来是文章的主体部分，会用两个或两个以上的段落引用事实和理论论据进行论证，常用的论证方法有举例、引用和对比，这一部分要注意作者选用的论据，它们往往与细节理解题的考查点相对应，同时还要留意论证的方法；文章的最后一段是结论部分，要弄清作者最后得出了什么结论。在通读全文并了解文章的结构和内容后再阅读试题，到文章中去找相对应的信息，比如事实、观点、作者真正的意图和结论等。
议论文结构特点
写法一：正方（甲方），反方（乙方），我认为
写法二：提出问题，分析问题，回答（解决）问题
写法三：论点，理由（证据），重申论点。
高考备考，重点练阅读。因为阅读是纲，纲举目张。阅读量 + 词汇量 = 高考英语前途无量。要做到精读泛读相结合。每天读5篇，高考一百三。具体来说，可以每天精读2篇，读懂每一句话，并完成文后的问答题；泛读3篇，材料要相对容易一些，但要有长度。泛读的方法是只求知道内容，不记单词或漂亮句子，也不做短文后的习题。
【命题预测】
预计2026年议论文有可能考。复习过程中要熟练掌握议论文的命题特点和解题方法，做到成功应对议论文阅读试题。
【必备基础知识】
一、【语篇特点】
特点：
议论文是运用逻辑推理和证明来阐述某一观点、看法和主张的文体。这类文章或从正面提出某种见解，或驳斥别人的错误观点，以说服读者同意自己的观点为主要目的。
议论文一般有论点、论据和论证三个要素。论点是议论文的核心，即中心思想，是论据和论证的服务对象。论据是作者所引用的用以支持和证明论点的材料，这些材料可以是名人名言、事实例证或统计数据等。论证是作者组织、运用论据的手法。
议论文的阅读方法：
1. 抓论点、寻论据
阅读议论文我们要抓住论题，即作者提出的观点、给出的例证及最后得出的结论。抓住了论题，我们就把握了中心。
2. 重文章结构，理清文章脉络。把握文章结构，有利于对文章大体的理解。从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类：
(1)“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”的过程。
(2)“由论点到论据到结论或者强调论点”的过程。
二、【解题策略】
考点一 议论文中的主旨大意题
主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解,它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下,对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。主旨大意题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力,也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据,需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括,才能归纳出文章的主旨。
【常考类型】
(2024新课标I卷C篇)
We all knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is an indr garden system. It can be set up fr a family. Additinally, it culd serve a larger audience such as a hspital, restaurant r schl. The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable weekly supply f fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies n new technlgy. By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pd (容器) t get the next grwth cycle started.
Mrever, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zer emissins (排放) frm transprting plants frm sil t salad. In additin, there’s n need fr pesticides and ther chemicals that pllute traditinal farms and the surrunding envirnment.
BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee.
31. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. BMF’s majr strengths.B. BMF’s general management.
C. BMF’s glbal influence.D. BMF’s technical standards.
（2026·山东省济南市高三上学期开学）Beneath the Pacific lies the Clarin-Clippertn Zne (CCZ), where tens f billins f plymetallic ndules (多金属结核) are packed with cbalt (钴). Seabed-mining cmpanies prmte them as “a battery in a rck” and “the easiest way t slve climate change.” They claim that thse ndules can prvide metals fr 4.8 billin electric vehicles.
Yet this prmise threatens a bilgical treasure. Marine (海洋的) bilgists reveal the CCZ shelters ver 5,000 unique species in the darkness. The extensive mining f cbalt may lead t the lss f bidiversity. A cmpany claimed t have fund a slutin t minimize the damage t the eclgy and has already trialed a 25-tn cllectr rbt designed t harvest these ndules. Hwever, a 2023 study shws it can cause permanent destructin in the area.
Cmmercial mining is nt yet permitted in internatinal waters. The Internatinal Seabed Authrity (ISA) is still determining hw, and under what cnditins, mining shuld be allwed. After 28 years f debate, its 168 member states still lack frmal agreement. While cmpanies advcate using ndule-cllecting rbts, 437 scientists frm 44 cuntries demand an immediate stp.ISA studies cnfirm that just 10% mining f the CCZ may wipe ut 50% f its species.
Nr is it certain that cbalt mining will even be all that imprtant in car-battery technlgy. Many battery cmpanies are trying t recycle cbalt frm spent batteries. In March, several majr Eurpean carmakers jintly stated that they wuld nt buy any metals prduced frm deep-sea mining befre the envirnmental risks are “cmpletely understd”. Meanwhile, several Chinese electric vehicle prducers have already made the switch, recycling up t 95% f metals frm used batteries. “Why rush t mine the cean fr metals becming utdated?” said battery expert Gavin Harper.
On June 8, 21 marine scientists frm 8 universities finished a six-week research in the CCZ and packed up seaflr samples t take back t their labs fr further analysis. “An assessment f the mining’s impact will take years f research,” says Andrew frm Edinburgh. “I’m trying t get the best envirnmental data. And then it’s up t sciety t make the decisin t g ahead.”
8．Why are the ndules called “a battery in a rck”?
A．They cntain valuable metals.
B．They have recharging qualities.
C．They wn battery-like structures.
D．They generate renewable pwer.
9．What can be inferred abut the ISA?
A．It priritizes ecnmic interests.
B．It is guarded abut seabed mining.
C．It ppses cmmercial peratins.
D．It requires mre technical supprt.
10．What des the authr want t illustrate in Paragraph 4?
A．Deep-sea mining meets demands.
B．Carmakers reuse battery materials.
C．Battery recycling needs prmting.
D．Seabed mining fr cbalt can wait.
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Marine Mining, a Green Slutin
B．Cbalt, the Future f Batteries
C．Ocean Metals, an Ocean Risk?
D．CCZ, the Treasure Unknwn?
考点二 考查议论文中的推理判断题
1.推断题特征
推断题要求学生在理解文章表面信息的基础上，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者态度，理解文章的寓意等。推断题是议论文中出现频率最高、难度最大的题目。推断题常常考查写作目的、作者意图、结论推断或者文章出处推断等。常见的题目如下：
①Frm the example in paragraph...， we can infer that____________.
②Whats the purpse f the text？
③Whats the attitude f the authr twards...？
2.推断题的解题策略
①立足议论文中明确的客观信息，挖掘内在的逻辑关系，合理地进行推断。
②全面分析所有相关信息，避免片面性，做到判断有据，推理有据，忠于原文。
③不可用主观臆断来代替文中作者的观点，不能用事实代替推理，不能用具体代替抽象，不能用现象代替实质。
④要特别注意表现作者感情、态度、观点的语句。
⑤“立足原文，只推一步”：根据原文内容简单推理，一步即可推得。
⑥选项中一般不出现绝对概念，如nly、never、all、abslutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用能够留有一些余地的词汇，如ften、usually、smetimes、sme、may、might、can、culd、prbably等。
（2024年新课标Ⅰ卷C篇）
Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text nscreen r n paper? And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material? The answers t bth questins are ften “n”. The reasns relate t a variety f factrs, including reduced cncentratin, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than n screen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper’s physical prperties. With paper, there is a literal laying n f hands, alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages. Peple ften link their memry f what they’ve read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
29. What des the shallwing hypthesis assume?
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.B. Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C. Peple select digital texts randmly.D. Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
31. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C. Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D. Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
【篇章结构】
【长难句分析】
1. 【原句】The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – t nes that require mental abstractin – such as drawing inferences frm a text.
【译文】当实验人员从提出简单的任务，如找到阅读文章的主旨，转向需要抽象思维的任务，如从文本中推断出结论时，纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。
【句子结构分析】本句中when 引导时间状语从句，从句谓语为mve，like identifying the main idea in a reading passage 和such as drawing inferences frm a text 分别补充说明simple tasks和nes that require mental abstractin。
2.【原句】 Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
【翻译】根据这一理论，人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当，社交媒体通常不那么严肃，相比纸质阅读，人们投入的脑力要少。
【句子结构分析】suited t scial media 作后置定语修饰mindset，which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词scial media，and 连接主句并列的谓语apprach 和devte。
3.【原句】Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
【因为】然而，在需要精神集中和反思的学习中，为了最大化学习效果，教育工作者不应假设所有媒介都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的文字。
【句子结构分析】
主句: ... educatrs shuldn’t assume [all media are the same]；宾语从句: (that) all media are the same (省略 that)
；目的状语: fr maximizing learning ... (介词短语 fr... 表目的)；where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr` (定语从句修饰 learning，相当于 in which)； 让步状语从句: even when they cntain identical wrds (even when 引导)
（2026·湖南省长沙市雨花区长沙市雅礼中学高三月考）The stry f The Emperr’s New Clthes is ne f Andersen’s best-knwn fables. Cnmen (骗子) fl the emperr int believing they have made him a fabulus suit that the unwrthy will be unable t see. Curtiers (侍从) dare nt say that the emperr is naked; it takes a child t pint ut the bvius.
The mral is that peple are ften t hidebund by scial traditin t state their views. Hw many cmpanies have pursued cstly prjects favured by the chief executive, even when ther managers have had dubts?
In his bk Rebel Ideas: The Pwer f Diverse Thinking, Matthew Syed argues that the key t dealing with this prblem is “cgnitive diversity”, in ther wrds, assembling a team f peple with different perspectives and intellectual backgrunds. Individuals frm varied backgrunds apprach prblems differently. It is nt merely abut electing peple fr teams frm bth sexes and varius ethnicities. Hire nly Cambridge plitics graduates r Harvard MBAs r Stanfrd sftware engineers and they will have studied under the same prfessrs and absrbed similar wrld views regardless f their gender r skin clur.
In tday’s cmplex wrld, cperatin is crucial fr breakthrughs. In science and engineering, 90% f papers are prduced by teams rather than individuals. Since 1975, team-based patents have dminated acrss all categries in the United States.
There is anther element t selecting a gd team: ensuring that thse viewpints are heard and respected. That may nt happen if thse in charge are arrgant. A study f ver 300 prjects by the Rtterdam Schl f Management fund that thse led by junir managers were mre likely t succeed than thse led by senir managers — maybe because ther team members were less scared abut pinting ut ptential dangers t smene less senir.
This freedm t speak withut fear f punishment is knwn as “psychlgical safety.” Syed cites a Ggle study identifying it as the mst imprtant factr behind effective teamwrk. Fr example, during brainstrming, allwing annymus idea submissin helps reduce the influence f senirity and encurages hnest feedback.
12．The first paragraph is intended t ________.
A．argue children’s wisdm ver adults
B．cnfirm the ppularity f Andersen’s fables
C．intrduce the prblem f fear t express truth in grups
D．make fun f the flishness f the emperr and his curtiers
13．What kind f peple are “hidebund”?
A．Thse ppsing team activities.
B．Thse trapped in a fixed mindset.
C．Thse verly fcusing n thers’ behavir.
D．Thse challenging traditinal ways f thinking.
14．What des the authr suggest a cmpany d as t assembling an effective team?
A．Select peple frm diverse cgnitive backgrunds.
B．Emply graduates frm the same tp university.
C．Appint senir managers t pse strict cntrl.
D．Hire peple in line with the chief executive.
15．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．Cgnitive Diversity: Daring t Differ
B．Junir Managers: Making Better Leaders
C．The Emperr’s New Clthes: Lying t Obey
D．The Ggle Study: Unlcking Psychlgical Safety
考点三 考查议论文中的细节理解题
1.细节题的特征
这类题目一般难度不大，以表层理解为主，多数情况下是直接信息题，主要考查学生在快速阅读文章的同时从中获取某些特定信息的能力。它们往往以what、which、wh、when、where、hw来提问，有时还会加上一个前提。
2.细节题的解题策略
在处理细节题时，要做到又快又准。快：快速发现题干关键词，再运用略读和跳读的技巧在文中迅速定位。准：解题时要抓准关键词，要注意选项与原文的细微差别，在准确理解细节的情况下，确定最佳答案。
3.细节题的解题关键、
准确识别选项和题干改写过程中的，同义句表达是解题关键。常用的方法：1.采用同义词手段改写；2.采用正话反说的方法改写；3.采用虚拟语气进行改写；4.采用同义句式方式改写。
1. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇片段)
While safety imprvements might have been made t ur streets in recent years, transprt studies als shw declines in pedestrian (行人) mbility, especially amng yung children. Many parents say there’s t much traffic n the rads fr their children t walk safely t schl, s they pack them int the car instead.
…
28. What phenmenn des the authr pint ut in paragraph 1?
A. Cars ften get stuck n the rad.
B. Traffic accidents ccur frequently.
C. Peple walk less and drive mre.
D. Pedestrians fail t fllw the rules.
2.(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇片段)
…
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies – say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
…
30. Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers?
A. They can hld students’ attentin.
B. They are mre cnvenient t prepare.
C. They help develp advanced skills.
D. They are mre infrmative than text.
（2026·江苏省部分学校高三上学期8月联考）Earlier this year, the Pew Research Center released data shwing that 55% f peple get their news frm scial media. In a fllw-up study, they fund that these peple are mre likely t see misinfrmatin. When that misinfrmatin is abut science, it cntributes t the grwing mistrust individuals have twards science. We, as scientists, need t d ur best t crrect this misinfrmatin. Hwever, we are mstly stuck behind ur lab desks due t the pressure t publish papers.
When we ccasinally d apprach the public, we ften dn't d a great jb cmmunicating in ways nnscientists can understand. Mst f us have nt been trained t cmmunicate r teach the lay audience. We use cmplicated wrds and phrases and a lt f jargn (术语) . We may fcus n tiny details that the general public desn't need t understand. Other times we frget that the peple we are talking t are human, with cmplicated lives and emtins. Just like us. They deserve ur attentin and respect. This causes the public t rely n ther surces fr their scientific infrmatin, ften the afrementined scial media.
Tday we are seeing the cnsequences f this. Large percentages f peple believe that infectius diseases are nt real and that vaccines (疫苗) are dangerus. This distrust in science has gne frm a mere incnvenience t nw being an issue that endangers public health and safety. Distrust in science als endangers ur funding. When the public puts less value in science, there is less public supprt fr tax dllars ging t funding fr research.
S, what can we d t address these issues? Peple trust thse they knw and interact with. We need t interact with the public mre. During these interactins, we shuld chse ur wrds carefully. We need t cut ut as much jargn as pssible. Smetimes it may be necessary, but then we must be clear and explain the terms we use. T help peple understand and remember cncepts, we can use stries and images t illustrate ur main pints. Mst peple can remember a stry smene tld, r a striking image shared.
1．What cncern des the authr raise based n the Pew study?
A．Declining public curisity abut science.B．Spread f false scientific infrmatin.
C．Scientists’ limited time fr lab wrk.D．Difficulty in publishing research.
2．What des the underlined wrd “lay” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Unprfessinal.B．Overnumbered.
C．Misinfrmed.D．Undereducated.
3．What results frm the public's disbelief in science?
A．Increased public supprt fr research funding.B．Reduced reality f infectius diseases.
C．An increased risk fr wellness threats.D．Incnvenient access t scientific findings.
4．What des the authr urge scientists t fcus n?
A．Mre public talks withut altering jargn.B．Releasing mre scientific wrk.
C．Aviding scial media platfrms.D．Making science mre understandable.
考点四 考查议论文中的词义猜测题
词义推断题
1.词义推断题的特征
议论文的生词较多，容易出现词义推断题。这类题目不仅考查学生的英语知识水平，更重要的是考查学生通过上下文提示，灵活应用英语知识的能力。它们常以“The underlined
wrd “...” means...、The meaning f the underlined wrd... is ____________ .”等表达来设问。
2.词义推断题的解题技巧
①通过上下文来推断词义。利用上下文的逻辑关系和句法结构来猜测词义。
②通过构词法来推断词义。这要求考生在平时的学习中注意掌握一些常见的前缀和后缀。
1.（2024年新课标Ⅰ卷C篇）
Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text nscreen r n paper? And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material? The answers t bth questins are ften “n”. The reasns relate t a variety f factrs, including reduced cncentratin, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than n screen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.
……
28. What des the underlined phrase “shine thrugh” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Seem unlikely t last.B. Seem hard t explain.
C. Becme ready t use.D. Becme easy t ntice.
2. (2023·全国乙卷D篇片段)
……
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
34. What des the underlined wrd “cnversatin” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Prblem.B. Histry.C. Vice.D. Sciety.
（2026·福建省漳州市高三上学期第一次教学质量检测）We becme bred if smething fails t absrb ur attentin, r when we perceive it as meaningless. This is nt t say that smething needs t be bth engaging and meaningful t keep us interested: ding sudku might be absrbing but relatively meaningless, while reading a Peppa Pig bedtime stry fr the 500th time is nt engaging but may nnetheless feel like a meaningful thing t d.
In any case, when bredm strikes it shuld serve as a reminder t d smething mre engaging r meaningful. If yu dn’t react apprpriately t yur bredm, yu may find yurself becming chrnically (长期) bred. That is assciated with a range f prblems, including depressin, anxiety, pr life satisfactin and s n.
There is statistical evidence t suggest that chrnic bredm is becming mre cmmn, and that this cmmnness cnsists with the rise f smartphnes. Why might digital media have this effect? Research has shwn that the main reasn we pick up ur phnes r check ur scials is t relieve bredm, but that the behavir actually wrsens it.
Digital devices may hld ur attentin fr a while, but much f what we d nline desn’t feel meaningful. It’s incredibly easy t plan t lk at yur phne fr just five minutes and resurface tw hurs later with a stranger’s hliday plans r the latest entertainment news. Phnes’ effectiveness at thrwing us int shallw stimulatin blcks us frm imprtant self-reflectin like “Why am I feeling this?” r “What d I need that I’m nt getting?” If we pause and listen, then perhaps we can make a chice rather than being cntrlled by sftware engineers.
