2024-2025学年广东省广州市白云区八年级下学期期末考试英语试题(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2024-2025学年广东省广州市白云区八年级下学期期末考试英语试题(含详细答案解析)，共22页。试卷主要包含了语法选择，完形填空，阅读理解，信息匹配，首字母短文填空，完成句子，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
One day, tw bys were fighting badly. They bth wanted 1 the train and railway set. Their father saw this, pulled them apart, and said, “My little sns, yu 2 a lt f stries abut animals since yu were brn. Did yu knw 3 hunters caught mnkeys in the past? They wuld place a glass jar 4 a small neck n the grund. Then, inside the jar, the mnkeys’ favrite fd wuld 5 .”
“When 6 mnkey fund the jar,” the father said, “it wuld reach inside, take the fd, and try t 7 . The mnkey culd have gtten its hand ut 8 the neck f the jar hadn’t been s small. It culdn’t get ut withut giving up the fd.” The bys listened 9 , their eyes wide with curisity. “N matter hw hard the mnkey tried,” the father cntinued, “it culdn’t free its hand with the fd in it. The mnkey wuld pull and tug, but the narrw neck f the jar made it impssible t escape 10 it was hlding the fd.” The children asked tgether, “What?” The father replied, “The mnkey always refused t let g. It held nt the fd, never giving up. It was t stubbrn t realize that letting g was the nly way t be free. Then the hunters came ver and gt the mnkey with excitement.”
The bys lked at each ther, understanding the lessn their father was trying t teach 11 . “S, my little sns, remember this stry. In life, yu 12 be wise. Knw when t give up, when t mve n, and when t let g f whatever is hlding yu back. Just like the mnkey, smetimes it’s better t give up 13 small t find a better way t reach yur dreams. Yu can always find 14 train set, but fighting wn’t help yu get it.” The bys ndded, realizing that smetimes, letting g is the 15 chice.
1.A. getB. t getC. gettingD. gt
2.A. readB. readsC. have readD. had read
3.A. whyB. whenC. whereD. hw
4.A. withB. fC. withinD. beside
5.A. was putB. putsC. be putD. have put
6.A. theB. aC. anD. /
7.A. get ut themB. get them utC. get ut itD. get it ut
8.A. whenB. ifC. asD. thugh
9.A. careB. carefulC. carefullyD. caring
10.A. afterB. whileC. befreD. when
11.A. theirsB. theirC. theyD. them
12.A. shuldB. canC. mustD. may
13.A. smethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nthing
14.A. therB. the therC. antherD. thers
15.A. wiseB. wisestC. wiserD. wisely
二、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。
It was a sunny Sunday afternn. Maggie sat by the edge f her family’s new swimming pl, dipping her tes int the cl blue water. She had been dreaming f having a pl fr mnths, but nw she felt a little sad. When her mm 16 , she asked, “What’s wrng, Maggie?” Maggie 17 , “Amelia is afraid f water. She desn’t knw hw t swim. I thught she’d be playing with me in the pl all summer. I miss her. Nthing is fun withut her.”
Her mm smiled and said, “Why dn’t yu invite Amelia ver? Maybe we can help her feel 18 in the water. Remember hw we taught yur little brther t swim? Nw he swims like a dlphin.” Maggie lked a little mre 19 . “Yu’re right! I’ll call her right nw.” Later that afternn, Amelia arrived with her dad. “Are yu sure yu dn’t want me t stay?” he asked. Amelia 20 bravely. “I think I’m ready t try.”
“Great. I’ll be back in a cuple f 21 ,” her dad said. Amelia sat 22 n the side f the pl. Maggie and her mm spent the whle afternn helping Amelia. They started with simple 23 , hlding her hands and shwing her hw t flat. Slwly, Amelia began t feel mre cmfrtable.
When Amelia’s dad came back, everyne was surprised hw quickly the time had passed. “Watch this, Dad!” Amelia shuted, flating n her back. “I can d it!” She prudly shwed him her new 24 . Her dad was amazed. “Yu tw must be great teachers!” he said. Maggie’s mm laughed. “I think Amelia was just ready t learn. She did all the hard wrk herself.”
“Can we cme back tmrrw, Dad?” Amelia asked 25 . Everyne laughed, and Maggie knew that the summer was ging t be a lt mre fun with her best friend by her side.
