人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Body Language学案

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Body Language学案，共7页。学案主要包含了基本概念，关系代词的基本用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的形容词性从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，有时也可与先行词分离。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。如：
先行词
The wman wh lives next dr is a dctr.
The days are gne when yu culd leave the dr pen at night.

3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词：that, which, wh, whm, whse, as
关系副词：when, where, why.
二、关系代词的基本用法。
定语从句 1.2 --- 非限制性定语从句关系代词的用法
观察下列非限制性定语从句，总结其与限制性定语从句之间的差异。
试翻译以下两句话，体会比较非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的意义区别
The ld man has a sn, wh is in the army. __________________________________________
The ld man has a sn wh is in the army.__________________________________________
总结
***** 特殊结构
代词／数词／名词／形容词比较级、最高级等＋f ＋which／whm
China has hundreds f islands ff its sutheast cast, the largest f which is Taiwan．
Tm tried n tw jackets, neither f which fitted him.
They’ve gt three cars, tw f which they never use.
The factry has ver 8, 000 wrkers, eighty percent f whm are wmen.
***** 定语从句中的主谓一致
He is ne f the students wh were praised.
He is the ne/ the nly ne f the students wh was praised.
I, wh am yur friend, advise yu nt t smke.
Yu, wh are my friend, shuld help me.
定语从句1.3 关系代词用法区分
定语从句关系代词预习小练
I. 学习定语从句1.1，用适当的关系代词/介词+关系代词填空 (●’◡’●)wh/that 2. wh/that 3. whse 4. that/which/省略5. that/which 6. as 7. that 8. whm/wh/that
9. whm; whm 10. n/upn which
1. They were well trained by their masters __________ had great experience with caring fr these animals.
2. Many westerners ________ cme t China seldm ck themselves when they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.
3. A cmpany __________prfits frm hme markets are declining may seek pprtunities abrad.
4. The exact year _____________ Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2008.
5. Finally he reached a lnely island ________ was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.
6. This is s difficult a prblem ___________ nbdy culd answer.
7. This is s difficult a prblem ___________ nbdy culd answer it.
8. The teacher _______I like best ften encurages me t fight fr my dream.
9. Peple t ___________ much is given are peple f ___________much will be expected.
10. Sme experts think reading is the basic skill _________ __________ schl educatin depends.
II. 学习定语从句1.2，用适当的关系代词填空 (●’◡’●)1. which 2. whse 3. which 4. whse 5. whm
6. which 7. as/which 8. wh
9. whse 10. which
1. By nw, we have raised 50.000 punds fr the pr children, ______ is quite unexpected.
2. My eldest sn, _______ wrk takes him all ver the wrld, is in New Yrk at the mment.
3. Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears, nne f ______ has been prved.
4. The bks n the desk, ______________ cvers are shiny, are prizes fr us.
5. Jhn invited abut 40 peple t his wedding, mst f ___________ are family members.
6. Anyway, that evening, ___________ I’ll tell yu mre abut later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.
7. There is n simple answer, ______________ is ften the case in science.
8. But Sarah, ____________ has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
9. In 1963 the UN set up the Wrld Fd Prgram, ne f ________ purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
10. He wrte many children's bks, nearly half f ________ were published in the 1990s.
III. 学习定语从句1.3，用适当的关系代词填空 (●’◡’●)1. that 2. that 3. that 4. As 5. which
6. that 7. wh
8. that 9. that 10. wh
1. This is the best film ________ has been shwn s far in the city.
2. February is the nly mnth ________ has fewer than 30 days.
3. My sn made ntes f everything ________ he read.
4. _________ is reprted, the number f smkers has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