Next time bredm strikes, dn’t try t assuage it instantly and ask urselves: are we in search f pure entertainment r smething mre purpseful, an pprtunity t cnnect with friends r ur cmmunity r smething different, smething new? The peple wh chse t embrace (拥抱) bredm, at least fr a while, may actually experience less f it. It culd even be the first step twards a life that feels mre stimulating verall: meaningful, creative and free.
1．Hw des the authr clarify his view in the first paragraph?
A．By defining cncepts.B．By giving examples.C．By raising assumptins.D．By analyzing data.
2．What can be inferred abut bredm?
A．It is easy t vercme.B．It signals a need fr change.
C．It is caused by digital devicesD．It always indicates mental illness.
3．What des the underlined wrd “assuage” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Identify.B．Judge.C．Use.D．Relieve.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Shuld we embrace bredm?B．Why shuld we cut digital device use?
C．What is the rt f bredm?D．Can we balance bredm and digital life?
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2026·黑龙江省哈尔滨市哈尔滨市第三中学校高三上学期9月月考）Standing n the lakeshre, my gaze drifts dwn t the tens-even hundreds f thusands f-small stnes scattered arund my bts, and I can't help but pause in wnder. Each was created frm hard surfaces, their edges sftening ver time.
And I wnder, can we learn frm a pile f rcks?
Even the tallest muntains have wrn dwn; nne are as tall as they were 1, 000 years ag. And much like a rck, I've fund my attitude has sftened and my desire t better understand thers has expanded with each trip arund the sun.
Once I t was a sharp rck cvered in pinty edges. Tday, after decades f the waters f life cursing ver me, my edges are sfter and mre understanding. I'm less likely t judge and mre interested in learning hw we can exist tgether.
But I'm nt a rck. I'm a human-being filled with all the drama built int my DNA．
Tw years ag, while traveling in the Pacific Nrthwest, I watched a restaurant wner ask a guy t leave fr nt falling in line with the rules. Nt frceful and nt rude. On the dr read a sign: "Please wear a mask befre entering ur restaurant. We dn't like it either, but let's all d what we can." But the guy tried t argue abut the nte.
I sat watching, understanding bth sides. I've been this guy befre, using my yuthful edges t chip away at the wrld. What I lst, hwever, was the ability t grw by lking thrugh thers' eyes, and thus the pssibility f finding cntent and success.
Yu can fit mre runded rcks in a jar than thse with sharp edges. The frmer lk fr ways t adjust and make rm fr thers; the latter never give an inch t accmmdate thers. Time, like the waters rlling against nce sharp stnes, changes us by washing away ur resistance t seeing the wrld frm anther's pint f view.
I placed a runded stne int my pcket. Mther Nature is hlding class again.
24．What des the authr cmpare the rcks t?
A．Challenges that we cme acrss.B．Our abilities that grws with time.
C．Peple with varied persnalities.D．Different stages f peple's lives.
25．What des the underlined phrase "the waters f life" in Paragraph 4 mst prbably refer t?
A．The passing time that changes a persn's attitude t himself.
B．The difficult experiences that the authr encuntered in his life.
C．The natural phenmena like rain and waves that wear dwn rcks.
D．The varius life events that shape the authr's perspective n thers.
26．What caused the argument in the restaurant?
A．The guy's failing t bey the rules.B．The wner's inapprpriate attitude.
C．Misunderstanding between the tw sides.D．Lack f clarity in the sign.
27．What des the authr try t cnvey thrugh this text?
A．We shuld adjust urselves t new cnditins.
B．Be brave when in the face f difficulties in life.
C．Dn't cmprmise easily and always stick t yur principles.
D．Being adaptive and understanding brings a sense f well-being.
2.（2026·江苏省如皋中学高三上学期测试一）Chclate is a ppular snack, but the price f it cntinues t rise. Cca frm the caca tree is the basic ingredient f chclate; the trees thrive in warm and damp climates but are struggling due t increasing aridity — a slw but nn-stp drying f the land. This issue extends t prducers arund the glbe, threatening cca prductin and livelihds f farmers.
Over the past 30 years, mre than three-quarters f the Earth’s landmass has becme drier. This dryness is a lng-term transfrmatin with disastrus cnsequences fr ecsystems, agriculture, and livelihds.
Aridity arises frm human-driven factrs, including greenhuse gas emissins, unsustainable land use, and natural resurce degradatin. Climate change, primarily caused by fssil fuel cnsumptin and defrestatin, increases glbal temperatures, accelerating evapratin (蒸发) and heightening water shrtage — even in regins with mderate rainfall.
Unsustainable land use further intensifies aridity. Practices like defrestatin and industrial farming degrade sils, remving them frm prtective vegetatin and essential nutrients. In cca-prducing regins, defrestatin upsets lcal water cycles and wears away the tpsil. Degraded sils hld less water, deepening drught cnditins.
Cca is just ne crp at risk. Majr agricultural znes are als affected. By 2100, up t 5 billin peple may live in dry lands, stretching fd systems t their limit and frcing migratin. Aridity als threatens ecsystems. Wildlife struggles t adapt, and plant species suited t warm and damp cnditins fail t survive. Ecnmic lsses are verwhelming — Africa saw a 12% GDP decline frm 1990 t 2015 due t rising aridity. Gvernments face additinal burdens frm sandstrms, wildfires, and water shrtages.
While aridity’s effects are severe, they are nt entirely changeless. Restring degraded lands, imprving sil health, and adpting sustainable farming practices can help. Efficient water management, investment in renewable energy, and internatinal cperatin are essential in battling aridity.
As chclate prices hit recrd highs in early 2025 due t dry cnditins in Africa, addressing aridity is a matter f urgency. Beynd saving chclate, it’s abut preserving the planet’s ability t sustain life.
8．What’s the main reasn fr the rising price f chclate?
A．The decline f cca prductin.B．The high cst f basic ingredients.
C．The increasing demand fr chclate.D．The shrtage f cca tree plantatins.
9．What d we knw abut aridity?
A．It is mainly caused by natural factrs.
B．It nly affects cca-prducing regins.
C．It has a wide-ranging impact n varius aspects.
D．It will disappear if sustainable land use is adpted.
10．Why is Africa’s GDP decline mentined in paragraph 5?
A．T shw aridity nly causes ecnmic lsses in Africa.
B．T prve Africa is the mst severely affected by aridity.
C．T criticize Africa lacks effective measures against aridity.
D．T illustrate aridity has a significant influence n ecnmy.
11．Which f the fllwing can fight against aridity?
A．Cutting ff water supplies.B．Replacing renewable energy.
C．Prmting sil cnservatin.D．Practicing industrial farming.
3.（2026·四川省德阳天立高级中学高三上学期第一次月考）D yu lve Beats headphnes, True Religin jeans, and UGG shes? These are sme f the mst ppular brands (牌子) arund. They are als expensive. But sme experts say they are nt much better than cheaper brands.
Fr example, Jim Wilcx wrks fr Cnsumer Reprts. He tested all kinds f headphnes. He says that $80 Kss Pr headphnes prvide basically the same quality and cmfrt as Beats. S why d peple pay twice r even 10 times as much fr the httest brands?
Experts say it’s because fashinable, expensive brands send a message. Brands say “I belng” r “I can affrd it.”
Sme peple think that expensive brand names are wrth the price. They say that sme designer clthes really are tp quality and that they last lnger than cheaper brands. Sme teenagers chse t wear ppular brands because these brands make them feel gd abut themselves.
Alexandra Allam, 17, likes t buy brand-name prducts. “I’d rather spend the extra mney t get smething I knw I’ll be satisfied with,” she says. Her friend Emmy Swan agrees, saying “As lng as yu can affrd it, it seems reasnable t buy what yu want.” But nt all teenagers agree. “Spending hundreds f dllars fr designer sunglasses is stupid and unreasnable,” says Daniel Steinbrecher, 16. “It’s fake (假的) happiness.”
Peple wh are against wearing expensive brand names say that many designer brands aren’t any better. “It’s wasteful t buy things just because they are ppular,” says Edmund Williams, 15. “Yu’ll feel better if yu buy things because yu like them. If yu have extra mney t spend, it wuld be better t give it t peple in need.”
8．The example f Jim’s reprt wants t tell us _____.
A．ppular brands make peple cmfrtable
B．Kss Pr headphnes are better than Beats
C．the httest brands are f the highest quality
D．lesser-knwn brands may ffer the same quality as name brands
9．Accrding t experts, peple chse the httest brands prbably _____.
A．t shw ff
B．fr their better quality
C．fr their better designs
D．t belng t a special grup
10．What des Edmund think f expensive brands?
A．They are nt wrth the price.
B．They make him feel cnfident.
C．They need t imprve their quality.
D．They pay t much attentin t persnal likes.
11．The text is mainly abut _____.
A．hw t buy things reasnably
B．the cmpetitin between brands
C．the different values f teenagers
D．whether expensive brands are wrth high prices
4.（2026·贵州省贵阳市高三上学期8月摸底）Wmen eating alne receive pity — and free champagne (香槟酒). But there’s nthing t pity, r t praise, in a wman’s basic existence.
I eat alne at restaurants — and I d it a lt. This usually seems t make peple arund me uncmfrtable. Recently, I went t a restaurant fr dinner and mistakenly bked a table fr tw instead f ne. The chef wrking that night saw me and came t say hw srry she was that I had, in her mind, been abandned fr the evening. Befre I culd crrect her, she gave me an extra dessert fr my sadness.
I’ve never been afraid t eat alne. Wmen dn’t need encuragement t live an independent life. It is uncmfrtable t be treated like a sad, lst lamb just because smene has nt accmpanied me utside. It is neither brave nr sad fr a wman t dine alne.
In the 19th century, sme htels reserved separate dining rms called “ladies’ rdinaries” fr wmen dining alne. Int the 20th century, wmen culd be refused service at pubs r htel eating rms withut a male. Change was slw t cme. Sme restaurants maintained different frms f men-nly plicies. In 1969, Betty Friedan and sme ther wmen strmed the Oak Rm in the Plaza Htel t demand that wmen be allwed in during the male-nly lunch hurs. The restaurant sn changed its plicy — and the agitatin (骚动) inspired a wave f prtests at ther restaurants acrss the cuntry. In 1970, a federal suit and a new law required New Yrk City’s ldest saln t abandn its 116-year ban n wmen.
The scial steretype arund wmen dining alne seems t tell us: men ccupy the public and wmen the private. Dining alne hpefully pushes against that view f the wrld and expands the scial imaginatin n wmen’s autnmy.
The peple wh ffer free drinks aren’t cruel, f curse. Quite the ppsite: Thse are generus and friendly nes. But friendly r nt, it’s part f wrng understanding. And when I’m eating alne. I dn’t want t be a symbl. I’m just there t read my bk, have a middling steak and drink my free champagne in peace.
28．Why did the chef give a dessert t the authr?
A．The chef wanted t make her stay lnger.
B．The chef wrngly arranged a table fr tw.
C．The chef shwed her sympathy fr the authr.
D．The chef had t have the authr eating alne.
29．What caused wmen t fight against the plicies?
A．They wanted t have separate rms.
B．They were nt treated equally as men.
C．They hped t manage thse restaurants.
D．They were inspired by previus prtests.
30．What des the authr think f wmen dining alne?
A．It requires mre public attentin.B．It prevents wmen frm the wrld.
C．It needs bravery and encuragement.D．It raises awareness f wmen’s right.
31．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Dining Alne: a Pity fr Wmen?B．Shuld Wmen Embrace Privacy?
C．Wmen: Hw t Say N at Restaurant?D．D Eating Habits Change Wmen’s Life?
5.（2026·辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟高三上学期开学）The climate crisis may lead the human race t shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able t deal with rising glbal temperatures, a leading fssil expert has said.
Prfessr Steve Brusatte, a palaentlgist at the University f Edinburgh, suggested that the way in which ther mammals have previusly respnded t perids f climate change culd ffer an insight int humans’ future. He cmpared the ptential prblem f peple as similar t that f early hrses, which became smaller in bdy size as temperatures rse arund 55 millin years ag.
Writing in The Rise and Reign f the Mammals, Brusatte ntes that animals in warmer parts f the wrld tday are ften smaller than thse in clder areas, an eclgical principle knwn as Bergmann’s rule. “The reasns are nt entirely understd, but it is prbably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative t their vlume than bigger animals and can thus imprve the dissipatin f the extra heat,” he writes.
Brusatte said that becming smaller was “a cmmn way that mammals deal with climate change”. He added, “That’s nt t say every species f mammal wuld get smaller, but it seems t be a cmmn survival trick f mammals when temperatures rise pretty quickly. That des raise the questin: If temperatures d rise really quickly, might humans get smaller? And I think that’s certainly reasnable.”
Hwever, nt all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals t shrink. Prfessr Adrian Lister, f the Natural Histry Museum in Lndn, said the relatinship shwn by the recent human remains study is weak. “We are nt really cntrlled by natural selectin,” he said. “If that was ging t happen, yu’d need t find large peple dying befre they culd reprduce because f climate warming. That is nt happening in tday’s wrld. We wear clthes, we have gt heating, we have gt air cnditining if it is t ht.”
32．Hw d mammals cpe with climate change accrding t Brusatte?
A．Mving t clder regins.B．Reducing their bdy size.
C．Lsing their weight.D．Adapting their diet.
33．What des the underlined wrd “dissipatin” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Exchange.B．Frmatin.C．Absrptin.D．Emissin.
34．What is Adrian Lister’s attitude twards the recent study?
A．Wrried.B．Objective.C．Skeptical.D．Apprving.
35．What is the best title f this text?
A．The Threat f Climate Change t Human Survival
B．The Impact f Climate Change n Mammal Bdy Sizes
C．The Evlutinary Trends in Mammal Bdy Sizes
D．The Adaptive Strategies f Mammals t Climate Change
6.（2026·山东省高三上学期开学联考）Despite the cnvenience brught by the scial netwrk, the issue f cyberbully has becme s widespread that many individuals nw hesitate t engage in nline interactins. By next year, a significant prtin f nline cmmunicatin will invlve sme frm f harassment (骚扰). We are finally acknwledging the gravity f this issue by supprting and develping a variety f initiatives, platfrms, and strategies aimed at preventing cyberbullies frm causing harm.
Unfrtunately, ur effrts might be insufficient and t late. By the time these “slutins” becme widely accessible, cyberbullies will have adpted mre cmplex strategies. In the near future, it wn’t just be the messages yu see n yur screen that will be questinable. Sn yu will als dubt the authenticity f the prfiles yu encunter. This is due t the spreading f advanced identity manipulatin (操纵) and autmatin technlgies that are becming increasingly accessible.
These advancements are likely t fuel ur current struggles with cyberbully. The reasn cyberbully is s harmful is nt just its frequency but als its persnal nature. A decade f scial media use has resulted in a situatin where cyberbullies can easily access persnal details and use them harmfully. Armed with this infrmatin, they can carry ut targeted campaigns t harassment individuals. Fr instance, a cyberbully culd create a fake prfile that appears t be a friend and send messages that seem supprtive, tricking victims int revealing persnal infrmatin r engaging in harmful behavir. Since cyberbullies seek pwer, vulnerable (易受攻击的) individuals, especially children, will be the mst severely affected. Much f nline interactin is based n trust and mutual respect. Identity manipulatin technlgies may erde this fundatin gradually.
We need t address the vulnerability f ur nline cmmunities. Scial media platfrms and users must cperate t establish methds fr cnfirming and cmmunicating authenticity. This culd invlve develping a standardized system t authenticate user prfiles, indicating their reliability and rigins, r transitining away frm text-based cmmunicatin and twards vide-based interactins—using platfrms that can be linked t cnfirmed identities.
Trust is hard t build but easy t destry, and the challenge f maintaining a safe nline envirnment is nly ging t intensify.
32．What’s the authr’s attitude twards ur respnse t cyberbully?
A．Panicked.B．Cnfused.C．Embarrassed.D．Disappinted.
33．What des the underlined wrd “erde” prbably mean in Paragraph 3?
A．Damage.B．Strengthen.C．Preserve.D．Restre.
34．What can we infer frm the text?
A．Hnesty is the best plicy.B．Technlgies can be duble-edged.
C．There are mre slutins than prblems.D．Face t face cmmunicatin is key t trust.
35．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．The Unknwn Pwer behind CyberbullyB．Hw Cyberbully Is Affecting Technlgy
C．Where the Prblem f Cyberbully Is RtedD．The Increasingly Severe Threat f Cyberbully
7.（2026·四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟高三上学期开学联考）Are yu a lgical thinker, r wuld yu say that yu’re mre free-spirited and artistic? If yu’re the frmer, smebdy’s prbably tld yu at sme pint that yu’re a left-brained persn, and if yu’re the latter, right-brained. The idea that the right half f the brain is the creative half and the left half is the analytical (分析的) half and that ur individual characteristics are determined by which half is dminant is widespread in ppular psychlgy. Hwever, this idea is a fictin.
Althugh we all bviusly have different persnalities and talents, there’s n reasn t believe these differences can be explained by the dminance f ne half f the brain ver the ther half. Recent research using brain imaging technlgy hasn’t fund any evidence f hemispheric (脑半球的) dminance. Math, fr example, requires lgical thught and, thus, is generally said t be cnnected with the left brain. But mathematics invlves a highly creative effrt in additin t being a lgical ne. S wuld a gifted mathematician be a right-brained r a left-brained persn?