16.A. discveredB. remindedC. nticedD. recmmended
17.A. sighedB. criedC. smiledD. shuted
18.A. quietB. safeC. warmD. cl
19.A. peacefulB. helpfulC. thankfulD. cheerful
20.A. refusedB. questinedC. nddedD. explained
21.A. hursB. daysC. weeksD. mnths
22.A. happilyB. nervuslyC. sadlyD. lnely
23.A. stepsB. waysC. methdsD. gestures
24.A. examplesB. skillsC. lessnsD. prgrams
25.A. sadlyB. kindlyC. excitedlyD. carelessly
三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
Summer is cming! Hw can we stay safe in the extreme heat? Here is sme infrmatin fr yu.
26.Which f the fllwing is a right way t face extreme heat?
A. A wrker wears dark-clred clthes when wrking utside.
B. A disabled persn feels ht and drinks little water.
C. A child drinks juice with t much sugar when he feels ht.
D. An ld persn stays cl in an air-cnditined place.
27.Which picture can best shw the relatinship between time and the temperature in a car?
A. B.
C. D.
28.What is the main tpic f the passage?
A. Hw t enjy summer activities.B. Hw t stay safe in extreme heat.
C. The dangers f extreme heat.D. Tips fr staying cl in summer.
B
The guitar is ne f the mst ppular musical instruments in the wrld. Many different cultures have played instruments like the guitar fr ver 3,000 years. The ldest instrument that we can see tday cmes frm Ancient Egypt. Yu can see this guitar in a museum in Cair. It belnged t a singer wh sang fr the Egyptian queen Hatshepsut. This type f guitar had a lng neck and nly three strings (弦).
The lute is als an ancient instrument similar t a guitar, but it has a shrt neck and a bdy like half a pear. It usually had mre strings than a guitar and they were in pairs. Frm 1100 t 1500, travelling singers and stry-tellers played the lute t g with their sngs.
Guitars smetimes had pairs f strings like the lute, but the guitar changed ver time t use single strings. Peple used guitars with six single strings fr the first time in the 1600s in Italy, but the mst imprtant change happened in the 1850s. The Spanish guitar maker Antni Trres Jurad made the guitar’s bdy bigger. His idea made the sund f the guitar luder and better. Mst f tday’s classical guitars fllw his design.
The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s. The electric guitars have a slid bdy and can make many different sunds. We als find them in many different shapes and sizes. Sme electric guitars dn’t lk like guitars at all!
29.Which f the fllwing is a lute?
A. B. C. D.
30.What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A. Shapes.B. Sunds.C. Guitars.D. Sizes.
31.In which rder did the fllwing happen?
a. The first electric guitars appeared.
b. Peple used guitars with six single strings in Italy.
c. Antni Trres Jurad made the guitar’s bdy bigger.
d. Travelling singers played the lute t g with their sngs.
A. d-b-c-aB. a-c-d-bC. d-a-c-bD. c-d-a-b
32.What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain hw t play the guitar.
B. T intrduce different types f guitars.
C. T cmpare the guitar with ther musical instruments.
D. T describe the histry f the guitar.
C
I jined a club called “Passing Help” last mnth. As fr why I jined this club, there is a tuching stry behind it.
One evening this May, I went t the cuntryside n business. My ld car brke dwn suddenly n my way hme. It was 25 miles away frm my huse. I wanted t get a ride, but there was n car passing by. It was als hard t take a taxi in such a lnely place. S I decided t take a bus hme. I walked frward and sn fund a bus stp nearby.
After a while, a bus came, but it did nt g t my twn. The bus driver was a yung wman. She tld me which bus I shuld take. I waited there fr abut thirty minutes. During that time, a truck passed by, but there was n space fr me t take a ride. Just then a car came t me and a wman came ut f the car. She was just the bus driver. “When I reached the bus statin, I fund that the bus t yur twn culdn’t cme, s I returned here t pick yu up. I just can’t leave yu here,” she said, “Get in my car and I will take yu back t yur hme.”
“It is a lng way,” I said.
“Cme n, sir,” she said. “Let’s g.”
On the way she tld me a stry, which happened a few years ag. Her car ran ut f gas halfway hme. As she was wndering what t d, an ld man driving by ffered t drive her up t a gas statin and then back t her car. The ld man tld her that he was a member f Passing Help and asked her t jin it t.
When we gt t my hme, it was already very late. I wanted t give her sme mney as a thank-yu, but she didn’t accept it. “As a club member, I’m just trying t help thse in need and d smething nice fr smebdy else. Pass it alng!” she said.