5. Hurricane Camille, ______ is ne f the mst pwerful strms striking America, brught death and destructin.
6. Can yu remember the scientist and his thery ______________ we have learned?
7. The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse __________ are ttally engaged in academic life.
8. This is the very pen ______________ I am lking fr.
9. Ningb is n lnger the city______________ it was ten years ag.
10. Lenard da Vinci was an extrardinary genius, _______ is believed t be “Renaissance man”.
I. 1. wh/that 2. wh/that 3. whse 4. that/which/省略5. that/which 6. as 7. that 8. whm/wh/that
9. whm; whm 10. n/upn which
II. 1. which 2. whse 3. which 4. whse 5. whm 6. which 7. as/which 8. wh 9. whse 10. which
III. 1. that 2. that 3. that 4. As 5. which 6. that 7. wh 8. that 9. that 10. wh
定语从句课后巩固练习DDADD
DAAAC
ADBCC
BCCDD
1．A lt f language learning, ________has been discvered, is happening in the first year f life.
A．whatB．thatC．whereD．as
2．Have yu sent thank-yu ntes t the relatives frm _ _ yu received gifts?
A．whichB．themC．thatD．whm
3．Please send us all the infrmatin yu have abut the candidate fr the psitin.
A．thatB．whichC．asD．what
4．It is a truly delightful place, ________lks the same as it was 100 years ag with its winding streets.
A．asB．whereC．thatD．which
5．Happiness and success ften cme t thse _______ are gd at recgnizing their wn strengths.
A．whmB．whatC．whichD．wh
6．They’ve wn their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising.
A．thatB．whenC．whatD．which
7．She has a gift fr creating an atmsphere fr her students ___ allws them t cmmunicate freely with each ther.
A．whichB．whereC．whatD．wh
8．It wasn’t such a gd dinner ____________ she had prmised us.
A. asB. what C. which D. where
9．The cmpany and the effect brught abut did great gd t ur business in the market.
A．itB．whichC．thatD．what
10．Mre peple prefer t live in the cuntryside, _______ attractin t them lies in the quiet and slw-paced life.
A．whB．whichC．whseD．what
11．Wind pwer is an ancient surce f energy _____ we may return in the near future.
A．t whichB．by whichC．frm whichD．n which
12．The curse nrmally attracts abut 100 students per year, ____________ up t 50 percent will be frm abrad.
A．whB．f whichC．whenD．f whm
13．After the flding, peple were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter t survive.
A．whichB．whC．whereD．what
14．It is the third time that she has wn the race, ________ has surprised us all.
A．thatB．whereC．whichD．what
15．“Yu can’t judge a bk by its cver,” ________.
A．as the saying ges ldB．ges as the ld saying
C．as the ld saying gesD．ges as ld the saying
16．I wish t thank Prfessr Smith, withut ________ help I wuld never have gt this far.
A．whB．whseC．whmD．which
17．Maria has written tw nvels, bth f ________ have been made int televisin series.
A．themB．thatC．whichD．what
18．In ur class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glasses.
A．in whmB．in themC．f whmD．f them
19．Last week, nly tw peple came t lk at the huse, ________ wanted t buy it.
A．nne f themB．bth f themC．nne f whmD．neither f whm
20．The way ______the teacher gave his lessns was easy t understand.