If there’s n evidence fr the fictin f right-brained and left-brained peple, why d s many peple accept it? Perhaps it just makes intuitive (直觉的) sense that peple’s brains wuld be dminant n ne side r the ther just as their hands, feet, r eyes are. It may als have smething t d with ur seemingly unlimited appetite that allws us t srt urselves (and ur friends) int “types” based n ur emtinal and intellectual characteristics.
When peple are ffered general descriptive statements that are presented as individualized descriptins f their wn persnalities, they tend t accept them as meaningful and true, especially if the statements are psitive. The “insights” they generate are bth universal and cngenial. After all, wh wuld reject a descriptin f themselves as “artistic and creative” r “reasnable and analytical”? The fictin is ppular, in the end, because it gives us a “scientific” way t talk abut ur favrite subject — urselves.
32．Which is a cmmn belief abut peple’s individual characteristics?
A．A lgical thinker is right-brained.
B．Our right brain and left brain wrk the same.
C．The right half f the brain is the analytical half.
D．The dminant half f brain determines ne’s characteristics.
33．Why des the authr mentin mathematics in paragraph 2?
A．T shw that math is a lgical subject.
B．T argue that creativity is irrelevant in analytical thinking.
C．T prve that left-brained peple are better at prblem-slving.
D．T prve persnality and talent differences aren’t due t hemispheric dminance.
34．Why d many peple believe in the left-brain/ right-brain thery?
A．This thery is widespread and ppular.
B．Scientific studies have cnfirmed its accuracy.
C．It prvides a way fr them t srt persnalities.
D．Brain imaging technlgy has shwn clear hemispheric differences.
35．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Why Left-Brained Peple Are Smarter?
B．The Science f Math: Left r Right Brain?
C．The Truth Behind Hemispheric Dminance
D．Ways t Develp Bth Lgical and Creative Thinking
1.（2026·重庆市实验外国语学校高三上学期9月月考）“Individuals f all ages wh have empathy (共情) understand that smetimes telling little white lies can prtect ther peple frm getting hurt,” says Barbara Greenberg, a clinical psychlgist in Cnnecticut. “Mst peple that I have cme acrss tell these little white lies because they understand that 100 percent hnesty all the time is nt beneficial.” A white lie, she explains, spares peple frm unnecessary hurt.
At the same time, Dr. Julia Breur, a marriage and family therapist in Flrida, emphasizes the imprtance f paying attentin t the way we respnd t smene. The fact is that nt telling the truth can result in smething unpleasant n yu; it’s nt just abut the persn the white lie is being tld t. Fr example, she says smene wh always tells thers that “all is gd” when it cmes t a sick parent in an effrt t avid discussins abut hw serius their health issue really is, can eventually face stressful experiences. When that parent eventually passes away, the persn wh always gave an “all is gd” respnse ends up emtinally brken.
Smetimes, telling white lies ften depends n the situatin, Dr. Breur says. Fr example, cnsider a wman wh has nt seen her mther fr several mnths. The daughter has gained nticeable weight, yet the mther respnds by excitedly declaring that she lks great. “I emphasize during psychtherapy sessins with my patients that cntext helps define meaning,” Dr. Breur says. “S when we lk at the cntext f a mther saying yu lk great when she clearly sees that her daughter has gained weight, it can be acceptable. It reflects the intentin f the white lie which is kindness, prtectin and uncnditinal lve. Otherwise, white lies — especially when tld t avid persnal accuntability — can start a cycle f mistrust between peple, ultimately cmprmising integrity,” she adds.
Therefre, it’s imprtant t ask urselves when it is and isn’t apprpriate t deliver the hnest truth, and when it’s best t step back and ffer a mre delicate respnse. Mre ften than nt, it’s abut finding a balance between the tw.
11．What can be learned abut white lies accrding t Barbara Greenberg?
A．They are shrt-lived.B．They are unidentifiable.
C．They are truble-making.D．They are cmmn.
12．What message des Dr. Breur deliver in paragraph 2?
A．White lies can harm bth the liars and the listeners.
B．We must respnd t ur family members truthfully.
C．It’s wrng t tell white lies t a seriusly ill parent.
D．The “all is gd” respnse is effective in dealing with patients.
13．Which f the fllwing white lies may Dr. Breur supprt?
A．A student claims his hmewrk was left at hme.
B．An emplyee blames traffic jam fr being late.
C．A Dad tells his sn their lst pet is living happily n a farm.
D．A nurse says she has t wrk vertime s as t decline an invitatin.
14．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．East r West, White Lies Are the BestB．Think Twice Befre Telling White Lies
C．White Lies Signify Uncnditinal LveD．Tell White Lies t Shw Yur Sympathy
2.（2026·湖北省荆州市高三上学期开学起点考试）When yu’re a child, making friends des nt require t much effrt. Still, as much as I lve children, I knw that they can be very mean creatures. I knw it first-hand, and as the sister t an adlescent girl, I am reminded f it ften.
But with shared rutines and mstly inncent blivin (遗忘), having the pprtunity t make friends is presented t us all the way thrugh ur frmative years. And smewhere alng the way, if we’re lucky, we can make really gd friends, wh when we reach adulthd, start t feel like ld friends.
Frm ld friends we learn hw much we grw. They’re the peple wh’ve usually witnessed everything frm ur majr accmplishments t ur insignificant mistakes, t the mments we’re least prud f. They tld us t d better and smetimes they frced us t d better. And we knw that if we’re happy with wh we’ve becme, they played a rle in that prcess.
There is a freedm that cmes with ld friends that newer friendships can smetimes fail t bring. There are n impressins t be made with peple wh knw yu well. There are few filters (过滤) t send yur thughts thrugh as yu engage in cnversatin. There is a great cmfrt that cmes with knwing that a friend has lved yu fr a lng time, and cntinues t lve yu anyway.
With ld friends there is ften great laughter abut the shared histry f yur pasts. And in yur yuth, pasts are ften filled with many playful instants but als careless chices. There is a serius recllectin f the difficult perids that yu have been thrugh. There is an understanding f hw yu came t be wh yu came t be.
With ld friends, yu realise true friendships are difficult t create and t hld nt. And the prfund gratitude that yu have fr having a friend lng enugh t call them an “ld friend”, feels wnderful.
23．What des the authr try t stress abut children’s friendship?
A．Selfishness.B．Inncence.C．Cmplexity.D．Meaninglessness.
24．Hw d “ld friends” interact accrding t paragraph 4?
A．Cmmunicate with natural ease.
B．Chse their tpics with great care.
C．Attempt t maintain a psitive image.
D．Jke abut their past errrs frequently.
25．Wh best fits the authr’s descriptin f an “ld friend”?
A．A family member cheering yu up.
B．A teenager knwing yur achievements.
C．A playmate sharing similar rutines with yu.
D．A fellw accmpanying yu thrugh yur grwth.
26．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T prpse building children’s friendship.
B．T emphasise the value f lifelng friendship.
C．T cntrast childhd and adulthd friendship.
D．T analyse hw t maintain significant friendship.
3.（2026·陕西省宝鸡市某校高三上学期第一次质检）“Individuals f all ages wh have empathy understand that smetimes telling little white lies can prtect ther peple frm getting hurt,” says Barbara Greenberg, a clinical psychlgist in Cnnecticut. “Mst peple that I have cme acrss tell these little white lies because they understand that 100% hnesty all the time is nt beneficial.” A white lie, she explains, spares peple frm unnecessary hurt.
At the same time, Dr. Juli a Breur, a marriage and family therapist in Flrida, emphasizes the imprtance f paying attentin t the way we respnd t smene. The fact is that nt telling the truth can result in smething unpleasant n yu; it’s nt just abut the persn the white lie is being tld t. Fr example, she says smene wh always tells thers that “all is gd” when it cmes t a sick parent in an effrt t avid discussins abut hw serius their health issue really is, can eventually face stressful experiences. When that parent eventually passes away, the persn wh always gave an “all is gd” respnse ends up emtinally brken.
Smetimes, telling white lies ften depends n the situatin,” Dr. Breur says. Fr example, cnsider a wman wh has nt seen her mther fr several mnths. The daughter has gained nticeable weight, yet the mther respnds by excitedly declaring that she lks great. “I emphasize dung psychtherapy sessins with my patients that cntext helps define meaning,” Dr. Breur says. “S when we lk at the cntext f a mther saying yu lk great when she clearly sees that her daughter has gained weight, it can be acceptable. It reflects the intentin f the white lie which is kindness, prtectin and uncnditinal lve Otherwise, white lies — especially when tld t avid persnal accuntability — can start a cycle f mistrust between peple, ultimately cmprmising integrity, she adds.
Therefre, it’s imprtant t ask urselves when it is and isn’t apprpriate t deliver the hnest truth, and when it’s best t step back and ffer a mre delicate respnse. Mre ften than nt, it’s abut finding a balance between the tw.
31．What can be learned abut white lies accrding t Barbara Greenberg?
A．They are shrt-lived.B．They are embarrassing.
C．They are truble-making.D．They are cmmn in peple’s life.
32．What des Dr. Breur want t tell us in Paragraph 2?
A．White lies can harm bth the liars and the listeners.
B．We must respnd t everyne we met truthfully.
C．Telling white lies is smetimes gd fr medical treatment.
D．The “all is gd” respnse is perfect in dealing with patients.
33．What is Dr. Breur’s attitude twards the mther’s practice in Paragraph 3?
A．Uncaring.B．Critical.C．Supprtive.D．Dubtful.
34．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．East r West, White Lies Are the Best.B．Think Twice Befre Yu Tell White Lies.
C．N White Lies, N Kindness.D．Believing in White Lies Makes Life Beautiful.
4.（2026·湖北省湖北省部分市州高三上学期9月调研一模）In the digital era, where scial media flds with ceaseless sharing, 26-year-ld illustratr Lina frm Hangzhu stands as a striking example. She regularly psts artwrks and travel snapshts n Instagram but seldm replies t cmments r engages in private cnversatins. “I lve sharing fragments (碎片) f my life, yet building deep cnnectins with strangers feels emtinally exhausting”, she admits. Lina’s attitude represents a grwing trend amng tday’s yuth: light scializing, a pattern that priritizes self-expressin ver intensive emtinal bnds in the virtual wrld.
Scilgist Min Li bserves that scial media, nce a hub (中心) fr develping relatinships, has changed int a “self-shwcase” platfrm fr the yunger generatin. Instead f seeking active interactins, they share cntent like scenic phts r daily rutines, with little expectatin f feedback. Actins such as casually unfllwing, blcking strangers r using 24-hur disappearing psts shw their wish t avid burdensme “emtinal labr” frm shallw virtual ties. This shift cmes frm their desire t escape verwhelming pressure frm empty digital interactins.
While critics dismiss light scializing as a sign f “emtinal cldness”, it actually reflects a thughtful adaptatin. Psychlgist Lu Chen argues that by embracing this apprach, yung peple regain cntrl ver their nline space — sharing freely withut the anxiety f meeting thers’ expectatins. Even scial platfrms have evlved t meet this need: many nw ffer “silent mdes”, such as hidden interactin recrds and ne-way psting features, acknwledging the widespread acceptance f light scializing.
In a wrld tightly bund by digital cnnectins, light scializing strikes a delicate balance between self-expressin and privacy prtectin. It is nt a refusal f scial bnds but a wise pursuit f healthier, mre autnmus nline engagement. This trend shws the yunger generatin’s maturity in safeguarding their mental well-being, representing a frward-lking and thughtful apprach t mdern scial interactins.
35．What des Lina d n scial media?
A．She nly psts artwrks.
B．She shares life but skips deep chats.
C．She never replies t cmments.
D．She fcuses n building deep nline bnds.
36．Accrding t Min Li, what has scial media becme fr yung peple nw?
A．A center fr deep relatinships.
B．A platfrm fr persnal display.
C．A tl t seek frequent interactins.
D．A space t reduce pressure by virtual ties.
37．What can we infer abut “light scializing”?
A．It encurages safe nline engagement.
B．It makes yung peple emtinally cld.
C．It relies mainly n platfrms’ silent mdes.
D．It abandns scial bnds t prtect mental health.
38．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Keep Silent Mde On
B．Keep the Digital Distance
C．Scial Media: “Self-shwcase” Platfrm
D．Emtinal Cldness: Online Life’s Secret
5.（2026·江苏省高淳高级中学月考）At ne time, ur grwing ppulatin was seen as central t wildlife extinctin, resurce exhaustin, pllutin and envirnmental destructin. But tday, ur cncerns shift t declining birth rates due t increased reprductive chice fr wmen.
This is a psitive develpment, but is ften described as a “crisis” in the media, highlighting ecnmic and senir care challenges. Lst in the cnversatin are the many psitive aspects f an aging sciety, which is the result f peple living healthier and lnger lives, and cmmn-sense realities like reduced needs fr infrastructure (基础设施) and lwer eclgical impacts. Als lst is the fact that ur ppulatin still grws by 80 millin peple every year.
And the cnsequences f high birth rates are severe. Amng them is glbal warming. In fact, increased emissins (排放) frm ppulatin grwth have canceled mre than three quarters f the emissins saved thrugh energy efficiency and renewables ver the past three decades.
Yet, n matter hw well dcumented the link between ppulatin and climate, lwering ur ppulatin is ntably absent frm the cnversatin n slutins. Instead, the fcus is n technlgy that will suppsedly allw ur entire grwing ppulatin t enjy the energy-intensive lifestyles nw enjyed by the rich, and with n climate impacts.
But “green” technlgy is nt the slutin it is advertised t be. Its expansin t the degree needed t pwer a grwing ppulatin at a decent standard f living wuld itself require a shcking investment in fssil (化石) fuels. It als requires massive mining peratins, many f which take place n the backs f lw-wage wrkers in Africa where it is driving destructin f rainfrests critical t the survival f great apes. Besides, it requires 10 times the land area as fssil fuel plants fr the same amunt f energy generated.
When glbal warming threatens t push billins int unsafe temperatures, it is n time t panic that we are adding fewer t thse billins. In fact, declining birth rates shuld be cause fr celebratin as they signify advances in gender equality and a reduced burden n Earth.
42．Hw much f the emissins saved thrugh energy efficiency and renewables has been canceled by the grwth?
A．Less than halfB．Abut tw-thirdsC．Mre than three quartersD．Nearly 90 percent
43．Why des the authr believe declining birth rates shuld be celebrated?
A．They immediately reduce carbn emissins
B．They reflect gender equality prgress and reduce Earth’s burden
C．They slve pensin system challenges cmpletely
D．They make green technlgy investments unnecessary
44．The authr mentins “mining peratins in Africa” primarily t: ________.
A．Highlight the glbal cperatin needed fr green technlgy
B．Expse the hidden envirnmental csts f renewable energy expansin
C．Advcate fr better wrking cnditins in develping cuntries
D．Cmpare energy prductin methds between cntinents
45．The authr’s attitude tward “green technlgy” as a slutin can best be described as:
A．Strngly supprtiveB．Cmpletely neutralC．Skeptical and criticalD．Cautiusly ptimistic
6.When I was a teenager, my parents were never interested in the music I liked. They said it sunded like "a lt f nise". At the same time, my father regularly described the music that he liked as "beautiful".
As it turns ut, my father is nt alne. As I’ve grwn lder, I’ve ften heard peple my age say, "Tday’s music is terrible." Why d many ld peple just dislike new music?
The mere expsure effect may explain this. It means the mre familiar we are with smething, the mre likely we are t prefer it. When we are in ur early teens, we usually spend a lt f time listening t music and discussing it with ur friends. The sngs and artists that are ppular during this time becme familiar t us. After we turn 30 years ld, wrking and raising a family take up mst f ur time. Instead f discvering new music, we listen t ld favrites that cnnect us t a simpler time. Studies shw that by the time they turn 33 years ld, mst peple have cmpletely stpped explring new music.
But I think there is anther explanatin fr why lder peple dn’t like new music. Mst ppular music, after all, is nt written fr them. It is made fr yung peple. Punk, rap, hip-hp, heavy metal, and many ther types f music began as yuthful rebellins (叛逆) against ut-f-date ways f ding things. They naturally attract yunger audiences.
D yur parents hate the music yu like, t? Nw, after reading this article, yu knw that there is nthing wrng with that.
Chse the best answer.
50．When the authr was a teenager, his parents described the music he liked as “_________”.
A．beautifulB．nisyC．rdinaryD．ut-f-date
51．As the authr grws lder, he realizes that_________.
A．nly his father dislikes new music.
B．many ld peple dislike new music.
C．many yung peple als dislike new music.
D．tday’s music has becme wrse and wrse.
52．Which f the fllwing charts crrectly shws the mere expsure effect?
A．B．
C．D．
53．Accrding t the article, what happens t mst peple’s music explratin habits by the age f 33?
A．They start explring different music styles mre widely.
B．They usually stp discvering new music.
C．They prefer listening t music frm ther cultures.
D．They frequently g t live cncerts t find new music.
54．Accrding t the article, why d mdern music such as punk, rap, and heavy metal typically attract yunger peple rather than lder nes?
A．Yung peple usually have an pen attitude twards new things and lder individuals tend t be mre traditinal.
B．These music styles ften invlve technical innvatins, which yunger peple are mre adaptable t.
C．These music styles started as yung peple’s way f challenging ld rules, making them mre appealing t the yuth.
D．Yung peple can hear high sunds better, and these music styles have a lt f high sunds.