33.What kind f persn is the driver frm the stry?
A. She is very wealthy and likes t help thers.
B. She is a kind and respnsible persn.
C. She is nly interested in making mney.
D. She is nt very friendly t strangers.
34.Why did the bus driver tell the authr her wn experience?
A. T explain why she jined the “Passing Help” club.
B. T shw that she had als faced difficult situatins.
C. T ask the authr t jin the club.
D. T make the authr feel better abut his situatin.
35.What is the main theme f the stry?
A. The imprtance f having a well-made car.
B. The difficulties f traveling in the cuntryside.
C. The kindness f strangers and the pwer f helping thers.
D. The imprtance f being a member f a club.
36.What can we learn frm the “Passing Help” club?
A. Peple shuld nly help thse wh can help them in return.
B. It is better t avid helping strangers t avid incnvenience.
C. Jining a club is the nly way t be kind.
D. Helping thers can create a psitive cycle f kindness.
D
Many peple tday feel stressed (感到压力) by lasting cmpetitin, ften called the “rat race (内卷).” This means facing t much pressure (压力) in almst every part f life. Parents feel they must give their children the best things and pprtunities. Students get caught in an educatinal race, feeling they need t get grades and t attend the best schls t succeed. Office wrkers ften put in very lng hurs, smetimes ver 10 hurs a day. Peple push themselves extremely hard t make mre mney r achieve big gal believing this is the nly path t a gd life. Hwever, this lasting struggle ften leads t mre wrry and unhappiness instead f achievement.
Because f this heavy pressure, sme peple chse a different path called “lying flat. ” They decide t stp chasing thse big, stressful gals like buying an expensive huse, getting the highest grades, r landing the best jb. They might lse interest in wrking r studying hard. Instead f trying new things r learning new skills, they might just stay in their cmfrt zne, watching vides r playing games fr lng hurs. This can make them feel left behind as the wrld changes. Sadly, this chice ften leads t feeling upset and lsing cnfidence in themselves because they aren’t mving frward.
Clearly, neither the exhausting (使人精疲力尽的) “rat race” nr cmpletely “lying flat” is a healthy r happy slutin. Living nly fr lasting cmpetitin makes peple tired, stressed, and ften unhappy. On the ther hand, giving up cmpletely leads t bredm, feeling wrried, and missing ut n pprtunities.
The best way frward is t find a balanced way. We shuld still have dreams and gals, but we can pursue (追求) them with healthy cmpetitin. Healthy cmpetitin means trying ur best, learning, and imprving urselves, but withut endlessly cmparing urselves t thers r pushing t the pint f tiredness. It’s like playing a sprt: yu try t win, but yu als enjy the game and respect yur teammates and ppnents (对手). This balanced way allws us t make steady prgress, learn new things, and achieve meaningful things, while still having time t relax, enjy hbbies, and be happy. It helps us avid the extreme tiredness f the “rat race” and the lack f purpse in “lying flat,” leading t a mre satisfying life.
37.What is the main idea f the passage?
A. The “rat race” is necessary fr success in life.
B. “Lying flat” is a gd way t avid stress.
C. Bth the “rat race” and “lying flat” have their advantages.
D. A balanced way t life is the best slutin.
38.What des the passage suggest abut peple wh “lie flat”?
A. They are mre successful in life.
B. They feel mre relaxed and happy.
C. They may lse cnfidence and feel left behind.
D. They are mre likely t achieve their gals.
39.What des the authr mean by “healthy cmpetitin”?
A. Cmpeting with thers t make mre mney.
B. Managing t imprve yurself withut lasting cmparisn t thers.
C. Wrking extremely hard t achieve big gals.
D. Trying t be the best in everything yu d.
40.What is the authr’s purpse in writing this passage?
A. T suggest a balanced apprach t life as the best slutin.
B. T ask peple t stp cmpeting and “lie flat.”
C. T explain why the “rat race” is the nly way t succeed.
D. T encurage peple t wrk harder and achieve mre.
四、信息匹配：本大题共5小题，共10分。
阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mther’s Day, which falls n the secnd Sunday f May, is a hliday shwing lve t yur mther. Tday, it’s als a hliday t bring yur family jy. 41 .
Make yur hme beautiful
Get yur huse warm and fresh with sme decratins (装饰品). One idea is t cut paper hearts and hang them acrss a windw r a bkcase. 42 And put them in unexpected places. Surprise yur family with a wrd like “Yu lk gd tday!” n the bathrm mirrr r “I lve yu! ” n a cffee maker.