A．whichB．whatC．in thatD．in which
DDADD DAAACADBCCBCCDD
定语从句翻译练习
1． 众所周知，如果你能从失败中吸收教训，你就能避免重蹈覆辙。（avid ding sth）
2．这些历经时间考验的经典作品总能开拓读者的视野。(stand the test f time)
3．他假装对大城市的生活很熟悉，这让我很生气。(pretend; be familiar with)
4. 他沉溺于电脑游戏，学业成绩深受不良影响。(be addicted t; academic perfrmance)
5. 杰克坚定地看了我一眼，这表明他决不向困难屈服。(surrender t difficulty)
6. 宁波位于中国东部，它的名字代表着“平静的海浪”。(lie in/be lcated in)
7. 从下面的山谷望去，山顶上覆盖着雪的那座山是一道壮丽的风景。(view; be cvered/blanketed with; s splendid sight)
8. 泛读是掌握英语的基本技能。(the basic skill; depend n/upn)
9．面试中，这位求职者流露出自信和善良，给我留下了很深的印象。(impress)
10．你应该多请教老师，从老师那里你可以清楚地知道自己在学习上的优缺点。(cnsult; strengths and weaknesses)
11．大量的灾难威胁着人类文明，其中最具破坏性的是人类自身引发的世界大战。(threaten human civilizatin; 最高级+which)
12．街上挤满了刚从地震中侥幸逃生的人。(pack; a narrw escape)
13．没有任何对大火的反抗，这场大火的威力足以使太阳变红，使白天变暗，使大地遍布烟雾。（ppse the flames; redden; darken; fill sth with sth）
14．正如你所见，目前在地震中死亡或受重伤的人数在不断增加。(as yu can see)
15. 志愿者尽全力给被困在村子里的人送去了食物和其他救灾补给品。（trap; deliver; supply）
Keys (pssible versin)
1． 众所周知，如果你能从失败中吸收教训，你就能避免重蹈覆辙。（avid ding sth）
As is knwn t all, if yu can learn frm failures, yu can avid repeating the same mistake/ making the same mistake repeatedly.
2．这些历经时间考验的经典作品总能开拓读者的视野。(stand the test f time)
These classics that have std the test f time can always braden the readers’ hrizns.
3．他假装对大城市的生活很熟悉，这让我很生气。(pretend; be familiar with)
He pretended t be/get familiar with life in big cities, which made me really angry.
4. 他沉溺于电脑游戏，学业成绩深受不良影响。(be addicted t; academic perfrmance)
He is addicted t (playing) cmputer games, which negatively affects/has a negative effect n his academic perfrmance.
5. 杰克坚定地看了我一眼，这表明他决不向困难屈服。(surrender t difficulty)
Jack gave/sht me a determined lk, which shwed that he wuld never surrender/give in t difficulty.
6. 宁波位于中国东部，它的名字代表着“平静的海浪”。(lie in/be lcated in)
Ningb, whse name means ‘calm waves’, lies in/is lcated in the east f China.
7. 从下面的山谷望去，山顶上覆盖着雪的那座山是一道壮丽的风景。(view; be cvered/blanketed with; s splendid sight)
When viewed frm the valley belw, the muntain whse tp is cvered/blanketed with snw ffers us a splendid sight/is a splendid sight.
8. 泛读是掌握英语的基本技能。(the basic skill; depend n/upn)
Extensive reading is the basic skill n which a gd cmmand/the mastery f English depends.
9．面试中，这位求职者流露出自信和善良，给我留下了很深的印象。(impress)
The cnfidence and kindness (that/which) the emplyee shwed in the interview impressed me a lt.
10．你应该多请教老师，从老师那里你可以清楚地知道自己在学习上的优缺点。(cnsult; strengths and weaknesses)
Yu’re suppsed t cnsult teachers mre, frm whm yu can clearly knw yur strengths and weaknesses in studies.
11．大量的灾难威胁着人类文明，其中最具破坏性的是人类自身引发的世界大战。(threaten human civilizatin; 最高级+which)
A large number f disasters have threatened/threaten human civilizatin, the mst destructive f which is the wrld war caused by humans themselves.
12．街上挤满了刚从地震中侥幸逃生的人。(pack; a narrw escape)
The streets were packed/jammed with peple wh just had a narrw escape frm the earthquake.
13．没有任何对大火的反抗，这场大火的威力足以使太阳变红，使白天变暗，使大地遍布烟雾。（ppse the flames; redden; darken; fill sth with sth）
There was n ppsing the flames, whse pwer was enugh t redden the sun, darken the day and fill the land with smke.
14．正如你所见，目前在地震中受伤和死亡的人数在不断增加。(as yu can see)
As yu can see, the number f peple wh were dead r badly injured in the earthquake is increasing at present.
15. 志愿者尽全力给被困在村子里的人送去了食物和其他补给品。（trap; deliver; supply）
Vlunteers made great effrts t deliver fd and ther relief supplies t the peple/thse wh were trapped in the village.