7.（2026·湖北省武汉市部分高中高三上学期九月调研）Quick: what’s yur best friend’s phne number? Dn’t feel bad if yu culdn’t answer ff the tp f yur head. Yu have n reasn t cmmit phne numbers t memry: it’s just there in yur phne. Or perhaps yu nce had a phne bk t stre them. In either case, an bject des the remembering fr yu.
“Prsthetic memry” (人工记忆) is nthing new. Writing itself has been a means f string infrmatin. Yet the infrmatin revlutin has generated mre data than ever befre. We are flded with infrmatin. We’re creating mre f it, and keeping mre f it, The strage capacity f the human brain has since been eclipsed. N wnder, then, that we’re increasingly dependent n memry prstheses, frm libraries t smartphnes.
Nt everyne thinks this trend in external memry is gd. Histrically, memry prstheses were expensive. As technlgies such as printing and phtgraphy becme mre affrdable, sharing experiences with thers is easier than ever. S every breakfast, every sunset, every encunter with a cat finds its way n t scial media. And here cmes the wrry. When we devte urselves t capturing and sharing the wrld in this way, smething immensely valuable is lst; when recrding s much f ur lives, we’re frgetting t actually live them. We put smething between urselves and the wrld-a camera-instead f just being in the mment, and s discnnect urselves frm experience.
But is ur scial media-driven transfrmatin whlly bad? If we’re still creating and sharing memries like this, perhaps this is because we’ve nt had sufficient time t learn hw t d these things withut thinking abut what we’re ding. It is easy t ignre that the mass scial media era is less than a decade ld. That’s just a shrt blink (眨眼)in human histry, yet it has ttally changed hw we live. I suspect we’re nt far ff frm being directly faced with experience yet with the ability t share experience in ways less bunded by gegraphy and time. After all, technlgy can d what ur fragile meat-cmputers can’t: prtect all the mments f a life that wuld therwise be lst.
1．What can be inferred frm paragraph 1?
A．We rely mre n tls t memrize.B．We are burdened with phne numbers.
C．Technlgy weakens ur brains.D．Technlgy distances us frm ur friends.
2．What des the underlined wrd “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Imprved.B．Outperfrmed.C．Restricted.D．Undervalued.
3．What negative effect des nline sharing bring abut?
A．An verflw f psts.B．High cst f digital devices.
C．Addictin t the virtual wrld.D．Disregard fr authentic experience.
4．What des the authr advise us t d in the last paragraph?
A．Have faith in human brains.B．Take time t adapt t digital age.
C．Quicken the pace f develpment.D．Make effrts t enhance memry.
8.（2026·云南省昆明市第十二中学教育集团高三上学期开学检测）Years ag I spke with a 16-year-ld girl wh was cnsidering the idea f having a cmputer cmpanin in the future, and she described the upside t me. It’s nt that the rbt she had imagined was s inspiring. It’s that she had already fund peple t be s disappinting. And nw, fr the first time, she explained t me, peple have ptins. Back then I thught her cmments seemed prescient (预见未来的). Nw I find them timely.
This girl had grwn up in a time when cnversatinal machines were presented as empathy devices that culd understand her. And s it seemed natural t her that ther machines wuld expand the range f cnversatin. But there is smething she may have been t yung t understand r like a lt f us, tend t frget when we talk t machines. These rbts can perfrm empathy in a cnversatin abut yur friend, yur mther, r yur child, but they have n experience f any f these relatinships. Their cnversatins abut life ccupy the realm f the as-if.
In ur manufacturing and marketing f these machines, we encurage children t develp an emtinal tie that is sure t lead t an empathetic dead end. On tp f this, it has becme fashinable fr psychlgists t criticize empathy, a unique frm f human cnnectin, just at a time when we are starting relatinships with bjects with nne t give. The cincidence is t cnvenient. Children will lse the ability t have empathy if they relate t cnsistently with bjects that cannt frm empathetic ties.
Technlgy challenges us t lk at ur human values. We can try t use technlgy t cure Parkinsn’s r Alzheimer’s, which wuld be a blessing, but that blessing is nt a reasn t mve frm artificial brain enhancement t artificial intimacy (亲密).
And yet that is the kind f talk that ne hears these days. The narrative begins with the idea that cmpassinate rbts wuld be “better than nthing”, better because there aren’t enugh peple t teach, lve, and tend t peple. But that idea quickly shifts int anther: rbts wuld be better than almst anything. Unlike peple, they wuld nt abandn yu r get sick and die. They might nt be capable f lve, but they wn’t break yur heart.
Frm better than nthing t better than anything. These are statins n ur vyage t frgetting what it means t be human. But the frgetting begins lng befre we have a rbt cmpanin in place; it begins when we even think f putting ne in place. T build the rbts, we must first rebuild urselves as peple ready t be their cmpanins.
Being human tday is abut the struggle t remain genuinely empathetic. Ourselves—t remember why it matters, t remember what we cherish. These days, t be human is t keep ne’s mind n the glry that ne is.
1．Why des the authr mentin the 16-year-ld girl?
A．T uncver a prblem.B．T evaluate a cmment.
C．T prvide an example.D．T intrduce a tpic.
2．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3?
A．Technlgy unexpectedly advances empathy studies.
B．Psychlgists accidentally ignre the needs f children.
C．The criticism f empathy is scientifically valid but prly timed.
D．The tech industries may benefit frm the timing f psychlgical cycles.
3．Which f the fllwing statements might the authr agree with?
A．Technlgical prgress clarifies human values thrugh challenges.
B．Artificial intimacy reflects technlgical prgress yet threatens empathy.
C．Future technlgies like AI cmpanins require stricter mral regulatins.
D．Technlgy’s medical benefits justify its applicatin in emtinal dmains.
4．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Empathy at Risk: Psychlgy’s New Frntier
B．Faking Intimacy: When Machines Decrease Our Humanity
C．Why Humans Prefer Rbts: An Analysis f Scial Failure
D．The Rise f Rbt Cmpanins: A Technlgical Revlutin
9.（2026·广东省四会市华侨中学高三上学期第二次月考）S lng as teachers fail t distinguish between teaching and learning, they will cntinue t undertake t d fr children that which nly children can d fr themselves. Teaching children t read is nt passing reading n t them. It is certainly nt endless hurs spent in activities abut reading. Duglas insists that “reading cannt be taught directly and schls shuld stp trying t d the impssible”.
Teaching and learning are tw entirely different prcesses. They differ in kind and functin. The functin f teaching is t create the cnditins and the climate that will make it pssible fr children t devise the mst efficient system fr teaching themselves t read. Teaching is als public activity. It can be seen and bserved.
Learning t read invlves all that each individual des t make sense f the wrld f printed language. Almst all f it is private, fr learning is an ccupatin f the mind, and that prcess is nt pen t public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner rles are nt interchangeable ,what then can be dne thrugh teaching that will aid the child in the quest (探索) fr knwledge? Smith has ne principal rule fr all teaching instructins. “Make learning t read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjyable and frequent experience fr children.”
When the rles f teacher and learner are seen fr what they are, and when bth teacher and learner fulfill them apprpriately, then much f the pressure and feeling f failure fr bth is eliminated. Learning t read is made easier when teachers create an envirnment where children are given the pprtunity t slve the prblem f learning t read by reading.
1．The prblem with the reading curse as mentined in the first paragraph is that ________.
A．t much time is spent in teaching abut reading
B．students spend endless hurs in reading
C．reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D．it is ne f the mst difficult schl curses
2．The teaching f reading will be successful if ________.
A．teachers can imprve cnditins at schl fr the students
B．teachers can devise the mst efficient system fr reading
C．teachers can enable students t develp their wn way f reading
D．teachers can make their teaching activities bservable
3．The underlined wrd “scrutiny” mst prbably means “________”.
A．inquiryB．cntrl
C．bservatinD．suspicin
4．Accrding t the passage, learning t read will n lnger be a difficult task when ________.
A．teacher and learner rles are interchangeable
B．children becme highly mtivated
C．teaching helps children in the search fr knwledge
D．reading enriches children’s experience
5．The main idea f the passage is that ________.
A．teachers shuld d as little as pssible in helping students learn t read
B．teachers shuld encurage students t read as widely as pssible
C．reading is mre cmplicated than generally believed
D．reading ability is smething acquired rather than taught
10.（2026·四川省广安中学高三上学期“零诊”模拟）Befre 2022, there was barely a whisper abut it. Nw the cncept f “fd nise” seems t be everywhere n scial media: a quick TikTk search, fr instance, finds that vides related t “fd nise explained” attracted 1.8 billin views as f this summer. Cined t name the experience f thinking abut fd, lnging fr fd, planning ur next meal and s n, “fd nise” describes sme f the mst basic human drives: hunger, appetite, lnging. But nw these are being seen as prblems, rather than features. We shuld resist this definitin.
T call smething nise is t g beynd describing it: It’s t prve the nrmative claim that simply lving fd, letting fd ccupy ur thughts and respnding t ur hunger is suspect. It isn’t.
The pleasure we take frm fd is an imprtant human gd. Fd cnnects us t urselves, and with each ther, and there is real harm in teaching peple t view the pleasure they take frm such fare as a prblem. Famed English fd writer Nigell Lawsn earlier this year wrte in a pst that she “culdn’t bear t live withut fd nise”. One cmmenter respnded in agreement “I believe it is called ‘fd music’”
Sme peple wh identify with the term “fd nise” experience genuinely intense fd thughts, as well as engaging in harmful behavirs such as bingeing (大吃大喝), But accrding t experts, these prblems are ften rted in restrictin. In ther wrds, fd nise is what may happen when yu’re nt eating enugh t satisfy yur appetite, ften under the pressures f diet culture, by nrmalizing restrictive eating.
And fr any f us, the jy and pleasure and cmfrt f fd shuld nt be discunted. We need t eat t live, f curse, but it ges beynd that; t live t eat has lng given many f us meaning and cmmunity as well as sustenance. Fd nise shuld nt be treated as a prblem. Rather, we might call it “fd music”, and dance t it.
1．What attitude des “fd nise” shw twards fd?
A．Negative.B．Psitive.C．Neutral.D．Indifferent.
2．Which f the fllwing statements will the cmmenter agree with?
A．The desire fr fd is annying.B．Peple have lst interest in fd.
C．Dinner with music can increase appetite.D．A gd appetite desn’t bring abut guilt.
3．What des the diet culture mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Peple shuld have healthy diets.B．Peple shuld limit their fd intake.
C．Peple shuld nrmalize their eating habits.D．Peple shuld avid harmful bingeing.
4．What des the authr think f fd nise?
A．It may cntribute t building cmmunities.B．It can help us handle fd prblems.
C．It shuld be accepted with jy.D．It hardly gives meaning t ur lives.
11.（2025·福建省福州市鼓楼区福州第一中学高三开学）Lk! A plar bear is lying lifeless n a beach. On the shre, in the backgrund, stand three guards, talking t each ther. One f them has a weapn hanging casually n his shulder. This pwerful image has thrwn int questin the mtivatin fr this kind f turism, r ecturism. Des ur prximity (接近) t large animals in the wild, frequently fueled by a desire fr sensatinal images, lead t such animals becming accustmed t human cntact? If that is the case, surely the lsing side will end up paying the ultimate price fr such prximity.
T my srrw, I have recently returned frm a trip t Svalbard, and indeed std tw weeks ag n the very beach where the bear was sht. The bear’s death shuld never have happened. Was the beach examined frm the ship ffshre befrehand? Was there access t flares (照明弹) t scare ff a bear that appeared suddenly? These are standard measures fr any respected peratr. The incident is prbably the result f a terrible systemic failure.
Nevertheless, the incident shuld nt negate the value f ecturism. In its best frm, this kind f travel has very little impact, r indeed has a psitive effect, n the envirnment where it takes place. This can be by making financial dnatins t cnservatin grups, prviding incme t lcal cmmunities, r ensuring prtectin f certain areas r animals. In Svalbard, visitrs becme ambassadrs fr the endangered plar bear, increasing awareness f the fact that the far greater danger facing them is sea-ice melt in the Arctic Ocean.
Ecturism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges t the regins arund the wrld in which it perates. Simply clsing ff these regins is nt the answer.
1．Why did the plar bear die?
A．It was prbably hunted fr its fur.B．It was accidentally killed by flares.
C．Standard safety prcedures were nt fllwed.D．The beach lacked safety devices.
2．What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A．Psitive ecturism.B．Financial dnatins.
C．Rising awareness abut danger.D．Creatin f jbs fr lcals.
3．What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?
A．The guards failed t prevent prblems.
B．Better methds fr cnducting ecturism are needed.
C．Ecturism clearly benefits the envirnment.
D．Safety measures are weak.
4．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T cause readers t fcus n plar bears.
B．T encurage readers t reflect n ecturism.
C．T stress side effects that ecturism has caused.
D．T analyze why the plar bear was killed.
12.（2026·河南省高三上学期9月联考）Until a few weeks ag, I relied n restaurant hygiene (卫生) ratings. The scre ranges frm 0 t 5, where 0 indicates urgent imprvement is required. Yet, the BBC revealed sme businesses misrepresent their hygiene scres, psting a 5 when their ratings are as lw as 0. The signal f hygiene I relied n wasn’t always reliable.
This incident represents smething lder: Deceptin (欺骗) thrugh misrepresentatin gradually weakens trust. As with any scial behavir, when ill behavirs are successful, they tend t spread, because peple cpy behavirs assciated with success. Over time, this may harm the shared signals n which sciety depends.
Research in bilgy and scilgy highlights hw. Animals signal infrmatin t thers abut themselves, but sme animals cheat. Cuck chicks, fr instance, mdel after the sund f the yung f ther birds t trick adult birds int feeding them. Amng humans, technlgical imprvements allw us t misrepresent ur intentins and identities in many ways. This can include pretending wh we are in digital interactins by stealing frm peple nline withut ever meeting them. We share a lt f qualities with cucks: Anyne can be anyne in the digital age.
Luckily fr us, we have fund ways t slve prblems with trust thrughut ur histry. We learn t recgnize patterns f behavir indicative f deceptin, and just as the tricks fr deceptin spread, s d the methds fr detecting it, whether thse invlve passwrds, face r vice recgnitin, r any f the new technlgies being develped. We have accrdingly established laws that fine r punish lawbreakers r wrngders.
What matters fr maintaining trust is the reliability f the signals we use in cmmunicatin. What we need is a mechanism fr determining reliability: Whether peple r places can be trusted t d what we expect f them. This is dne bth thrugh effective plicing and thrugh educating urselves abut hw t avid unreliable peple, places and things. If I can trust that hygiene ratings are reliable, then I can use the scre as a signal t drive my behavir.
1．What des the underlined phrase “the shared signals” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Scial refrms.B．Agreed beliefs.
C．Cpied behavirs.D．Accurate representatins.
2．What is the authr’s purpse in mentining cuck chicks?
A．T illustrate a deceptin in nature.
B．T put bilgical research int use.
C．T give an example f animals’ feeding.
D．T cmpare the behavirs f different birds.
3．Why d we need a system accrding t paragraph 5?
A．T educate the public.B．T drive peple’s actin.
C．T cnduct effective plicing.D．T guarantee trustwrthiness.
4．What may be the best title fr the text?
A．The Wearing Away f Trust
B．What Technlgies Rid Us f
C．The Cruel Fact f the Hygiene
D．Where the Missing Signal Escapes
13.（2026·浙江省杭州高级中学高三上学期开学检测）Nt t lng ag, n a cld winter night, there was a teenager wh wanted mre screen time and a parent wh said n. The teenager was advcating fr her right t scrll (刷屏) fr an extra 30 minutes. The parent argued that nne f her friends’ parents let them have screens after 9 ’clck. “I thught, in this family, we dn’t cmpare urselves with ther peple, Dad?” the teenager replied. The parent — wh was me, by the way — just gt served. Since they were yung, I have tld my kids nt t cmpare themselves with ther peple. I have argued cuntless times that cmparisns are the “thief f jy”.
Althugh my daughter didn’t win, she did help expse ne f the wrst pieces f advice I have ever given. In my defence, I did what we’ve all dne befre, which is t repeat received wisdm withut explring the fine differences. But nw is the time t set the recrd straight, which starts with questining the idea that all scial cmparisn is unhealthy.
Scial cmparisns d, f curse, ften get us int emtinal truble. But they can be harnessed (利用) fr ur betterment if we understand hw they wrk. The scial cmparisns we make — nes that lead us t feel gd r bad abut urselves — are vital t ur ability t thrive (成长). Science prvides a guide we can use t harness the way we perfrm these cmparisns t reduce their negative emtinal impacts.
Cmparing yurself with smene wh is utperfrming yu culd result in feelings f envy if yu fcus n the things they have and yu dn’t, r it can be energizing and inspiring if yu use these cmparisns as a surce f mtivatin, fr example, “If they can achieve that, s can I.” Cmparing yurself with smene wh is ding wrse than yu culd result in fear and wrry if yu think abut hw yu culd fall int similar circumstances, r it can draw ut feelings f gratitude and appreciatin if yu use that cmparisn t braden yur views—fr example, “Ww, things culd be much wrse; I’m ding great.”
What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances. Hw we feel abut urselves rests nt just n whm we cmpare urselves with but als n hw we think abut that cmparisn. That’s smething we all have cntrl ver.
1．Hw did the authr feel abut his daughter’s argument?
A．Excited.B．Inspired.C．Energized.D．Relieved.
2．Accrding t the passage, which best explains why scial cmparisns can be beneficial?
A．They help peple avid emtinal truble cmpletely.