Make a special plan
One f the best ways t shw yur family that yu care abut them is t plan a special trip. 43 Or ask yur brther and sister t have a picnic in the park. Yu can als make sme preparatins fr the trip, like washing the family car, buying surprise snacks fr each f yur family members.
Try t make a dinner yurself
The hmemade fd is always ppular—everyne likes it! It’s time fr yu t have a try. 44 Then yu can enjy it with yur family. Let the fd shw ur lve and thanks and remind us f sweet memries.
Create a memry jar tgether
Find a clean jar r bx. Ask everyne in yur family t write dwn happy memries r things they lve abut each ther n small pieces f paper. 45 Fld the papers and place them inside the jar. Decrate the jar with stickers r ribbns. Keep it smewhere special and read the ntes tgether next year. This jar becmes a treasure full f family lve and jy, reminding everyne hw special yur hme is.
A．Yu can als add small phts r drawings.
B．Anther way is t write warm wrds n the paper hearts.
C．It’s a gd idea t invite yur mm fr a bike riding.
D．Yu can ck hmemade fd fr yur family.
E．Here are sme tips t shw yur lve and kindness this year.
41.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
42.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
43.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
44.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
45.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
五、首字母短文填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
46.阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Lng, lng ag in ancient China, the Jade Emperr wanted t create a special calendar. He decided t hld a r 46 fr all the animals. The first twelve animals t reach the finish line wuld becme part f the zdiac (十二生肖). The Snake, thugh small, was very clever and knew it needed a smart plan t win.
On that day, the Snake saw the Ox, wh was strng and steady. The Snake waved its bdy t get the Ox’s attentin and ffered t help. “I knw a shrtcut thrugh the frest,” the Snake said. The Ox, being kind, a 47 the Snake’s ffer and let the Snake ride n its back.
As they ran, the Snake felt p 48 and relaxed, knwing it had made a gd chice. But sn, they came t a dangerus river. The Ox was wrried, but the Snake encuraged it, “We can d this tgether! ” With the Snake’s help, the Ox crssed the river safely.
When they were clse t the finish line, the Snake jumped ff the Ox’s back and slithered quickly t the frnt. The Snake’s cleverness and bravery made a gd i 49 n the Jade Emperr. He decided t include the Snake as the sixth animal in the zdiac.
Frm then n, peple believed that thse b 50 in the Year f the Snake were wise and resurceful, just like the Snake in the stry. The Snake became a lvely and respected animal in the zdiac, knwn fr its clever mind and brave heart.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
六、完成句子：本大题共5小题，共10分。
47.昨天下午，一只迷路的小狗被发现蜷缩在灌木丛下瑟瑟发抖。A small lst puppy shivering under a bush yesterday afternn.
48.莉莉放学走路回家时，听到了小狗微弱的呜咽声。Lily hme frm schl when she heard a puppy’s faint whimpers.
49.由于寒冷的雨水，小狗看起来非常虚弱和害怕。 the cld rain, the puppy lked very weak and scared.
50.莉莉停下来，小心地抱起这只小狗。她真是太好了。 very Lily t stp and carefully pick up the little dg.
51.她把它抱回家，擦干它的身体，并承诺独自照顾它。She tk it hme, dried it ff, and prmised t lk after it .
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。
52.现在越来越多人养宠物，学校举行征文比赛，邀请全体学生以“ My favurite animal”为题向学校校报投稿，内容如以下思维导图。
注意：
1. 补全题目，可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
2. 词数80左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）；
3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
My Favurite Animal: __________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~15.【答案】B、C、D、A、C、B、D、B、C、B、D、A、A、C、B
【解析】1.
【导语】本文讲述父亲通过猴子抓食物的寓言教导孩子学会适时放弃的道理。
句意：他们俩都想得到火车和铁轨套装。
get得到，动词原形；t get得到，不定式；getting得到，现在分词；gt得到，过去式。want t d sth.“想做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B。
2.
句意：我的小儿子们，你们从出生起就读了很多关于动物的故事。
read读，动词原形；reads读，三单形式；have read，现在完成时；had read，过去完成时。根据“since yu were brn”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选C。
3.
句意：你们知道过去猎人是怎么抓猴子的吗？
why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里；hw怎样。后文描述猎人用罐子抓猴子的方法，需用hw表示方式，故选D。
4.