指代
例句
关系代词及其所充当的成分
1.人
He wh des nt reach the Great Wall is nt a true man.
This is the famus scientist wh/whm/that we visited last week.
Ldge is n lng the man that he was ten years ag.
1. wh 主语、宾语
2. which 宾语
3. that主语、宾语、表语
2.物
He finally wrked ut the prblem which/ that puzzled him fr a lng time.
The fish that/which we bught yesterday were nt fresh.
My typewriter is nt the machine that it was.
1. that 主语、宾语、表语
2. which 主语、宾语
3.人的；物的
There is a muntain whse tp is always cvered with snw.
They rushed ver t help the man whse car brke dwn.
whse 定语
******as的用法
as充当关系代词，只用于先行词前出现such, s或the same
He wished t be such a man as Lei Feng was.
This is the same bk as I read last week.
试翻译以下两句
Lily is such a lvely girl as everybdy likes. _________________________________
Lily is such a lvely girl that everybdy likes her. _________________________________
***** 介词+关系代词which/whm
先行词为物，用“介词+which”
The speed at which a persn walks is 8 miles an hur.
先行词为人，用“介词+whm”
Felix is my best friend with whm I share lts f secrets.
指代
例句
1.人
Our guide, wh was a French Canadian, was an excellent ck.
Peter, whm yu met in Lndn, is nw back in Paris.
2.物
Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.
These apple trees, which I planted three years ag, have nt brne any fruit.
3.人的；物的
Abve the trees are the muntains, whse magnificence the river faithfully reflects n the surface.
The by, whse father is an engineer, studies very hard.
4.句子
The weather turned ut very gd, which was mre than we culd expect.
As everyne knws, China is a beautiful cuntry with a lng histry.
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式上
无逗号与主句隔开
意义上
先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确
修饰内容
先行词
关系词
关系代词：that, which, wh, whm, whse, as；
关系副词：when, where, why.
关系代词：
关系副词：when, where.
1.宜用that的情况
①先行词为不定代词：everything, anything, nthing, all, much, few, little, nne…
Is there anything that I can d fr yu?
All that glitters is nt gld.
②先行词前有以下修饰词：
all, every, n, sme, any, little, much...
I’ve read all the bks that are nt mine.
There are many places that I haven’t visited.
③当先行词被the nly, the very, the last等修饰时
That’s the nly thing that we can d nw.
This is the very pen that I am lking fr.
④当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时
This was ne f the mst pwerful strms that struck America.
The first thing that shuld be dne is t get sme fd.
⑤当先行词中同时包括人和物
I’m ging t talk abut the cuntries and peple that I have visited.
⑥关系代词在从句中做表语
Ldge is n lng the man that he was ten years ag.
⑦当要避免与疑问词which重复时。
Which is the T-shirt that fits me mst?
2.宜用which的情况
①在非限制性定语从句中
Ftball, which is an interesting game, is played all ver the wrld.
②介词提前时，不用that，而用which，介词不提前时，用that和which都可。
This is the rm in which my father lived last year.
= This is the rm (that/ which) my father lived in last year.
③当先行词被 that或thse 修饰 (避免重复)
That bk which he brrwed yesterday is interesting.
3. 宜用wh的情况
①先行词为thse指人时
The army rganized teams t dig ut thse wh were trapped.
②先行词为指人的不定量词ne, anyne, n ne, nbdy, nne...
Anyne wh wrks here must be careful.
as 和 which 在指代句子时
1.位置上
as引导的从句可放在主句首/末/中。which引导的从句只放在主句后。
As is knwn t us all, the earth turns arund the sun.
The earth, as is knwn t us all, turns arund the sun.
The earth turns arund the sun, as /which is knwn t us all.
2.语义的区别：
as有“正如”、“就像”之意，多用于：
as is said abve; as is knwn t all；
as we can see; as is ften the case;
as is reprted; as is expected; as it turned ut
Mike wn the first prize, as was expected.
Mike wn the first prize, which was nt expected.