B．They prvide mtivatin when viewed frm a psitive angle.
C．They allw peple t cntrl thers’ pinins effectively.
D．They eliminate the fear f falling behind thers permanently.
3．Which f the fllwing scial cmparisn examples wuld the authr mst likely agree with?
A．A student wh stps checking classmates’ test scres t avid feeling bad.
B．An emplyee wh feels discuraged after seeing a clleague’s prmtin.
C．A fitness enthusiast wh uses a prfessinal athlete’s training rutine as inspiratin t imprve their wn wrkuts.
D．A persn wh frequently cmpares their lifestyle with influencers’ selected psts n scial media.
4．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Cmparing Ourselves with Others Can Becme a Healthy Habit
B．Cmparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties
C．Scial Cmparisns Can Get Us int Emtinal Truble
D．Scial Cmparisns Can Be Cntrlled by Science
14.（2026·河南省南阳市南阳市六校开学考试高三上学期开学）We live in a culture crazy abut gals. We're tld that success depends n dreaming big and pursuing unceasingly. But what if that mindset is quietly stealing yur jy? I’m nt against gals. I’ve pursued plenty f big nes myself. But I’ve learned that when we treat gals as the nly measure f meaning, we risk spending mst f ur lives ding things we dn’t enjy.
We shuld welcme gals int ur lives — but hlding them lightly. It means letting gals guide us, but nt define us. It means caring less abut whether we reach the finish line, and mre abut whether we're enjying the run.
Take my experience writing a bk. My big gal was t get traditinally published. That gal sent me in a directin, but the real magic was in the day-t-day writing, refining my prpsal, wrking with an agent, and querying publishers. I genuinely enjyed all f it. And because I wasn’t attached t the utcme, I culd fcus n the prcess. Gals help us aim ur purpse like a cmpass, nt a cntract. They get us mving. But they dn’t have t be the nly reasn we keep ging.
Smetimes the best utcmes aren’t the nes we planned. Back t my bk jurney: Sure, I wanted t get published. But alng the way, smething unexpected happened. I met incredible peple — fellw writers, pdcasters (播客), and editrs. One cnnectin led t an invitatin t be n a pdcast. Anther intrduced me t a writing grup. Nne f that was n the riginal gal list. But all f it made my life better. This is the underrated gift f gals — new relatinships, new skills, new insights. These happy side effects are ften mre rewarding than the riginal achievement.
Shuld Yu Set Gals? Abslutely. Just dn’t make them yur identity. Be bld enugh t dream, but humble enugh t adapt. Be fcused enugh t mve frward, but flexible enugh t enjy the challenges. Because the gal isn't the destinatin. The gal is the invitatin. It invites yu t live with intentin.
1．What is the prblem with ur culture’s addictin t gals?
A．Gals are irrelevant t persnal success.
B．Gals shuld be pursued withut distractins.
C．Only grand gals are wrth pursuing.
D．Fcusing slely n gals reduces happiness.
2．What des the authr mean by “hlding gals lightly”?
A．Appraching gals with flexibility.
B．Setting achievable gals nly.
C．Dismissing gals as unimprtant.
D．Priritizing utcmes ver the prcess.
3．Hw did the authr find his bk jurney?
A．Stressful.B．Demanding.C．Awkward.D．Rewarding.
4．What advice des the authr give abut setting gals?
A．Set gals and stick t them.
B．Dream big but remain adaptable.
C．Face challenges and learn frm them.
D．Stay ambitius but be pen t change.
15.（2026·河北省唐山市玉田县爱英才联考高三上学期开学）In my daily life, friends will share their latest attempts t feel better: a quiet place that prmises t rewire their nervus system, and an emtinal detx (排毒) that makes them feel relaxed. But d they actually have the effects they claim t have?
The wrld is increasingly fast. The pace f mdern life leaves little space t feel, let alne feel kay. S we reach fr whatever prmises a mment's relief frm the chas. But the mre I listen, the mre I ntice smething we rarely name: We've started treating emtinal well-being like a luxury prduct. Nt a state f mind. Nt a birthright. But a purchase.
Therefre, the glbal wellness industry is mushrming. But what it's really selling isn't vitamin ccktails r mindfulness curses r custmized getaways. It's a stry. A stry we've all internalized, whether we realize it r nt. It begins by cnvincing us that the wrld is t much t handle. The cnstant sense f urgency, the sense that we're always falling behind, and the endless created lives nline—calm, fcused, in cntrl—leave us feeling unable t cntrl ur lives. In such an envirnment, we'll definitely seek relief when we're verwhelmed.
Psychlgists call this the affective frecasting errr. This is the tendency t verestimate hw much a future actin r purchase will imprve ur emtinal state. We believe the next thing will finally make us feel kay. But the calm never lasts, s we keep searching fr mre. And in the prcess, we lse tuch with smething vital: the belief that we are capable f hlding ur wn emtins.
S, the real wrk is nt t chase a cure but t remember what we already knw: That feeling kay is a fragile (易碎的) and human thing. It's nt smething we build with better tls but smething we tuch in unguarded mments. And maybe the basic act f all is t accept that smetimes we wn't feel kay. And n prduct, service, r practice will change that. That is part f what it means t be whlly human.
1．Why des the authr mentin his friends' attempts?
A．T present the tpic.B．T list ways t feel better.
C．T shw the results f a study.D．T cmpare friends' preferences.
2．Why des the wellness industry grw s fast?
A．Peple priritize physical health.B．Peple view well-being as a human right.
C．Peple are eager t try innvatins in health.D．Peple struggle t handle mdern pressures.
3．What is an example f “affective frecasting errr”?
A．Seeking lasting inner peace.
B．Planning ahead fr future life.
C．Trying a free app fr ccasinal relaxatin.
D．Believing a new phne guarantees lasting happiness.
4．What des the authr advise peple t d when they feel pressured?
A．Turn t psychlgists fr help.B．Accept them as they are.
C．Equip themselves with better tls.D．Pursue whleness as a human.
16.（2026·河北省保定市部分高中高三上学期开学）Scial media is a huge part f mdern teenage life, ffering amazing cnnectin but als risking mental health. While sme praise its pwer t build cmmunities and encurage self-expressin, its negative effects are t serius t ignre, requiring us t seriusly rethink its rle.
On the ne hand, scial media prvides a vital space fr yung peple, especially thse frm marginalized (边缘化的) grups, t find supprt and share experiences. It makes it easier t access infrmatin and learn abut different views. Fr many, it is als an imprtant utlet fr creativity, which can build cnfidence and a sense f belnging. The ability t keep friendships with peple far away is anther clear benefit.
Hwever, the negative impacts ften seem greater. The main danger is the “perfect life” ften shwn nline. Seeing endless perfect images and lifestyles fuels scial cmparisn, leading t feelings f inadequacy, anxiety, and depressin. The cnstant chase fr “likes” makes a persn’s self-wrth depend n public apprval, creating huge pressure. Furthermre, cyberbullying (网络欺凌) can cause deep and lasting psychlgical harm. Sleep prblems frm late-night scrlling and the addictive design f the apps wrsen these issues, harming emtinal cntrl during key stages f grwth.
Therefre, while scial media’s pwer t cnnect is clear, its current design is a serius threat t yuth mental health. The platfrms are built t maximize engagement, ften at the cst f well-being, making scial pressures and unrealistic expectatins wrse. The prven increase in anxiety and depressin amng heavy users highlights this crisis. Acknwledging the benefits is nt enugh; we must actively reduce the harm. This means teaching yung users the skills t navigate (浏览) the digital wrld safely and healthily, s they dn’t becme victims f its darker side.
1．What is mentined as a psitive functin f scial media?
A．Offering identity explratin spaces.B．Reducing sleep quality significantly.
C．Increasing face-t-face interactins.D．Remving scial barriers cmpletely.
2．Why des the authr mentin the chase fr “likes”?
A．T shw it builds self-esteem.B．T highlight its mtivatinal rle.
C．T criticize its link t self-wrth.D．T suggest remving all feedback.
3．What des the text imply abut platfrm design?
A．It priritizes user privacy.B．It seeks engagement ver well-being.
C．It fcuses n educatinal gals.D．It is designed by mental health experts.
4．Which title best summarizes the text?
A．A Guide t Safe Internet Use
B．The Rise f Digital Cmmunities
C．Hw t Build Cnfidence Online
D．Scial Media: A Duble-Edged Swrd fr Teens
17.（2026·重庆市巴蜀中学校高三上学期8月开学）Anyne wh has taken a standardized test knws that writing an essay in 20 minutes r less takes serius brain pwer. Having access t artificial intelligence (AI) wuld certainly lighten the mental lad. But as a recent study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) suggests, that help may cme at a cst.
Over the curse f a series f essay-writing sessins, students wrking with as well as withut an AI chatbt had their brain activity measured. Acrss the bard, the AI users exhibited markedly lwer brain activity in areas assciated with creative functins and attentin.
Whether AI will leave peple’s brains weak in the lng term remains an pen questin. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further wrk is needed t establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and fcused n a single narrw task.
Mrever, generative-AI tls clearly seek t lighten peple’s mental lads, as many ther technlgies d. Cncerns abut this kind f fflading aren’t new. As lng ag as the 5th century BC, Scrates was quted as cmplaining that writing is nt “a ptin(神药) fr remembering, but fr reminding”. Calculatrs spare cashiers frm cmputing a bill. Navigatin apps remve the need fr map-reading. And yet few wuld argue that peple are less capable as a result.
There is little evidence t suggest that letting machines handle users’ mental tasks alters the brain’s capacity fr thinking. But the wrry is that generative AI allws ne t fflad a thught prcess. And nce the brain has develped a taste fr fflading, it can be a hard habit t kick. As ne user put it, “I rely s much n AI that I dn’t think I’d knw hw t slve certain prblems withut it.”
The technlgy is s yung that, fr many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tl in the tlkit. But in time bth the cnsumers f AI and its regulatrs will have t assess whether its wider benefits utweigh any cgnitive (认知) csts. If strnger evidence emerges that AI makes peple less intelligent, will they care?
1．What des paragraph 3 emphasize abut the MIT study?
A．The prcedures it fllwed.
B．The limitatins in its design.
C．The cnclusin it has drawn.
D．The diversity amng its participants.
2．Accrding t Scrates, what negative cnsequence culd writing have?
A．Peple wuld avid using reminders.
B．Peple wuld stp thinking independently.
C．Peple wuld rely less n their wn memry.
D．Peple wuld care less abut the spken wrd.
3．What pint des the user’s remark in paragraph 5 illustrate?
A．AI can change users’ mental capacity.
B．AI is nt widely available t the public.
C．AI can encurage users’ mental laziness.
D．AI is nt capable f slving every prblem.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Will AI Make Yu Stupid?
B．Hw AI Lets Yu Offlad Tasks
C．Why AI Affects Yur Thinking Abilities
D．Is AI a Mental Shrtcut Yu Can Easily Quit?
18.（2026·重庆市巴蜀中学校高三上学期8月开学考试）When yu see smene absrbed in a highbrw nvel n the train r psing with a philsphical vlume n scial media, yu shuldn’t autmatically assume they are reading the bk.
It’s knwn as “perfrmative reading” as the “reader” wants “everyne t knw” they read, wrte Alaina Dempuls in The Guardian. They’re signalling they have the “taste and attentin span” t “pick up a physical bk”.
The phenmenn has its rts in 2021, when a bm in bk clubs led by celebrities alng with “BkTk”, the sectin f TikTk dedicated t prmting and discussing cmmercial fictin, turned favured bks int a “trend-driven accessry”, said Sarah Manavis in The New Statesman.
BkTk is seen as perfrmative, with “trendy bks” ging viral nt because f the “quality f the literature” but because it suggests an “increasingly fashinable, intellectual-lking style”. And when reading becmes a cmpetitin, with “cuntless users shwing ff” abut having read mre than 35 bks in a single mnth, suppsedly, quality takes a backseat t “demnstrating yurself t be a vracius ‘reader’.”
Scial psturing thrugh bks isn’t new. What is new is the “uniquely unaplgetic” way scial media “rubber-stamps” the idea f bks as “an accessry, rather than an art”. And there’s a danger it culd lead t publishers fcusing their effrts n bks that are “feed-friendly”.
But the incnvenient truth is that the virality f literature has led t an uptick in bk sales. In 2023, 669 millin physical bks were sld, the highest verall level ever recrded, alng with an increase f visits t UK libraries.
One f life’s “simplest pleasures” remains “falling int a stry” and “tuning the wrld ut”, withut “wrrying abut what smene’s ging t think f yu”, said Dempuls. Enjy the stry. Many peple are still ding exactly that, s rather than “finger-wagging” abut perfrmative reading, next time yu see smene with a bk at a cffee shp r the park, just leave them alne, because “this is nt fr yu”, they’re simply “enjying the mment”.
1．Why d sme peple engage in perfrmative reading?
A．T ppularize bk clubs.
B．T prmte reading habits.
C．T imprve their scial image.
D．T stress the imprtance f literature.
2．What des the underlined wrd “vracius” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Slw.B．Eager.C．Selective.D．Occasinal.
3．What risk des turning bks int accessries create?
A．Online reading culd take ver.
B．Physical bk sales will decline.
C．Bk clubs may becme exclusive.
D．Meaningful cntent might get sidelined.
4．Accrding t Dempuls, thse wh read in public shuld be .
A．urged t read privately
B．guided t select better materials
C．discuraged frm psting nline
D．respected withut direct interventin
19.（2026·福建省福州市高三上学期第一次质量检测）Can yu tell fact frm fictin nline? In a digital wrld, few questins are mre challenging than fighting misinfrmatin. As an educatin researcher and frmer high schl histry teacher, I knw that histry class can stimulate critical thinking — but nly if teachers and schls understand what it really means.
Sme might cnsider critical thinking an ability that teachers can encurage. Or they might be referring t specific skills — fr instance, that students shuld learn a set f steps t take t assess infrmatin nline. Cgnitive (认知的) scientists see critical thinking as a specific kind f reasning that invlves prblem-slving and making sund judgments. It can be learned, but it relies n specific cntent knwledge.
Since cntext is key t critical thinking, learning t analyze infrmatin abut current events likely requires knwledge abut plitics and histry, as well as practice at tracing surces. Frtunately, that is what scial studies classes are fr.
Scial studies researchers ften describe this kind f critical thinking as “histrical thinking”: a way t evaluate evidence abut the past and assess its reliability. In scial studies classrm students can make relatively quick prgress n sme f the surface features f histrical thinking, such as learning t check a text’s date and authr.
Scial studies classrms can als build what researchers call “civic nline reasning.” Fact-checking is cmplex. It is nt enugh t tell yung peple that they shuld be careful nline, r t trust sites that end in “.rg” instead f “.cm.” Rather than learning general principles abut nline media, civic nline reasning teaches students specific skills fr evaluating infrmatin abut plitics and scial issues.
Therefre, the slutin lies nt in teaching critical thinking as a separate skill, but in preserving and strengthening traditinal scial studies educatin that cmbines backgrund knwledge with analytical capabilities. Only then can we effectively prepare students t distinguish truth frm fictin in ur digital wrld.
1．Hw des the writer view critical thinking?
A．It naturally develps ver time.B．It is a kind f step-by-step learning.
C．It is a frm f cntent-based reasning.D．It imprves with teachers’ encuragement.
2．Why can scial studies encurage critical thinking?
A．They fcus n past evidence.B．They questin general principles.
C．They develp fact-checking skills.D．They prvide trustwrthy websites.
3．Which can be cnsidered “civic nline reasning” accrding t the text?
A．Trusting nline news withut tracing surces.
B．Assessing public matters via fact-checking.
C．Dismissing scial media as unreliable.
D．Emplying AI t spread news stries.
4．What slutin des the authr suggest?
A．Applying traditinal scial skills.B．Highlighting histrical knwledge.
C．Emphasizing scial studies learning.D．Teaching cmmunicatin techniques.
20.（2026·福建省福州市高三上学期一模）Can yu tell fact frm fictin nline? In a digital wrld, few questins are mre challenging than fighting misinfrmatin. As an educatin researcher and frmer high schl histry teacher, I knw that histry class can stimulate critical thinking — but nly if teachers and schls understand what it really means.
Sme might cnsider critical thinking an ability that teachers can encurage. Or they might be referring t specific skills — fr instance, that students shuld learn a set f steps t take t assess infrmatin nline. Cgnitive (认知的) scientists see critical thinking as a specific kind f reasning that invlves prblem-slving and making sund judgments. It can be learned, but it relies n specific cntent knwledge.
Since cntext is key t critical thinking, learning t analyze infrmatin abut current events likely requires knwledge abut plitics and histry, as well as practice at tracing surces. Frtunately, that is what scial studies classes are fr.
Scial studies researchers ften describe this kind f critical thinking as “histrical thinking”: a way t evaluate evidence abut the past and assess its reliability. In scial studies classrms students can make relatively quick prgress n sme f the surface features f histrical thinking, such as learning t check a text’s date and authr.
Scial studies classrms can als build what researchers call “civic nline reasning.” Fact-checking is cmplex. It is nt enugh t tell yung peple that they shuld be careful nline, r t trust sites that end in “.rg” instead f “.cm.” Rather than learning general principles abut nline media, civic nline reasning teaches students specific skills fr evaluating infrmatin abut plitics and scial issues.
Therefre, the slutin lies nt in teaching critical thinking as a separate skill, but in preserving and strengthening traditinal scial studies educatin that cmbines backgrund knwledge with analytical capabilities. Only then can we effectively prepare students t distinguish truth frm fictin in ur digital wrld.