句意：他们会在地上放一个窄颈的玻璃罐子。
with有；f……的；within在……里；beside在旁边。“a small neck”是罐子的特征，用with表示伴随属性，故选A。
5.
句意：然后，罐子里会放上猴子最爱吃的食物。
was put被放置；puts放置；be put被放置；have put已经放。“wuld”后接动词原形，且食物是被放入，需用被动语态。故选C。
6.
句意：“当一只猴子发现罐子时，”父亲说，“它会把手伸进去，抓住食物，然后试图把它拿出来。如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。不放弃食物，它就拔不出手来。”
the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。此处表示泛指的含义，mnkey是辅音音素开头的单词，a符合。故选B。
7.
句意：“当一只猴子发现罐子时，”父亲说，“它会把手伸进去，抓住食物，然后试图把它拿出来。如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。不放弃食物，它就拔不出手来。”
get ut them，错误搭配；get them ut把它们拿出来；get ut it，错误搭配；get it ut把它拿出来。此处指食物，用代词it指代。故选D。
8.
句意：如果罐子颈没有那么细的话，猴子本可以把它的手抽出来。
when当……时候；if如果；as因为；thugh尽管。此处是虚拟条件句，需用if引导。故选B。
9.
句意：男孩们仔细听着，眼睛因好奇而睁得大大的。
care照顾，动词；careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；caring关心他人的，形容词。此处需用副词修饰动词“listened”。故选C。
10.
句意：猴子会又拉又拽，但罐子颈太窄，它抓着食物时就不可能逃脱。
after在……之后；while与……同时；befre在……之前；when当……时候。此处强调“抓着食物”和“无法逃脱”同时发生，且“抓着食物”是一个持续性的状态，while符合。故选B。
11.
句意：男孩们面面相觑，明白了父亲想教导他们的道理。
theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，主格；them他们，宾格。“teach”后接宾语，需用人称代词宾格them。故选D。
12.
句意：在生活中，你们应该是明智的。
shuld应该；can能够；must必须；may可能。父亲建议孩子“应当”学会取舍。故选A。
13.
句意：就像那只猴子一样，有时候，放弃一点小东西，才能找到更好的方式去实现梦想。
smething某物；anything任何事物；everything一切；nthing没有什么。根据“Just like the mnkey, smetimes it’s better t give up…small t find a better way t reach yur dreams.”的语境可知，此处指放弃一点小东西，才能找到更好的方式去实现梦想，此句为肯定句，A项符合。故选A。
14.
句意：你们总能找到另一套火车玩具，但打架并不能帮你们得到它。
ther其他的；the ther（两者中的）另一个；anther另一个，表示泛指；thers其他。此处泛指“另一套”火车玩具，用anther。故选C。
15.
句意：男孩们点了点头，意识到有时候，放手才是最明智的选择。
wise明智的；wisest最明智的；wiser更明智的；wisely明智地。此处用形容词，修饰名词chice，根据the可知，此处用最高级形式。故选B。
16~25.【答案】C、A、B、D、C、A、B、A、B、C
【解析】【导语】本文讲述Maggie因好友Amelia怕水而难过，最终在妈妈的建议下帮助Amelia克服恐惧并学会游泳的故事。
1.
句意：当她妈妈注意到时，她问道：“怎么了，Maggie？”
discvered发现；reminded提醒；nticed注意到；recmmended推荐。根据“but nw she felt a little sad”及“What’s wrng, Maggie?”可知，是注意到了她的情绪。故选C。
2.
句意： Maggie叹了口气：“Amelia怕水。她不会游泳……”
sighed叹气；cried哭泣；smiled微笑；shuted大喊。前文提到“sad”，此处应是叹气。故选A。
3.
句意：也许我们能帮助她在水里感到安全。
quiet安静的；safe安全的；warm温暖的；cl凉爽的。根据“Amelia is afraid f water.”可知，克服恐惧需安全感。故选B。
4.
句意：Maggie看起来高兴了些。
peaceful平静的；helpful有帮助的；thankful感激的；cheerful高兴的。根据“Yu’re right!”的积极反应可知，Maggie应是感到高兴了。故选D。
5.
句意：Amelia勇敢地点点头。
refused拒绝；questined质疑；ndded点头；explained解释。根据“Are yu sure yu dn’t want me t stay?”及“I think I’m ready t try.”可知，Amelia不让爸爸留在这里所以是点头同意。故选C。
6.