1．Hw des the writer view critical thinking?
A．It naturally develps ver time.
B．It is a kind f step-by-step learning.
C．It is a frm f cntent-based reasning.
D．It imprves with teachers’ encuragement.
2．Why can scial studies encurage critical thinking?
A．They fcus n past evidence.
B．They questin general principles.
C．They develp fact-checking skills.
D．They prvide trustwrthy websites.
3．Which can be cnsidered “civic nline reasning” accrding t the text?
A．Trusting nline news withut tracing surces.
B．Assessing public matters via fact-checking.
C．Dismissing scial media as unreliable.
D．Emplying AI t spread news stries.
4．What slutin des the authr suggest?
A．Applying traditinal scial skills.
B．Highlighting histrical knwledge.
C．Emphasizing scial studies learning.
D．Teaching cmmunicatin techniques.
21.（2026·重庆市第一中学校高三上学期开学）Remember when cncerts were just abut singing alng and maybe buying a T-shirt? Well, thse days are ver. Nwadays, cncerts have grwn int massive mney-makers, turning cities int buzzing spts full f turists, shppers, and excited fans ready t spend.
Take Taylr Swift's Eras Tur in 2023. It wasn’t just a big shw — it pured ver $5 billin int the U.S. ecnmy. Htels were bked mnths ahead, ride-share drivers wrked nnstp, and lcal restaurants culdn’t keep up with hungry fans. China has seen similar effects, with stars like Jay Chu filling arenas and bsting lcal ecnmies during their turs. Thrugh cncerts, cities weren’t just hping fr a gd time — they were chasing real cash, shwing that a great cncert can bring in mre mney than many ads and campaigns cmbined.
Sme critics argue that this surge in ecnmic activity is just a temprary spike that disappears nce the last nte fades, verlking the fact that music’s impact ges far beynd immediate spending; it shapes identity, cmmunity, and memries that keep fans returning time after time, while scial media can increase this effect greatly, as a single viral cncert clip can inspire thusands mre t jin future events. This cmplex interplay f emtinal cnnectin and digital reach means the cncert ecnmy is abut much mre than mney.
Gvernments are quick t recgnize this ptential. Shanghai nw cmbines majr cncerts with turism packages, Seul has built immersive K-pp experience centers, and smaller cities are investing in upgraded venues t attract big-name acts, understanding that live music can be a vital part f urban develpment strategies that cmbine cultural appeal with ecnmic grwth.
S, is the cncert ecnmy simply a passing trend, r des it signal the future f hw cities grw and thrive? As mre places try t catch this rhythm, maybe it’s time t ask — hw much f ur ecnmic future will be written n the music stage?
1．Why des the authr mentin Taylr Swift’s Eras Tur and Jay Chu’s turs?
A．T shw nly superstars bst the cncert ecnmy.
B．T cmpare Western and Asian music markets' impacts.
C．T illustrate cncerts drive big ecnmic grwth glbally.
D．T prve cncerts are mre ppular than ther entertainments.
2．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3 abut the cncert ecnmy’s impact?
A．It is mstly temprary, tied t the cncert perid.
B．It utterly depends n cultural bnds frm cncerts.
C．It relies barely n scial media fr lng-term benefits.
D．It clearly ges beynd shrt-term spending t cultural aspects.
3．What des the passage suggest abut the cncert ecnmy’s rle in urban develpment?
A．Limits t music-fcused cities.
B．Fits int city grwth strategies.
C．Ranks belw traditinal industries.
D．Demands heavy funding, lw return.
4．What is the authr’s attitude tward the future f the cncert ecnmy?
A．Pessimistic.B．Dubtful.
C．Optimistic.D．Neutral.
22.（2026·重庆市第一中学校高三上学期开学）It starts with tulips. Maybe a ceramic cup f tea. The smell f smething baking while rain taps the windws. Rmanticising life begins as a quiet way t slw dwn. A sft resistance against stress. A little ritual — like lighting a candle — that says, “I’m here. I’m alive.” But tulips aren’t just tulips anymre. Nw they’re cntent.
The small gestures nce meant t bring cmfrt have becme part f a glbal perfrmance. A lifestyle aesthetic pwered by sft filters and chill music. Buying tmates isn’t just a chre — it’s a cinematic mment. A walk t the shp becmes a scene frm a French film. Even heartbreak is curated nw, as lng as the lighting is right.
It used t feel like a secret — this way f making the rdinary feel magical. But nw, every small act cmes with pressure t lk gd, t be psted, t be part f a bigger stry. T live beautifully, nt hnestly.
And with that pressure cmes distance. Instead f living in a mment, there’s a quiet vice asking, “Hw des this lk?” Even brushing teeth can feel perfrmative. The line between self-care and self-display blurs until it’s hard t knw which came first: the cmfrt r the camera.
The urge t make life feel special is natural. There’s nthing wrng with nticing beauty. But when every mment must be “wrthy,” smething gets lst. Jy becmes effrtful. Stillness becmes a missed pprtunity fr aesthetic.
S what’s the way back? Start with the mess. Cld tea. Frizzy hair. Frgtten tasks. Laughing at nthing with a friend. N sundtrack, n audience, just real life.
The magic is still there — but it desn’t always need staging. Smetimes, the mst rmantic thing is ding nthing special at all. There’s n need t be the herine f a film. Being here, fully, is enugh.
1．What was the riginal purpse f the small gestures mentined in the passage?
A．T shw ff a beautiful lifestyle.
B．T create cntent fr scial media.
C．T reduce stress and slw dwn life.
D．T imitate scenes frm French films.
2．What des the wrd “curated” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．curedB．staged
C．ignredD．remembered
3．What can we infer abut “the line between self-care and self-display” in Paragraph 4?
A．It fades under pressure t pst.
B．It disappears nly in small rituals.
C．It stays clear as cmfrt cmes first.
D．It depends n magic r rdinariness.
4．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Stp and smell the rses.
B．All that glitters is nt gld.
C．Shw yur heart nt yur shw.
D．Little things make big differences.
23.（福建省福州市鼓楼区福州第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学）Will artificial intelligence (AI) replace my jb? This is a questin that many peple think abut these days. At present, the applicatin f AI rbtics in prfessinal fields, as well as ChatGPT’s abilities t write essays, slve cmplex prblems and mre, have heightened mral cncerns.
Sme peple see AI as the ultimate cure fr sciety’s mst fundamental prblems, while thers fear that AI will vertake human intelligence. These tw views are based n the assumptin that AI is better and smarter than humanity and may ultimately replace human decisin-making. But given the fact that technlgy is the prduct f human civilizatin, the challenge frm AI is smething we have created fr urselves as we keep pushing ur wn bundaries. In ther wrds, AI’s prgress, functins and future directin are all determined by the human brain.
Befre AI becmes a threat t humanity, the internatinal cmmunity shuld reach an agreement n the rle it is t play. Mre imprtantly, related laws and regulatins must ensure that AI will benefit sciety and prevent it frm threatening human life. Rbts, fr example, are believed t develp emtinal intelligence smetime, which enables them t recgnize, understand and express emtins in a way that is similar t humans, but we must avid AI cpying human emtins. Withut legal restrictins, AI may becme a scial disaster.
The AI-driven new industrial revlutin is inexrable. This, like previus nes, which intrduced changes that had been unimaginable befre, will certainly affect human emplyment. But it always turned ut humanity was able t adapt t each industrial revlutin and create new frms f emplyment. Therefre, it’s unnecessary t wrry AI will replace ur jbs. While technlgy advances at a rapid pace, what we need t d is t welcme the AI era rather than blck its unflding fr fear f the unknwn.
1．Why are sme peple wrried abut AI?
A．It has pushed humans’ bundaries.B．It has led t scial prblems.
C．It may utsmart humans ultimately.D．It may cause human intelligence decline.
2．Hw can we prevent AI’s ptential threat?
A．By stirring emtins.B．By setting laws and regulatins.
C．By blcking functins.D．By changing regulatins.
3．What des the underlined wrd “inexrable” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Undesirable.B．Unbelievable.C．Unpredictable.D．Unavidable.
4．What is the authr’s attitude tward AI’s advance?
A．Favrable.B．Cautius.C．Wrried.D．Objective.
24.（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联考高三月考）Jan Gehl is an architect and a city design cnsultant. His idea in a bk shws an imprtant truth: City envirnments influence human interactin. In prly designed streets, there is little activity — peple hurry hme and avid talking t thers. In cmparisn, well-designed spaces set free different activities, frm casual walks t public gatherings. As Gehl says, the difference between lifeless rads and lively streets lies in design that welcmes spntaneity (自发性).
Street crners shw this well. Busy crssrads have their wn scial patterns: Peple waiting fr traffic lights chat, say gdbye, r gather arund vendr stalls (摊位). Scilgist William H. Whyte bserved in The Scial Life f Small Urban Spaces that even a single vendr can transfrm a crner int a mini-cmmunity, prving that small spaces can help build big relatinships. These mments turn rdinary stps int pprtunities fr interactin.
Streets are the birthplace f relatinships. Neighbrs meet n cnnecting rads; cwrkers bnd ver radside drinks; strangers share shrt talks. These interactins build the urban scial structure. As the lines between public and private spaces becme less clear, streets becme like extensins f hme, where cmmunity takes shape naturally.
Urban experts emphasize the pwer f design. Jane Jacbs’ “frequent streets” priritize daily interactins, while Edward T. Hall’s research shws seating arrangements affect scial dynamics. A bench facing an pen area r a sunny walkway encurages peple t pause and interact. Thughtful design — frm shade structures t designs that are friendly t pedestrians (行人) — turns spaces int places fr cnnectin.
Despite their value, lively streets are rare due t challenges like nise, pllutin, and safety wrries. Planners must realize well-maintained streets shuld be places where peple feel they belng, prving that life between buildings is the life f the city. S they shuld address these thrugh cmprehensive design: prtecting spaces frm bad elements, reducing traffic jams, and ensuring access fr everyne. Taking care f them is als imprtant, as well-designed spaces d well nly when they are kept up.
1．What des the first paragraph mainly shw?
A．Rads are full f entertainment activities.
B．City design shapes the ways peple interact.
C．Pr street design results in lw ft traffic.
D．Public gatherings depend n space maintenance.
2．What rle d vendr stalls play accrding t paragraph 2?
A．Prtecting pedestrian safety.
B．Transfrming cmmercial znes.
C．Serving as scial gathering pints.
D．Creating jb pprtunities in cmmunities.
3．What d Jane Jacbs and Edward T. Hall emphasize abut the design in streets?
A．Its surce.B．Its impacts.
C．Its cmplexity.D．Its limitatins.
4．What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the last paragraph?
A．T make a bet.B．T make decisins.
C．T make a cmplaint.D．T make suggestins.
25.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟高三联考）I have been studying the French language fr three years. This field f study has been the hardest but mst precius f my life. I wuld put it abve the study f writing simply because I started writing as a 6-year-ld by under my mther’s guidance. I always “felt” I culd write. I did nt always “feel” I culd study a freign language effectively.
But here I am, right nw, in a French htel. I spke French at the brder, when I checked in and when I went t get lunch. I fail t speak with fluency. I mishear wrds. I can’t really use cmplicated grammar. But my wrds are perfectly understandable and serve their purpse. I feel, as I always d, like I am lst in the dark, but with each misstep, I find my way mre clearly. I didn’t feel it when reading French nvels; I didn’t feel it at schl. I just felt it when I first arrived Paris.
I’m emphasizing feelings because, when studying, they are as imprtant as any reality. The fear f making mistakes feeds the hpelessness and makes learners quit. It is nt the study f language that is hard. It is the feelings f wh yu are at the present level and pessimistic belief f wh yu will always be that make it hard. The transfrmatin t turn struggles int grwth is what truly makes learning a life-changing jurney.
Maybe ne day, smene will say smething t me that I d nt understand, and in that mment. I may feel a bit discuraged. But nw, I feel a sense f being high. These mments f cnfidence and mtivatin are precius, fr they remind me f hw far I’ve cme. They are nt the nrm (常态), thugh. The truth is, the lws are what I encunter mre ften. They are part f the learning prcess, part f the transfrmatin that shapes us int better versins f urselves. And yet, it is thrugh these laws that I am cnstantly learning and grwing.
1．Hw des the authr feel abut making mistakes in French?
A．Awkward.B．Hpeless.C．Cmpetent.D．Rewarding.
2．Why des the authr emphasize feelings?
A．T highlight his struggles in learning French.
B．T shw that psitive thinking can drive grwth.
C．T illustrate that peple shuld fllw their hearts.
D．T clarify his experience in mindset transfrmatin.
3．Accrding t the authr, what is the real challenge in learning a language?
A．Mastering cmplicated grammar.B．Overcming the fear f making mistakes.
C．Finding enugh time t study.D．Understanding native speakers.
4．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．The lws are always fllwed by highs.B．Feeling cnfident shuld be made a nrm.
C．Struggles are an essential part f learning.D．The ups are the real times when learning ccurs.
26.（2026·北京市中国人民大学附属中学高三检测）The industrial revlutin was ne f the mst imprtant events in human histry. Over a handful f decades, technlgical breakthrughs kicked ecnmic utput ff its centuries-lng lw plateau and sent ppulatins, living standards and life expectancy saring. Yet fr all its vital imprtance, there is still disagreement ver why all this tk ff.
One f the mst cmpelling arguments cmes frm US ecnmic histrian Rbert Allen, wh argues that Britain’s successes in cmmerce in the 16th and 17th centuries pushed wages up and energy csts dwn, creating strng incentives t substitute energy and capital fr labr and t mechanize manufacturing prcesses. Others place greater emphasis n the rle f UK institutins, while sme argue that innvative ideas emerged as a result f increasing interactins amng grwing and densifying ppulatins.
Anther interesting thery is that f ecnmic histrian Jel Mkyr, wh argues that it was brader cultural change that laid the grundwrk fr the industrial revlutin. Prminent British thinkers including Francis Bacn and Isaac Newtn champined a prgress-riented view f the wrld, centered n the idea that science and experimentatin were key t increasing human wellbeing.
While persuasive, Mkyr’s thery has until recently been nly that: a thery. But a fascinating paper published last mnth puts sme evidence behind the argument. The researchers analyzed the cntents f 173,031 bks printed in England between 1500 and 1900, tracking hw the frequency f different terms changed ver time. They fund a marked increase in the use f terms related t prgress and innvatin starting in the early 17th century.
Extending the same analysis t the present, a striking picture emerges: ver the past 60 years the west has begun t shift away frm the culture f prgress, and twards ne f cautin, wrry and risk-aversin, with ecnmic grwth slwing ver the same perid. The frequency f terms related t prgress, imprvement and the future has drpped by abut 25 percent since the 1960s, while thse related t threats, risks and wrries have becme several times mre cmmn. That simultaneus rise in language assciated with cautin culd well be nt a cincidence but an equal and ppsite frce acting against grwth and prgress.
Ruxandra Tesl, ne f a grwing cmmunity f prgress-fcused writers at the Nexus f science, ecnmics and plicy, argues that the grwing skepticism arund technlgy and the rise in zer-sum thinking in mdern sciety is ne f the defining idelgical challenges f ur time.
Sme may cunter that a rebalancing f pririties frm perpetual advancement t cautin is a gd thing, but this culd be a catastrphic mistake. As well as ecnmic grwth, the drive fr prgress brught us mdern medicine, significantly lnger and healthier lives, plentiful fd supplies, dramatic reductins in pverty, and ever mre and ever cheaper renewable energy. The challenges facing the mdern wrld will be slved by mre fcus n prgress, nt less. If we are t avid backsliding, advcates fr innvatin, grwth and abundance must defeat the dmers.
1．What is suggested abut the industrial revlutin frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Its cause is a subject f nging schlarly debate.
B．Its prgress triggered Britain’s institutinal refrms.
C．Its success is mainly due t British ecnmic plicies.
D．Its innvatins increased interactins amng ppulatins
2．Which f the fllwing is true f Mkyr’s thery?
A．It wes the industrial revlutin t cmmercial success.
B．Its persuasiveness is supprted by abundant evidence.
C．It stresses the rle f cultural change in prmting prgress.
D．Its fcus is n the impact f science upn cultural change.
3．Ruxandra Tesl argues that mdern sciety is ________.
A．increasingly fcused n technlgical advances
B．priritizing ecnmic grwth ver science
C．struggling with technlgical skepticism
D．being shaped by multiple idelgies
4．What might be the best title fr this article?
A．The Industrial Revlutin: Key Inventins and Ecnmic Impact
B．Prgress Culture: Its Rle in Histry and Risks f Decline Tday
C．Debating Technlgical Skepticism: Prs and Cns f Cautin
D．Hw Ecnmic Grwth Slws: Analyzing 60 Years f Data
27.（湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学）If smene asked whether yu like the arts, yu’d prbably say yu d at least in thery. Accrding t a survey, mre than tw-thirds f U.S. adults say the arts “lift me up beynd everyday experiences”. Hwever, nly 30 percent attended a cncert f any type in 2017; 23 percent went t an art museum. Fewer than half actively created art f any kind.
The mismatch can bil dwn t the fact that we are weighed dwn by ur day-t-day respnsibilities, leaving ur schedule packed. Maybe yu like t play a little backgrund music while yu wrk r d the chres, but even befre the pandemic, mst f us rarely, if ever, saw a live perfrmance, let alne visited a gallery r watched a play.
T ften, we let the dull reality f life get in the way f the arts. But this is a mistake. The arts are the ppsite f an escape frm reality; they might just be the mst realistic glimpse we ever get int the nature and meaning f life. If yu make time fr cnsuming and prducing the arts the same way yu make time fr wrk and exercise and family cmmitments, I assure yu that yu’ll find yur life getting fuller and happier. Think f a time when yu heard a piece f music and wanted t cry. Or maybe yur dizziness struck as yu emerged frm a narrw side street in an unfamiliar city. There yu fund yurself in a beautiful twn square as if in a fantasy. They prbably stimulated a sudden awakening, much like the shck frm a lungful f pure xygen after breathing in smggy air.
If yu are amng the peple wh feel that the arts are pure pleasures t experience and participate in, yu might see them as a luxury item, while a preferable attitude is t treat the arts less like a distracting pleasure, and mre like exercise r sleep, a necessity. Then draw up a schedule f yur art expsure jurney, and gradually weave the arts int yur everyday life.
1．What prevents peple frm enjying the arts accrding t the text?
A．Lack f interest.B．Avidance f duty.
C．Shrtage f time.D．Art space inaccessibility.
2．What can we learn abut the rle f the arts accrding t the text?
A．They explre mysteries f life.B．They spark emtinal respnses.
C．They enhance physical well-being.D．They ffer a getaway frm daily life.
3．What will prbably be talked abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A．Barriers t cmbine the arts and life.B．Benefits f engaging with the arts.
C．Frms f distracting pleasures.D．Ways t integrate the arts int daily rutine.
4．Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A．The Arts Jurney: Refreshing Sul
B．The Arts Pursuit: Transfrming Dull int Full
C．Embracing the Arts: Frm Luxury t Necessity
D．Cnnecting with the Arts: Frm Reality t Fantasy
28.（2026·广东深圳高级中学高三上学期开学）Will artificial intelligence (AI) replace my jb? This is a questin that many peple think abut these days. At present, the applicatin f AI rbtics in prfessinal fields, as well as ChatGPT’s abilities t write essays, slve cmplex prblems and mre, have heightened mral cncerns.
Sme peple see AI as the ultimate cure fr sciety’s mst fundamental prblems, while thers fear that AI will vertake human intelligence. These tw views are based n the assumptin that AI is better and smarter than humanity and may ultimately replace human decisin-making. But given the fact that technlgy is the prduct f human civilizatin, the challenge frm AI is smething we have created fr urselves as we keep pushing ur wn bundaries. In ther wrds, AI’s prgress, functins and future directin are all determined by the human brain.
Befre AI becmes a threat t humanity, the internatinal cmmunity shuld reach an agreement n the rle it is t play. Mre imprtantly, related laws and regulatins must ensure that AI will benefit sciety and prevent it frm threatening human life. Rbts, fr example, are believed t develp emtinal intelligence smetime, which enables them t recgnize, understand and express emtins in a way that is similar t humans, but we must avid AI cpying human emtins. Withut legal restrictins, AI may becme a scial disaster.
The AI-driven new industrial revlutin is irreversible. This, like previus nes, which intrduced changes that had been unimaginable befre, will certainly affect human emplyment. But it always turned ut humanity was able t adapt t each industrial revlutin and create new frms f emplyment. Therefre, it’s unnecessary t wrry AI will replace ur jbs. While technlgy advances at a rapid pace, what we need t d is t welcme the AI era rather than blck its unflding fr fear f the unknwn.
1．What des the authr imply abut AI’s future?
A．It will be t cmplex t cntrl.
B．It depends n human innvatin.
C．It will be regulated mre strictly.
D．It may utperfrm the human brain.
2．Hw can we prevent AI’s ptential threat?
A．By stirring emtins.B．By blcking functins.
C．By setting restrictins.D．By changing regulatins.
3．What des the underlined wrd “irreversible” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Undesirable.B．Unavidable.
C．Unpredictable.D．Unbelievable.
4．What des the writer suggest readers d with the cming f the AI era?
A．Deal with it psitively.B．Accept it passively.
C．Respnd t it randmly.D．Defend it uncnditinally.
29.（2026·湖北省武汉市硚口区高三质量检测）In 1910, the Ls Angeles Times ran a stry abut a by tasked with pening a valve (阀门) n a steam-pwered water pump t release built - up pressure. His entire jb was staring at the machines all day, an incredibly bring task. The “lazy” by, hwever, invented an autmatic release that let the pump run prperly, winning his freedm — and in ding s, creating the first autmatic steam engine.
Thugh the stry may be fictinal, the by’s behavir reflects a deeper truth: When we feel lazy, we ften lk fr easier ways, trying t imprve prcesses and save time and effrt. In ther wrds, laziness can drive innvatin.
In recent years, sme psychlgists and business leaders have cme t grasp this insight, shifting ur view f what laziness really means. Walter Chrysler is said t have nted: “I always chse a lazy persn t d a hard jb because a lazy persn will find an easy way t d it.”
Our brains are naturally inclined tward laziness. Unlike ur ancestrs, wh had t cnserve energy t cmpete fr fd, flee predatrs, and fight, we n lnger face survival as a daily cncern. It might seem natural t be “lazier,” but the ppsite has happened. Accrding t the U.S. Bureau f Labr Statistics, Americans nw sleep less and wrk mre than befre; wrker prductivity has risen 400 percent since 1950. Our culture teaches us that ur wrth depends n hw hard we wrk. S we push even harder t prduce mre.
Yet there’s a big, sad paradx: The harder we wrk, the less prductive we becme. When demands rise, we tend t push harder. But withut rest and recharge, we grw less efficient, make mre mistakes, and feel less engaged.
S hw can we make labr mre meaningful and life mre fulfilling? Current research in psychlgy and neurscience pints t valuing a wandering mind. Take breaks, let thughts drift — learn t be idle. This week, ntice dwntime in yur day, empty spaces n yur calendar. Instead f filling them with mre wrk, just sit n the sfa and be, as pet Mary Oliver put it, “idle and blessed.”
1．What is the authr’s attitude t the by pening the valve?
A．Dismissive.
B．Supprtive.
C．Ambiguus.
D．Dubtful.
2．What can be cncluded frm paragraph 4?
A．Cntemprary sciety respects creativity.
B．Americans are living a wrse life than befre.
C．Our ancestrs cnsidered wrk unbearable.
D．Peple nwadays still need t struggle with pverty.
3．What des the underlined wrd “paradx” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Wild imaginatin.
B．Unclear explanatin.
C．Strange cntradictin.
D．Rare phenmenn.
4．What is the authr’s purpse writing the text?
A．Cmpare the ld and new views n laziness.
B．Criticize irrespnsible attitude twards hard wrk.
C．Advise peple t abandn the value f hard wrk.
D．Inspire peple t stay refreshed fr better wrk and life.
1.【2021新课标I卷】
Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intelligence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn’s makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.” Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right directin.
32. What is a cmmn misunderstanding f emtinal intelligence?
A. It can be measured by an IQ test.B. It helps t exercise a persn's mind.
C. It includes a set f emtinal skills.D. It refers t a persn’s psitive qualities.
33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A. T explain a rule.B. T clarify a cncept.
C. T present a fact.D. T make a predictin.
34. What is the authr's attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
35. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning emtinal intelligence?
A. Its appeal t the public. B. Expectatins fr future studies.
C. Its practical applicatin.D. Scientists with new perspectives.
2.【2021全国甲卷】
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they?
In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender (性别) are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here's the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素)like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance (毅力), and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld.”
32. What des the authr think f victrs' standards fr jining the genius club?
A. They're unfair. B. They're cnservative.
C. They're bjective.D. They're strict.
33. What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They lk up t great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than bys.
D. They are likely t be influenced by scial beliefs
34. Why are mre geniuses knwn t the public?
A. Imprved glbal cmmunicatin.B. Less discriminatin against wmen.
C. Acceptance f victrs' cncepts.D. Changes in peple's scial psitins.
35. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many Frms
C. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and Luck
3.【2021天津卷】
There is smething t be said fr being a generalist, even if yu are a specialist. Knwing a little abut a lt f things that interest yu can add t the richness f a whle, well-lived life.
Sciety pushes us t specialize, t becme experts. This requires cmmitment t a particular ccupatin, branch f study r research. The drawback t being specialists is we ften cme t knw mre and mre abut less and less. There is a great deal f pressure t master ne's field. Yu may pursue training, degrees, r increasing levels f respnsibility at wrk. Then yu discver the pressure f having t keep up.
Sme peple seem willing t wrk arund the clck in their narrw specialty. But such cmmitment can als weaken a sense f freedm. These specialists culd wrk at the ffice until ten each night, then lk back and realize they wuld have lved t have gne hme and enjyed the sweetness f their family and friends, r traveled t exciting places, meeting interesting peple. Mastering ne thing t the exclusin （排 除）f thers can hld back yur true spirit.
Generalists, n the ther hand, knw a lt abut a wide range f subjects and view the whle with all its cnnectins. They are peple f ability, talent, and enthusiasm wh can bring their brad perspective （视角）int specific fields f expertise （专长）.The dctr wh is als a pet and philspher is a superir dctr, ne wh can give s much mre t his patients than just gd medical skills.
Things are cnnected. Let yur expertise in ne field fuel yur passins in all related areas. Sme f yur interests may nt appear t be cnnected but, nce yu explre their depths, yu discver that they are. My editr Tni, wh is als a writer, has edited several histry bks. She has decided t study Chinese histry. Fascinated by the structural beauty f the Frbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested t learn mre abut Chinese philsphy. "I dn't knw where it will lead, but I'm excited I'm n this pursuit."
These expansins int new wrlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin t see the intercnnectedness f ne thing t anther in all aspects f ur life, f urselves and the universe. Develp brad, general knwledge and experience. The universe is all yurs t explre and enjy.
51. T becme a specialist, ne may have t_____.
A. narrw his range f knwledgeB. avid respnsibilities at wrk
C. knw mre abut the scietyD. braden his perspective n life
52. The specialists mentined in Paragraph 3 tend t______.
A. treasure their freedmB. travel arund the wrld
C. spend mst time wrkingD. enjy meeting funny peple
53. Accrding t the authr, a superir dctr is ne wh_____.
A. is fully aware f his talent and abilityB. is a pure specialist in medicine
C. shuld lve petry and philsphyD. brings knwledge f ther fields t wrk
54. What des the authr intend t shw with the example f Tni?
A. Passin alne des nt ensure a persn's success.
B. In-depth explratin makes discveries pssible.
C. Everyne has a chance t succeed in their pursuit.
D. Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way cnnected.
55. What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Be Mre a Generalist Than a Specialist
B. Specialist r Generalist: Hard t Decide
C. Turn a Generalist int a Specialist
D. Ways t Becme a Generalist
4.【2019天津卷】
Wuld yu BET n the future f this man? He is 53 years ld. Mst f his adult life has been a lsing struggle against debt and misfrtune. A war injury has made his left hand stp functining, and he has ften been in prisn. Driven by heaven-knws-what mtives, he determines t write a bk.
The bk turns ut t be ne that has appealed t the wrld fr mre than 350 years. That frmer prisner was Cervantes, and the bk was Dn Quixte（《堂吉诃德》）. And the stry pses an interesting questin: why d sme peple discver new vitality and creativity t the end f their days, while thers g t seed lng befre?
We’ve all knwn peple wh run ut f steam befre they reach life’s halfway mark. I’m nt talking abut thse wh fail t get t the tp. We can’t all get there. I’m talking abut peple wh have stpped learning n grwing because they have adpted the fixed attitudes and pinins that all t ften cme with passing years.
Mst f us, in fact, prgressively narrw the variety f ur lives. We succeed in ur field f specializatin and then becme trapped in it. Nthing surprises us. We lse ur sense f wnder. But, if we are willing t learn, the pprtunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldm invlve infrmatin and skills. We learn t bear with the things we can’t change. We learn t avid self-pity. We learn that hwever much we try t please, sme peple are never ging t lve us—an idea that trubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high mtivatin and enthusiasm, we can keep n learning. Then we will knw hw imprtant it is t have meaning in ur life. Hwever, we can achieve meaning nly if we have made a cmmitment t smething larger than ur wn little egs(自我), whether t lved nes, t fellw humans, t wrk, r t sme mral cncept.
Many f us equate(视……等同于) “cmmitment” with such “caring” ccupatins as teaching and nursing. But ding any rdinary jb as well as ne can is in itself an admirable cmmitment. Peple wh wrk tward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck, r running a stre—make the wrld better just by being the kind f peple they are. They’ve learned life’s mst valuable lessn.
51. The passage starts with the stry f Cervantes t shw that ________.
A. lss f freedm stimulates ne’s creativity
B. age is nt a barrier t achieving ne’s gal
C. misery inspires a man t fight against his fate
D. disability cannt stp a man’s pursuit f success
52. What des the underlined part in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. End ne’s struggle fr liberty.
B. Waste ne’s energy taking risks.
C. Miss the pprtunity t succeed.
D. Lse the interest t cntinue learning.
53. What culd be inferred frm Paragraph 4？
A. Thse wh dare t try ften get themselves trapped.
B. Thse wh tend t think back can hardly g ahead.
C. Opprtunity favrs thse with a curius mind.
D. Opprtunity awaits thse with a cautius mind.
54. What des the authr intend t tell us in Paragraph 5？
A. A tugh man can tlerate suffering.
B. A wise man can live withut self-pity.
C. A man shuld try t satisfy peple arund him.
D. A man shuld learn suitable ways t deal with life.
55. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the passage？
A. T prvide guidance n leading a meaningful adult life.
B. T stress the need f shuldering respnsibilities at wrk.
C. T state the imprtance f generating mtivatin fr learning.
D. T suggest a way f pursuing excellence in ur lifelng career.
5.【2025全国一卷】
While safety imprvements might have been made t ur streets in recent years, transprt studies als shw declines in pedestrian (行人) mbility, especially amng yung children. Many parents say there’s t much traffic n the rads fr their children t walk safely t schl, s they pack them int the car instead.
Dutch authrs Thalia Verkade and Marc te Brömmelstret are bthered by facts like these. In their new bk Mvement: Hw t Take Back Our Streets and Transfrm Our Lives, they call fr a rethink f ur streets and the rle they play in ur lives.
Life n city streets started t change decades ag. Whle neighburhds were destryed t make way fr new rad netwrks and kids had t play elsewhere. Sme cmmunities fught back. Mst famusly, a Canadian jurnalist wh had mved her family t Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign t stp the destructin f her lcal park. Describing her alarm at its prpsed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacbs called n her mayr (市长) t champin “New Yrk as a decent place t live, and nt just rush thrugh.” Similar campaigns ccurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Althugh these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majrity f the western cities were cmpletely redesigned arund the needs f the mtr car. The number f cars n rads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we nw have ver twenty millin cars fr just ver twenty-six millin peple, amng the highest rate f car wnership in the wrld.
We invest a lt in rads that help us rush thrugh, but we fail t accunt fr the true csts. D we really recgnise what it csts us as a sciety when children can’t mve safely arund ur cmmunities? The authrs f Mvement have it right: it’s time t think differently abut that street utside yur frnt dr.
28. What phenmenn des the authr pint ut in paragraph 1?
A. Cars ften get stuck n the rad.B. Traffic accidents ccur frequently.
C. Peple walk less and drive mre.D. Pedestrians fail t fllw the rules.
29. What were the Canadian jurnalist and ther campaigners trying t d?
A. Keep their cities livable.B. Prmte cultural diversity.
C. Help the needy families.D. Make expressways accessible.
30. What can be inferred abut the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s?
A. They bsted the sales f cars.B. They turned ut largely ineffective.
C. They wn gvernment supprt.D. They advcated building new parks.
31. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Why the Rush?B. What’s Next?
C. Where t Stay?D. Wh t Blame?
6.【2024全国甲卷】
“I didn’t like the ending,” I said t my favrite cllege prfessr. It was my junir year f undergraduate, and I was ding an independent study n Victrian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill n the Flss by Gerge Elit, and I was heartbrken with the ending. Prf. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me t think abut it beynd whether I liked it r nt. He suggested I think abut the difference between endings that I wanted fr the characters and endings that were right fr the characters, endings that satisfied the stry even if they didn’t have a traditinally psitive utcme. Of curse, I wuld have preferred a different ending fr Tm and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they gt did make the mst sense fr them.
This was an aha mment fr me, and I never thught abut endings the same way again. Frm then n, if I wanted t read an ending guaranteed t be happy, I’d pick up a lve rmance. If I wanted an ending I culdn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind f knew what was ging t happen, histrical fictin. Chsing what t read became easier.
But writing the end—that’s hard. It’s hard fr writers because endings carry s much weight with readers. Yu have t balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but desn’t seem t cme frm nwhere, ne that fits what’s right fr the characters.
That’s why this issue (期) f Writer’s Digest aims t help yu figure ut hw t write the best ending fr whatever kind f writing yu’re ding. If it’s shrt stries, Peter Muntfrd breaks dwn six techniques yu can try t see which ne helps yu stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters f five great nvels t see what key pints they include and hw yu can adapt them fr yur wrk.
This issue wn’t tell yu what yur ending shuld be—that’s up t yu and the stry yu’re telling—bu it might prvide what yu need t get there.
32. Why did the authr g t Prf. Gracie?
A. T discuss a nvel.B. T submit a bk reprt.
C. T argue fr a writer.D. T ask fr a reading list.
33. What did the authr realize after seeing Gracie?
A. Writing is a matter f persnal preferences.
B. Readers are ften carried away by character.
C. Each type f literature has its unique end.
D. A stry which begins well will end well.
34. What is expected f a gd ending?
A It satisfies readers’ taste.B. It fits with the stry develpment.