句意：我几小时后回来。
hurs小时；days天；weeks周；mnths月。根据下文讲述游泳教学以及“Can we cme back tmrrw, Dad?”及常识可知，此处应指小时。故选A。
7.
句意：Amelia紧张地坐在池边。
happily开心地；nervusly紧张地；sadly悲伤地；lnely孤独的。根据“afraid f water”可知，此处应是感到紧张。故选B。
8.
句意：她们从简单的步骤开始。
steps步骤；ways方式；methds方法；gestures手势。根据“hlding her hands and shwing her hw t flat.”可知，此处指教学步骤。故选A。
9.
句意：她自豪地向爸爸展示新技能。
examples例子；skills技能；lessns课程；prgrams项目。根据“flating n her back”可知，此处指游泳技能。故选B。
10.
句意：“爸爸，我们明天还能来吗？” Amelia兴奋地问。
sadly悲伤地；kindly亲切地；excitedly兴奋地；carelessly粗心地。根据“I can d it!”以及“Everyne laughed”可知，获得成功后，应是感到兴奋。故选C。
26~28.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍如何在酷热中保持安全。
1.
细节理解题。根据“Stay cl in an air-cnditined place.”可知，老人在有空调的地方能保持凉爽。故选D。
2.
细节理解题。根据图表中的车内温度和时间之间的关系为：20分钟时车内温度为43度，40分钟后车内温度为48度，60分钟时车内温度为51度。故选C。
3.
主旨大意题。根据“Hw can we stay safe in the extreme heat? Here is sme infrmatin fr yu.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍如何在酷热中保持安全。故选B。
29~32.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了吉他的历史演变过程，从其古老形式到现代电吉他的出现，展现了吉他随时间不断发展和变化的特点。
1.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The lute is als an ancient instrument similar t a guitar, but it has a shrt neck and a bdy like half a pear.”可知，鲁特琴是一种古老的乐器，与吉他相似，但它的琴颈较短，琴身像半个梨。因此，在选项中应选择一个符合鲁特琴这一特征的图形。故选C。
2.
词义猜测题。根据第四段“The electric guitars have a slid bdy and can make many different sunds. We als find them in many different shapes and sizes.”可知，电吉他的琴身是实心的，可以发出许多不同的声音，而且它们还有许多不同的形状和大小。这里的“them”显然是指前面提到的电吉他，因为后文提到的形状和大小都是用来描述电吉他的。因此，“them”指的是“Guitars（电吉他）”。故选C。
3.
细节理解题。根据文章内容，我们可以确定以下事件的顺序：首先，根据第二段“Frm 1100 t 1500, travelling singers and stry-tellers played the lute t g with their sngs.”可知，d项“游吟歌手弹奏鲁特琴来伴奏他们的歌曲”发生在1100年到1500年之间；其次，根据第三段“Peple used guitars with six single strings fr the first time in the 1600s in Italy”可知，b项“在意大利，人们首次使用六根单弦的吉他”发生在17世纪；再次，根据第三段“The Spanish guitar maker Antni Trres Jurad made the guitar’s bdy bigger.”可知，c项“安东尼奥·托雷斯·胡拉多把吉他的琴身做大了”发生在19世纪50年代；最后，根据第四段“The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s.”可知，a项“第一把电吉他出现了”发生在20世纪30年代。因此，事件的正确顺序是d-b-c-a。故选A。
4.
主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了吉他的古老形式，如古埃及的吉他和鲁特琴，然后讲述了吉他随时间的变化，包括从双弦到单弦的转变、琴身的变大以及电吉他的出现等。整篇文章围绕吉他的历史演变展开，因此主要目的是描述吉他的历史。选项D“描述吉他的历史”符合文章主旨。故选D。
33~36.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】【导语】本文讲述了作者加入“传递帮助”俱乐部的缘由：作者一次在乡下出差时，汽车抛锚，一位公交车女司机特意折返送他回家，并分享了自己因受他人帮助而加入该俱乐部的经历，体现了善意的传递和互助的力量。
1.
细节理解题。根据“Just then a car came t me and a wman came ut f the ‘Get in my car and I will take yu back t yur hme.’”和“I wanted t give her sme mney as a thank-yu, but she didn’t accept it.”可知，女司机发现前往作者小镇的公交车无法到达后，特意折返接作者回家，且拒绝了报酬，还践行“传递帮助”的理念，体现了她的善良和责任感。故选B。
2.
细节理解题。根据“Her car ran ut f gas halfway hme. As she was wndering what t d, an ld man driving by ffered t drive her up t a gas statin and then back t her car. The ld man tld her that he was a member f Passing Help and asked her t jin it t.”可知，司机提到几年前自己车没油时，一位老人帮助了她，老人是“传递帮助”俱乐部成员并邀请她加入，她讲述这段经历是为了解释自己加入该俱乐部的原因。故选A。
3.
主旨大意题。故事核心是陌生人（女司机）的善意帮助，以及“传递帮助”俱乐部所体现的互助精神，强调了陌生人的善意和助人的力量。故选C。
4.
推理判断题。根据“Pass it alng”可知，受助者再帮助他人，形成善意的正向循环。故选D。
37~40.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了现代社会中普遍存在的两种生活态度——“内卷”和“躺平”，并指出这两种态度都存在弊端，进而提出平衡的生活方式才是最佳解决方案。
1.
主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了“内卷”现象，即人们在生活的各个方面都面临巨大压力，接着描述了与之相反的“躺平”现象，即一些人选择放弃追求高压力的目标，但随后指出这两种态度都存在问题。最后，文章提出平衡的生活方式，即既要有梦想和目标，又要以健康的方式追求它们，避免过度竞争和完全放弃。因此，文章的主旨大意是平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案。故选D。
2.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This can make them feel left behind as the wrld changes. Sadly, this chice ften leads t feeling upset and lsing cnfidence in themselves because they aren’t mving frward.”可知，选择“躺平”的人可能会随着世界的变化而感到被落下，并且因为不前进而感到沮丧和失去自信。因此，选项C“他们可能会失去信心并感到被落下”符合题意。故选C。
3.
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Healthy cmpetitin means trying ur best, learning, and imprving urselves, but withut endlessly cmparing urselves t thers r pushing t the pint f tiredness.”可知，健康的竞争意味着尽我们最大的努力，学习并提升自己，但不要无休止地与他人比较或把自己逼到疲惫的境地。因此，选项B“设法提升自己而不与他人进行无休止的比较”符合题意。故选B。
4.
主旨大意题。文章首先描述了“内卷”和“躺平”两种现象及其弊端，然后提出平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案，并解释了健康竞争的含义和重要性。因此，作者的写作目的是建议人们采取平衡的生活方式。选项A“建议平衡的生活方式作为最佳解决方案”符合题意。故选A。
41~45.【答案】E、B、C、D、A
【解析】1.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章围绕母亲节这一主题，给出了几个在母亲节为家人带来欢乐、表达爱意的建议。
根据下文“Make yur hme beautiful”“Make a special plan”“Try t make a dinner yurself”“Create a memry jar tgether”可知，文章给出了几个在母亲节为家人带来欢乐、表达爱意的建议，故此处是引出下文的建议，选项E“以下是一些在今年表达你的爱和善意的建议”符合语境，故选E。
2.
根据“One idea is t cut paper hearts and hang them acrss a windw r a bkcase”可知，本段建议剪纸心装饰家里，选项B“另一种方法是在纸心上写温暖的话语”符合语境，进一步说明了纸心的用途，故选B。
3.
根据“One f the best ways t shw yur family that yu care abut them is t plan a special trip”可知，本段建议计划一次特别的旅行，下文“Or ask yur brther and sister t have a picnic in the park.”说明或者可以邀请你的兄弟姐妹去公园野餐。由此推知，空处应说明另一种旅行方式。选项C“邀请你妈妈骑自行车是个好主意”符合情景，故选C。
4.
根据上文“The hmemade fd is always ppular—everyne likes it! It’s time fr yu t have a try.”可知，此处介绍了自制食物很受欢迎，建议尝试一下；下文“Then yu can enjy it with yur family.”说明然后你可以和家人一起享用。由此推知，空处应说明自制食物的具体内容。选项D“你可以为家人做家常菜”符合情景，故选D。
5.