C. It is usually psitive.D. It is pen fr imaginatin.
35. Why des the authr mentin Peter Muntfrd and Elizabeth Sims?
A. T give examples f great nvelists.B. T stress the theme f this issue.
C. T encurage writing fr the magazine.D. T recmmend their new bks.
7.【2023全国乙卷】
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example f this between literate and nn-literate histry is perhaps the first cnflict, at Btany Bay, between Captain Ck’s vyage and the Australian Abriginals. Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain’s recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield (盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. If we want t recnstruct what was actually ging n that day, the shield must be questined and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reprts.
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. Hw past events shuld be presented.B. What humanity is cncerned abut.
C. Whether facts speak luder than wrds.D. Why written language is reliable.
33. What des the authr indicate by mentining Captain Ck in paragraph 2?
A. His reprt was scientific.B. He represented the lcal peple.
C. He ruled ver Btany Bay.D. His recrd was ne-sided.
34. What des the underlined wrd “cnversatin” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Prblem.B. Histry.C. Vice.D. Sciety.
35. Which f the fllwing bks is the text mst likely selected frm?
A. Hw Maps Tell Stries f the WrldB. A Shrt Histry f Australia
C. A Histry f the Wrld in 100 ObjectsD. Hw Art Wrks Tell Stries
8.【2022北京卷】
Quantum (量子) cmputers have been n my mind a lt lately. A friend has been sending me articles n hw quantum cmputers might help slve sme f the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve als had exchanges with tw quantum-cmputing experts. One is cmputer scientist Chris Jhnsn wh I see as smene wh helps keep the field hnest. The ther is physicist Philip Taylr.
Fr decades, quantum cmputing has been little mre than a labratry curisity. Nw, big tech cmpanies have invested in quantum cmputing, as have many smaller nes. Accrding t Business Weekly, quantum machines culd help us “cure cancer, and even take steps t turn climate change in the ppsite directin.” This is the srt f hype (炒作) that annys Jhnsn. He wrries that researchers are making prmises they can’t keep. “What’s new,” Jhnsn wrte, “is that millins f dllars are nw ptentially available t quantum cmputing researchers.”
As quantum cmputing attracts mre attentin and funding, researchers may mislead investrs, jurnalists, the public and, wrst f all, themselves abut their wrk’s ptential. If researchers can’t keep their prmises, excitement might give way t dubt, disappintment and anger, Jhnsn warns. Lts f ther technlgies have gne thrugh stages f excitement. But smething abut quantum cmputing makes it especially prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands fr smething cl yu shuldn’t be able t understand.” And that brings me back t Taylr, wh suggested that I read his bk Q fr Quantum.
After I read the bk, Taylr patiently answered my questins abut it. He als answered my questins abut PyQuantum, the firm he c-funded in 2016. Taylr shares Jhnsn’s cncerns abut hype, but he says thse cncerns d nt apply t PyQuantum.
The cmpany, he says, is clser than any ther firm “by a very large margin (幅度)” t building a “useful” quantum cmputer, ne that “slves an impactful prblem that we wuld nt have been able t slve therwise.” He adds, “Peple will naturally discunt my pinins, but I have spent a lt f time quantitatively cmparing what we are ding with thers.”
Culd PyQuantum really be leading all the cmpetitin “by a wide margin”, as Taylr claims? I dn’t knw. I’m certainly nt ging t advise my friend r anyne else t invest in quantum cmputers. But I trust Taylr, just as I trust Jhnsn.
31. Regarding Jhnsn’s cncerns, the authr feels ________.
A. sympatheticB. uncncernedC. dubtfulD. excited
32. What leads t Taylr’s ptimism abut quantum cmputing?
A. His dminance in physics.B. The cmpetitin in the field.
C. His cnfidence in PyQuantum.D. The investment f tech cmpanies.
33. What des the underlined wrd “prne” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Open.B. Cl.C. Useful.D. Resistant.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Is Jhnsn Mre Cmpetent Than Taylr?
B. Is Quantum Cmputing Redefining Technlgy?
C. Will Quantum Cmputers Ever Cme int Being?
D. Will Quantum Cmputing Ever Live Up t Its Hype?
9.【2022天津卷】
Ralph Emersn nce said that the purpse f life is nt t be happy, but t be useful, t be lving, t make sme difference in the wrld. While we appreciate such wrds f wisdm, we rarely try t fllw them in ur lives.
Mst peple prefer t live a gd life themselves, ignring their respnsibilities fr the wrld. This narrw perceptin f a gd life may prvide shrt-term benefits, but is sure t lead t lng-term harm and suffering. A gd life based n cmfrt and luxury may eventually lead t mre pain be-cause we spil ur health and even ur character, principles, ideals, and relatinships.
What then, is the secret f a gd life? A gd life is a prcess, nt a state f being : a directin, nt a destinatin. We have t earn a gd life by first serving thers withut any expectatin in return because their happiness is the very surce f ur wn happiness. Mre imprtantly, we must knw urselves inside ut. Only when we examine urselves deeply can we discver ur abilities and recgnize ur limitatins, and then wrk accrdingly t create a better wrld.
The first requirement fr a gd life is having a lving heart. When we d certain right things merely as a duty, we find ur jb s tiresme that we’ll sn burn ut. Hwever, when we d that same jb ut f lve, we nt nly enjy what we d, but als d it with an effrtless feeling.
Hwever, lve alne is insufficient t lead a gd life. Lve smetimes blinds us t the reality. Cnsequently, ur gd intentins may nt lead t gd results. T achieve desired utcme, thse wh want t d gd t thers als need t equip themselves with accurate wrld knwledge. False knwledge is mre dangerus than ignrance. If lve is the engine f a car knwledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks pwer, th car can’t mve; if the driver lses cntrl f the steering, a rad accident prbably ccurs. Only with lve in heart and the right knwledge in mind can we lead a gd life.
With lve and knwledge, we g all ut t create a better wrld by ding gd t thers. When we see the impact f ur gd wrk n the wrld we give meaning t ur life and earn lasting jy and happiness.
51. What effect des the narrw perceptin f a gd life have n us?
A. Making us simple-minded. B. Making us shrt-sighted.
C. Leading us nt a busy rad.D. Keeping us frm cmfrt and luxury.
52. Accrding t the authr, hw can ne gain true happiness?
A. Thrugh maintaining gd health.B. By ging thrugh pain and suffering.
C. By recgnizing ne’s abilities and limitatins.D. Thrugh ffering help much needed by thers.
53. Accrding t Paragraph 4, ding certain right things with a lving heart makes ne________.
A. less selfish.B. less annying.
C. mre mtivated.D. mre respnsible.
54. In what case may gd intentins fail t lead t desired results?
A. When we have wrng knwledge f the wrld.
B. When ur lve fr the wrld is insufficient.
C. When we are insensitive t dangers in life.
D. When we stay blind t the reality.
55. Accrding t Paragraph 5, life can be made truly gd when ________.
A. inspired by lve and guided by knwledge
B. directed by lve and pushed by knwledge
C. purified by lve and enriched by knwledge
D. prmted by lve and defined by knwledge
10.【2020北京卷】
Certain frms f AI are indeed becming ubiquitus. Fr example, algrithms(算法)carry ut huge vlumes f trading n ur financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing n city streets, and ur smartphnes are translating frm ne language int anther. These systems are smetimes faster and mre perceptive than we humans are. But s far that is nly true fr the specific tasks fr which the systems have been designed. That is smething that sme AI develpers are nw eager t change.
Sme f tday's AI pineers want t mve n frm tday's wrld f “weak” r “narrw” AI, t create “strng” r “full” AI, r what is ften called artificial general intelligence(AGI). In sme respects, tday's pwerful cmputing machines already make ur brains lk weak. AGI culd, its advcates say, wrk fr us arund the clck, and drawing n all available data, culd suggest slutins t many prblems. DM, a cmpany fcused n the develpment f AGI, has an ambitin t “slve intelligence”. “If we're successful,” their missin statement reads, “we believe this will be ne f the mst imprtant and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”
Since the early days f AI, imaginatin has utpaced what is pssible r even prbable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Gd predicted the eventual creatin f an "ultra- intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities f any man, hwever clever." Gd went n t suggest that “the first ultra -intelligent machine "culd be “the last inventin that man need ever make."
Fears abut the appearance f bad, pwerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinfrced (强化) by many wrks f fictin—Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and the Terminatr film series, fr example. But if AI des eventually prve t be ur dwnfall, it is unlikely t be at the hands f human-shaped frms like these, with recgnisably human mtivatins such as aggressin (敌对行为). Instead, I agree with Oxfrd University philspher Nick Bstrm, wh believes that the heaviest risks frm A GI d nt cme frm a decisin t turn against mankind but rather frm a dgged pursuit f set bjectives at the expense f everything else.
The prmise and danger f true A GI are great. But all f tday's excited discussin abut these pssibilities presuppses the fact that we will be able t build these systems. And, having spken t many f the wrld's fremst AI researchers, I believe there is gd reasn t dubt that we will see A GI any time sn, if ever:
42. What des the underlined wrd “ubiquitus” in Paragraph I prbably mean?
A. Enrmus in quantity. B. Changeable daily.
C. Stable in quality. D. Present everywhere.
43. What culd A GI d fr us, accrding t its supprters?
A. Help t tackle prblems. B. Make brains mre active.
C. Benefit ambitius peple. D. Set up pwerful databases.
44. As fr Irving Gd's pinin n ultra-intelligent machines, the authr is ____________.
A. supprtive B. disapprving
C. fearful D. uncertain
45. What can be inferred abut A GI frm the passage?
A. It may be nly a dream. B. It will cme int being sn.
C. It will be cntrlled by humans. D. It may be mre dangerus than ever.
11.【2019全国III卷】
Fr Western designers, China and its rich culture have lng been an inspiratin fr Western creative.
"It's n secret that China has always been a surce(来源)f inspiratin fr designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative fficer at A+E Netwrks, a glbal media cmpany and hme t sme f the biggest fashin(时尚)shws.
Earlier this year, the China Thrugh A Lking Glass exhibitin in New Yrk exhibited 140 pieces f China-inspired fashinable clthing alngside Chinese wrks f art, with the aim f explring the influence f Chinese aesthetics(美学)n Western fashin and hw China has fueled the fashinable imaginatin fr centuries. The exhibitin had recrd attendance, shwing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impssible t verlk," says Hill. "Chinese mdels are the faces f beauty and fashin campaigns that sell dreams t wmen all ver the wrld, which means Chinese wmen are nt just cnsumers f fashin — they are central t its mvement. "Of curse, nly are tday's tp Western designers being influenced by China; sme f the best designers f cntemprary fashin are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jasn Wu are taking n Galian, Albaz, Marc Jacbs-and beating them hands dwn in design and sales," adds Hil.
Fr Hill, it is impssible nt t talk abut China as the leading player when discussing fashin. "The mst famus designers are Chinese, s are the mdels, and s are the cnsumers," she says. "China is n lnger just anther market; in many senses it has becme the market. If yu talk abut fashin tday, yu are talking abut China-its influences, its directin, its breathtaking clthes, and hw yung designers and mdels are finally acknwledging that in many ways."
24. What can we learn abut the exhibitin in New Yrk?
A. It prmted the sales f artwrks.
B. It attracted a large number f visitrs.
C. It shwed ancient Chinese clthes.
D. It aimed t intrduce Chinese mdels.
25. What des Hill say abut Chinese wmen?
A. They are setting the fashin.B. They start many fashin campaigns.
C. They admire super mdels.D. They d business all ver the wrld.
26. What d the underlined wrds "taking n" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning frmB. lking dwn n
C. wrking withD. cmpeting against
27. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Yung Mdels Selling Dreams t the Wrld
B. A Chinese Art Exhibitin Held in New Yrk
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling Internatinal Fashin Trends
12.【2018北京卷】
Preparing Cities fr Rbt Cars
The pssibility f self-driving rbt cars has ften seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away frm materializing in the real wrld. Well, the future is apparently nw. The Califrnia Department f Mtr Vehicles began giving permits in April fr cmpanies t test truly self-driving cars n public rads. The state als cleared the way fr cmpanies t sell r rent ut self-driving cars, and fr cmpanies t perate driverless taxi services. Califrnia, it shuld be nted, isn’t leading the way here. Cmpanies have been testing their vehicles in cities acrss the cuntry. It’s hard t predict when driverless cars will be everywhere n ur rads. But hwever lng it takes, the technlgy has the ptential t change ur transprtatin systems and ur cities, fr better r fr wrse, depending n hw the transfrmatin is regulated.
While much f the debate s far has been fcused n the safety f driverless cars(and rightfully s), plicymakers als shuld be talking abut hw self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissins(排放) and ffer mre cnvenient, affrdable mbility ptins. The arrival f driverless vehicles is a chance t make sure that thse vehicles are envirnmentally friendly and mre shared.
D we want t cpy — r even wrsen — the traffic f tday with driverless cars? Imagine a future where mst adults wn individual self-driving vehicles. They tlerate lng, slw jurneys t and frm wrk n packed highways because they can wrk, entertain themselves r sleep n the ride, which encurages urban spread. They take their driverless car t an appintment and set the empty vehicle t circle the building t avid paying fr parking. Instead f walking a few blcks t pick up a child r the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The cnvenience even leads fewer peple t take public transprt — an unwelcme side effect researchers have already fund in ride-hailing(叫车) services.
A study frm the University f Califrnia at Davis suggested that replacing petrl-pwered private cars wrldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems culd reduce carbn emissins frm transprtatin 80% and cut the cst f transprtatin infrastructure(基础设施) and peratins 40% by 2050. Fewer emissins and cheaper travel sund pretty appealing. The first cmmercially available driverless cars will almst certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, cnsidering the cst f self-driving technlgy as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car wnership culd increase as the prices drp and mre peple becme cmfrtable with the technlgy.
Plicymakers shuld start thinking nw abut hw t make sure the appearance f driverless vehicles desn’t extend the wrst aspects f the car-cntrlled transprtatin system we have tday. The cming technlgical advancement presents a chance fr cities and states t develp transprtatin systems designed t mve mre peple, and mre affrdably. The car f the future is cming. We just have t plan fr it.
47. Accrding t the authr, attentin shuld be paid t hw driverless cars can __________.
A. help deal with transprtatin-related prblems
B. prvide better services t custmers
C. cause damage t ur envirnment
D. make sme peple lse jbs
48. As fr driverless cars, what is the authr’s majr cncern?
A. Safety.B. Side effects.
C. Affrdability.D. Management.
49. What des the underlined wrd “fielded” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Emplyed.B. Replaced.
C. Shared.D. Reduced.
50. What is the authr’s attitude t the future f self-driving cars?
A. Dubtful.B. Psitive.
C. Disapprving.D. Sympathetic.
年份
卷别
主题语境
话题分类
2025
全国I卷
人与社会
城市交通问题
北京卷
人与社会
能否延长看屏幕时间的争论
2024
新高考I卷
人与社会
纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果
北京卷
人与社会
讨论科学问题：宇宙是否是由计算机模拟生成的
浙江卷1月
人与自然
加拿大Alberta防雹千预计划之争
2023
全国乙卷
人与社会
物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性
2022
全国甲卷
人与社会
悉尼发展中面临的问题
北京卷
人与社会
量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？
天津卷
人与社会
美好生活的秘诀
议
论
文
文
章
类
型
演绎论证议论文
是从已知的一般原理，规律出发，推知个别事物本质的论证方法。该类文体一般先提出一个总论点，然后分别进行论述，分析各个分论点，最后得出结论。
归纳论证议论文
是一种由个别到一般的论证方法。它通过许多个别的事例或分论点，然后归纳出它们所共有的特性，从而得出一个一般性的结论。
比较论证议论文
是一种由个别到个别的论证方法。通常分为类比法和对比法两类。类比法是将性质或特点在某一方面相同或相近的不同事物加以比较而引出结论的方法。对比法是通过性质或特点在某一方面相反或对立的不同事物的比较来证明论点的方法。
命题
要点
由于议论的目的是表明自己对事物的看法和态度，因此，命题时常考察其观点态度以及根据文章内容归纳主旨大意等，有时也对文章的结构进行考察。
1.演绎论证议论文：注意文章的开篇，因为文章的开篇是文章的主旨，抓住了主旨，也就抓住了作者的观点，从而把握了文章的中心思想。
2.归纳论证议论文：注意文章的尾段，因为尾段是对前面所举事例和分论点的归纳和概括。
3.比较论证议论文：注意事物的相同点以及不同点，并由此来把握文章的主旨。
做题时可使用以下三个步骤：重首尾，明方式，细推测。
题型1
段落大意题
每个段落都有一个中心思想,且中心思想通常会在段落的首句或尾句体现出来,这个句子就是常说的段落主题句。没有给出明显的主题句时,要根据段落内容概括出段落大意
题型2
文章大意题
考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力,即考查考生的归纳概括能力
题型3
标题归纳题
概括出文章的中心思想,并对中心思想再次加以提炼,拟定出文章的标题。文章标题可以是单词、短语,也可以是句子
段落
功能
关键词句
Para.1
提出问题
"Is cmprehensin the " 双重疑问句引发思考
Para.2-3
对比论证
"When reading texts f several hundred wrds..., learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than n screen. "
Para.4
理论深化
"shallwing hypthesis" 解释心理机制
Para.5
延伸对比
"Audi and remember less" 扩大讨论维度
Para.6
结论建议
"educatrs shuldn’t assume..." 提出辩证解决方案