根据上文“Ask everyne in yur family t write dwn happy memries r things they lve abut each ther n small pieces f paper.”可知，此处介绍了一种创造记忆罐的方式，即让家人写下快乐的回忆或他们彼此喜爱的事情，写在纸上；下文“Fld the papers and place them inside the jar.”说明把纸折起来放进罐子里。由此推知，空处应说明在纸上还可以添加其他内容。选项A“你也可以添加小照片或图画”符合情景，故选A。
46.【答案】【小题1】
ace
【小题2】
ccepted
【小题3】
eaceful
【小题4】
mpressin
【小题5】
rn
【解析】1.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在古代中国，玉皇大帝举办了一场动物比赛，前十二名到达终点的动物将成为十二生肖的一部分，蛇凭借自己的聪明和勇敢，最终成为十二生肖中的第六个动物的故事。
句意：他决定为所有的动物举办一场比赛。根据“The first twelve animals t reach the finish line wuld becme part f the zdiac (十二生肖).”可知，前十二名到达终点的动物将成为十二生肖的一部分，所以玉皇大帝举办的是一场比赛，race“比赛”，名词，空前有a，用名词单数，故填(r)ace。
2.
句意：牛很善良，接受了蛇的提议，让蛇骑在它的背上。根据“The Ox, being kind, Snake’s ffer and let the Snake ride n its back.”可知，牛接受了蛇的提议，accept“接受”，动词，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填(a)ccepted。
3.
句意：当它们奔跑时，蛇感到平静和放松，知道它做了一个正确的选择。根据“relaxed”可知，蛇感到平静和放松，peaceful“平静的”，形容词作表语，故填(p)eaceful。
4.
句意：蛇的聪明和勇敢给玉皇大帝留下了很好的印象。根据“The Snake’s cleverness and bravery made a gd the Jade Emperr.”可知，蛇的聪明和勇敢给玉皇大帝留下了很好的印象，impressin“印象”，名词，make a gd impressin n“给……留下好印象”，故填(i)mpressin。
5.
句意：从那时起，人们相信在蛇年出生的人就像故事中的蛇一样聪明和足智多谋。根据“peple believed that thse the Year f the Snake were wise and resurceful”及常识可知，人们相信在蛇年出生的人就像故事中的蛇一样聪明和足智多谋，be brn“出生”，此处用过去分词brn作后置定语修饰thse，故填(b)rn。
47.【答案】was
fund
curled
up
【解析】【详解】根据语境可知，该句描述的是昨天下午发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。且“一只迷路的小狗”和“发现”之间为动宾关系，即小狗是被发现的，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语“A small lst puppy”是单数，be动词用was；“发现”的英文表达是find，其过去分词是fund。“蜷缩”可翻译为curl up，此处用其过去分词形式curled up。故填was；fund；curled；up。
48.【答案】was
walking
【解析】【详解】根据语境可知，此句用过去进行时；由汉语提示可知，此处缺少“正在走路”；走路walk，由when引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应用过去进行时表示动作正在进行。故填was；walking。
49.【答案】Because
f
【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处使用because f“因为，由于”，介词短语，后接名词等。故填Because；f。
50.【答案】It
was
kind
f
【解析】【详解】根据中文意思可知，该句对应的英文句型为“It is/was f sb. t d sth.”，kind“好的”，为描述人品质的形容词，时态为过去时，be动词用was。故填It；was；kind；f。
51.【答案】by
herself
【解析】【详解】根据语境可知，此处缺少“她独自”的对应英文，短语为“by herself”。故填by；herself。
52.【答案】例文：
My Favurite Animal: My Dg Lucky
My favurite animal is my dg Lucky. He is a glden retriever with sft yellw fur. I like him because he is lyal and always greets me warmly when I get hme.
We live happily tgether. I take him fr a walk every mrning, and he listens t my stries patiently. Keeping Lucky teaches me respnsibility—I feed him and clean his kennel regularly.
Frm Lucky, I learn abut lve and lyalty. He shws me that simple cmpaninship can bring great jy.
【解析】【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文；
②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已通过思维导图形式给出，包括动物名称、外貌特征、性格特点、与自己的日常互动以及从宠物身上学到的品质或感受。考生需确保不遗漏这些提示信息，并适当拓展内容，使文章更加丰富生动。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图。直接点明自己最喜欢的动物是什么。
第二步：具体阐述写作内容。描述动物的外貌特征，阐述喜欢该动物的原因，主要描述其性格特点，介绍与动物的日常互动，讲述从宠物身上学到的品质或感受。
第三步：总结全文，表达对宠物的喜爱之情。
[亮点词汇]
①greet sb. warmly热情地向某人打招呼
②simple cmpaninship简单的陪伴
[高分句型]
①Keeping Lucky teaches me respnsibility—I feed him and clean his kennel regularly. (动名词作主语)
②He shws me that simple cmpaninship can bring great jy. (宾语从句)
utside temperature 27℃